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Captiva

SymptomsEngineControls
DiagnosticInstructions

PerformtheDiagnosticSystemCheckVehiclepriortousingthisdiagnosticprocedure.
ReviewStrategyBasedDiagnosisforanoverviewofthediagnosticapproach.
DiagnosticProcedureInstructionsprovidesanoverviewofeachdiagnosticcategory.

SymptomsDescription

SymptomscoversconditionsthatarenotcoveredbyDTCs.Certainconditionscancausemultiple
symptoms.TheseconditionsarelistedtogetherunderSymptomsTesting.Conditionsthatmayonly
causespecificsymptomsarelistedseparatelyunderAdditionalSymptomsTesting.Performthe
SymptomsTestingbeforeusingtheAdditionalSymptomsTesting.

SymptomsDefinition
CutsOut,Misfires:Asteadypulsationorjerkingthatfollowsenginespeed,whichisusuallymore
pronouncedastheengineloadincreases.Thisconditionisnotnormallyfeltabove1500RPMor
48km/h(30MPH).Theexhausthasasteadyspittingsoundatidleoratlowspeed.

HardStart:TheenginecranksOK,butdoesnotstartforalongtime.Thevehicledoeseventually
run,ormaystartbutimmediatelystall.

Hesitation,Sag,Stumble:Amomentarylackofresponseastheacceleratorispusheddown.This
conditioncanoccuratanyvehiclespeed.Thisconditionisusuallymorepronouncedwhenfirsttrying
tomakethevehiclemove,asfromastop.Thisconditionmaycausetheenginetostallincritical
conditions.

LackofPower,Sluggishness,orSponginess:Theenginedeliverslessthanexpectedpower.Little
ornoincreaseinvehiclespeedwhentheacceleratorpedalispusheddownpartway.

PoorFuelEconomy:Fueleconomy,asmeasuredbyanactualroadtest,isnoticeablylowerthan
expected.Also,thefueleconomyisnoticeablylowerthanitwasonthisvehicleatonetime,as
previouslyshownbyanactualroadtest.

Rough,Unstable,orIncorrectIdleandStalling:Theenginerunsunevenlyatidle.Ifsevere,the
engineorthevehiclemayshake.Engineidlespeedmayvary.Eitherconditionmaybecriticalenough
tostalltheengine.

Surges/Chuggles:Anenginepowervariationundersteadythrottleorcruise.Feelslikethevehicle
speedsupandslowsdownwithnochangeintheacceleratorpedalposition.

FuelKnock/CombustionNoise:Amildtosevereping,usuallyworseunderacceleration.Theengine
makessharpmetallicknocksthatchangewiththethrottleopening.

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ExcessiveSmoke(Black):Blacksmokeunderload,idleorstartup,hotorcold.

ExcessiveSmoke(White):Whitesmokeunderload,idleorstartup,hotorcold.

ExcessiveSmoke(GreyorBlue):GreyorBluesmokeunderload,idleorstartup,hotorcold.

ReferenceInformation

ElectricalInformationReference

CircuitTesting
ConnectorRepairs
TestingforIntermittentConditionsandPoorConnections
WiringRepairs

ScanToolReference

ControlModuleReferencesforscantoolinformation

SymptomsVerification
Verifythefollowingconditionsaretrue:

Theenginecontrolmodule(ECM)andthemalfunctionindicatorlamp(MIL)areoperating
correctly.
Therearenodiagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)stored.
Thescantooldataiswithinanormaloperatingrange.
Thefuelsystemisnotleaking.
Airisnotenteringthefuelsystem.
Theairfilterelementisnotrestricted.
Thevehicletyresarecorrectlyinflatedandmeetoriginalequipmentspecifications.

SymptomsTesting

CutsOut/Misfires,HardStart,Hesitation/Sag/Stumble,Lackof
Power/Sluggishness/Sponginess,PoorFuelEconomy,Rough,Unstable,orIncorrectIdleand
Stalling,FuelKnock/CombustionNoise,Surges/Chuggles,orExcessiveSmokeBlack,White,
Grey,orBlue

1.Testforthefollowingconditions:
Thesensorsystemsforthefollowing:
Inspectthemassairflow(MAF)sensorforobstruction,contamination,anddamage.
Testforanintermittentfuelrailpressuresensorsignalbywigglingtheharnessbetweenthe
sensorandtheECMwiththeignitionONandtheengineOFF,whilemonitoringthe
parameterwithascantool.
Inspectforanintermittentcrankshaftpositionsensorsignal.
Testthecrankshaftpositionsensorforthecorrectresistance.Thecrankshaftposition
sensorresistancemaybeoutofrangeafterahotsoak.Theresistanceshouldbebetween
774946.
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Inspecttheenginecoolanttemperature(ECT)sensor.Usethescantoolinordertocompare
theECTwiththeinletairtemperature(IAT)sensoronacoldengine.TheECTshouldbe
within3C(5F)oftheIAT.Ifnotwithinthespecifiedrange,inspectforahighresistancein
thecoolantsensorcircuitorthesensor.
TheFuelSystemforthefollowing:
Inspectforexternalfuelleaks.
Inspectforlowfuelpressure.RefertoFuelSystemDiagnosis.
Inspectthefuelsystemforapluggedfuelfilterorairinthefuelsystem.RefertoFuel
SystemDiagnosis.
Inspectthefuelsupplytothefuelinjectionpump.RefertoFuelSystemDiagnosis.
Inspectthefueltankcapventforproperoperation.
Inspectthefuelquality.RefertoContaminantsinFuelDiagnosis.
Observetheactualversesdesiredfuelrailpressurewithascantool,withtheengineidling.
IftheECMorafuelinjectorhasrecentlybeenreplaced,itmaybenecessarytoconfirmthe
fuelinjectorflowratevalues.RefertoFuelInjectorFlowRateProgramming.
Inspectforrestrictedorpluggedfuelinjectors.
Inspectforastickingfuelpressureregulator.Thesymptomforthisconditionwillbeanidle
surgeofatleast100RPM.Thissurgewillbefrom50RPMaboveDesiredIdleSpeedto
50RPMbelowDesiredIdleSpeed.
Enginemechanicalforthefollowing:
Impropervalvetiming
Wornrockerarms
Lowenginecompression
Brokenorweakvalvesprings
Worncamshaftlobes
ExcessiveamountofoilinthecombustionchamberLeakingvalveseals
2.Iftheaboveconditionsdonotaddressthesymptom,refertotheadditionalsymptomstests.

AdditionalSymptomsTests

HardStart

VerifytheECThasnotshiftedinvalue.RefertoTemperatureVersusResistance:Exhaust
TemperatureSensorECTandIATSensor.
Inspectforaslowcrankingspeed.RefertoSymptomsEngineElectrical.
Verifytheengineelectricalsystemforcorrectoperation.RefertoSymptomsEngineElectrical.
Verifythedriverisusingthecorrectstartingprocedureasdescribedintheownersmanual.
Inspectforarestrictioninturbochargerinletduct.
Inspectforthecorrectoperationofthefuelheater.
Inspectforarestrictionoraleakintheinletmanifold.
Inspecttheexhaustsystemforapossiblerestriction.RefertoRestrictedExhaust.
Inspectforexcessivecrankshaftendplaythatwillcausethecrankshaftpositionsensorreluctor
wheeltomoveoutofalignmentwiththecrankshaftpositionsensor.

Hesitation,Sag,Stumble

Testthegenerator.RefertoSymptomsEngineElectrical.Repairthechargingsystemifthe

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generatoroutputvoltageislessthan9Vorgreaterthan16V.
Inspectforexcessivecrankshaftendplaythatwillcausethecrankshaftpositionsensorreluctor
wheeltomoveoutofalignmentwiththecrankshaftpositionsensor.

PoorFuelEconomy

Heavyloadsbeingcarriedortowed
Accelerationratetoomuchortoooften
Inspectthebrakesystemforbrakedrag.
Inspectthetyresforthecorrectairpressure.
Inspectforincorrectoperationofthespeedometer.
Inspectforanairleakinthechargeaircooler.
Inspecttheairconditioningsystemforproperoperation.
Suggesttotheownertofillthefueltankandinspectthefueleconomy.
SuggesttothedrivertoreadtheImportantFactsonFuelEconomyintheOwnerManual.
VerifytheECThasnotshiftedinvalue.RefertoTemperatureVersusResistance:Exhaust
TemperatureSensorECTandIATSensor.

LackofPower,Hesitation,orCutOut

Inspecttheengineelectricalsystemforcorrectoperation.RefertoSymptomsEngineElectrical.
Comparethevehiclewithasimilarmodule.Ensurethevehiclehasanactualmalfunction.
Inspectforapropertransmissionoperation.
Inspecttheengineoillevelandquality.
Inspectforanairleakinthechargeaircooler.
Inspectforawornordamagedturbochargerturbinewheel,shaftorcompressorwheel.
Inspectforarestrictedorpluggedexhaust.
Inspectforarestrictioninthechargeaircooler.
Inspectforaskewedmassairflow(MAF)sensor.
Inspectthattheexhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)valveisfullyclosing.
EnsurethattheEGRvalvedoesnotbindwhenmanuallymovingthevalve.
Inspectthetorqueconverterclutch(TCC)operation.
Inspecttheairconditioningsystemforthecorrectoperation.

Rough,Unstable,orIncorrectIdleandStalling

Inspecttheenginemounts.
Inspecttheinletandexhaustmanifoldsforcastingflash.
Theexhaustsystemfordamagedorcollapsedpipes
Theexhaustmanifoldforacollapsedinnerwall
Themufflersforheatdistressorpossibleinternalmalfunction
Inspecttheparkneutralpositionswitchcircuit.

Surges/Chuggles

Ensurethedriverunderstandsthetorqueconverterclutch(TCC)operation.
EnsurethedriverunderstandstheA/Ccompressoroperation.
Usethescantooltoensurethevehiclespeedsensor(VSS)readingmatchesthespeedometer.

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FuelKnock/CombustionNoise

Inspectforobviousoverheatingmalfunctions.RefertoEngineOverheating.
Inspectforalowenginecoolantlevel.
Inspectforanyrestrictedairflowthroughtheradiator.
Inspectforamalfunctioningorincorrectthermostat.
Inspectforacorrectcoolantsolution.Thesolutionshouldbea50/50mixofantifreezeandwater.

ExcessiveSmoke(Black)

NormalOperation

Duringlighttomoderateaccelerationthereshouldbenoblacksmoke.
Duringthe23hardaccelerationsafternormallightloaddrivingtheremaybesomeblacksmoke
momentarilybutshouldnotlastforgreaterthan5s.
Duringhardaccelerationtheremayalwaysbeaveryfaintpuffofblacksmoke.

AbnormalOperation

Blacksmokeduringlighttomoderateacceleration.
Heavyblacksmokeduringhardaccelerationthatlastsforgreaterthan5s.
Heavyblacksmokeduringeveryhardaccelerationand/orduringtransmissionshifttransitions
Inspectforanairleakinthechargeaircoolerortheairductsbetweentheturbochargerandthe
inletmanifold.
Inspectforarestrictionintheturbochargerchargeaircooler.
Inspectforarestrictionintheinletmanifold.
InspectthattheEGRvalveisfullyclosing.RemovetheEGRvalveandvisuallyinspectthatthere
isnolightseenbetweenthevalvesandthevalveseats.
EnsurethattheEGRvalvedoesnotbindwhenmanuallymovingthevalve.
Inspectforexcessiveoilenteringthecombustionchamber.

ExcessiveSmoke(WhiteorGrey)

Inspectthecoolantlevelinthereservoir.Whitecoolantsmokemaybemistakenforblue/grey
smoke.Ifthecoolantlevelislow,refertoLossofCoolant.
Ifexcessivesmokeispresent,inspectforastuckopenfuelinjectorbyperformingthefollowing
procedure:
1. Disconnecttheelectricalconnectoratthefuelinjectionpump.
2. Removetheglowplugs.RefertoGlowPlugReplacement.

Note:Donotstandinfrontoftheglowplugholeswhilecrankingtheengine.

3. Cranktheenginewhileobservingtheglowplugholesforfuelspray.
4. Replacethefuelinjectorsforthecylindersthatsprayfuel.
5. Inspectforcontaminatedoilorhighoillevel.
IftheECMorafuelinjectorhasrecentlybeenreplaced,itmaybenecessarytoconfirmthefuel
injectorflowratevalues.RefertoFuelInjectorFlowRateProgramming.
Inspectthefuelinjectors.RefertoFuelInjectorReplacement.

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