1.

0 TITLE :
Deflection Simple Supported Beam

2.0 EXPERIMENT OUTCOMES

What can from these experiments is the bending force will follow the load imposed
on the workpiece material kerja.apabila different then subjected to the same
bending force produced varying.

3.0 THEORY
In this experiment,the deflection of a simply beam subjected to an increasing point load. We will
also vary the beam length by changing the distance between the supports. This can find out the
relationship between the deflection and the length of the beam.

Figure 1

From the figure 1, we have:

1 = - (1)
y

If the material is homogeneous and behaves in a linear-elastic manner, then = / E.

Also, since the flexure formula applies, = - My/L. Combining these equations and substituting
into equation (1), we have,
1 = M (2)
EI

Where, = the radius of curvature at a specific point on the elastic curve (1/ is
 Referred to as the curvature)
M = the internal moment in the beam at the point where is to be determined
E = the materials modulus of elasticity
I = the beams moment of inertia computed about the neutral axis

The elastic curve for a beam can be expressed mathematically as v = f(x). To obtain this
equation, we must first represent the curvature (1/p) in terms of v and x. In most calculate books,
it is shown that this relationship is

1 = d2v/dx2 (3)
[1 + (dv/dx)2]3/2

substituting equation (2) into equation (3), we get

d2v/dx2 = M (4)
[1 + (dv/dx)2]3/2 EI

The above equation gives a non-linear second-order differential equation. Its solution,
which is called the elastic, gives the exact shape of the elastic curve, assuming, of course, that
beam deflections occur only due to bending.

In order to solve most of the deflection problems, equation (4) can be modified by written
as :
d2v = M (5)
dx2 EI

A B

P/2 P/2

Figure 2 : The apparatus in this experiment

 x
M

P/2

Figure 3 : Segment AB

+ M = 0 , M Px/2 = 0
M = Px/2

From equation 5, EI d2v/dx2 = M

= Px/2
EI dv/dx = Px2 / 4 + C1
EIv = Px3 / 12 + C1x + C2 (6)

The constant of integration are obtained by applying the boundary condition v = 0 at x = 0, and
the symmetry condition that dv/dx = 0 at x = L/2. This leads to

C1 = PL2 / 16 and C2 = 0

Substitutes inside equation (6),

Hence, EI v = Px3 / 12 + PL2x / 16

The maximum deflection happened at x = L/2, we have

EIv = P(L/2)3 / 12 PL2(L/2) / 16

EIv = PL3 / 96 PL3 / 32
EIv = PL3 / 48 (7)

Modifying equation (7) that y-axis is positive downwards, and P = W in this experiment,

EIv = WL3 / 48

v = WL3 (8)
48 EI
where W = Load (N);
L = Distance between the two support (m);
E = Youngs modulus for cantilever material (Nm-2);
I = Second moment of area of the cantilever (m4)

In this experiment,

I = bd3 / 12

where, b = width (m)

d = depth (m)

4.0 EQUIPMENT / MATERIAL

Ruler brass and steel

MFV

Knife-edge hanger

5.0 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Make sure the area safe for use

make sure the tools are used safely during an experiment

6.0 PROCEDURES
1. Now using the values for h and b calculated above and the given values of L,create
a new table that shows all of the different beam loading scenarios foreach beam.

2. You will now insert the data into a table as it is calculated with the use of a
dialgauge. Make sure to write down the initial reading of the dial gauge when thereis no
load. It will be important when calculating the deflection. An example of this table is
Table.

3. Now create a fourth table to calculate the Moment of Inertia for each of the
tenscenarios. Use the values of b, h and L already given and use the equation for Ifound
in the introduction. An example of this table is included in the nextsection, entitled Table

5: Moment of Inertia Calculations for All Scenarios.

7.0 RESULT

Practice 1 :

STEEL

Mass (kg) Dial gauge (mm)

400 800
0.5 0.21 0.13
1.0 1.29 0.87
1.5 1.35 1.24
2.0 1.75 1.56
2.5 2.22 2.92

BRASS
 Mass (kg) Dial gauge (mm)
400 800
0.5 0.3 1.24
1.0 0.56 1.46
1.5 0.76 1.69
2.0 1.24 1.85
2.5 1.73 2.16

8.0 DISCUSSION

It is interesting to note that the two methods used for calculating , Eplot and Ecalc, yield
very similar results, but not identical. This is due to the fact that Eplot used the slope for
finding the Modulus of Elasticity.

we may have reached less accurate results than with Ecalc which used the individual
values in the deflection equation.For this reason it is better to use the Ecalc method.
Bythis method there is less room for error. There is very little error with Ecalcbecause we
found the exact value of each deflection of beam scenario and then averaged them to get
average.

9.0 CONCLUSION

This experiment calculated the deflections of eight different beam scenarios and
confirmed that the results were reasonable using the equation for deflection and the slope
of the plots to find force Elasticity (E). Our results confirmed that the experiment was
successful.Our objectives were also met. We succes measured all of the dimensions of the
beams and their deflection in the laboratory. Then we organized all of the data into tables
in Excel. And lastly we made this information highly communicable by creating the
scatter plots that representour data graphically. The tables that compared values of the
experiment also helped to make the Excel document simpler to communicate to others.

10.0 REFERENCES
1. http://www.scribd.com/doc/62471288/Beam-Deflection-Lab

2. http://www.studymode.com/essays/Bending-Moment-And-Shearing-Force-
1073352.html

3. Ask lecturer and my friends.