Name, Taxonomy Morphology and Cultural and biological Antigenic Virulence Microbial Diagnosis, Specimens and Treatment

and Classification tinctorial Characteristics properties Factors Method of Examination and

properties Prophylaxis
Autoantibodies (a) Serological test Treatment
F: ~ absence of cell ~ can grow on artificial against red cell, ~ mainstay and diagnosis ~
Mycoplasmatace wall media brain, liver and erythromycin
ae ** so that cannot ** complex nutritional lung ~ cold agglutinins titer 1:128 or and
G: Mycoplasma be stained by media (contain lipid) (** cold more than that tetracycline
S: M. pneumonia Gram staining. agglutinins)
~ grow slowly (approx. 1 ~ cold agglutinin IgM ~ penicillin
Typical ~ have 3 layers of week) **source of autoantibody against Type O RBC and
pneumonia flexible of extrapulmonary that agglutinate these cells at 4C cephalosporin
membrane ~ colony manifestation of but not 37C s (** not
(consist of fried egg shape infection active as
cholesterol) Raised center ~ only of patients have +ve result organisms
Thinner outer ** have false positive result in have no cell
edge influenza and adenovirus infection walls)

(b) CF test Immunoproph

(confirm diagnosis) ylaxis
~ no vaccine
F: Francisellaceae In vivo: ~ colonies on glucose O-an ~ F. tularensis (a) Specimens Treatment
G: Francisella ~ tiny coccobacilli cysteine blood agar K-an stains are ~ swabs pr aspirate from local ~
S: F. Tularensis with capsule Grayish indistinguishabl lesions and lymph glands antimicrobial
(small ovoid rods) Usually viscous e by: aminoglycosi
with greenish (a) Agglutinatio (b) Rapid diagnosis des
~Older cultures: discoloration of n ~ IF-test (microbial antigen in tissue
**pleomorphic the surrounding (b) Hemaglutin smears) ~
with ovoid, medium ation tetracycline
bacillary cells (c) Immunofluo ~ PCR
~ CO2 beneficial for resent test chemoprophy
~Gram ve growth, but no growth (c) Biological examination laxis
under full anaerobic ~ microcapsule ~ F. tularensis may only be isolation
~ non-motile on 1 culture by subcutaneous Control and
~ weak catalase reaction ~ endotoxin injection of material into white prevention
~ no spores mice(optimal method) ~ live
~ under optimal ~ pili vaccines
condition ~ inoculation onto horioallantoic maybe
Have acids but membrane death of chicken considered
no gas in embryo
glucose, usually
in mannose, (d) Serological examination
maltose and ~ 4th fold rise in antibody titer and a
laevulose but not titer of 1:320
in sucrose
Epidemiology
~ antibody may persist for few years
~ zoonotic arthropod H2O borne ~ oxidase reaction ve
Clinical findings
but form H2S ~ ELISA (early detection)
~ epidermics result from touching ~ depends on routes of transmission
infected animals and its virulence ~ IHA, CF, tube agglutination

~ by bites of arthropods, ticks and
mosquitoes
~ H2O usually contaminated by dead
bodies or excreted of infected
animals
~ fever, chills, prostration (e) Allergy skin test
~ type IV
~ infection from skin contact of ~ intradermally
animals or insect bites ~ tularin (allergen)
Clinical presentation tularemia

~ infection through airborne

pulmonary disease , oropharyngeal
tularemia