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EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory

Incidence Matrix (Supplementary)

North-Eastern Hill University

2016.08.29 joIp_rkas, ECE, NEHU, Shillong - 793 022


Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H

10 k

0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H

i1
i3 b i4 10 k
a c
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k

Reference node is assigned with 0 node number!


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3 i4
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3 i4
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5 i6

0
0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3 i4
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5 i6

0
KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3 i4
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5 i6

0
KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0 0
KCL at node b: i3 + i4 + i5 = 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Kirchhos Current Law (KCL) of a graph can be expressed in terms of the reduced
incidence matrix as AI = 0. Here, I represents branch current vectors I1 , I2 , I3 , . . .
2H i1

i1 b
i3 b i4 10 k a c
a c i3 i4
i2 i5 i6
0.4ix ix
5 mA 25 F 27 k i2 i5 i6

0
KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0 0
KCL at node b: i3 + i4 + i5 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 i4 + i6 = 0
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 1/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0

KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0
KCL at node b: i3 + i4 + i5 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 i4 + i6 = 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0

KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0
KCL at node b: i3 + i4 + i5 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 i4 + i6 = 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 +0i2 +0i3 i4 +0i5 +i6 = 0

KCL at node a: i1 i2 + i3 = 0
KCL at node b: i3 + i4 + i5 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 i4 + i6 = 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 +0i2 +0i3 i4 +0i5 +i6 = 0
Expressing the above equations now in matrix form, we get

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 +0i2 +0i3 i4 +0i5 +i6 = 0
Expressing the above equations now
in matrix form, we get
i
1 -1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 -1 1 1 0 i
2 = 0

-1 0 0 -1 0 1 i3
i4

i5
i6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 +0i2 +0i3 i4 +0i5 +i6 = 0
Expressing the above equations now
in matrix form, we get
i
1 -1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 -1 1 1 0 i
2 = 0

-1 0 0 -1 0 1 i3
i4

i5
i6
Then, we arrive at
AIb = 0

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2
Incidence Matrix and KCL

Re-writing these KCL equations with inclusion of all branch currents as


KCL at node a: i1 i2 +i3 +0i4 +0i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node b: 0i1 +0i2 i3 +i4 +i5 +0i6 = 0
KCL at node c: i1 +0i2 +0i3 i4 +0i5 +i6 = 0
Expressing the above equations now
in matrix form, we get
i
1 -1 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 -1 1 1 0 i
2 = 0

-1 0 0 -1 0 1 i3
i4

i5
i6
Then, we arrive at
AIb = 0
where A is the reduced incidence matrix of the complete graph while Ib column matrix
or a vector of branch currents.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AeL. je. siHh/L. J. Singh(nehu/NEHU) EE - 304 Electrical Network Theory 2016.08.29 2/2

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