Joseph Dimmick

Shawna Haider

Math 1080

23 March 2017

With this project we are going to walk through the process of deriving the force equitation
with springs. Using the formula
0
() = () + 0()

x(t) = position of weight at (t)= time v0= initial velocity w =
(weightmass)(springresistance) x0=initial position

Suppose a weight is set in motion from a position 7 centimeters

below the equilibrium position and with a downward velocity of 30
centimeters per second. (Please note that the vertical number line
used for position is upside down. This is a convention from
physics and it means that position below equilibrium actually
correspond to a positive value.) Assume that the constant for the spring stiffness
and mass of the weight is = 5 for this system.

Part 1

= sin(5) =RED = 7cos(5)=BLUE

Write an equation for your calculator graph in the form x(t) = A cos [B(t C)]. (Use the
maximum feature of your graphing utility to help you find values for A, B, and C. Round values to four
decimal places. Carefully label the points on the graph that you used to determine A, B, and C. Explain
how you used these points to determine A, B, and C.

= (5)+ 7(5)

5) Write an equation for your calculator graph in the for x(t) = A cos [B(t - C)]. (Use the maximum feature of your
graphing utility to help you find values for A, B, and C. Round the values to four decimal places. Carefully label the
points on the graph that you used to determine A, B, and C. Explain how you used these points to determine A, B, and
C.
A = 9.899. A is found by finding the maximum value of y.
B = 5. B is found by subtracting the lesser value of x by the greater value of x for one period of the wave.

C= . C is found by determining the shift in the graph. 20
20
() = 9.899[(5)( )]

6) How are the graphs in part 2) related to the graph in part 3)? Are the values for amplitude, period, frequency, and
phase shift the same or different? Why do you think you are seeing these results? Please write out your explanation
in complete sentences.

The combination of the two graphs in part 2) make the graph for part 3). The value for period and
frequency are the same but the value for amplitude is higher because it adds the 2 graphs together giving
it a higher high and lower low. It also has a phase shift of . The phase shift can be accounted for by
20
taking in to account the higher maximum of the graph. The normal graph of cosine starts at (0,7) and so
does the new graph, but the new graph goes higher than the normal graph, giving it a phase shift. Part
2
Suppose we have two positive measurements and . Why is it always possible to draw a
right triangle with legs having these two measurements? How would you calculate
A?

It is possible to always draw a right triangle with

these legs (c1,c2) because they are the
measurements that make up the the right angle.
These can also be thought of as the X (c2) and Y (c1)
axes. We can calculate A by simply using the
Pythagorean Theorem 2 + 2 = 2 in the case of the
given triangle a = c1 and b = c2.

Find sin= = 1 Solve for C

Find cos= = 2 Solve for C

Find tan= = 1
2

Find = 1(1)
2

Find A and given that C1=4 and C2=2

or 4.4721
=

Find A and given that C1=6 and C2=5

1(6) = 50.19
=
5

Part 3
 1)if Asin(wt) +Acoscos(wt) = Acos(wt-) Then
d(p1,p1) = d(q1,q2) the distance formula can be used
to verify.

2)
( )2 + ( + )2 Having
substituted t for and s for wt.

3)squaring both sides and expanding we get

2( + ) 2( + ) + 1 + 2( + ) =
{------------------} {----------------} 2
2()() + 2() + 2() + 2()() + 2()
{-------} {--------} {------} {-------}

4) using Pythagorean identities, we know that the above underlined with {-----} =1, so we have 2
2( + ) = 2 2()()+ 2()()

5) By subtracting 2 from both sides and divinding by - 2, we get ( + )= ()()

()()

6)Replacing t with - t gives ( )= ( + ())

= ()()
()()
7)Applying even-odd identities gives ()()+ ()()

8) re-substituting for t and wt for s, we have () () = ( ) which

can be multiplied by A to give

()+ ()= ( )
Part 4

Original function: y=7sin(5x) + 7cos(5x)

New function: y=9.899sin(7)sin(5x)+9.899cos(7)cos(5x)
New function: y=9.899cos(5x-7)
New function: y=9.899cos[5(t-20)]

It can be observed that the functions are quite similar (for example, they all keep the
same amplitude and use the numbers 5 and 7), with minor differences. If we graph the
four equations, it can be observed that they are exactly identical.
Part 5
When an engine cylinder is fired a tremendous amount of force is generated and transferred into
the crankshaft of a car. The crankshaft converts this force to eventually spin the wheels of the
car allowing locomotion. This force also causes vibrations which could lead to the crankshaft
failing and causing the car to no longer work and eve be expensive to repair. In this case the
amplitude, frequency and period of the force behind the combustion of fuel and air are
detrimental because they have the potential to cause damage to mechanism trying to harness
them for power. Thus enters what is called a harmonic balancer. A harmonic balancer is a
circular device made of rubber and metal that is bolted to the front of the crankshaft to absorb
the vibrations. The rubber acts as a ground for the excess energy by absorbing it and preventing
the engine vibrations from causing damage to the crankshaft.

Another good example of harmonic motion or in this case simple harmonic motion. Is a guitar.
When a musician strums on the strings of a guitar it creates sound waves that the human ear
can detect. The energy from the vibration of the guitar string dissipates as sound waves. The
more vibration in the string the louder the sound and the longer the sound can be heard.
Modifying the strength of the strum or stopping the vibration of the string prematurely can alter
the amplitude, frequency and period of the sound waves causing changes in pitch, tone and
volume.

This is the second time I have done this project so I re-used some of the pictures and stuff I had
from the previous time but I am always surprised as to just how much we encounter harmonic
energy in everyday situations.