ANSWER

1) (a)
(i) The time taken for the air bubble to move 10 cm is lower in Figure 1 (a) than in Figure
1 (b).
(ii) Air movements will carry the water molecules away from the surface of the leaf. This
will increase the rate of loss of water.

(b)
1 2
1 (a) 6 7

1 (b) 15 18

(c) (i),(ii)
1 2 Average Rate of
transpiration
1 (a) 6 7 6.5 1.54

1 (b) 15 18 16.5 0.61

(d)
1. Air movement. Set the fan to different speeds.
2. Rate of transpiration. Measure the time taken for the air bubble to
move 10 cm using a stop watch.
3. Light intensity, temperature, relative Fix all these factors at a constant value.
humidity, plant that is used.

(e) The movement of the air bubble will increase with time.

(f) The higher the air movement, the higher the rate of transpiration.

(g) The rate of the movement of the air bubble represents the rate of transpiration.
(i)
Environmental Factors. Morphological factors.
Temperature, light intensity, relative Size of leaf, number of stoma, thick cuticle.
humidity.
 ANSWER

2) Statementof identified problem.

How can the roots of a plant assist in the uptake and movement of water in the stem?

Objective
To study the effect of root pressure in the movement of water in a plant.

Hypothesis.
The movement of water to the top of a plant can still occur without transpiration.

Variables.
Manipulated variable : Type of plant.
Responding variable : Movement of water in the capillary tube.
Controlled variable : Amount of water added to the pot.

Materials and apparatus :

Potted plant, glass tube, rubber tubing, retort stand, syringe 5 cm3 and 10 cm 3 , plate for
the pot, marker pen.

Procedure.
1. A potted plant was cut 5 cm above the soil level.
2. The glass tube that is fixed with a rubber tubing was connected to the cut potted plant.
3. Another glass tube was fixed to the soil in a pot as a control.
4. About 2 cm3 water was added to the glass tube using a syringe.
5. The initial water level was marked.
6. Water was poured into the pot until the plate was filled with water.
7. The apparatus was left for about 4 hours.
8. The final water level was marked and measured.

Result :
Initial water level = 2.0cm.
Final water level = 2.6cm.
Increase in water level = 0.6cm.

Conclusion :
The water level in the glass tube rises even though there was no leafy twig to
carry out transpiration. This shows the existence of root pressure that forces water up the
glass tube.