Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ImmanuelWallerstein
StudyGuide
Mrs.Speer
aspeer@allsaintsacademy.com
ContemporaryWorld
August2014
Thisstudyguideisbeingpostedinawordformatsoyoumayedititelectronically.Itisintended
towalkyoustepbystepthroughsomeveryrigorousreading.Wallersteinisaddressing
academics.Wewillbeusinghisapproachtochangesinourworldsystemasabasisforour
class.Thatdoesnotmeanwewillaccepthisassertionsastruth.Wewillbereadingthe
thoughtsofmanyacademicsthisyearaswelookattheworldthroughneweyesandcometo
ourownconclusions.
Thisstudyguidewillnotbegraded.Itwill,however,bealaunchpadfordiscussionswhich
WILLbegraded.Thesummerreadingisintendedtoprepareyouforthosediscussionsandyou
willbeallowedtohaveyourstudyguidetohelpguideyourthinking.Takecarefulnotesabout
morethanjustwhatyouseehere,andfeelfreetoexploreanynewideasonyourownthatare
piquedbythisreading.Emailmeifyouhavequestionsorcomments.
KeyTermsarelistedbychapter,andmostcanbefoundinthebooksglossary
ToStart:UnderstandingtheWorldInWhichWeLive
KeyTerms:
exigencies
ephemeral
KeyPeople:
Mrs.Thatcher
MainIdeas:
AccordingtoWallerstein,whattwothingsdominateourworld__________________&
___________________
WhydoestheauthorsaythefalloftheSovietUnioninthe1980sandtheattackontheWorld
TradeTowersin2001werepredictable?
Whataretheboxesinwhichwehavestudiedhistoricalphenomena?
Whatarethethreeimportantturningpointsinourmodernworldsystem?
Whatarethemainargumentsoftheproponentsofworldsystemsanalysis?
Chapter1HistoricalOriginsofWorldSystemsAnalysis:
FromSocialScienceDisciplinestoHistoricalSocialSciences
KeyTerms:
Secular
historiography
hagiography
humanities
empiricists
temporal
modernity
nomotheticdisciplines
idiographicdiscipline
anthropology
tribes
participantobservation
ethnography
highcivilization
esotericskills
philologicalskills
Orientalists
hegemonic/hegemony
development(after1945)
coreperiphery
AnnalesSchool
TheBraudelianera
KeyPeople:
Descartes
Spinoza
empirical
ImmanuelKant
LeopoldRanke
JosephStalin
Krushchev
MauriceDobb
PaulSweezy
HenriPerenne
Braudel
MainIdeas:
Whatwashappeninginthemideighteenthcenturythatsetphilosophersagainstthechurch?
ExplainthequotefromLaplaceonpage2
whatdoestheauthormeanKnowledgewasstillconsideredaunitaryfield
Whatwerethetwofaculties
Inwhatwayissciencevalueneutral?
Inyourownwords,describethedifferencesbetweenthedisciplinesofthefacultiesofscience
andthefacultiesofhumanities.
Whateventcausedasenseofurgencyindefiningthestudyofsocialreality?
whattworevolutionaryideascamefromthisevent?
Inyouropinion,issocialsciencescientificorhumanistic?
Whatwasthepurposeofstoringdocumentsinarchives?
Whocontrolledthearchives?
Whatistheroleofhumanwillorhumanagencyindeterminingifhistoriansarescientistsor
humanists?
Whydid19thCenturyhistoriansstudytheirowncountryfirst?Whatwerethosecountries?
Whydidstatesencouragethepracticeofstudyingcountriesaccordingtotheircurrentpolitical
borders?
Whatarethethreedisciplinesthatgrewuptoprovidepoliticalinformationtoleaders?
Whatarethethreesocialspheresidentifiedinthe19thcentury?
Inyourownwords,whydidthenomotheticsocialscientistsstudyprimarilytheirowncountries?
Whattwodisciplinesaroseoutofcolonialismandwarfare?
Howwereethnographershelpfultocolonialrulers?
WhydidthehighcivilizationsrequireassistancefromthepanEuropeanworld?
Whatimportantchangeshappenedin1945(3things)
whatwerethenewneedsoftheUSfromScholars?
StagesofDevelopmentwouldultimatelymeanthatallstateswouldbecomelikewhatnation?
WhatisthebasicideaofCoreperiphery?
Whatisthemoretraditionalviewofinternationaltrade?
WhatwerethefundamentalargumentsoftheAnnalegroup?
Whatweretheprimaryconcernsoftheworldrevolutionsof1968?
Whatweretheissuesaboutthestructuresofknowledgeraisedduringtheworldrevolutions?
Whatdoproponentsofworldsystemanalysisfocusonasaunitofstudyinsteadofpolitical
nationstates?Andwhatarethethreevariants`7
***Atthispointinyourreadingdonotbecomeconcernedwiththenuancesofthemeaningof
worldsystemanalysis.Wewilllookatthisfurtherinclass.Whatisimportantisforyouto
grasptheconceptthattherearemanydebateshappeningwithindifferentareasofhistorical
study.OneofthosebasicallysaysthatweshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeAmericaneconomy
ortheHatianeconomybutinthegeneraltrendsthatarecausedbycapitalism.***
Howdothethreeformsofeconomicorganization(KarlPolanyi)correlatetothecategoriesof
typesofhistoricalsystems(pg17)
Whatmakesaproductionprocesscorelikeorperipheral?
whichismoreprofitable?FreeMarketorMonopoly?
Countrieswithcorelikeprocessesarewealthier
countrieswithperipherallikeprocesslesswealthy(freemarket=more
competition)
CapitalismisnotFreeMarketbutrathertheAntiMarket
Brieflysummarizethefourargumentsagainstworldsystemsananlysis
Chapter2theModernWorldSystemasaCapitalistWorldEconomy:
Production,SurplusValue,andPolarization
KeyTerms
geoculture
market
virtualmarket
monopoly
freemarket
patents
oligopoly
firms
plunder
semiperipheralsates
subsistenceproduction
pettycommodityproduction
rent
transferpayments
statusgroupidentities
**Universalism(thempage38.thisisakeyideaandmustbeexplained)
Antiuniversalism(pg39)
codificatins(40)
KeyPeople
Wheredoesthemoderncapitalistworldfinditsorigins?
Defineaworldeconomy:
Whatisthedefiningfeature?
Whatunifiesthestructureoftheworldeconomy?
Whatisnecessarytothedefinitionofcapitalistsystem?
Onpage24welearnthatproducersandgovernments(holdersofpoliticalpower)are
codependent.What,accordingtotheauthor,happensifthepoliticalpowerbecomestoo
strong?
Whatarethebasicinstitutionsinacapitalistworldeconomy?
Pg.25FactorsofProductionisaneconomictermmeaninganythingthatisusedtoproduce
goodsandservices.Wegenerallycalltheseland,labor,capital(asininvestmentinmachinery)
entrepreneurshipandtechnology.Giventhatdefinition,whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays
thereisoneasinglevirtualworldmarketforallthefactorsofproduction?
Whydosellerspreferamonopolyoverfreemarkets?
listthewaysstatescreatequasimonopolies
Whatarethetwoinbuiltantimonopolisticfeatures?
Whenexchangeoccurswhoisinastrongandweakposition?(page28)
Giveanexampleofplunderinthemodernworldeconomy
Giveandexampleofthedowngradingofproductsintermsofcoretoperipheralcountries.
Whatisthemajorconcernofsemiperipheralcountries?
Giveexamplesofsemiperipheralcountries?
page32:whatdistinguishesahouseholdstructure?
whatarethefivekindsofincome?
whataretheprosandconsofwagelabor?
Giveexamplesofsubsistenceproduction.
Giveexamplesofpettycommodityproduction.
Giveexamplesofrent.
Giveexamplesoftransferpayments.
Giveexamplesofincomepooling
Defineaproletarianhousehold
Defineasemiproletarianhousehold
Whatisthedifferencebetweenstatusgroupsandidentities?
whatistheprimarysocializingagent?
Whatinstitutionsaresecond?
ExplainthethemeofUniversalismasitistranslatedforfirms,thehousehold,andthestate.
Giveanexampleofapositivenorm
Giveandexampleofanegativenorm
Whataretherankingsinthemodernworldsystem
Inwhatwayisuniversalismacomforttothosewhobenefitfromthesystem((pg40)
Inwhatwayisracismandsexismimportanttomodernworldsystem?Theauthorimpliesthat
racismandsexismplayasimportantaroleastheideaofmeritandequalityinthesocial
structure.Inyourownwords,inwhatwayisantiuniversalismimportanttothesocialstructure
intheUS?
Chapter3
TheRiseoftheStatesSystem:SovereignNationStates,Colonies,andtheInterstateSystem
KeyTerms:
Sovereignty/Sovereign
absolutepower
bureaucracy
prefects
Reciporicity
laissezfaire
propertyrights
profit
toxicity
colonies
WhatisthesignificanceofthePeaceofWetphaliain1648?
Explainthetermabsolutepower(pg42)
Whatisthemajortoolusedbymonarchstoincreasetheireffectivepower?(pg43)
Whyisitimportanttostatethatsovereigntyisaclaim?(pg43)
Giveexamplesofstateswhossovereigntywasnotrecognized(44)
Inyourownwords,whatistherelationshipbetweenentrepreneursandsovereigntyofnations?
Whatarethethreeprincipalkindsoftransboundarytransactions?
Onpage46explaintheclaimthattheinfluxofworksfromonecountrytoanotherisamarket
plusforentrepeneursinthereceivingcountryandamarketminusforthosealreadyresidentin
thereceivingcountryusetheUnitedStatesandMexicoasanexample:
Onpage47:identifyprosandconsofstateinterferenceintheemployer/employeerelationship.
explainthethreeexternalizedcostsoffirms
Giveanexampleofeach
whatarethetwobasicproblemswithtaxes?(49)
Whatarethethreemainmodesofcreatingnationalism?(54)
Inyourownwords,explaintheauthorsassumptionsabouttherelationshipbetweenstrongand
weakstatespertainingtofirmsandpoliticalpressures.
Inyourownwords,explaintheobjectiveofcolonizationfromtheauthorspointofview.Whatis
thepurposeofestablishingacolony?Whataresomepossibleoutcomesofstrongnations
establishingcoloniesonlocalindigenouspopulations?
Whattheauthorreferstoasrelocationofeartwhileleadingindustrytosemiperipheral
countriesisakeyideainthecompetitionbetweenwhatwethinkofasdevelopingnations.
Were,forinstance,wastheshirtyouarewearingmade?Twentyyearsago,itwouldhavebeen
madeintheUnitedStatesandwoulddonaUnionLabel.Astextilesbecomelessvaluable
hereintermsofmanufacturing,wesendthosejobsoverseas.butnottoalldeveloping
countriesequally,andtheclothesarenolongerbeingmadebyunionprotectedworkers.
Whatarethetwomodalitiesofrealizingdominance?
Whatwerethethreeattemptsatcreatingaworldempire?
Whatweretheattemptsathegemony?
Whatisthecriteriaforhegemony?
Whydidtheattemptstocreateworldempiresfail?
Howcouldstatesachievehegemony?
Chapter4
TheCreationofaGeoculture:
Ideologies,SocialMovements,SocialScience
KeyTerms:
Ideologies
Conservatism
Liberalism
Specialists
thespringtimeofthenations
enlightenedconservatism
proletariat
KeyPeople
NapoleonBonaparte
PrinceMetternich
SirRobertPeel
Kipling
KeyIdeas:
Whatwerethetwofundamentalchangesthataresaidtoconstitutethebasisofthegeocultureof
themodernworldsystem?
Explainwhyideologyisafairlynewideainthesocialarena?
WhatwastheviewofConservativesregardingtheFrenchRevolution?
WhatdidConservativesofferastheirproofthatrevolutionwasinherentlybad.
WhodidConservativesbelieveshouldberesponsibleforchangesinsociety?
DescribethebirthoftheideologyofLiberalism.
WhatwerethebasicbeliefsofLiberals?
Whatarethetwotypesofhierarchies?
Whichmakessocialmobilityimpossible?
Whodidliberalsthinkwereequippedtoformulatereforms?
OnwhatkindofknowledgedidLiberalsbelievepoliticalleadersmustbasetheirprograms?
Withwhomdiddemocrats,radicalsandsocialistsassociate?
Accordingtotheauthor,whatwerethethreeideologiesfollowingtheworldrevolutionof1848?
WhywasSirRobertPeelsuccessful?
Whatisenlightenedconservatism?
Whathappenedin1848?
Whatwasthespringtimeofthenations?
What,accordingtoconservatives,wasthefailingofPrinceMetternich?
WhatcountryavoidedRevolution?
Whatdideachgrouplearnfromtheworldrevolutionsof1848?(conservatives,liberalsand
radicals)
Definealiberalstate
Whatisthecommondefiningfeatureofthegeoculture?
IdentifythethreeinstitutionsusedtoteachNationalism.
WhatwasanoutcomeofthepanEuropeanworldseeingitselfattheheartofthecivilization
process?
Whydoestheauthorsayonpage66that,itwasclearthattheconservativebeliefaboutthe
effectofnationalismontheerstwhiledangerousclasseshadbeencorrect.?
Onpage74whydoestheauthorusethisquotebyKeats?
Onpage74whatarethesixareasofsocialreality?
OnPage75whatarethethreemainsubsets?
Whichthreeendedupbeingnomothetic(scientific)?
Whichthreeendedupbeinghumanisticoridiograhic(moreconcernedwiththepeopleand
process)?
Chapter5TheModernWorldSysteminCrisis
KeyTerms
Secular
Bifurcation
oligopolies
dilemma
remuneration
Capital(page78)inthissensemeansgoodsthatareusedtoproduceothergoodsthinkofa
factoryoratractor.Itssomethingthatisboughtinordertoimproveefficiencyinproduction.
Longuedureelongtermhistoricalstructures(thecapitalistsystem).
Infrastructure
hegemonicdominantinapoliticalcontext
neoliberalism
KeyPeople
RonaldReagan
MargaretThatcher
WhendidtheCapitalistSystemcrisisstart?
Onpage78,explainthedilemmaforcapitalistsinyourownwords.
On78,explaintheideaoftheelasticityofdemand.Whydoestheauthorsay,Thesellerscan
onlyhavealimitedimpactontheelasticityofdemand?
***Thisisakeyideatoourstudythisyear***
Page78:Whyhastherebeenagrowingsqueezeontheaverageworldwiderateofprofits?
Whatdecidestheoutcomesofworkerspay?
Whataresomethingseffectingthepowerofworkers?
Whatistheupsideforproducerstomovetheircompaniestoanothercountry?
Whatarethedownsides?
Onpage80,whyaresomepeoplewillingtoworkforextremelylowwages?
on81,Whatdoestheauthormeanby,Theworldhasbeenderuralizing...because
of...relocatingproductionprocess.?
Inputs:MachineryandMaterials
Whatarethethreetypesofhiddencostsforproducers(p.81)?
Whatarethetworeasonsfortaxation?
On83,whatdoestheauthormeanbythesqueezeonprofits?
On84,whattwothemesrepeatedvirtuallyeverywhere?
***Thiswillbeanotherkeyideathisyear***
Whatwerethetwomostnotableimmediateeffectsoftheworldrevolutionof1968?
AstheworldenteredalongKondratieffBphase(stagnationverylongrecession)whatwas
thereactionoftheworldscentristandrightist(conservative)forces?Whoweresomeofthe
majorfigures?
WhatisthesloganoftheWSF?
Whatevidenceistherethatthereisacrisis?
Whydopeoplecontinuetoactincustomaryways?
Chooseoneofthesequestionsandwrite500wordssupportedbythetextandcited(MLA).
Thiswillbeduethefirstdayofclassinthesecondfullweekofschool.
ExplainthestrugglebetweentheSpiritofDavosandSpirtofPortoAlegre:
Describethedifferencebetweenlibertyofthemajorityandlibertyoftheminority
Isanymodernworldsystemfullydemocratic?
Willthenewsystembehierarchicalaccordingtorank(class),orwillitbearelatively
democratic,relativelyegalitariansystem?