Use of Low Sulphur Fuel Oils

Preliminary Issue - January 2010

Rule Note
NR 559 DT R00 E

Marine Division
92571 Neuilly sur Seine Cedex France
Tel: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 00 Fax: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 25
Marine website: http://www.veristar.com
Email: veristarinfo@bureauveritas.com
2009 Bureau Veritas - All rights reserved

ARTICLE 1
1.1. - BUREAU VERITAS is a Society the purpose of whose Marine Division (the "Society") is the classi-
fication (" Classification ") of any ship or vessel or structure of any type or part of it or system therein col-
lectively hereinafter referred to as a "Unit" whether linked to shore, river bed or sea bed or not, whether
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or not, such as well head and pipelines, mooring legs and mooring points or otherwise as decided by the
Society.
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prepares and publishes Rules for classification, Guidance Notes and other documents (Rules);
issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports following its interventions (Certificates);
publishes Registers.
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ards, in particular by delegation from different Governments. Those activities are hereafter collectively re-
ferred to as " Certification ".
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company safety management certification; ship and port security certification, training activities; all activi-
ties and duties incidental thereto such as documentation on any supporting means, software, instrumen-
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ARTICLE 2
2.1. - Classification is the appraisement given by the Society for its Client, at a certain date, following sur-
veys by its Surveyors along the lines specified in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter on the level of compliance of
a Unit to its Rules or part of them. This appraisement is represented by a class entered on the Certificates
and periodically transcribed in the Society's Register.
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and with reference to the applicable National and International Regulations or Standards.
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the Unit for surveys and to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may affect the
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ARTICLE 3
3.1. - The Rules, procedures and instructions of the Society take into account at the date of their
preparation the state of currently available and proven technical knowledge of the Industry. They
are not a standard or a code of construction neither a guide for maintenance, a safety handbook
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followed at all times by the Client.
Committees consisting of personalities from the Industry contribute to the development of those docu-
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has no effect unless it involves the Society's intervention.
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ARTICLE 4
4.1. - The Society, acting by reference to its Rules:
reviews the construction arrangements of the Units as shown on the documents presented by the Cli-
ent;
conducts surveys at the place of their construction;
classes Units and enters their class in its Register;
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The Client is to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may cause the date or the
extent of the surveys to be changed.
ARTICLE 5
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on the Society to obtain a result or as a warranty.
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or repair checks, neither in the operation of the Units or in their trade, neither in any advisory serv-
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respectively.
MARINE DIVISION
GENERAL CONDITIONS
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ARTICLE 6
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provided for the purpose by the Society or with its assistance.
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and a half times the above mentioned fee.
The Society bears no liability for indirect or consequential loss such as e.g. loss of revenue, loss
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terrupted thereafter with the same periodicity.
ARTICLE 7
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the other party thirty days' written notice, for convenience, and without prejudice to the provisions
in Article 8 hereunder.
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date of effect of the notice issued according to 7.2. here above subject to compliance with 2.3. here above
and Article 8 hereunder.
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ARTICLE 8
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notification to pay.
ARTICLE 9
9.1. - The documents and data provided to or prepared by the Society for its Services, and the information
available to the Society, are treated as confidential. However:
clients have access to the data they have provided to the Society and, during the period of classifica-
tion of the Unit for them, to the classification file consisting of survey reports and certificates which
have been prepared at any time by the Society for the classification of the Unit;
copy of the documents made available for the classification of the Unit and of available survey reports
can be handed over to another Classification Society, where appropriate, in case of the Unit's transfer
of class;
the data relative to the evolution of the Register, to the class suspension and to the survey status of the
Units, as well as general technical information related to hull and equipment damages, are passed on
to IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) according to the association working
rules;
the certificates, documents and information relative to the Units classed with the Society may be
reviewed during certificating bodies audits and are disclosed upon order of the concerned governmen-
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The documents and data are subject to a file management plan.
ARTICLE 10
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not reasonably foreseeable by or beyond the control of the Society shall be deemed not to be a breach of
contract.
ARTICLE 11
11.1. - In case of diverging opinions during surveys between the Client and the Society's surveyor, the So-
ciety may designate another of its surveyors at the request of the Client.
11.2. - Disagreements of a technical nature between the Client and the Society can be submitted by the
Society to the advice of its Marine Advisory Committee.
ARTICLE 12
12.1. - Disputes over the Services carried out by delegation of Governments are assessed within the
framework of the applicable agreements with the States, international Conventions and national rules.
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of Nanterre, France.
12.3. - Other disputes over the present General Conditions or over the Services of the Society are
exclusively submitted to arbitration, by three arbitrators, in London according to the Arbitration
Act 1996 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. The contract between the Society
and the Client shall be governed by English law.
ARTICLE 13
13.1. - These General Conditions constitute the sole contractual obligations binding together the
Society and the Client, to the exclusion of all other representation, statements, terms, conditions
whether express or implied. They may be varied in writing by mutual agreement.
13.2. - The invalidity of one or more stipulations of the present General Conditions does not affect the va-
lidity of the remaining provisions.
13.3. - The definitions herein take precedence over any definitions serving the same purpose which may
appear in other documents issued by the Society.
BV Mod. Ad. ME 545 k - 17 December 2008
 RULE NOTE NR 559

NR 559
Use of Low Sulphur Fuel Oils

SECTION 1 USE OF LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS

Preliminary Issue - January 2010

 Section 1 Use of Low Sulphur Fuel Oils
1 General 3
1.1 Application
1.2 Documents to be submitted
1.3 Definitions
2 Fuel oil supply system 4
2.1 General
2.2 Segregation of LSFO and other fuel oils
2.3 Requirements related to the viscosity, lubricity and density of LSFO
2.4 Control and monitoring systems
3 Design of boilers and diesel engines 5
3.1 General
3.2 Boilers
3.3 Diesel engines
4 Procedures 5
4.1 Fuel changeover procedure
4.2 Fuel verification procedure
5 On-board tests 6
5.1 Tests of the boilers with LSHO
5.2 Tests of diesel engines with LSFO
5.3 Verification of the fuel changeover

2 Bureau Veritas Preliminary Issue - January 2010

 NR 559, Sec 1

SECTION 1 USE OF LOW SULPHUR FUEL OILS

1 General Table 1 : Documents to be submitted

1.1 Application Item I/A

Document
n (1)

1.1.1 The requirements of this Rule Note apply to existing 1 A For the fuel oil supply system:
and new ships intended to use low sulphur fuel oils (LSFO) Piping diagram with control, monitor-
in order to comply with certain Regulations such as EU ing and safety instrumentation
Directive 2005/33/EC or California Code of Regulation Operating principle
Titles 13 and 17.
2 A (2) For boilers:
characteristics required for LSFO (vis-
1.1.2 The requirements of this Rule Note address the cosity, flash point, ignition and com-
design of diesel engines and boilers and that of their fuel oil bustion properties, etc.)
supply systems. drawing of the burner
diagram of the fuel oil supply
1.1.3 For multi-engine plants (power generation plant or list of sensors fitted to the burner and
propulsion plant), the Society may accept the capability of a furnace
limited number of engines to operate with LSFO, on a case specification of the control, monitor-
by case basis. ing and safety systems including the
specific functions related to the opera-
tion with LSFO
1.2 Documents to be submitted
operating manual of the boiler with
possible restrictions of operation in
1.2.1 The plans and documents to be submitted are listed case of use of LSFO
in Tab 1. test report or alternative justifications
demonstrating the ability of the boiler
to burn LSFO
1.3 Definitions
3 A (2) For diesel engines:
1.3.1 Low Sulphur Fuel Oil characteristics required for LSFO (vis-
cosity, flash point, ignition and com-
For the purpose of this Rule Note, Low Sulphur Fuel Oil bustion properties, etc.)
(LSFO) means a fuel oil having a sulphur content less than diagram of the fuel oil supply
the limit imposed in [1.1.1] above. It may be desulphured
diagram of the lubricating oil system
heavy fuel oil or distillate fuel oil.
specification of the control, monitor-
ing and safety systems including the
1.3.2 Distillate Fuel Oil specific functions related to the opera-
Distillate Fuel Oil means a fuel oil complying with the tion with LSFO
following ISO 8217 standard grades: operating manual of the engine with
possible restrictions of operation in
DMA (Marine Gas Oil) case of use of LSFO
test report or alternative justifications
DMB (Marine Diesel Oil).
demonstrating the ability of the engine
to burn LSFO
1.3.3 Normal fuel oils - other fuel oils
4 I Fuel changeover procedure
Normal fuel oils or other fuel oils means the fuel oils
other than LSFO, which are normally supplied to the main 5 I Fuel verification procedure
and auxiliary engines and to the boilers when the ship oper- 6 I For boilers, a risk analysis
ates outside the regulated areas.
7 I On-board test report
1.3.4 Regulated area (1) I : to be submitted for information
A regulated area is an area where, in pursuance of the regu- A : to be submitted for approval
lations mentioned in [1.1.1] above, only LSFO may be (2) For existing ships, the above documents are to be sub-
used. mitted by the owner to the Society.

Preliminary Issue - January 2010 Bureau Veritas 3

NR 559, Sec 1

2 Fuel oil supply system 2.2.3 Fuel oil separators

Fuel oil separators are to be suitable for the different types
of fuels that need to be purified (LSFO and other fuel oils).
2.1 General
2.2.4 Arrangements to avoid contamination of
2.1.1 Compliance with BV Rules LSFO tanks
The fuel oil supply system is to comply with the relevant Arrangements are to be made to avoid possible contamina-
requirements of NR467 Rules for Steel Ships, Part C, and in tion of LSFO tanks by other fuel oils, in particular during
particular with those concerning: changeover procedures. For that purpose, valves on the sup-
the flash point of the fuel oil ply and return lines are to be provided with automatic inter-
lock system. Alternatively, a suitable procedure for manual
the arrangement of the fuel oil tanks operation may be accepted.
the fuel oil piping system
2.2.5 Arrangements for flushing
the boiler and engine fuel oil supply systems The part of the fuel oil service system that is common to
the automated operation of boilers and engines (in case LSFO and to other fuel oils is to be capable of being fully
of AUT notation) flushed prior to entry in the regulated area.

2.1.2 Continuous operation 2.3 Requirements related to the viscosity,

The concerned engines, boilers, pumps, valves and other
equipment are to be designed for continuous operation with
LSFO.
2.1.3 Compatibility of fuel oils
Before any changeover, the compatibility between fuel oils
is to be checked by means of a suitable on-board kit or
ascertained by a recognized laboratory.
2.2 Segregation of LSFO and other fuel oils
2.2.1 Arrangement of tanks
Dedicated storage, settling and service tanks are to be pro-
vided for the low sulphur fuel oil, with a capacity sufficient
to allow the operation of the ship during the required period
(e.g. when the ship is at berth or operating in a specific
area).
Note 1: The storage and service tanks may be combined and the
settling tank may be omitted if the quality of the LSFO complies
with the engine or boiler manufacturers specifications without the
necessity for settling, purification or other treatments.
Note 2: Only one service tank may be accepted for LSFO.
Note 3: Tanks may be used alternatively for distillate fuel oils and
for other fuel oils provided that:
the tank heating arrangements, where provided, can be readily
cut off,
the tank is completely drained and cleaned before being filled
up with a different type of fuel oil.
2.2.2 Arrangement of fuel oil piping system
lubricity and density of LSFO
2.3.1 Viscosity and temperature control
Arrangements are to be made to permanently maintain the
viscosity of distillate fuel oils within the range required by
the engine or boiler manufacturer. For that purpose, coolers
or chillers with viscosity control system may be required.
Distillate fuel oil tanks are to be located remote from any
source of heat, so that the temperature within the tank may
not exceed the ambient air temperature. In particular they
should not be located adjacent to tanks containing heated
fuel oils.
During changeover procedure, fuel oil temperature changes
are to be progressive to avoid possible damage of boiler or
engine components due to thermal shock. A mixing tank is
normally to be provided for that purpose.
2.3.2 Pumps and valves
Pumps and valves are to be suitable for the different
expected viscosity and lubricity of the fuel oils. Dedicated
LSFO pumps, where used, are to be duplicated with auto-
matic starting of the stand-by pump.
Note 1: A single dedicated LSFO pump may be accepted where a
stand-by boiler or engine is available for immediate operation with
LSFO.
2.4 Control and monitoring systems
2.4.1 If distillate fuel oils are used, the fuel oil control,
monitoring and alarm systems are to be include the follow-
ing functions:

Piping system may be common to distillate fuel oils and to automatic adjustment of the temperature and viscosity
other fuel oils only if: alarm and safety thresholds

it is provided with a high temperature alarm,
the heat tracing systems can be readily disabled, and
the heaters can be by-passed.
indication of the heating systems status (in operation or
not)
indication of wrong status of certain auxiliaries (e.g.
pumps dedicated to LSFO operation not in service).

4 Bureau Veritas Preliminary Issue - January 2010


3 Design of boilers and diesel engines
3.1 General
3.1.1 The submitted documents are to include a confirma-
tion of the capability of the boilers and diesel engines to
operate with LSFO.
For existing ships, the owner is to submit to the Society the
details of the modifications and operational restrictions, if
any, that are deemed necessary for the safe and reliable
operation of the equipment.
3.2 Boilers
3.2.1 Boilers intended to operate with distillate fuel oils are
to be designed taking into account the following require-
ments:
a) The ignition devices are to be so located as to allow effi-
cient ignition of the fuel spray, for the different types of
fuel oil.
b) The flame supervision sensors, their number and loca-
tion are to be suitable for the different flame patterns.
Ignition burners are to be provided with their own flame
supervision sensors.
c) Steam atomization burners may be used only if there is
no heating stage in the burner that could result in the
vaporization of distillate fuel oils.
d) The burner safety system is to include a function that:
prevents the boiler from being started on distillate
fuel oil, if one of the fuel oil heating devices is still in
operation
prevents the fuel oil heating systems from being put
into service when the boiler is operated with distil-
late fuel oils.
e) The boiler control system is to allow for a post-purge
sequence after normal stop or trip of the burner.
f) The burner control system is to allow automatic adjust-
ment of the operating parameters affected by the fuel oil
properties, such as:
air / fuel ratio
fuel oil flow
fuel oil pressure
ignition threshold
fuel oil high temperature alarm setting
duration of the purge sequences.
Preliminary Issue - January 2010
NR 559, Sec 1
3.2.2 The risk analysis required inTab 1 is to address the
operation of the boiler with distillate fuel oils including dur-
ing the fuel changeover. The following items are to be con-
sidered:
abnormal fuel oil viscosity or temperature at the burner
inlet
failure of atomizing fluid
failure of ignition device
abnormal combustion / loss of flame
failure of control, monitoring or safety systems.
The risk analysis is to demonstrate that the risk of explosion
during operation with distillate fuel oil, in particular during
the fuel changeover, is extremely improbable (see definition
in NR467 Rules for Steel Ships, Part E, Ch 2, App 1).
3.3 Diesel engines
3.3.1 Engines intended to operate with LSFO are to be
designed taking into account the following properties of
such fuel oils:
a) ignition and combustion characteristics
b) viscosity
c) density and heating value
d) lubricity
Engine adjustments necessary for LSFO operation are to be
automatic. Manual adjustments may be accepted only if
they can be readily activated.
Note 1: Modifications of engines may affect their NOx emissions.
Existing engines certified according to MARPOL Annex VI may be
required to be re-certified.
3.3.2 The quality of the lubricating oil (alkalinity) and the
arrangement of the lubricating oil system are to be adapted
to the engine operation with LSFO and other fuel oils. The
relevant design and operating requirements of the engine
manufacturer (in particular the cylinder oil feed rate) are to
be complied with.
Where different types of lubricating oils are required, the
necessary storage tanks, service tanks, changeover arrange-
ments, etc. are to be provided. The propulsion and the
power generation capabilities of the ship are not to be
affected by the lubricating oil changeover. A partial reduc-
tion in propulsion capability may however be accepted dur-
ing the changeover provided that suitable precautions are
taken by the operators to avoid impairing the safety of the
ship.
4 Procedures
4.1 Fuel changeover procedure
4.1.1 The fuel changeover procedure required in Table 1 is
to be prepared by the shipyard or the owner in conjunction
with the boiler and engine manufacturers.
Bureau Veritas 5
NR 559, Sec 1
4.1.2 The fuel changeover procedure is to include:
the possible operational restrictions during the fuel
changeover
the list of all the actions necessary for the safe switching
between LSFO and other fuel oils (manual and auto-
matic actions),
the detailed procedure for the manual actions and the
list of the parameters to be monitored
the safety measures to be followed in case of failure or
alarm
for engines, the lubricating oil change procedure (where
relevant).
4.2 Fuel verification procedure
4.2.1 The fuel verification procedure is to be submitted for
information in accordance with Appendix VI to MARPOL
Annex VI.
4.2.2 In addition to the requirements provided in MARPOL
Annex VI, Regulation 18.5 and Appendix V, the following
characteristics of the LSFO are to be measured:
viscosity
flash point.
6 Bureau Veritas
5 On-board tests
5.1 Tests of the boilers with LSFO
5.1.1 The following tests are to be carried out:
testing of the monitoring, alarm and safety systems (in
particular flame supervision system)
testing of the ignition devices
verification of the purge automatic sequences
operation at various loads including low load.
5.2 Tests of diesel engines with LSFO
5.2.1 Engines are to be tested with LSFO during the sea tri-
als in accordance with the relevant requirements of NR467
Rules for Steel Ships, Part C, Ch 1, Sec 15, [3.5].
Note 1: For existing ships, alternative test conditions may be
accepted by the Society, subject to special consideration.
5.3 Verification of the fuel changeover
5.3.1 The changeover capability of the fuel oil supply sys-
tem, boiler and engines is to be checked during the sea tri-
als.
Note 1: The lubricating oil changeover, where required for engines,
is also to be checked.
Note 2: For existing ships, alternative conditions for the verification
of fuel changeover capability may be accepted by the Society, sub-
ject to special consideration.
Preliminary Issue - January 2010