The video of my choice for this project was Keep Your Head Up by Tupac Shakur.

The

video is about a young man rapping about the issues within his community and trying to give

hope to the people which the issues in society is affecting. Throughout most of the video he is

talking to women and telling the women population that things will get better and not to lose

hope even if it seems like there is no way out or there is no way of things getting better. Tupac

also goes on to talk to the men population and talks about about how machismo-ism is such a bad

problem that society has in the community he lives in.

August Comtes theory was known as positivism. Its a theory that includes three

mentally conceived stages which are: theological stage, metaphysical stage, and the positive

stage. The theological stage is when we believe that everything is causes because of someone or

something supernatural. In the metaphysical stage, humans attribute affects to abstract the poorly

understood causes. In the positive stage human beings finally understand the scientific laws that

control the world. Positivism is shown in the music video because I believe well Tupac is

rapping to his audience and explaining to them even if they dont have the best things in life that

things will work out eventually. In a part of the song he says, You cant complain, you was dealt

this. Hell of a hand without a man, feelin helpless. And it shows in that part of the song they are

in the third stage of positivism and realism that we cant explain why things happen to us but we

know that they are done for a reason.

Karl Marxs theory was known as the conflict theory. Conflict theory is defined as a

sociological approach that assumes social behavior is best understood in terms of tension

between groups over power or the allocation of resources, including housing, money, access to

services, and political representation(Soc2016). The whole video pretty much displays conflict

and the conflict within society. One specific conflict topic is the conflict between men and
women and the thought that men are strong then women when it comes to playing a big role in

the family or even just in general. But throughout the whole video tupac is giving hope to women

because men in society pretend to be strong but in reality women do so much for the children.

Emile Durkheim was one of the few who played a factor in functionalist. Functionalist is

believed to be when we as a society play a role in how we work things and without each

component we would not be able to function properly because every factor of something or

someone is required. An example of functionalist would be without the law a community would

not work because with the law involves the people living in the community and the police and

also the courts and jails. Without one piece of the whole society, society itself would not work. In

this video I chose, one part where I believe it has to do with functionalist is when tupac says, I

think it's time to kill for our women Time to heal our women, be real to our women and if we

dont well have a race of babies that hate the ladies, that make the babies. This shows as an

example of how everything in society works together because if we have norms or ideas that

arent the best and pass them on to our children and our children grow up to trouble makers and

then thats when the system includes itself and then the government sometimes also and its a

never ending cycle. Especially because functionalist is apart of macrosociology it is such a big

factor on and in society.

The paradigm most represented in the video I chose for this project was Conflict.

Conflict, I believe because throughout the whole song Tupac explained the public issues in

society between man and woman and how it affects our future. He even talks about the private

troubles of people.