### OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Project
TOWER 116.2 KTON BUILDING WAVES ENGINEERING LTD ENTER DATA IN BLUE CELLS ONLY.
Client NIPP/NDPHC Made by Date Page RED MESSAGES INDICATE ENTRY ERRORS.
Location UMUAHIA A.O.P 07-Apr-2017 1
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etcChecked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC C.O.F - 1

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

WARNING :
Passive pressure should
only be considered if it Stability OK
can be guaranteed that Design FAILURE
there will be no future
excavation in front of
the wall.

DIMENSIONS (mm) 
H= 1500 B= 3550 Tw = 400
Hw = 0 BI = 1300 Tb = 400
Hp = 0 BN = 0 TN = 0
Hn = 0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 25 N/mm m = 1.5 concrete 
fy = 410 N/mm m = 1.05 steel 
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm (0.2 or 0.3 BS8007 specifies crack widths of 0.1
mm only)
Concrete density = 24 kN/m or 0.2 mm.
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l () = 30 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 18 kN/m
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 5.00 kN/m [default=2/3*q (only apply when 12.00
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (b) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 200 kN/m c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 5 kN/m e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 5 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 0 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to 0.00001
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 0 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 0 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high
i) Does not include check for temp. or shrinkage effects 6.75
LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.33 [ default ka = (1-SIN )/(1+SIN )0.33]
Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN b)/(1-SIN 2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp ] =
0.5
2.86
Kac = 1.15 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE f Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 6.75 LE = 0.500 3.37 1.40 9.45 4.72
PS(GK) = 2.50 LS = 0.75 1.87 1.40 3.50 2.62
PS(QK) = 2.50 LS = 0.75 1.87 1.60 4.00 3.00
PL(GK) = 0.00 LL = 1.50 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.00
PL(QK) = 0.00 LL = 1.50 0.00 1.60 0.00 0.00
PW = 0.00 LW = 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.00 REINFORCEMENT DENSITY
Total 11.75 7.12 16.95 10.35 147.8 kg/m
PP = 0.00 (LP-HN) = 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00
 KTON BUILDING WAVES ENGINEERING
Project TOWER 116.2 LTD
Client NIPP/NDPHC Made by Date Page

Location UMUAHIA A.O.P 07-Apr-2017 2

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC C.O.F - 1

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : OK

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 6.75 LE = 0.50 3.37 EARTH
PS(GK) = 2.50 LS = 0.75 1.87 PS(GK) Warning:
PS(QK) = 2.50 LS = 0.75 1.87 PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 0.00 LL = 1.50 0.00 PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 0.00 LL = 1.50 0.00 PL(QK)
PW = 0.00 LW = 0.00 0.00 PW
P = 11.75
Pp = 0.00 (LP-HN) = 0.00 0.00
Mo = 7.12

Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm)

Moments Wall = 10.56 1.50 15.84
Base = 34.08 1.78 60.49 Warning:
Nib = 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth = 36.63 2.63 96.15 ALLOW BUOYANCY OF BASE
Water = 0.00 2.63 0.00
Surcharge = 18.50 2.63 48.56
Line load = 0.00 1.70 0.00
V = 99.77 Mr = 221.05

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 31.02 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 11.75 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = 0.00 kN Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( V TANb + B Cb ) = -71.81 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -71.81 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 6.11 > 1.50 OK

GROUND BEARING FAI Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m)
Wall = 10.56 0.28 2.90
Base = 34.08 0.00 0.00 0.000

Nib = 0.00 1.78 0.00

Earth = 36.63 -0.85 -31.14
Water = 0.00 -0.85 0.00
Surcharge= 18.50 -0.85 -15.73
Line load = 0.00 0.08 0.00
V = 99.77 Mv = -43.96

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 7.12 kNm

50.000

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = -36.83 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = -0.37 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 46 kN/m < 200 OK
 KTON BUILDING WAVES ENGINEERING
Project TOWER 116.2 LTD
Client NIPP/NDPHC Made by Date Page

Location UMUAHIA A.O.P 07-Apr-2017 4

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC C.O.F - 1

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

f = 1.45 (default = ult mt / non-factored m1.45 reference
V ult = 12.56 kN
M ult = 8.25 kNm ( '+' TENSION AT BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 960 mm2 Table 3.25

= 16 mm
centres = 250 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 804 mm2 < 960 FAIL

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d= 342 mm

z= 324.90 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 102.03 kNm > 8.25 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.24%

vc = 0.41 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 138.74 kN > 12.56 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH TO BS8110/BS8007 (:Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 85.70 mm m = -0.00106 BS8007
Acr = 129.80 mm W= -0.27 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2
NO CRACKING
INNER BASE ( per metre length )
V ult = 4.33 kN
M ult = -3.36 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 520 mm2 Table 3.25

= 16 mm
centres = 250 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 804 mm2 > 520 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d= 342 mm

z= 324.90 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 102.03 kNm > -3.36 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.24%

vc = 0.41 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 138.74 kN > 4.33 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH to BS8100/ BS8007 (: Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 85.70 mm m = -0.001254 BS8007
Acr = 129.80 mm W= -0.32 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) R 16 250 804 960 As < 960
BOTTOM (DESIGN) R 16 250 804 960 As < 960
TRANSVERSE R 12 200 565 960 As < 960
 KTON BUILDING WAVES ENGINEERING
Project TOWER 116.2 LTD
Client NIPP/NDPHC Made by Date Page

Location UMUAHIA A.O.P 07-Apr-2017 5

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC C.O.F - 1

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 5 R 16 1228 1.578 9.69

VERTICAL - Internal face 5 R 16 1228 1.578 9.69
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 12 R 12 1000 0.888 10.65

BASE TOP (MAIN) 5 R 16 3678 1.578 29.03

BOTTOM (MAIN) 5 R 16 3678 1.578 29.03
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 36 R 12 1000 0.888 31.96
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 5 R 16 1515 1.578 11.96
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 5 R 16 1515 1.578 11.96

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 5 R 16 128 1.578 1.01
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 5 R 16 128 1.578 1.01
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.) 2 R 12 1000 0.888 1.78

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 147.8
 Diagrams

Project TOWER 116.2

Location UMUAHIA DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by A.O.P Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC

DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
3.55

1 45.64
0 45.64 3
0.355 45.64 3 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.71 45.64 3
1.065 45.64 3
1.42 45.64 3 0 1 2 3 4
KN/M^2

1.775 45.64 3 0

2.13 45.64 3
2.485 45.64 3
2.84 45.64 3
3.195 45.64 3 50 M
3.55 45.64 3
3.55 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
35.76
0 3.55 10.569 0 10.569 0.071 0.750 1.099 0.071 0.750
1 3.48 11.270 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 11.270 0.071 0.800 1.115 0.071 0.800
2 3.41 11.972 2 11.972 0.071 0.850 1.124 0.071 0.850
3 3.34 12.673 3 12.673 0.071 0.900 1.126 0.071 0.900
4 3.27 13.375 4 13.375 0.071 0.950 1.121 0.071 0.950
5 3.20 14.076 5 14.076 0.071 0.999 1.109 0.071 0.999
KN/M^2

0.000
6 3.12 14.777 6 14.777 0.071 1.049 1.090 0.071 1.049
7 3.05 15.479 7 15.479 0.071 1.099 1.063 0.071 1.099
8 2.98 16.180 8 16.180 0.071 1.149 1.030 0.071 1.149
9 2.91 16.882 9 16.882 0.071 1.199 0.989 0.071 1.199
10 2.84 17.583 10 17.583 0.071 1.248 0.942 0.071 1.248
11 2.77 18.284 11 18.284 0.071 1.298 0.887 0.071 1.298
12 2.70 18.986 50.000 M 12 18.986 0.071 1.348 0.826 0.071 1.348
13 2.63 19.687 13 19.687 0.071 1.398 0.757 0.071 1.398
14 2.56 20.389 14 20.389 0.071 1.448 0.681 0.071 1.448
15 2.49 21.090 15 21.090 0.071 1.497 0.598 0.071 1.497
16 2.41 21.792 45.64 16 21.792 0.071 1.547 0.508 0.071 1.547
17 2.34 22.493 BP 0 45.64 17 22.493 0.071 1.597 0.411 0.071 1.597
18 2.27 23.194 BPE 1.3 45.64 18 23.194 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
19 2.20 23.896 BPI 1.7 45.64 19 23.896 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20 2.13 24.597 BPZ 3.55 45.64 20 24.597 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21 2.06 25.299 21 25.299 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
22 1.99 26.000 22 26.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
23 1.92 26.701 23 26.701 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
24 1.85 27.403 24 27.403 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
25 1.78 28.104 25 28.104 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 1.70 28.806 26 28.806 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
27 1.63 29.507 27 29.507 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 1.56 30.208 28 30.208 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
29 1.49 30.910 29 30.910 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
30 1.42 31.611 30 31.611 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
31 1.35 32.313 31 32.313 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
32 1.28 33.014 32 33.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
33 1.21 33.716 33 33.716 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
34 1.14 34.417 34 34.417 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
35 1.07 35.118 35 35.118 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
36 0.99 35.820 36 35.820 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
37 0.92 36.521 37 36.521 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
38 0.85 37.223 38 37.223 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
39 0.78 37.924 39 37.924 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
40 0.71 38.625 40 38.625 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
41 0.64 39.327 41 39.327 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
42 0.57 40.028 42 40.028 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
43 0.50 40.730 43 40.730 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
44 0.43 41.431 44 41.431 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
45 0.36 42.132 45 42.132 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
46 0.28 42.834 46 42.834 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
47 0.21 43.535 47 43.535 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
48 0.14 44.237 48 44.237 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
49 0.07 44.938 49 44.938 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
50 0.00 45.6396 50 45.640 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21.126 16.477 21.126

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project TOWER 116.2

Location UMUAHIA DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by A.O.P Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC

YY= 1.1 MTE= 1.82

MTLG= 0.00
MTLQ= 0.00
MTSG= 1.0083
MTSQ= 1.01
MTW= 0.00

UTM= 5.57
5.57
0 0.00 0 0.00
1 0.02 0.0022 0.02 0 MOMENT
1 2 DIAGRAM
3 4 5 6
2 0.04 0.0089 0.04
3 0.07 0.02 0.07
4 0.09 0.0356 0.09
5 0.11 0.0557 0.11
6 0.13 0.0802 0.13
7 0.15 0.1091 0.15
8 0.18 0.1425 0.18
9 0.20 0.1803 0.20
WALL (M)

10 0.22 0.2226 0.22

11 0.24 0.2694 0.24
12 0.26 0.3206 0.26
13 0.29 0.3763 0.29
14 0.31 0.4364 0.31
15 0.33 0.5009 0.33
16 0.35 0.57 0.35
17 0.37 0.6434 0.37
18 0.40 0.7214 0.40
19 0.42 0.8037 0.42
20 0.44 0.8906 0.44
21 0.46 0.9818 0.46
22 0.48 1.0776 0.48
23 0.51 1.1778 0.51 ULT. M T (KNM )

24 0.53 1.2824 0.53

25 0.55 1.3915 0.55
26 0.57 1.505 0.57
27 0.59 1.623 0.59
28 0.62 1.7455 0.62
29 0.64 1.8724 0.64
30 0.66 2.0038 0.66
31 0.68 2.1396 0.68
32 0.70 2.2798 0.70
33 0.73 2.4245 0.73
34 0.75 2.5737 0.75
35 0.77 2.7273 0.77
36 0.79 2.8854 0.79
37 0.81 3.0479 0.81
38 0.84 3.2149 0.84
39 0.86 3.3863 0.86
40 0.88 3.5622 0.88
41 0.90 3.7426 0.90
42 0.92 3.9274 0.92
43 0.95 4.1166 0.95
44 0.97 4.3103 0.97
45 0.99 4.5085 0.99
46 1.01 4.7111 1.01
47 1.03 4.9181 1.03
48 1.06 5.1296 1.06
49 1.08 5.3456 1.08
50 1.10 5.566 1.10

0 0
0 400 WALL GEOMETRY
1300 400
WALL (m m )

4000
1300 1500
3500
1700 1500
3000
1700 400
3550 400 2500

3550 0 2000
0 0 1500
0 0
1000
0 0
500
0 0
0 0 0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

1500 3550 BASE ( m m )

Page 6
 Diagrams

ade by A.O.P Job No 1

Date 7-Apr-17

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.071 0.750
0.071 0.800
0.071 0.850
0.071 0.900
0.071 0.950
0.071 0.999
0.071 1.049
0.071 1.099
0.071 1.149
0.071 1.199
0.071 1.248
0.071 1.298
0.071 1.348
0.071 1.398
0.071 1.448
0.071 1.497
0.071 1.547
0.071 1.597
0.071 1.647
0.071 1.697
0.071 1.746
0.071 1.796
0.071 1.846
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
29.858

Page 7
 Diagrams

ade by A.O.P Job No 1

Date 7-Apr-17

Page 8
 Project TOWER 116.2
Location UMUAHIA CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. Made by A.O.P Job No 1
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' v2.1 1999-2002 BCA for RCC Date 7-Apr-17

WALL
MR= 17.81 MIN SPACING= 766 ASreq = 38.532 fs = 13.096Asprov%= 0.2352
As/bd= 0.002 MSBB= 766 ASBBreq 0.01 fs = 0.0034Asprov%= 0.2352
X= 85.70 MSBT= 766 ASBTreq 0.01 fs = 0.0034Asprov%= 0.2352
Ic= 1.15E+009
STS= 0.0001
ST1= 0.0001
ST2= 0.0011981
Acr= 129.80058
W= -0.29
m= -0.0011

MR= 17.81 MR= 17.81

AsBB/bd= 0.0024 AsBB/bd= 0.0024
X= 85.70 X= 85.70
Ic= 1.15E+009 Ic= 1.15E+009
STS= 0.0001 STS= 0.0000
ST1= 0.0001 ST1= -0.0001
ST2= 0.0011981 ST2= 0.0011981
Acr= 129.80058 Acr= 129.80058
W= -0.27 W= -0.3239
m= -0.0011 m= -0.0013

Page 9
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete
Council is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents
and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for negligence)
for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
are subject to revision from time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in
possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication

Status of spreadshee This spreadsheet is shareware. It may be distributed freely, but may not
Public release version. be used for commercial purposes until the user has registered with the
RCC.
Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action

22-Jan-03 RCC62 v2.1 DETR logo replaced by DTI.
11-Oct-02 RCC62 v2.0 Version 2 enhancements
29-May-02 RCC62 v1.4 Data! Main graphic changed to jpeg
16-Jun-01 RCC62 v1.3 Crack width calculation to outer base amended
Buoyance option + notes added. Passive pressure reduction
15-Apr-01 RCC62 v1.2
factor rectified
Crack width w for top of inner base amended. Notes re crack
24-Mar-00 RCC62 v1.1
widths and cracking added in DATA!
First public release.
6-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes version comments

Page 10
Notes

Page 11
 Notes

einforced Concrete
ions of its contents
hat for negligence)
BCA, RCC or their
re and publications
e that they are in

anying publication

freely, but may not

registered with the

Size (kB)
563
583
365
365
398

398

398

Page 12
Notes

Page 13
Notes

Page 14
Notes

Page 15