Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
STUDENTNAME:
SweatLenaPanda(000308),ArpitaMohanty(000244)
COURSENAME:
MBA
SUPERVISOR:
ProfessorSomyaRanjanPadhi
SUBMISSIONDATE:
April13,2016
ABSTRACT
SocialMediahave givenplentyof opportunitiestoconsumers in adaptingdifferentaspects
in life. On a dailybasisinpresentday,100,000tweetsare sent, 684,478piecesof content
are shared on Facebook,2millionsearchqueriesaremadeonGoogle,48hoursof videoare
uploaded to YouTube 3,600photos are sharedon Instagram,and 571 websitesarecreated
(James 2012). Social media introduced a new, complex and uncontrollable element in
consumer behavior presenting a new challenge both to the academia and themarketers.
This studyisanattemptto identifytheirroleanddescribetheirimpactonconsumerbuying
decision. Thisresearchgivesexplanation onhow individualsareattending,processing,and
selecting the information on social media before a purchase. The findings indicated that
individuals pursue an active role ininformation searchonsocial mediacomparingtomass
media. To satisfy the research data has been collected from both the primary and the
secondarysources. Secondary sourcesof data havebeen collected through useofinternet,
consulting past studies on the subject and also books have been used, primary data has
been collected from 100respondents through questionnaire by directsurveymethod.The
findings ofthe studycanbe used bymarketers andmedia plannersfor effectivemarketing
results.
INTRODUCTION
Social media provides a virtual network place where people can enjoy expressing and
exchanging opinions disseminate and control messages reach out to friends or family
through social media, sometimes on adailybasis.Onadaily basisinpresentday,100,000
tweets aresent, 684,478piecesof contentaresharedonFacebook,2millionsearchqueries
are madeonGoogle,48 hours ofvideo are uploadedtoYouTube,3,600 photosareshared
onInstagram, and571websites are created (James2012).Asopposedtotraditionalmedia,
social mediaallowsconversation readers/viewers/listeners toparticipateinthe creation or
development of the content. McKinsey (2011) reveals that as companies carry on their
business and interact with individuals, they generate a tremendous amount of digital
exhaust data i.e. data created as a by product of other activities. Social media sites
smartphones and other consumer devices have allowed billions of individuals around the
world to contribute to the amount of big data available.In theearly 1990 s,when World
Wide Web (WWW) was introduced in India, the percentage of people using internet was
just0.2%.Gradually,thereachofinternetstartedincreasingandisaround10%oftheIndian
population at present and most of the internet users view/follow social media sites. The
percentageofIndiansusinginternetisprojectedtoreach19%by2015andto25%by2020.
The technical revolution during the last decade has drastically boughtmarketerstoanew
era Traditionaladvertising viamassmedia is ondecline; SergioZyman(1999),formerChief
Marketing Officer, CocaCola, believes, The era ofmarketingas wehaveknownitisover,
dead, kaput and most marketers don trealizeithefurther clarifies thattechnology
has given peoplemanymoreoptionsthantheyhadinthepastandhascreatedaconsumer
democracyinwhich people around theworldconstantlyusesocialmediaplatformstoseek
and share from discussing consumer productstoorganizingpolitical movements (see Chui
and Manyika2012).Socialmediatoolshavebecomesuperbchannelsformarketerstoreach
consumers. The article titled, Expand your Brand Community Online states that social
media is important for marketers because it allows them to dialogue directly with
consumers, which in turn engages consumers directly with company brands (Hanlon,
Patrick, Hawkins, & Josh, 2008). Many companies, such asAudi andDunkin Donutshave
usedsocial mediaveryeffectivelytoreachconsumers.AccordingtoWasserman(2011),out
of all other brands on Facebook, Audi s fans are themostengaged ofallmajorcorporate
brands on Facebook. Internet offers favourable solutions to marketers these days.
Marketing through social media would be an alternative perspective of interfacing with
individuals, and yet the most influential applications of social technologies in the global
economyare largelyuntapped(Chui andManyika 2012).A companythatusessocialmedia
is more likely to create relationships with members of its targetdemographic ratherthan
traditionalmedia whereconversations betweenthe medium andtheaudienceareunlikely.
Now, socialmedia outletssuchasFacebookandTwitterhavemadeiteasyforconsumersto
post product reviews and reach outtoother likemindedindividualsin their communities.
As social media infiltratesour lives asconsumers,before peoplemakepurchases, they are
increasinglyreachingouttotheirsocialmediacommunitiesforopinions.
SOCIALMEDIAVSSOCIALNETWORK
to H1N1 link. So people got involved actively for the social welfare and they could take
decisionsrelatedtoH1N1virus.
Companies whichanalyseandunderstandtheinterestsandneedofaudienceandformulate
thesocialmediamarketingstrategyaccordinglyaresuccessful.
Customerpurchasedecisionistakeninfivesteps;
1)Needrecognitionorproblemrecognition
2)Informationsearch
3)Comparisonofalternatives
4)Finalpurchasedecisionand
5)postpurchasebehaviour
Problem recognition is the first step of customers purchase decision process. It drives
decision making because it is the difference between the present state and the desired
state. The moment the customer feels the drive from within he / she starts searching
information and collecting data from different sources. If such information resolves his
problem or appears to satisfy his need, he will take finalpurchase decisionorelsehewill
like to collectmoredata.In thestageof evaluationofalternativesthe customercompares
different choices whichcansolve the problem;by doingso the customerdevelopsbelieves
and attitude (positive or negative) towards such different choices. The customer starts
analysing critically and responding over different attributes of the alternatives and their
advantages and disadvantages. In purchase decision stage the customer make his mind
decisively after classifying different brands. In post purchase behaviour, the customer is
eithersatisfiedorheregretshispurchasedecisionwhichdependsonthepurchasedproduct
whether it livesuptothecustomerexpectationortheproductperformanceisnotuptothe
expectation.
Out of many consumer decisionmaking models the model which is broadly at the core
suggeststhreestepsbroadly:searchofinformation,evaluationofdifferentalternatives,and
postpurchase behaviour. In this process of purchase decision, customers think about the
attributes of different products and services logically and avail the trial to take decision
aboutparticularproductwhichcansatisfyhisneedinminimumcost.
RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
(a) Research Design: To analyse the behaviour of customers towards Social Media
Marketingdescriptiveresearchdesignwasused.Primarydatawascollectedwiththehelp of
closeendedquestionnaire.
(b)SampleDesign:Our targetpopulation involves theusers ofSocialMedia.100Internet
userswereselectedthroughconveniencesamplingfromUdaipur.
(c) Analysis: Thedatacollectedwasanalysed with thehelp ofvariousstatisticaltoolslike
frequencydistribution,Chisquaretest,andarithmeticmean.
OBJECTIVE
This research paper is basedonperceptionofconsumerregardingimpactofsocialmediain
buyingbehaviourdecisionmakingofconsumer.
AreaofResearch(Universe):
Odisha(Bhubaneswar,Cuttack)
Sourcesofdata:
PrimaryData(CollectedThroughQuestionnaire)
SecondaryData:
(CollectedthroughBooks,Websites,Journals&Publication)
DataCollectionMethod:
SurveyMethod
SampleSize:
100Respondents
SampleDesign:
RandomSampling
Hypothesis:
BasedonavailabilityofData
ResearchDesign:
Exploratory&DescriptiveResearch
ScaleUsed:
NominalScale
DataInterpretation&Tabulation:
Table
Analysis&Interpretations
Table1:DemographicProfileofRespondents
AwarenessofSocialMediaWebsites:
Table2:AwarenessofSocialMediaWebsites
Out of the total respondents 92% respondents were aware about the social media so
furtherstudywasconductedwiththesegroupofpeopleonly.
BrandAwarenessthroughSocialMediaWebsites
Respondents were asked that whether social media websites make them aware about
variousbrandsindifferentproductcategories,theresponsesofsameareshownin
Table3:BrandAwarenessthroughSocialMedia
BrandPreferencethroughSocialMediaWebsites
Everymarketerwants toknow whetherthe customerprefersthebrandwhichisadvertised
through social media. In the same line respondents were asked to reveal their purchase
intentiontowardsthebrandwhichisadvertisedonsocialmediawebsites.
Table4:BrandPreferencethroughSocialMedia
Total 68 24 92
It can be clearly inferred from the table that majority of customers whogetawareabout
brand through social media, they also purchase the same brand. To be very precise
followinghypothesiswastested:
Inadditionfollowingcriteriaisusedforanalysispart:
a)Thescoreamong1.001.80meansStronglyDisagree
b)Thescoreamong1.812.60meansDisagree
c)Thescoreamong2.613.40meansNeutral
d)Thescoreamong3.414.20meansAgree
e)Thescoreamong4.215.00meansStronglyAgree
CONCLUSION:
Bythefollowingresearchitcanbeconcludedthat:
(1)Peoplehaveknowledgeaboutsocialmedia.
(2) People are using social media not only for communication but also for collecting
informationregardingproduct.
(3)Facebookisthemostusedwebsiteassocialmedia.
(4)Nowdaysin21st centurybuyingbehaviourdecisionmakingisinfluencedbysocialmedia
directlyandindirectly.
(5)In todayscompetitive environment andin21stcentury socialmediabecameveryuseful
techniqueformarketingpromotionalstrategy.
Recommendation:
Bythefollowingresearchitcanberecommendedthat:
(1)Manufacturer/Producermustusesocialmediaforpromotingtheirproductintomarket.
(2) Before making anyproduct manufacturer/producer shouldcallsuggestionofpeopleby
help ofsocial mediathat which kindof producttheywant andprice ofthe productsothat
theycanmakeproductaccordingtoneedofthecustomer.
(3) Manufacturer should use social media with proper planningand in systematicmanner
forincreasingsuccessoftheirproductinmarket.
Limitationofthestudy:
Followingarethelimitationofthestudy
(1)Time
(2)Cost
(3)Language
(4)Age
(5)Awareness
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18. The possibility for whoever wants to, to comment on a product. That's beyond the
controloftheproducer.
19. Anyonecangetaccess to socialmediathesedaysandUrnotsureofthequalityandthe
descriptionof theproductisalways100%.moreandmorefakeproductsarelaunchedinthe
socialmediathesedays
20.Officialandpersonal
21.Noidea
22.Wordofmouth.
23. Socialmedia hasmore effect as you relyon your friends opinionmorethan just mass
media24.Theamountofinformationavailable.
25.Socialmediagivesanopportunitytoknowalotofdifferentopinionsofrealconsumers
26.Credibility
27. When usingsocialmedia,youcanactuallysearchfortheaspectsthatinterestyou,when
inmassmediayoucannotreallycontroltheinformationavailabletoyou
28.Icangetmoregenuinecommentsonsocialmedia.
29. I think information from social media is morereliablethan informationofmassmedia
becauseinformationfrommassmediaisalmosteverytimecompaniesownadvertisement.
30.InSocialmediaweliketothinkthatpeopletellthetruth...
31. Social media is more trusted, affects your thinking. Mass media affects your feelings,
withlessinfo.
32.Availability.
33.SocialmediahasrealpeopleIknowusingtheproduct.
35. Informationfromsocialmediacanoftenbefoundmoreeasilyandinlargerquantities.A
largepartofitisalsoindependentinthesensethat theproducingcompanyhasnotpaidthe
writerforapositiveevaluation.
36.Credibilityandthesourceoftheinformation
37.Unwantedinformationissomewhateasiertoskiponsocialmedia.
38. Reliability of the information when using information available in social media, I can
base my decision on experiences of people who have actually used the products/services
themselves. Also as for social media, the people who "advertise" or share their opinions
don'tnecessarilyhaveanyprofitmakingpurposes.
39.Socialmediaaremoredirect.
40.Trustonsocialmediae.g.blogger
41. You feel surer about the product and there is no feeling that you are dumpedby the
company'sadcampaign
42.N/a
43.Personalexperienceandfeedbackinfirstcase
44.Company'scontrol
45. Insocial Mediathereisdifferentaspectson productandservices(positivevs.Negative)
howeverinmassmediait'sonlypositivemostofthetimeduetoadvertisingpayment.
46. Customerreviews.Opinionsfoundonlinemust beconsistentwithatrend(i.e.:majority
dislike/likethe product)Willnotfullytrustreviewsifthereonlyafew.Massmediaprovides
onlyabiasedviewfromthemarketer.
48.Socialmediaismoreappearstobemorehonestversusmassmedia.
49.Realinformation
50.feelsmorerealisticwhenreadingusers'commentsonsocialmediasites
51.Informationfromsocialmediaismoreaccrued
52.Morepersonalopinionsorcommentsaregivenfromthesocialmedia
53.Youareabletomakeacommentanddiscussandothersinthesocialmedia.
54. Information from the social media reflects a more subjective opinion from the users
while that from mass media reflects a more objective one. Info from social media seems
morereliable
55.Userbased,moreneutralinformationfound,prosandconscanbefound
56.Thedetailsoftheproductsthatwecangain
57.Normally,thereisnoclearlydirectionofattitudefromthesocialmedia
58. Socialmedia stillseems nonscientific,meaning it provides onlysubjectiveinformation.
Though,theopinionsarehonest,usuallynotaffectedbythecompany.
59. Infoinmassmediahasbeenusuallyprovidedbythemarketerwhereastheinformation
from social media is from a third party and may not share the same thoughts as the
marketingcompany.
60. From socialmedia I pick up themostnegativecommentsfrommyfriendstoavoidtheir
mistakesandfrommassmediaIhearaboutbrandandmakemyownresearchafterit.
61.Thequantityandqualityoftheinformationofaparticularproduct
62. I guess the biggest difference is that howmuchapersonusessocialmediainthe first
place. If one is mostly affected by mass media (like myself) one will more likely make
purchasingdecisionsbyusingtheinformationgiventhere.I'm alwayslookingforcredibility
and reliabilitynomatterwhatIbuy,plusIthinkthatbrandisaBIGdeal.Trustworthybrands
canalwaysmakeit,whethertheymarketthemselvesinsocialmediaorinmassmedia.
63. I'mavailable toreachdifferentuserexperiencesviaYouTube/blogsratherthanonlyone
sidedpromotesfrommassmedia
64. 65. Mass mediaismostlycontrolledbycompaniesandprofitseekingparties.66.Don't
haveanopinion
67. Insocial mediait's allaboutpeerreviewsandopinionsfromanotheraverageconsumer.
Theseopinions(includingnegativeremarks)can'tusuallybeobtainedinthetraditionalmass
media.
68.No
69.Personalexperiencesfromotherssomehowbecomeagoodsourceofinformation
70. Perhaps,massmedia is thereviewofaproduct/servicefrom one personpublishedina
magazine supported by an organization or company even enterprise. But when the
information is about socialmedia could be provide bydifferententitiesasbloggers,normal
users,consumers,clients,samecompany.
71.72.Insocialmediatheinformationcanbemorepersonal.
73. The mass media doesn't necessarily tell you about the possible problems that the
product has or causes. E.g. I always use otherpeoples(friends', bloggers') opinionswhen
buyingcosmetics,becausethemassmediaNEVERtellsenoughofthecosmeticproducts.
74. Mass media is paid not as honest. Items in social media can however become too
popular,whichalsodecreasesmywilltopurchaseifIwantsomethingunique.
75.Questionnotclear
76.Reliability
77. Mass media might affect my thinking, but the finaldecision to buy comes from actual
information.
78. Reviews of things that I plan to purchasearemuch easier tofind throughsocialmedia
without the overbearing initiatives of the corresponding companies to pressure us tobuy
more
79.Userevaluation,butnotrelyingonafew,butmanypeoplesopinions.
80.Theimmediacyandrangeofacquiringproductinformation.
81. Information from the mass media is often too polished and lacks objectivity. Insocial
media people share theirexperienceshonestlyalthoughpeople alsotendtoexaggerateand
e.g.sometimestheirproblems with certainproducts may have beencausedby themselves
andthereforetheopinionlacksobjectivityagain.
82. Insocialmediayoucanalsofindoutabouttheresultsorfeedbacksoftheproductsfrom
theconsumers
83."Frommassmedia,wearepassivetoreceivethepositiveinformationfromthebrand.
84. Butfrom socialmedia, wecanalsoget the information fromtheuserswhichmeanswe
arenolongerpassivetoreceivetheinfo"
85.Wehaveaccesstonegativeopiniononthesocialmediabutnotthemassmedia
86. I can get more specific information via social media and also to read about other
peoples'experiences.
87.Informationarecomingfromtheconsumerhimself!
88. Information from social media can make the me more certain of the decision in both
positiveandnegative.
89.Theadvertisementfromthemassmediacouldbeexposedunconsciously.
90. I activelyseek infofrom socialmedia for exampleaboutacertainproductbutthemass
mediainfogetsmerandomly
91. The social media provides moreinformation, andof adifferentkind,includingpositive
and negatives sidesoftheproduct,aswellasreallifeexperiences.Thus,youaregivenmore
realinformation tomakea purchasedecision. And also with thehelpofthesocialmedia, if
you have an uncertainty towards a purchase, you can go and look for help in the social
media by communicating with experts on blogs, people on forums who have used the
product etc. 92. I trust informationfromthe socialmedia more since it is primarily from a
thirdpartyratherthanthecompanyitself.
93.Subjectiveandwordofclick
94. The biggest difference is that I am able to access to information easier and faster
comparing to the mass media. And there are more immediate information and feedback
regardingacertainproduct/service
95.Moreinformationprovidedbyothercustomers
96. Socialmedia informationaremorereliable, of coursethere are people thatare paid to
reviewproducts.
97.Informationfromthesocialmedia:Users'feedbacksseemlikemorerealistic
98.Informationfromsocialmediaismorediverse,therearemanysources.
99.Easierandquickertousesocialmedia
100. Thesocialmedia usuallyshow more effectiveand efficientdetailsaboutexperienceof
using the product, while the mass media is much better and more useful to promote the
brandvalue.
101. The social media allows interaction with people who have purchased the same
product,whichiswhatthemassmediadoesnotprovide
102. Youhave tofilter theinformationfromhundredsofusers'opinionandcomment.Then
makethedecisionofpurchaseyourself.
103.Ithinkusinginformationfromthesocialmediaismorereliable.
104. I don'tknow,Idonotfollowalotofbloggersandimpnotintwitteretc.Imakemostof
mypurchasingdecisionsintheactualshopbycomparingthepackagesandpricesetc.Bigger
purchases of course areconsidered beforehand, that is theonlytime I taketimeto check
somereviewsoraskquestionsfrompeers
105.Thereliability
106. Information via social media might in general be more persuasive to me. Take
Facebook for example,allofmyfriendsonFacebookarepeoplethatIknowpersonally,soI
knowhowcrediblethesepeopleare
107. In case when I purchasing with mass media, media shows only good points about
products,butincaseofsocialmedia,Ishouldtakecareeachperson'sreputationiswithit.
108.Ihavemoreinformationandfeedbackfromsocialmediaandthosearemorereliable