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  • Power Series Reading Material 3

    Hochgeladen von

    S.m. Chandrashekar
    10 Ansichten2 Seiten
    engineering mathematics

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    engineering mathematics

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    10 Ansichten2 Seiten

    Power Series Reading Material 3

    Hochgeladen von

    S.m. Chandrashekar
    engineering mathematics

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PDF herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 2
    ‘A word of caution "Term by-serr diferentition might not work fox eer kins of series. For example, the Fiat converges for ll x. But i we differentiate term by term we get te series, Fino ‘which diverges forall BB Power Series 667 The Radius and Interval of Convergence ‘The examples we have Hooked st, and the theorem we just proved, lead to the conclusion that a power series behaves in one of the Following three ways. Possible Behavior of Set — ay" There isa positive numnber & such that the series diverges for jx — af > R but converges absolutely for [x — al < R. The series may or may not converge al either of the endpoints x =a — Rand x =a R. 2. The series converges absolutely for every x (R= oo. ‘The series converges at x =a and diverges elsewhere (R Im case 1, the set of points at which the series converges i finite interval, called the interval of convergence, We know from the examples thatthe interval can be open, half-open, oF closed, depending on the particular series, But no matter hich kind of interval iis, R is called the radins of convergence of the series, and a + Ris the least upper bound of the set of points at which the series converges, “The convergence is absolute at every poiat in the interior of the interval. Ifa power Scie converges absolutely forall values of, we say that ts radius of convergence {s infinite, IF 1 converges only at x =a, the radius of convergence Is 2er0. ‘Term-by-Term Differentiation A theorem from advanced caleulus says this a power series cam be differentiated term by term at each interior point of its interval of convergence ‘Theorem 13 ‘The Term-by-Term Differentiation Theorem foe te a comenes for a — R <0 0 it dee ‘ines a fonction f= FO=Vee-ay, a= Rereate. ‘Such a function f has derivatives of all orders inside the interval of con- ‘vergence, We can ebxain the derivatives by differentiating the original series term by term: Fa) = Donte art srt) = Sain trate and so on. Each of these derived series converges at every interior point of the interval of convergence of the original series. 868 Chapter &: Infinite Series EXAMPLE 4 Find series for f'¢x) and f(x) if foo adel be bathe -lexel 14 De bE Ab tat -lexel FOE EI pot md ey = Fonte tet, -lex< Ene 1 E ‘Term-by-Term Integration Another advanced theorem states that a pawer series can be integrated term by term ‘throughout its interval of convergence: ‘Theorem 14 ‘The Term-by-Term Integration Theorem . ‘Suppose that fo) = Yetr= ay paberpe fee 3 as RR EG Tew Fac oot) & simigo tee SR cok feel [red So eo se Loner foro Rex

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