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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/11 Paper 1, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are
not lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not
usually sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or
just to quote a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in
hand, e.g. by substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application
of a formula without the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some
cases an M mark can be implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or
implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are
several B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a
particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme.
When two or more steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and
full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only.
A and B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from
incorrect working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt
whether a candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt.
Unless otherwise indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong
working following a correct form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the
scheme specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f.,
or which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated
above, an A or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from
incorrect working. For Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which
arise from taking g equal to 9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that
the detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely
clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error
is allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a
case where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a
particular circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or

part question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question
remain unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through "
marks. MR is not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is
regarded as an error in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular
cases if agreed at the coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The

PA 1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
1 (N.B. Not , , ) Let roots be , , and .

Writes down sum of roots, (1) 2 + 0 M1

sum of products in pairs (2) 2 + 2 p A1

and product of roots. (3) 2 q A1

From (1) 2

Eliminates ( or ). (2) 4 2 + 2 p p 3 2

(3) 2 3 qq 2 3 M1
3 2
p q
Equates power of ( or ) 6
3
4 p + 27q
2
0 (AG) A1 5
3 2 [5]

2 i j k
3 2 1 i 10 j 17k M1
Finds a b
A1
4 3 2

1 2 1
Finds area of base. 1 + ( 10) 2 + ( 17) 2 390 ( = 9.87) A1 3
2 2

(3i j k ).(i 10 j 17 k ) 30
Attempts to find height Height = M1
12 + ( 10) 2 + ( 17) 2 390
( = 1.519)

1 1 30
Finds volume 390 5 A1 2
3 2 390 [5]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
3 dn x
n
n
Proves base case. Hn : (e sin x) 2 2 e x sin x +
dx n 4

d x
(e sin x) sin xe x + e x cos x M1
dx
1
sin x cos x
2e x + 2 2 e x sin x +
2 2 4
H1 is true. A1
States inductive hypothesis. Assume Hk is true : B1
k
d k +1 x k x k
Proves inductive step. k +1
(e sin x) = 2 2 e x sin x + + e cos x + M1
dx 4 4
k +1
2 ex
1 k 1 k
=2 sin x + + cos x + A1
2 4 2 4

k +1

2 e x sin x
k
2 + +
4 4
k +1
2 ex (k + 1)
=2 sin x + A1
4

x Hk Hk+1
States conclusion. Hence true for all positive integers by PMI A1 7 [7]

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Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
4 (i) 3 4 2 5 3 4 2 5 3 4 2 5

Reduces matrix to echelon 6 7 5 8 ~ 0 1 1 2 ~ 0 1 1 2
9 9 9 9 0 3 3 6 0 0 M1A1
form. 0 0

15 16 14 17 0 4 4 8 0 0
0 0

States rank, R(M) = 2. A1

Basis for range space is:

3 4

6 7
and basis for range space. , (OE) A1 4
9 9
15 16

Alternatively:

3 4 2 5

6 7 5 8
c1 = c2 = c3 = c4 =
9 9 9 9

15 16 14 17

Shows linear dependence. 2c1 = c2 + c3 and c4 = c1 + c2 c3 lin. dep. M1

Finds a lin. indep. set. but any two e.g. c1, and c2 are lin. indep. A1
States rank Hence R(M) = 2 A1
and basis for range space. Basis of range space is {c1, c2} A1

(ii) Forms equations. 3x + 4y + 2z + 5t = 0 M1

y + z 2t = 0
(Gives two parameter (t = , z = , y = 2 , x = 2)
solution.)
1 2 3 0

States basis of null space. Basis of null space is 2 , 1 or 0 , 3 A1A1 3

0 1 2 1

1 0
1 2

(Or by reducing transpose to or any two of the above four vectors.

echelon form, or by any
other valid method.). [7]

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Page 7 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark

5 (i) One mark for each side. 3x 2 6 y 2 y 3 y + 3 xy B1B1

3
Substitutes (2,1) 12 6 y 3 + 6 y y B1 3
4

(ii) One mark for differentiating 6x {6 y 2

y + 12 y ( y ) 2 } 3 y + 3 y + 3 xy B1B1
both 1st and 3rd terms. One B1
mark for each of 2nd and 4th
terms.
27 9 9 3 1
Substitute (2,1) and 12 (6 y + ) = + + 6 y 12 y = y = B1 4
4 4 4 4 16
3
y (2) .
4 [7]
6 1
1

n
In x (1 x) 2 dx
0

1
2 n 3
2 1
1

n 1
Integrates by parts. x (1 x) 2 + nx (1 x)(1 x) 2 dx M1A1
3 0 3 0

1 1
2n 1 2n 1
Rearranges. 0+
3 0
x n 1 (1 x) 2 dx
3 0
x n (1 x) 2 dx M1A1

2n 2n
In 1 In
3 3

Obtains printed result. (2n + 3) I n 2nI n 1 (AG) A1 5

1
1
1
2 3
2
Evaluates I0. I0 (1
0
x) 2 dx
3
(1 x) 2
0 3
B1

6 4 2 2 32
Uses reduction formula. I3 M1A1 3
9 7 5 3 315 [8]

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Page 8 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
7 Vertical asymptote. x=2 B1 3
2p +5
Divides by (x 2) y x+ p+2+ M1
x 2
Oblique asymptote. y=x+p+2 A1 3

dy x2 4x + 4 2 p 5
Differentiates. M1A1
dx ( x 2) 2

y' = 0 x2 4x (2p + 1) = 0 M1

B2 4AC > 0 16 + 4(2p + 1) > 0 M1

5
p> A1 5
2
Sketches graph. Axes and (0,0.5) marked..
B1
Working to show either Upper Branch with minimum.
B1 3
x2 x + 1 = 0 has no real Lower with maximum below x-axis.
B1
roots, or maximum value. (Deduct at most 1 for poor forms at infinity.) [11]

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Page 9 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
8 Shows required result, using ABe = A e = Ae = e = e M1A1 2
Ae = e.
States eigenvalues from Eigenvalues of C are 1, 1 and 2 B1
leading diagonal.
Finds eigenvectors using i j k 8 1
cross-product or equations.
1 : e1 = 0 1 3 = 0 ~ 0 M1A1
M1A1 for first correct and 0 0
A1 for the other two. 0 2 2

i j k 2 1

1: e2 = 2 1 3 4 ~ 2
0 0 2 0 0

i j k 1

2: e3 = 3 1 3 6 A1 4
0 1 2 3

1 2 1

Uses De = e. D 6 = 12 2 6 M1A1
3 6 3

States eigenvalue. Eigenvalue is 2. A1 3

Recognises that CD has an 1

eigenvector common to C CD has an eigenvector 6 B1
and D and 3

states the corresponding and the corresponding eigenvalue is 2 2 4. B1 2

eigenvalue. [11]

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Page 10 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
9 (i) ln 5

ln 5
(
1 x
e +e x
)dx 1 x
2 e ( e x
)


0 2 0
Uses mean value formula M.V. = M1A1
and integrates. ln 5 0 ln 5

1 1 4
5
2 5 12
Substitutes limits and (= 1.49) M1A1
ln 5 5 ln 5
evaluates.
(ii) 2

Differentiates and finds y =

1 x
2
(
e e x
) 1
1 + ( y) 2 = e x + e ( x
)
M1A1
1 + ( y ) 2 . 2

Integrates and obtains result. s=

2 0 (
1 ln 5 x 1
e + e x dx = e x e
2
) [ 0 ]
x ln 5
M1A1

1 1 12
= 5 =
2 5 5
(iii)
2 (e ) 12 (e )dx
ln 5 1 4
x x x x
Uses surface area formula. S = 2 +e +e M1
0

ln 5
(e 2 x + 2 + e 2x
Integrates. = )dx M1
2 0
ln 5
e2x e 2x

+ 2x
2 2 2 0

25 1 1 1
Substitutes limits and = + 2 ln 5 2 + 0 A1
2 2 50 2

156
evaluates. = + ln 5 (=24.7) A1 4
25 [12]

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Page 11 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
10 C: Closed loop through (5,0) and (1,) B1 3
Correct shape near (1,) B1
Straight line Perpendicular to initial line , through (2,0) B1
(3 + 2cos)cos = 2
Forms quadratic equation in 2cos2 + 3cos 2 = 0 (aef) M1
usual form.
(2cos 1)(cos + 2) = 0
Solves quadratic equation. cos = 0.5 (since cos > 0) A1

Writes down points of Intersections at 4, and 4, . A1A1 4
intersection. 3 3

Calling points of intersection A and B and the pole

O. Required area is two congruent sectors between l
and C plus triangle OAB.
1
Finds required area. Two sectors 2
2
3
(9 + 12 cos + 4 cos 2 )d M1

3
(11 + 12 cos + 2 cos 2 )d A1

[11 + 12 sin + sin 2 ] M1

3

22 13 3
(11.78) A1
3 2

Triangle = 2 3 2 4 3 (6.928) B1

22 5 3
Total Area = (18.708 18.7 (3sf)) A1 6
3 2 [13]

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Page 12 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
11 EITHER
5

Verifies that is a root. cos + i sin + 1 cos + i sin + 1 0 B1
5 5

Factorises. ( 5 + 1) ( + 1)( 4 3 + 2 + 1) 0
1 4 3 +2 +1 0
4 3 +2 1 B1 2

cos + i sin
5 5
4 4
Finds 4 4 cos + i sin cos + sin M1
5 5 5 5

and subtracts. 4 2 cos A1
5
3 3
Finds 3 3 cos + i sin
5 5
2 2 3 3
and 2 2 cos + i sin cos i sin M1
5 5 5 5
3
and subtracts 3 2 2 cos A1 4
5
3 3 1
2 cos 2 cos 1 cos + cos M1A1
5 5 5 5 2
3 1
cos cos ( 4 )( 3 2 ) M1
5 5 4
1 4
( 3 7 + 6 )
4
1 4 1
( 3 + 2 ) A1 4
4 4
3
Equation with roots cos and cos is:
5 5
1 1
Finds required quadratic x2 x 0 or 4 x 2 2x 1 0 M1
equation. 2 4

22 5
Solves for x. x M1A1
8

1+ 5
States required value. cos (since 0 < cos < 1) A1 4
5 4 5 [14]

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Page 13 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 11

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
11 OR
dz dy
Differentiates z x2 y x2 + 2 xy M1
dx dx

d 2z d2y dy
twice. x2 + 4x + 2y A1
dx 2 dx 2
dx

d2y
Rearranges LHS of DE. x2
dx 2
dy
dx
(
+ 4 x(1 + x ) + 2 + 8 x + 4 x 2 y ) M1

2 d2y dy 2 dy 2
x
dx 2 + 4 x dx + 2 y + 4 x dx + 2 xy + 4 x y

d 2z dz
2
+ 4 + 4z 8x 2 (AG) A1 4
dx dx

Finds and solves AQE. m 2 + 4m + 4 0 (m + 2) 2 0 m 2 M1

2x 2x
States CF CF: z Ae + Bxe A1

States form of PI. PI: z ax 2 + bx + c

Differentiates twice, z 2ax + b z 2a M1

substitutes 2a + 8ax + 4b + 4ax 2 + 4bx + 4c 8 x 2 A1

and equates coefficients. 2a + 4b + 4c 0 M1

8a + 4b 0
4a 8
Solves. a 2 b 4 c 3 A1
2x 2x
States GS for zx. z Ae + Bxe + 2x2 4x + 3 M1

A 2x B - 2x 4 3
States GS for yx. y e + e +2 + A1 8
x2 x x x2

2x 1 1
Considers the effect of As x , e , and 2 0 M1
x. x x

y 2 A1 2 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

 www.maxpapers.com

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/12 Paper 1, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are
not lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not
usually sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or
just to quote a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in
hand, e.g. by substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application
of a formula without the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some
cases an M mark can be implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or
implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are
several B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a
particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme.
When two or more steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and
full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only.
A and B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from
incorrect working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt
whether a candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt.
Unless otherwise indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong
working following a correct form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the
scheme specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f.,
or which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated
above, an A or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from
incorrect working. For Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which
arise from taking g equal to 9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

 www.maxpapers.com
Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that
the detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely
clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error
is allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a
case where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a
particular circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or

part question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question
remain unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through "
marks. MR is not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is
regarded as an error in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular
cases if agreed at the coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The

PA 1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
1 (N.B. Not , , ) Let roots be , , and .

Writes down sum of roots, (1) 2 + 0 M1

sum of products in pairs (2) 2 + 2 p A1

and product of roots. (3) 2 q A1

From (1) 2

Eliminates ( or ). (2) 4 2 + 2 p p 3 2

(3) 2 3 qq 2 3 M1
3 2
p q
Equates power of ( or ) 6
3
4 p + 27q
2
0 (AG) A1 5
3 2 [5]

2 i j k
3 2 1 i 10 j 17k M1
Finds a b
A1
4 3 2

1 2 1
Finds area of base. 1 + ( 10) 2 + ( 17) 2 390 ( = 9.87) A1 3
2 2

(3i j k ).(i 10 j 17 k ) 30
Attempts to find height Height = M1
12 + ( 10) 2 + ( 17) 2 390
( = 1.519)

1 1 30
Finds volume 390 5 A1 2
3 2 390 [5]

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Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
3 dn x
n
n
Proves base case. Hn : (e sin x) 2 2 e x sin x +
dx n 4

d x
(e sin x) sin xe x + e x cos x M1
dx
1
sin x cos x
2e x + 2 2 e x sin x +
2 2 4
H1 is true. A1
States inductive hypothesis. Assume Hk is true : B1
k
d k +1 x k x k
Proves inductive step. k +1
(e sin x) = 2 2 e x sin x + + e cos x + M1
dx 4 4
k +1
2 ex
1 k 1 k
=2 sin x + + cos x + A1
2 4 2 4

k +1

2 e x sin x
k
2 + +
4 4
k +1
2 ex (k + 1)
=2 sin x + A1
4

x Hk Hk+1
States conclusion. Hence true for all positive integers by PMI A1 7 [7]

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Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
4 (i) 3 4 2 5 3 4 2 5 3 4 2 5

Reduces matrix to echelon 6 7 5 8 ~ 0 1 1 2 ~ 0 1 1 2
9 9 9 9 0 3 3 6 0 0 M1A1
form. 0 0

15 16 14 17 0 4 4 8 0 0
0 0

States rank, R(M) = 2. A1

Basis for range space is:

3 4

6 7
and basis for range space. , (OE) A1 4
9 9
15 16

Alternatively:

3 4 2 5

6 7 5 8
c1 = c2 = c3 = c4 =
9 9 9 9

15 16 14 17

Shows linear dependence. 2c1 = c2 + c3 and c4 = c1 + c2 c3 lin. dep. M1

Finds a lin. indep. set. but any two e.g. c1, and c2 are lin. indep. A1
States rank Hence R(M) = 2 A1
and basis for range space. Basis of range space is {c1, c2} A1

(ii) Forms equations. 3x + 4y + 2z + 5t = 0 M1

y + z 2t = 0
(Gives two parameter (t = , z = , y = 2 , x = 2)
solution.)
1 2 3 0

States basis of null space. Basis of null space is 2 , 1 or 0 , 3 A1A1 3

0 1 2 1

1 0
1 2

(Or by reducing transpose to or any two of the above four vectors.

echelon form, or by any
other valid method.). [7]

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Page 7 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark

5 (i) One mark for each side. 3x 2 6 y 2 y 3 y + 3 xy B1B1

3
Substitutes (2,1) 12 6 y 3 + 6 y y B1 3
4

(ii) One mark for differentiating 6x {6 y 2

y + 12 y ( y ) 2 } 3 y + 3 y + 3 xy B1B1
both 1st and 3rd terms. One B1
mark for each of 2nd and 4th
terms.
27 9 9 3 1
Substitute (2,1) and 12 (6 y + ) = + + 6 y 12 y = y = B1 4
4 4 4 4 16
3
y (2) .
4 [7]
6 1
1

n
In x (1 x) 2 dx
0

1
2 n 3
2 1
1

n 1
Integrates by parts. x (1 x) 2 + nx (1 x)(1 x) 2 dx M1A1
3 0 3 0

1 1
2n 1 2n 1
Rearranges. 0+
3 0
x n 1 (1 x) 2 dx
3 0
x n (1 x) 2 dx M1A1

2n 2n
In 1 In
3 3

Obtains printed result. (2n + 3) I n 2nI n 1 (AG) A1 5

1
1
1
2 3
2
Evaluates I0. I0 (1
0
x) 2 dx
3
(1 x) 2
0 3
B1

6 4 2 2 32
Uses reduction formula. I3 M1A1 3
9 7 5 3 315 [8]

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Page 8 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
7 Vertical asymptote. x=2 B1 3
2p +5
Divides by (x 2) y x+ p+2+ M1
x 2
Oblique asymptote. y=x+p+2 A1 3

dy x2 4x + 4 2 p 5
Differentiates. M1A1
dx ( x 2) 2

y' = 0 x2 4x (2p + 1) = 0 M1

B2 4AC > 0 16 + 4(2p + 1) > 0 M1

5
p> A1 5
2
Sketches graph. Axes and (0,0.5) marked..
B1
Working to show either Upper Branch with minimum.
B1 3
x2 x + 1 = 0 has no real Lower with maximum below x-axis.
B1
roots, or maximum value. (Deduct at most 1 for poor forms at infinity.) [11]

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Page 9 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
8 Shows required result, using ABe = A e = Ae = e = e M1A1 2
Ae = e.
States eigenvalues from Eigenvalues of C are 1, 1 and 2 B1
leading diagonal.
Finds eigenvectors using i j k 8 1
cross-product or equations.
1 : e1 = 0 1 3 = 0 ~ 0 M1A1
M1A1 for first correct and 0 0
A1 for the other two. 0 2 2

i j k 2 1

1: e2 = 2 1 3 4 ~ 2
0 0 2 0 0

i j k 1

2: e3 = 3 1 3 6 A1 4
0 1 2 3

1 2 1

Uses De = e. D 6 = 12 2 6 M1A1
3 6 3

States eigenvalue. Eigenvalue is 2. A1 3

Recognises that CD has an 1

eigenvector common to C CD has an eigenvector 6 B1
and D and 3

states the corresponding and the corresponding eigenvalue is 2 2 4. B1 2

eigenvalue. [11]

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Page 10 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
9 (i) ln 5

ln 5
(
1 x
e +e x
)dx 1 x
2 e ( e x
)


0 2 0
Uses mean value formula M.V. = M1A1
and integrates. ln 5 0 ln 5

1 1 4
5
2 5 12
Substitutes limits and (= 1.49) M1A1
ln 5 5 ln 5
evaluates.
(ii) 2

Differentiates and finds y =

1 x
2
(
e e x
) 1
1 + ( y) 2 = e x + e ( x
)
M1A1
1 + ( y ) 2 . 2

Integrates and obtains result. s=

2 0 (
1 ln 5 x 1
e + e x dx = e x e
2
) [ 0 ]
x ln 5
M1A1

1 1 12
= 5 =
2 5 5
(iii)
2 (e ) 12 (e )dx
ln 5 1 4
x x x x
Uses surface area formula. S = 2 +e +e M1
0

ln 5
(e 2 x + 2 + e 2x
Integrates. = )dx M1
2 0
ln 5
e2x e 2x

+ 2x
2 2 2 0

25 1 1 1
Substitutes limits and = + 2 ln 5 2 + 0 A1
2 2 50 2

156
evaluates. = + ln 5 (=24.7) A1 4
25 [12]

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Page 11 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
10 C: Closed loop through (5,0) and (1,) B1 3
Correct shape near (1,) B1
Straight line Perpendicular to initial line , through (2,0) B1
(3 + 2cos)cos = 2
Forms quadratic equation in 2cos2 + 3cos 2 = 0 (aef) M1
usual form.
(2cos 1)(cos + 2) = 0
Solves quadratic equation. cos = 0.5 (since cos > 0) A1

Writes down points of Intersections at 4, and 4, . A1A1 4
intersection. 3 3

Calling points of intersection A and B and the pole

O. Required area is two congruent sectors between l
and C plus triangle OAB.
1
Finds required area. Two sectors 2
2
3
(9 + 12 cos + 4 cos 2 )d M1

3
(11 + 12 cos + 2 cos 2 )d A1

[11 + 12 sin + sin 2 ] M1

3

22 13 3
(11.78) A1
3 2

Triangle = 2 3 2 4 3 (6.928) B1

22 5 3
Total Area = (18.708 18.7 (3sf)) A1 6
3 2 [13]

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Page 12 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
11 EITHER
5

Verifies that is a root. cos + i sin + 1 cos + i sin + 1 0 B1
5 5

Factorises. ( 5 + 1) ( + 1)( 4 3 + 2 + 1) 0
1 4 3 +2 +1 0
4 3 +2 1 B1 2

cos + i sin
5 5
4 4
Finds 4 4 cos + i sin cos + sin M1
5 5 5 5

and subtracts. 4 2 cos A1
5
3 3
Finds 3 3 cos + i sin
5 5
2 2 3 3
and 2 2 cos + i sin cos i sin M1
5 5 5 5
3
and subtracts 3 2 2 cos A1 4
5
3 3 1
2 cos 2 cos 1 cos + cos M1A1
5 5 5 5 2
3 1
cos cos ( 4 )( 3 2 ) M1
5 5 4
1 4
( 3 7 + 6 )
4
1 4 1
( 3 + 2 ) A1 4
4 4
3
Equation with roots cos and cos is:
5 5
1 1
Finds required quadratic x2 x 0 or 4 x 2 2x 1 0 M1
equation. 2 4

22 5
Solves for x. x M1A1
8

1+ 5
States required value. cos (since 0 < cos < 1) A1 4
5 4 5 [14]

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Page 13 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 12

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Mark
11 OR
dz dy
Differentiates z x2 y x2 + 2 xy M1
dx dx

d 2z d2y dy
twice. x2 + 4x + 2y A1
dx 2 dx 2
dx

d2y
Rearranges LHS of DE. x2
dx 2
dy
dx
(
+ 4 x(1 + x ) + 2 + 8 x + 4 x 2 y ) M1

2 d2y dy 2 dy 2
x
dx 2 + 4 x dx + 2 y + 4 x dx + 2 xy + 4 x y

d 2z dz
2
+ 4 + 4z 8x 2 (AG) A1 4
dx dx

Finds and solves AQE. m 2 + 4m + 4 0 (m + 2) 2 0 m 2 M1

2x 2x
States CF CF: z Ae + Bxe A1

States form of PI. PI: z ax 2 + bx + c

Differentiates twice, z 2ax + b z 2a M1

substitutes 2a + 8ax + 4b + 4ax 2 + 4bx + 4c 8 x 2 A1

and equates coefficients. 2a + 4b + 4c 0 M1

8a + 4b 0
4a 8
Solves. a 2 b 4 c 3 A1
2x 2x
States GS for zx. z Ae + Bxe + 2x2 4x + 3 M1

A 2x B - 2x 4 3
States GS for yx. y e + e +2 + A1 8
x2 x x x2

2x 1 1
Considers the effect of As x , e , and 2 0 M1
x. x x

y 2 A1 2 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/13 Paper 1, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are
not lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not
usually sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or
just to quote a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in
hand, e.g. by substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application
of a formula without the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some
cases an M mark can be implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or
implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are
several B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a
particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme.
When two or more steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and
full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only.
A and B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from
incorrect working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt
whether a candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt.
Unless otherwise indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong
working following a correct form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the
scheme specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f.,
or which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated
above, an A or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from
incorrect working. For Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which
arise from taking g equal to 9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that
the detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely
clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error
is allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a
case where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a
particular circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or

part question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question
remain unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through "
marks. MR is not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is
regarded as an error in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular
cases if agreed at the coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The

PA 1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

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Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
1 1 1 n 2 + 2n + 1 n 2 2n + 1
Verifies result. (AG) B1 1
n2 (n + 1) 2 n 2 (n + 1) 2 n (n + 1) 2
2

1 1 1 1 1 1
Uses difference method SN 2 + + ....... + 2 M1
1 22 22 2
3 N ( N + 1)
2

1
to sum. 1 A1 2
( N + 1) 2

Considers difference 1
16 16
between sum and sum to S S N < 10 < 10 M1
infinity. ( N + 1) 2

( N + 1) > 10 8 A1

Solves inequality. least N 10 8 A1 3 [6]

2 dn 1 n n!2 n
States proposition. Pn : ( 1)
dx n 2 x + 3 (2 x + 3) n +1

d 1 2
Proves base case. ( 1)(2 x + 3) 2 M1
dx 2 x + 3

1!2
( 1) P1 is true. A1
(2 x + 3) 2

States inductive hypothesis. Assume Pk is true.

dk 1 k k!2 k
i.e. ( 1) B1
dx k 2 x + 3 (2 x + 3) k +1
k
d k +1 1 k +1 2( k + 1) k!2
Shows Pk Pk +1 . ( 1) M1
dx k +1 2 x + 3 (2 x + 3) k + 2

(k + 1)!2 k +1
( 1) k +1 A1
(2 x + 3) k + 2

Pk Pk +1

States conclusion. Since P1 is true and Pk Pk +1 , hence by the principle of A1 6

+
mathematical induction Pn is true n Z . [6]

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Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
3 Uses 5 3 B1

2
( ) 2
2 2
( 5) 2 2 ( 3) 31 M1A1 3

1

Evaluates determinant. Det 1 = 1 ( 2 + 2 + 2 ) + 2 M1A1
1

( 15) 15

1 31 + 2 15 M1
Shows it is zero. = 0 matrix is singular. A1 4 [7]
4 dy y
6 sin 2t 3
Finds first derivative. tan 2t M1A1
dx x
4 cos 2t 2

dy 3 3
Evaluates. When t , A1 3
3 dx 2

d2y d dy dt 1
(ii) Finds second derivative. 2
3 sec 2 2t sec 2t M1A1
dx dt dx dx 4

3
sec 3 2t A1
4

d2y 3
Evaluates. When t , 2
8 6 A1 4
3 dx 4 [7]
Alternatively
(i) Finds cartesian equation and x y
2 2
9x 9 2 3 3 3 M1A1
+ 1 y 3
differentiates implicitly. 2 3 4y 4 3 2 A1

(ii) Differentiates again.

1 2
2 9
[
+ ( y ) 2 + yy ] 0
1 3
+
2 2
1
3
y y 6
M1A2
A1
4
[7]

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Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
5 Binomial expansion and (z + z 1 )4 ( z 4 + z 4 ) + 4( z 2 + z 2 ) + 6 , M1A1
groups.
where z (cos + i sin ) .

Uses de Ms Thm. (2 cos ) 4 2 cos 4 + 8 cos 2 + 6 M1

1 1 3
Simplifies cos 4 cos 4 + cos 2 + A1 4
8 2 8

1 1 3
Integrates result 0
4 cos 4 d 0
4
cos 4 + cos 2 + d
8 2 8
M1

sin 4 sin 2 3 4
32 + 4 + 8
correctly. A1
0

1 3
Evaluates. + A1 3
4 32 [7]
6 Forms auxiliary equation m = 2 m2 + 4m + 4 = 0 M1
2
and factorises. (m + 2) = 0

States CF. CF: Ae -2t + Bte -2t A1

States form of PI PI: x p sin 2t + q cos 2t M1

and differentiates twice. x
2 p cos 2t 2q sin 2t ;
x
4 p sin 2t 4q cos 2t

1
Compares coefficients and 8q 1 ; 8p 0 q ; p 0 M1A1
solves. 8

2t 2t 1
States GS. GS: x Ae + Bte cos 2t A1 6
8
2t 2t
Reason. As t e and te 0 B1
1
Behaviour. Hence x oscillates. ( Accept x cos 2t .) B1 2
8 [8]

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Page 7 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
7
Differentiates.
d
dt
{
t(1 + t 3 ) n } 3t 3 n(1 + t 3 ) n 1 + (1 + t 3 ) n B1

Rearranges. 3n(1 + t 3 1)(1 + t 3 ) n 1 + (1 + t 3 ) n M1

(3n + 1)(1 + t 3 ) n 3n(1 + t 3 ) n 1

(AG) A1 3

Integrates wrt t. (3n + 1) I n [t (1 + t )]

3 1
0 + 3nI n 1 M1

Obtains reduction formula. (3n + 1) I n 2 n + 3nI n 1 (AG) A1 2

Evaluates I1 (or I0 ) directly. I1

1

0
(1 + t 3 ) dt [t + 0.25t ] 4 1
0 = 1.25 B1M1
Uses reduction formula.
23
Obtains I2. 7I 2 4 + 6 1.25 I 2 A1
14
23 319
Obtains I3. 10 I 3 8 + 9 I3 ( = 2.28) A1 4
14 140 [9]
8 Sketches graph. Arc above initial line. B1
Arc below initial line. B1 2
1 2 1 1
Uses
2r d
2
(1 + sin ) 2 d =
2
(1 + 2 sin + sin 2 ) d M1

1 3 1
Uses double angle formula. =
2 2
+ 2 sin
2
cos 2 d

M1

1 3 1
Integrates. = 2 cos sin 2 + c M1A1
2 2 4

1 3 1 2 3
Inserts limits. A1 = 2 cos sin 2 +1 M1A1
2 2 4 0 8

0
1 3 1 3
A2 = 2 cos sin 2 1 A1
2 2 4 8
2

3 3
n + 1 1 12.2 (1d.p.) A1 8
8 8 [10]

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Page 8 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
9 Finds normal to plane. i j k
2 1 1 i 9 j 7k M1A1
1 3 4

(i) Deduces equation. :: x 9 y 7z constant

Sub e.g. (1, 1, 2) constant = 4

:: x 9 y 7 z 4 M1A1 4

General point on line l: x 6 + 2 y 2+ z 1 4

inserted in plane equation to
find .
Sub in 6 + 2 + 18 9 7 + 28 4 M1

1 A1
Position vector of intersection is 4i 3j + 5k. A1 3
(ii) Distance of point from plane 6 + 18 7 + 4 (2i + j 4k ).(i 9 j 7 k )
formula or triple scalar Either Or M1A1
product method. 1 + 81 + 49 1 + 81 + 49

21
(=1.83) A1 3
131
(iii) Scalar product to find (2i + j 4k ).(i 9 j 7 k ) 21 M1
complement of angle.

4 + 1 + 16 1 + 81 + 49 sin A1

21
sin 23.6 0 or 0.412 rad. A1 3
131 [13]

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Page 9 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
10 Intersections with axes. (1,0) , (2,0) B1
2
(0,1) B1

yx 2 + 5 xy + 10 y 5x 2 5 x 10

Rearranges as a quadratic ( y 5) x 2 + (5 y + 5) x + 10( y + 1) 0

equation.

Uses discriminant. For real x b 2 4ac 0

(5 y + 5) 2 40( y 5)( y + 1) 0 M1A1

Solves inequality. ( y 15)( y + 1) 0 1 y 15 (AG) M1A1 4

Finds turning points. y 1 x 0 y 15 x 4 M1A1

A1
Turning points are (-4,15) and (0,1)
y = 5. B1
States asymptote. Axes and asymptote correct B1
Sketches graph. Graph correct. B1B1 7 [13]
11 EITHER
3
0
ydx 2 3 2 2
5
x 3
3

Uses formula for mean value Mean value = x2 M1M1

and integrates y wrt x, 3 0 3 15 A1
0

2 2 4 3
to obtain result. = 3 3 9 3 (= 0.462) A1 4
3 15 15

1 1 ds 11
Uses 1 + ( y ) 2 y x 1+ 2 + x B1
2 x 2 dx 4 x

ds 11 1 1
and obtains result. + 2 + x + x (AG) B1
dx 4 x 2 x 2
3
3 1 2 2
1 1 3
1 x dx M1A1
Uses correct formula and
integrates to find arc length.
s
2 0

2 + x2



2
2 x + x
3
= 2 3 (= 3.46)
M1A1
6
0

3 1 2 1 1 2
1 3 1 1
Uses correct formula and S 2 x 2 x x 2 + x dx M1
0 3 2 2
integrates to obtain surface
area.
3
3 2 1 2 1 2 1 3
1 + x
0 3
x dx
3 x + 3 x

x
9 0
3 (OE) M1A1 4
M1 [14]

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Page 10 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 13

Qu Commentary Solution Marks Part Total

No Marks
OR

Forms characteristic Det(A I) = 0 3 62 + 11 6 0 M1A1

equation.
Solves. 1,2,3 A1A1

Finds eigenvectors via e1 = 2j + k , e2 = i + j , e3 = 2i + 2j + k M1A1 7

equations or cross-products. A1
States equation of plane. r = se + tf B1
A(se + tf) = sAe + tAf = (s)e + (t)f M1A1 3
Cross-products of Either e1 e2 = i + j + 2k x y 2z = 0 M1A1
eigenvectors to obtain other e1 e3 = 2i j 2k 2x y 2z = 0 A1
plane equations. e2 e 3 = i j xy=0 A1 4 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/21 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are not
lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not usually
sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or just to quote
a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in hand, e.g. by
substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application of a formula without
the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some cases an M mark can be
implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are several
B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a particular M or B
mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme. When two or more
steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only. A and
B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from incorrect
working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt whether a
candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt. Unless otherwise
indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working following a correct
form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the scheme
specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f., or
which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated above, an A
or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from incorrect working. For
Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which arise from taking g equal to
9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that the
detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error is
allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a case
where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a particular
circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or part

question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question remain
unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through " marks. MR is
not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is regarded as an error
in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular cases if agreed at the
coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The PA

1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

1 Find tangential acceleration: 2t = 8 B1

Find radial acceleration: (42 12) 2/2 = 8 B1
Combine to give magnitude of acceleration: (82 + 82) = 82 or 113 [ms 2] M1 A1 4 [4]

2 Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at first point: V2 = 2 (A2 52) B1

Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at second point: (9/25)V2 = 2 (A2 92) B1
Combine to find amplitude A: 25(A2 81) = 9(A2 25)
A.G. 16 A2 = 25 72, A = 152/2 M1 A1 4

Find using vmax = A: = (32)/(152/2) = 2/5 M1

Find V using one of earlier eqns: V2 = (4/25) (225/2 25) = 14
V = 14 or 374 M1 A1 3 [7]

3 (i) Use conservation of energy: mv2 = mu2 mga (1 + cos ) B1

[v2 = 2ag (1 cos )]
Equate radial forces [may imply R = 0]: mv2/a = mg cos + R M1
Take R = 0 when contact lost: mv2/a = mg cos [v2 = ag cos ] A1
Eliminate v2 and replace u2 by 4ag: 4mg 2mg (1 + cos ) = mg cos M1
Solve for cos : cos = 2/3 A.G. A1 5

(ii) Find further height h2 risen: h2 = v2 sin2 /2g M1

Substitute for v and : = (2ag/3) (5/9)/2g = 5a/27 M1 A1
Find total height risen above centre O: a cos + h2 = 23a/27 B1 4 [9]

4 Use conservation of momentum: 3mvQ = mu + 3kmu M1 A1

Use Newtons law of restitution: vQ = e(u ku) M1 A1
Eliminate vQ to find e: e = (3k + 1)/3(1 k) A.G. M1 A1 6

Relate K.E. after and before collision: 3mvQ2 = m (u2 + 3k2u2) M1 A1

Replace vQ by (1 + 3k)u and rearrange: (1 + 3k)2 = 2(1 + 3k2)
3k2 + 6k 1 = 0 M1 A1
Find root k with 0 < k < 1: A.G. k = (6 + 48)/6 = (23 3) A1 5
(Simply substituting given k earns M1 A0 A1) [11]

5 Find MI of sphere about diameter: IC = (2/5) 3M (2a)2 [= 24Ma2/5] M1

Find MI of sphere about axis through O: IC + 3Ma2 [= 39Ma2/5] M1
Find MI of particle about axis through O: M (3a) 2
[= 45Ma2/5] B1
Sum to find MI of system about O: I = 84 Ma /5 A.G.
2
A1 4

(i) State eqn of motion (A.E.F.): I d2 /dt2 = 3Mg a sin

Mg 3a sin M1 A1
Put sin (implied by using SHM): I d2 /dt2 = 6Mga M1
[ d2 /dt2 = (5g/14a) ]
Find approx. period T from SHM formula: T = 2 /(6Mga/(84 Ma2/5))
(A.E.F.) = 2 (14a/5g) or 105(a/g) M1 A1 5

(ii) Use appropriate SHM formula: = cos t M1

Find time t to = : t = (1/) cos 1 = (1/) (/3)
= (/3) (14a/5g) M1 A1 3

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

6 Integrate to find F(x) for 1 x 3: F(x) = (x 1) B1

State F(x) for other intervals of x: 0 (x < 1), 1 (x > 3) B1 2

(i) Relate dist. fn. G(y) of Y to X: G(y) = P(Y < y) = P(X 3 < y)
(working may be omitted) = P(X < y1/3) = F(y1/3)
= (y1/3 1) M1 A1
Differentiate to find g(y): g(y) = y 2/3/6 (1 y 27)
[= 0 otherwise] B1 3

(ii) Find expected value of Y (or X3): E(Y) = 127 y (y 2/3/6) dy

= [y4/3/8] 127 or [x4/8] 13
= (81 1)/8 = 10 B1
Find variance of Y: E(Y 2) = 127 y2 (y 2/3/6) dy
= [y7/3/14] 127 or [x7/14] 13
= (2187 1)/14 = 1093/7
Var (Y) = E(Y 2) 102
= 393/7 or 561[4] M1 A1 3 [8]

7 State or find value of : = 1/2000 or 00005 B1

Find p = P(T 1000): 1 01000 e t dt = 1 + [e t]01000
= e 05 = 0607 M1 A1 3

Find P(N = 1) where N of the 6 bulbs have T <1000: P(N = 1) = 6 p5 (1p) [= 0194] B1
Hence find P(N 1): P(N 1) = P(N = 1) + p6 = 0244 M1 A1 3

Formulate inequality for new : 0001 > 04 e t dt M1

= [e t]04 = 1 e 4 A1
4 > ln 0999 A1
Find minimum mean from 1/: 1/ > 4/ln 0999, min is 4000 M1 A1 5 [11]

8 (i) Find value of k by integrating f(x): [kx3] 06 = 1, k = 3/63 = 1/72 B1

State and evaluate expression for a: A.G. a = 216 [kx3]23 = 33 23 = 19 B1
Find b and c: b = 216 [kx3]34 = 37,
(MR: f(x) as distn. of table: max 3/4) c = 216 [kx3]45 or 216155 = 61 M1 A1 4

(ii) State (at least) null hypothesis: H0: f(x) fits data (A.E.F.) B1
Combine first 2 cells since exp. value < 5: O: 4 ...
E: 8 ... B1
Calculate (to 2 dp ):
2
= 669[4]
2
M1 *A1
Compare consistent tabular value (to 2 dp): 4, 0.9 2 = 7779
[or if 3 or 0 cells combined: 3, 0.9 2 = 6251, 5, 0.9 2 = 9236] *B1
Valid method for reaching conclusion: Accept H0 if 2 < tabular value M1
Conclusion (A.E.F., dep *A1, *B1): 669 < 778 so f(x) does fit A1 7 [11]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

9 Calculate sample mean: d = 2623/5 = 5246 M1

Estimate population variance using 1st sample: s12 = (1376081 26232/5)/4
(allow biased here: 1104 or 33232) [= 138 or 37152 ] M1
Find confidence interval (allow z in place of t) e.g.: 5246 t (138/5) M1
(inconsistent use of 4 or 5 loses M1)
Use of correct tabular value: t4, 0.975 = 2776 (2 d.p.) A1
Evaluate C.I. correct to 3 s.f. (needs correct s, t): 5246 46[1] or [5200, 5292] A1 5

State hypotheses: H0: b = a , H1: b a B1

Estimate population variance using 2nd sample: s22 = (2720780 52162/10)/9
(allow biased here: 1144 or 33822) [= 572/45 or 12711 or 35652] M1
Estimate population variance for combined sample: s2 = (4138 + 91271)/13
= 848/65 or 1305 M1 A1
Calculate value of t (to 2 dp): t = (5246 5216)/( s(5 + 10 ))
1 1

= 152 M1 *A1
Compare with correct tabular t value: t13, 0.95 = 177[1] *B1
Correct conclusion (AEF, dep *A1, *B1): No difference in means B1 8 [13]

10a Take moments about P for system [i.e. rod]: FA h = Wa cos M1 A1

Take moments about B for rod: FA 2a sin + Wa cos
= RA 2a cos M1 A1
Eliminate FA to give RA : RA = W + (Wa sin )/h M1
Find inequality for : FA/RA
2a cos /(h + 2a sin ) A.G. M1 A1 7

(i) Use kW = T to express in terms of FA or RA : kW = FA /sin or (W RA)/cos M1

Substitute for FA or RA : k = (a/h) cot
or ( (a/h) sin )/cos M1 A1
Substitute for h and : k = 5/6 or 0373 A1 4

(ii) Find horizontal component NP : NP = T sin or kW sin M1

Substitute for k and : (5/6)(2/3)W = 5W/9 or 0248W M1 A1 3 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 7 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 21

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

10b (i) Use regression line or 1st normal eqn, e.g.: y/5 = 25 x/5 15 B1
Use data to substitute for x and y: 11 + p + q = 25 15 5 15
p + q = 375 75 11 = 19 A.G. M1 A1 3

(ii) Use formula for b or 2nd normal eqn: 25 = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/(61 152/5)
or 32+2p+6q = 2561 1515 M2 A1
(A.E.F.) p + 3q = 49 (or 3q p = 41) A1
Solve any two simultaneous eqns for p, q: p = 4, q = 15 M1 A1 6

(iii) Find correlation coefficient r:

r = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/{(61 152/5) (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} M1
= (130 15 30/5)/{(61 152/5) (290 302/5)} A1
or 25{(61 152/5)/ (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} (M1)
= 25 {(61 152/5)/ (290 302/5)} (A1)
= 40/(16110) or 25(16/110) = 0953 A1 3

(iv) (a) State eqn of actual regression line: y = 025x 15 B1

(b) State new value of r or say unchanged: Same value as found in (iii) B1 2 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

 www.maxpapers.com

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/22 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are not
lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not usually
sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or just to quote
a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in hand, e.g. by
substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application of a formula without
the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some cases an M mark can be
implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are several
B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a particular M or B
mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme. When two or more
steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only. A and
B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from incorrect
working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt whether a
candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt. Unless otherwise
indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working following a correct
form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the scheme
specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f., or
which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated above, an A
or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from incorrect working. For
Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which arise from taking g equal to
9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 3 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that the
detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error is
allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a case
where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a particular
circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or part

question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question remain
unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through " marks. MR is
not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is regarded as an error
in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular cases if agreed at the
coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The PA

1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

 www.maxpapers.com
Page 4 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

1 Find tangential acceleration: 2t = 8 B1

Find radial acceleration: (42 12) 2/2 = 8 B1
Combine to give magnitude of acceleration: (82 + 82) = 82 or 113 [ms 2] M1 A1 4 [4]

2 Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at first point: V2 = 2 (A2 52) B1

Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at second point: (9/25)V2 = 2 (A2 92) B1
Combine to find amplitude A: 25(A2 81) = 9(A2 25)
A.G. 16 A2 = 25 72, A = 152/2 M1 A1 4

Find using vmax = A: = (32)/(152/2) = 2/5 M1

Find V using one of earlier eqns: V2 = (4/25) (225/2 25) = 14
V = 14 or 374 M1 A1 3 [7]

3 (i) Use conservation of energy: mv2 = mu2 mga (1 + cos ) B1

[v2 = 2ag (1 cos )]
Equate radial forces [may imply R = 0]: mv2/a = mg cos + R M1
Take R = 0 when contact lost: mv2/a = mg cos [v2 = ag cos ] A1
Eliminate v2 and replace u2 by 4ag: 4mg 2mg (1 + cos ) = mg cos M1
Solve for cos : cos = 2/3 A.G. A1 5

(ii) Find further height h2 risen: h2 = v2 sin2 /2g M1

Substitute for v and : = (2ag/3) (5/9)/2g = 5a/27 M1 A1
Find total height risen above centre O: a cos + h2 = 23a/27 B1 4 [9]

4 Use conservation of momentum: 3mvQ = mu + 3kmu M1 A1

Use Newtons law of restitution: vQ = e(u ku) M1 A1
Eliminate vQ to find e: e = (3k + 1)/3(1 k) A.G. M1 A1 6

Relate K.E. after and before collision: 3mvQ2 = m (u2 + 3k2u2) M1 A1

Replace vQ by (1 + 3k)u and rearrange: (1 + 3k)2 = 2(1 + 3k2)
3k2 + 6k 1 = 0 M1 A1
Find root k with 0 < k < 1: A.G. k = (6 + 48)/6 = (23 3) A1 5
(Simply substituting given k earns M1 A0 A1) [11]

5 Find MI of sphere about diameter: IC = (2/5) 3M (2a)2 [= 24Ma2/5] M1

Find MI of sphere about axis through O: IC + 3Ma2 [= 39Ma2/5] M1
Find MI of particle about axis through O: M (3a) 2
[= 45Ma2/5] B1
Sum to find MI of system about O: I = 84 Ma /5 A.G.
2
A1 4

(i) State eqn of motion (A.E.F.): I d2 /dt2 = 3Mg a sin

Mg 3a sin M1 A1
Put sin (implied by using SHM): I d2 /dt2 = 6Mga M1
[ d2 /dt2 = (5g/14a) ]
Find approx. period T from SHM formula: T = 2 /(6Mga/(84 Ma2/5))
(A.E.F.) = 2 (14a/5g) or 105(a/g) M1 A1 5

(ii) Use appropriate SHM formula: = cos t M1

Find time t to = : t = (1/) cos 1 = (1/) (/3)
= (/3) (14a/5g) M1 A1 3

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 5 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

6 Integrate to find F(x) for 1 x 3: F(x) = (x 1) B1

State F(x) for other intervals of x: 0 (x < 1), 1 (x > 3) B1 2

(i) Relate dist. fn. G(y) of Y to X: G(y) = P(Y < y) = P(X 3 < y)
(working may be omitted) = P(X < y1/3) = F(y1/3)
= (y1/3 1) M1 A1
Differentiate to find g(y): g(y) = y 2/3/6 (1 y 27)
[= 0 otherwise] B1 3

(ii) Find expected value of Y (or X3): E(Y) = 127 y (y 2/3/6) dy

= [y4/3/8] 127 or [x4/8] 13
= (81 1)/8 = 10 B1
Find variance of Y: E(Y 2) = 127 y2 (y 2/3/6) dy
= [y7/3/14] 127 or [x7/14] 13
= (2187 1)/14 = 1093/7
Var (Y) = E(Y 2) 102
= 393/7 or 561[4] M1 A1 3 [8]

7 State or find value of : = 1/2000 or 00005 B1

Find p = P(T 1000): 1 01000 e t dt = 1 + [e t]01000
= e 05 = 0607 M1 A1 3

Find P(N = 1) where N of the 6 bulbs have T <1000: P(N = 1) = 6 p5 (1p) [= 0194] B1
Hence find P(N 1): P(N 1) = P(N = 1) + p6 = 0244 M1 A1 3

Formulate inequality for new : 0001 > 04 e t dt M1

= [e t]04 = 1 e 4 A1
4 > ln 0999 A1
Find minimum mean from 1/: 1/ > 4/ln 0999, min is 4000 M1 A1 5 [11]

8 (i) Find value of k by integrating f(x): [kx3] 06 = 1, k = 3/63 = 1/72 B1

State and evaluate expression for a: A.G. a = 216 [kx3]23 = 33 23 = 19 B1
Find b and c: b = 216 [kx3]34 = 37,
(MR: f(x) as distn. of table: max 3/4) c = 216 [kx3]45 or 216155 = 61 M1 A1 4

(ii) State (at least) null hypothesis: H0: f(x) fits data (A.E.F.) B1
Combine first 2 cells since exp. value < 5: O: 4 ...
E: 8 ... B1
Calculate (to 2 dp ):
2
= 669[4]
2
M1 *A1
Compare consistent tabular value (to 2 dp): 4, 0.9 2 = 7779
[or if 3 or 0 cells combined: 3, 0.9 2 = 6251, 5, 0.9 2 = 9236] *B1
Valid method for reaching conclusion: Accept H0 if 2 < tabular value M1
Conclusion (A.E.F., dep *A1, *B1): 669 < 778 so f(x) does fit A1 7 [11]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 6 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

9 Calculate sample mean: d = 2623/5 = 5246 M1

Estimate population variance using 1st sample: s12 = (1376081 26232/5)/4
(allow biased here: 1104 or 33232) [= 138 or 37152 ] M1
Find confidence interval (allow z in place of t) e.g.: 5246 t (138/5) M1
(inconsistent use of 4 or 5 loses M1)
Use of correct tabular value: t4, 0.975 = 2776 (2 d.p.) A1
Evaluate C.I. correct to 3 s.f. (needs correct s, t): 5246 46[1] or [5200, 5292] A1 5

State hypotheses: H0: b = a , H1: b a B1

Estimate population variance using 2nd sample: s22 = (2720780 52162/10)/9
(allow biased here: 1144 or 33822) [= 572/45 or 12711 or 35652] M1
Estimate population variance for combined sample: s2 = (4138 + 91271)/13
= 848/65 or 1305 M1 A1
Calculate value of t (to 2 dp): t = (5246 5216)/( s(5 + 10 ))
1 1

= 152 M1 *A1
Compare with correct tabular t value: t13, 0.95 = 177[1] *B1
Correct conclusion (AEF, dep *A1, *B1): No difference in means B1 8 [13]

10a Take moments about P for system [i.e. rod]: FA h = Wa cos M1 A1

Take moments about B for rod: FA 2a sin + Wa cos
= RA 2a cos M1 A1
Eliminate FA to give RA : RA = W + (Wa sin )/h M1
Find inequality for : FA/RA
2a cos /(h + 2a sin ) A.G. M1 A1 7

(i) Use kW = T to express in terms of FA or RA : kW = FA /sin or (W RA)/cos M1

Substitute for FA or RA : k = (a/h) cot
or ( (a/h) sin )/cos M1 A1
Substitute for h and : k = 5/6 or 0373 A1 4

(ii) Find horizontal component NP : NP = T sin or kW sin M1

Substitute for k and : (5/6)(2/3)W = 5W/9 or 0248W M1 A1 3 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

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Page 7 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 22

Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

10b (i) Use regression line or 1st normal eqn, e.g.: y/5 = 25 x/5 15 B1
Use data to substitute for x and y: 11 + p + q = 25 15 5 15
p + q = 375 75 11 = 19 A.G. M1 A1 3

(ii) Use formula for b or 2nd normal eqn: 25 = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/(61 152/5)
or 32+2p+6q = 2561 1515 M2 A1
(A.E.F.) p + 3q = 49 (or 3q p = 41) A1
Solve any two simultaneous eqns for p, q: p = 4, q = 15 M1 A1 6

(iii) Find correlation coefficient r:

r = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/{(61 152/5) (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} M1
= (130 15 30/5)/{(61 152/5) (290 302/5)} A1
or 25{(61 152/5)/ (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} (M1)
= 25 {(61 152/5)/ (290 302/5)} (A1)
= 40/(16110) or 25(16/110) = 0953 A1 3

(iv) (a) State eqn of actual regression line: y = 025x 15 B1

(b) State new value of r or say unchanged: Same value as found in (iii) B1 2 [14]

University of Cambridge International Examinations 2011

 www.maxpapers.com

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2011 question paper

for the guidance of teachers

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/23 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes must be read in conjunction with the question papers and the report on the
examination.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions or correspondence in connection with these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2011 question papers for most
IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level syllabuses and some Ordinary Level
syllabuses.
 www.maxpapers.com
Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers version Syllabus Paper
GCE A LEVEL October/November 2011 9231 23

Mark Scheme Notes

Marks are of the following three types:

M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are not
lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not usually
sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or just to quote
a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in hand, e.g. by
substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application of a formula without
the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some cases an M mark can be
implied from a correct answer.

A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained.
Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or implied).

B Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally
independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are several
B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a particular M or B
mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme. When two or more
steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and full credit is given.

The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on
from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only. A and
B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from incorrect
working.

Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0.

B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt whether a
candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt. Unless otherwise
indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working following a correct
form of answer is ignored.

Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the scheme
specifically indicates otherwise.

For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f., or
which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated above, an A
or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from incorrect working. For
Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which arise from taking g equal to
9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

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The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts:

AEF Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable)

AG Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that the
detailed working leading to the result is valid)

BOD Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely clear)

CAO Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error is
allowed)

CWO Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer

ISW Ignore Subsequent Working

MR Misread

PA Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently

accurate)

SOS See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question)

SR Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a case
where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a particular
circumstance)

Penalties

MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or part

question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question remain
unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through " marks. MR is
not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is regarded as an error
in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular cases if agreed at the
coordination meeting.

PA 1 This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The PA

1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

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Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

1 Find tangential acceleration: 2t = 8 B1

Find radial acceleration: (42 12) 2/2 = 8 B1
Combine to give magnitude of acceleration: (82 + 82) = 82 or 113 [ms 2] M1 A1 4 [4]

2 Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at first point: V2 = 2 (A2 52) B1

Apply v2 = 2 (A2 x2) at second point: (9/25)V2 = 2 (A2 92) B1
Combine to find amplitude A: 25(A2 81) = 9(A2 25)
A.G. 16 A2 = 25 72, A = 152/2 M1 A1 4

Find using vmax = A: = (32)/(152/2) = 2/5 M1

Find V using one of earlier eqns: V2 = (4/25) (225/2 25) = 14
V = 14 or 374 M1 A1 3 [7]

3 (i) Use conservation of energy: mv2 = mu2 mga (1 + cos ) B1

[v2 = 2ag (1 cos )]
Equate radial forces [may imply R = 0]: mv2/a = mg cos + R M1
Take R = 0 when contact lost: mv2/a = mg cos [v2 = ag cos ] A1
Eliminate v2 and replace u2 by 4ag: 4mg 2mg (1 + cos ) = mg cos M1
Solve for cos : cos = 2/3 A.G. A1 5

(ii) Find further height h2 risen: h2 = v2 sin2 /2g M1

Substitute for v and : = (2ag/3) (5/9)/2g = 5a/27 M1 A1
Find total height risen above centre O: a cos + h2 = 23a/27 B1 4 [9]

4 Use conservation of momentum: 3mvQ = mu + 3kmu M1 A1

Use Newtons law of restitution: vQ = e(u ku) M1 A1
Eliminate vQ to find e: e = (3k + 1)/3(1 k) A.G. M1 A1 6

Relate K.E. after and before collision: 3mvQ2 = m (u2 + 3k2u2) M1 A1

Replace vQ by (1 + 3k)u and rearrange: (1 + 3k)2 = 2(1 + 3k2)
3k2 + 6k 1 = 0 M1 A1
Find root k with 0 < k < 1: A.G. k = (6 + 48)/6 = (23 3) A1 5
(Simply substituting given k earns M1 A0 A1) [11]

5 Find MI of sphere about diameter: IC = (2/5) 3M (2a)2 [= 24Ma2/5] M1

Find MI of sphere about axis through O: IC + 3Ma2 [= 39Ma2/5] M1
Find MI of particle about axis through O: M (3a) 2
[= 45Ma2/5] B1
Sum to find MI of system about O: I = 84 Ma /5 A.G.
2
A1 4

(i) State eqn of motion (A.E.F.): I d2 /dt2 = 3Mg a sin

Mg 3a sin M1 A1
Put sin (implied by using SHM): I d2 /dt2 = 6Mga M1
[ d2 /dt2 = (5g/14a) ]
Find approx. period T from SHM formula: T = 2 /(6Mga/(84 Ma2/5))
(A.E.F.) = 2 (14a/5g) or 105(a/g) M1 A1 5

(ii) Use appropriate SHM formula: = cos t M1

Find time t to = : t = (1/) cos 1 = (1/) (/3)
= (/3) (14a/5g) M1 A1 3

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Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

6 Integrate to find F(x) for 1 x 3: F(x) = (x 1) B1

State F(x) for other intervals of x: 0 (x < 1), 1 (x > 3) B1 2

(i) Relate dist. fn. G(y) of Y to X: G(y) = P(Y < y) = P(X 3 < y)
(working may be omitted) = P(X < y1/3) = F(y1/3)
= (y1/3 1) M1 A1
Differentiate to find g(y): g(y) = y 2/3/6 (1 y 27)
[= 0 otherwise] B1 3

(ii) Find expected value of Y (or X3): E(Y) = 127 y (y 2/3/6) dy

= [y4/3/8] 127 or [x4/8] 13
= (81 1)/8 = 10 B1
Find variance of Y: E(Y 2) = 127 y2 (y 2/3/6) dy
= [y7/3/14] 127 or [x7/14] 13
= (2187 1)/14 = 1093/7
Var (Y) = E(Y 2) 102
= 393/7 or 561[4] M1 A1 3 [8]

7 State or find value of : = 1/2000 or 00005 B1

Find p = P(T 1000): 1 01000 e t dt = 1 + [e t]01000
= e 05 = 0607 M1 A1 3

Find P(N = 1) where N of the 6 bulbs have T <1000: P(N = 1) = 6 p5 (1p) [= 0194] B1
Hence find P(N 1): P(N 1) = P(N = 1) + p6 = 0244 M1 A1 3

Formulate inequality for new : 0001 > 04 e t dt M1

= [e t]04 = 1 e 4 A1
4 > ln 0999 A1
Find minimum mean from 1/: 1/ > 4/ln 0999, min is 4000 M1 A1 5 [11]

8 (i) Find value of k by integrating f(x): [kx3] 06 = 1, k = 3/63 = 1/72 B1

State and evaluate expression for a: A.G. a = 216 [kx3]23 = 33 23 = 19 B1
Find b and c: b = 216 [kx3]34 = 37,
(MR: f(x) as distn. of table: max 3/4) c = 216 [kx3]45 or 216155 = 61 M1 A1 4

(ii) State (at least) null hypothesis: H0: f(x) fits data (A.E.F.) B1
Combine first 2 cells since exp. value < 5: O: 4 ...
E: 8 ... B1
Calculate (to 2 dp ):
2
= 669[4]
2
M1 *A1
Compare consistent tabular value (to 2 dp): 4, 0.9 2 = 7779
[or if 3 or 0 cells combined: 3, 0.9 2 = 6251, 5, 0.9 2 = 9236] *B1
Valid method for reaching conclusion: Accept H0 if 2 < tabular value M1
Conclusion (A.E.F., dep *A1, *B1): 669 < 778 so f(x) does fit A1 7 [11]

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Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

9 Calculate sample mean: d = 2623/5 = 5246 M1

Estimate population variance using 1st sample: s12 = (1376081 26232/5)/4
(allow biased here: 1104 or 33232) [= 138 or 37152 ] M1
Find confidence interval (allow z in place of t) e.g.: 5246 t (138/5) M1
(inconsistent use of 4 or 5 loses M1)
Use of correct tabular value: t4, 0.975 = 2776 (2 d.p.) A1
Evaluate C.I. correct to 3 s.f. (needs correct s, t): 5246 46[1] or [5200, 5292] A1 5

State hypotheses: H0: b = a , H1: b a B1

Estimate population variance using 2nd sample: s22 = (2720780 52162/10)/9
(allow biased here: 1144 or 33822) [= 572/45 or 12711 or 35652] M1
Estimate population variance for combined sample: s2 = (4138 + 91271)/13
= 848/65 or 1305 M1 A1
Calculate value of t (to 2 dp): t = (5246 5216)/( s(5 + 10 ))
1 1

= 152 M1 *A1
Compare with correct tabular t value: t13, 0.95 = 177[1] *B1
Correct conclusion (AEF, dep *A1, *B1): No difference in means B1 8 [13]

10a Take moments about P for system [i.e. rod]: FA h = Wa cos M1 A1

Take moments about B for rod: FA 2a sin + Wa cos
= RA 2a cos M1 A1
Eliminate FA to give RA : RA = W + (Wa sin )/h M1
Find inequality for : FA/RA
2a cos /(h + 2a sin ) A.G. M1 A1 7

(i) Use kW = T to express in terms of FA or RA : kW = FA /sin or (W RA)/cos M1

Substitute for FA or RA : k = (a/h) cot
or ( (a/h) sin )/cos M1 A1
Substitute for h and : k = 5/6 or 0373 A1 4

(ii) Find horizontal component NP : NP = T sin or kW sin M1

Substitute for k and : (5/6)(2/3)W = 5W/9 or 0248W M1 A1 3 [14]

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Question Mark Scheme Details Part Total

Number Mark

10b (i) Use regression line or 1st normal eqn, e.g.: y/5 = 25 x/5 15 B1
Use data to substitute for x and y: 11 + p + q = 25 15 5 15
p + q = 375 75 11 = 19 A.G. M1 A1 3

(ii) Use formula for b or 2nd normal eqn: 25 = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/(61 152/5)
or 32+2p+6q = 2561 1515 M2 A1
(A.E.F.) p + 3q = 49 (or 3q p = 41) A1
Solve any two simultaneous eqns for p, q: p = 4, q = 15 M1 A1 6

(iii) Find correlation coefficient r:

r = (32+2p+6q 1530/5)/{(61 152/5) (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} M1
= (130 15 30/5)/{(61 152/5) (290 302/5)} A1
or 25{(61 152/5)/ (49 + p2 + q2 (11 + p + q)2/5)} (M1)
= 25 {(61 152/5)/ (290 302/5)} (A1)
= 40/(16110) or 25(16/110) = 0953 A1 3

(iv) (a) State eqn of actual regression line: y = 025x 15 B1

(b) State new value of r or say unchanged: Same value as found in (iii) B1 2 [14]

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