Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Table 7-1
Barge Shipping Forces
Condition FY Diagram
__-
I Gravity -1 .ow -
?a -0.4~
a
b - a
?b Roll +0.4w
3a -1.5~ 1.ow
b - a
Pitch +1.5w 1.ow
3b
1.2w
t
Heave
Collision - 11.5w
%030 666 w 5w
5b -0.466W
0.5w f@ 0.666 w
7b +0.5w 10.5~
9
0.966 w
374 Pressure Vessel Design Manual
Pitch Roll
~~
I I \ I
e, =5" max
Pitch center J
FY
u
FP
WRO
F = 0.0214-
T2
41 = tan-' (k)
0.0214WRlO1
F, = Case 2a: F, = -FR sin $2
T? F, = FR COS 42
Case 3a: F, = -F, sin 4' Case 3b : F, = F, sin 41 Case 2b: F, = FR sin 42
F, = F, COS $1 F, = -F, COS $1 F, = -FR COS 42
Transportation and Erection of Pressure Vessels 375
Z = surge
X = sway
Y = heave
C#J = roll
0 =pitch
$ =yaw
(centerline of
Aft
d rudder post)
The job of the designer is to translate the loads resulting do. In fact, the best way to think of these loads is as vertical
from the movement of the ship into loads applied to the and horizontal seismic forces. Vertical seismic forces either
pressure vessel that is stored either at or below decks. The add or subtract to the weight of the vessel. Horizontal seis-
ship itself will rotate about its own center of buoyancy (C.B.) mic forces are either transverse or longitudinal.
depending on the direction of the sea and the ships orienta- The X, Y, and Z axes translate into and are equivalent to
tion to that direction of sea. The vessel strapped to its deck is the following loadings in the vessel:
in turn affected by its location in relation G the C.B. of the
ship. For example, if the C.G. of the vessel is located near
axis: transverse,
axis: corresponds to vertical loads by either adding or
the C.B. of the ship, the forces are minimized. The farther subtractingfrom the weight of the vessel,
apart the two are in relation to each other, the more pro- axis: longitudinal axis of the vessel, All axis loads are
nounced the effect on the vessel. longitudinal loadings.
The ships movement translates into loads on the three
principal axes of the vessel. Saddles and lashings must be Load Combinations for Sea Forces
strong enough to resist these external forces without exceed-
ing some allowable stress point in the vessel. The point of 1. dead load + sway + heave + wind
application of the load is at the C.G. of the vessel. These 2 . dead load + surge + heave + wind
loads affect the vessel in the same manner as seismic forces
376 Pressure Vessel Design Manual
3 RAIL
T.0.R
TRUCK /TRAILER
TRUCK /TRAILER
RAIL