SAMPLING DISTRIUTION OF SAMPLE
MEANS
1. You have a six sided die with faces
numbered 1 through 6, and each face is
equally likely to come up on any given roll.
Suppose you rolled the die five times and got
the values of 3, 4, 6, 3 and 5. If all samples
of size 2 are taken, find
a) How many possible samples can be
drawn?
b) List all possible samples and the
corresponding means
c) Construct a sampling distribution of the
sample means
d) Compute the mean of the sampling
distribution of the sample means x b) The 95% confidence interval of the
e) Compute the variance of the sampling
distribution of the sample means.
f) Compute the standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of the sample mean.
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM
(SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE
SAMPLE MEANS)
2) The average number of pounds of meat
that a person consumes per year is 218.4
pounds. Assume that the standard deviation
is 25 pounds and the distribution is
approximately normal. If a sample of 40
individuals is selected, find the probability
that the mean of the sample will be less than
224 pounds per year. 92.22%
POINT ESTIMATE OF A POPULATION
MEAN
3. Consider the following sample of
observations on coating thickness for low-
viscosity paint (Achieving a Target Value for
a Manufacturing Process: A Case Study, J. of
Quality Technology, 1992: 22-26):
0.83 0.88 0.88 1.04 1.09 1.12 1.29 1.31
1.48 1.49 1.59 1.62 1.65 1.71 1.76 1.83
Assume that the distribution of coating
thickness is normal.
a) Calculate a point estimate of the mean
value of coating thickness
b) Compute the estimate variance of value of
coating thickness
c) What is the standard deviation of the
following data?
CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ESTIMATES FOR
THE POPULATION MEAN
4. Noise levels at various area urban
hospitals were measured in decibels. The
mean of the noise levels in 84 corridors was
61.2 decibels, and the standard deviation of
the population was 7.9.
a) The best Point estimate 61.2
population mean.59.5<u<62.9
Minimum sample size needed for an
interval estimate of the population
mean
5) A university dean of students wishes to
estimate the average number of hours
students spend doing homework per week.
The standard deviation from a previous study
is 6.2 hours. How large a sample must be
selected if he wants to be 99% confident of
finding whether the true mean differs from
the sample mean by 1.5 hours? 114
CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE
POPULATION MEAN WHEN POPULATION
STANDARD DEVIATION IS UNKNOWN
6) A sample of six college wrestlers had an
average weight of 276 pounds with a sample
standard deviation of 12 pounds. Find the
90% confidence interval of the true mean
weight of all college wrestlers.
COMPUTING INTERVAL ESTIMATES OF
POPULATION PROPORTIONS
7. A sample poll of 100 voters chosen at
random from all voters in a given district
indicate that 55% of them were in favor of a
particular candidate. Find the 99%
confidence interval for the proportion of all
voters in favor of this candidate. Use the formula when computing for the
0.55<p<0.13 probability using z table
x
z=

n
POINT ESTIMATE OF A POPULATION
MEAN
Point Estimate of the Mean Value

X =
X
n
Estimate Variance of Value
SAMPLING DISTRIUTION OF SAMPLE
2
( X X)
MEANS 2
s=
n1
Number of Possible samples
Estimate standard deviation of Value
Cn
N where: N size of the population
n size of the sample
Mean of Sampling Distribution
s= s = 2
( X X )2
n1
x P( x )
x =
Variance of the Sampling Distribution of
the sample means. CONFIDENCE INTERVAL ESTIMATES FOR
P( x ) ( x )2 THE POPULATION MEAN
x 2= or Best Point Estimate = x or X
2
Nn General formula for a confidence
x 2= for finite population interval estimate
n N 1

x =22
for infinite population
X Z
2 n
( )
<< X +Z
2 n
( )
n
Standard Deviation of the Sampling Z
Distribution of the sample mean Corresponding 2 for confidence
x = x2 = P (x ) ( x )2 or Level
x = x2 =
Nn

n N 1 for finite 2.58
90% = 1.65, 95% = 1.96, 99% =

Minimum sample size needed for an

population interval estimate of the population
mean
x = x2 = for infinite population
n Z
2

2 population variance n= ( 2
)
Where: E
population standard deviation CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR THE
POPULATION MEAN WHEN POPULATION
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM STANDARD DEVIATION IS UNKNOWN
(SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE
X t
2
( sn )< < X + t ( sn )

2
SAMPLE MEANS)
Condition to use this formula: Number of desired outcome
^p=
1) n is less than 30 Number of elements
2) sample is randomly selected and
X
normally distributed (stated in the Or ^p=
n
problem)
3) Unknown population standard nx
q^ =1 ^p =
deviation n

COMPUTING INTERVAL ESTIMATES OF

POPULATION PROPORTIONS

X Z
2
( ^pnq^ )< p< X + Z ( ^pnq^ )

2

Determining ^p q^