Steam Generation Calculations of Boiler

Steam Requirement = 13.5 ton/hr

Feed water temperature = 28oC

Steam Pressure = 25 kg/cm2

Steam Temperature = 350oC

Boiling point at 25 kg/cm2 = 221.8oC

Specific Heat of Water = 4.62 KJ/kg

For the production of super-heated steam three phases are

involved.

In first phase sensible heat will be calculated then in 2 nd one

latent heat of vaporization will be calculated for saturated steam
then in 3rd phase have to calculate latent heat for superheated
steam.

1st Phase:
For the calculation of sensible heat feed water temperature
should be known i.e 28oC and for final temperature steam
pressure would be required i.e 25kg/cm2. At this pressure boiling
point of water is 221.8oC.

So now,

Q1 = mCpT

M = 13.5 ton = 13500kg

Q1 = 13500*4.62*(221.8-28)
= 12,087,306KJ/Hr

2nd Phase:
Then heat of vaporization will be calculated from steam table at
25kg/cm2.
there will be 2 values there, 1st will be total enthalpy which
includes sensible heat while 2nd value tells us just enthalpy of
vapors. Here we are needed with only heat of vaporization so we
will consider 2nd one i.e

Hv = 1848.5 KJ/kg

Q2 = m1

= 13500*1848.5

= 24954750KJ/hr

3rd phase:
Then enthalpy of super-heated will be calculated, procedure is as
follows as the enthalpy value at given temperature and pressure
is not available in steam table.

Required Pressure = 348lb/in2

Required temperature = 662oF

Values available in steam table are:

Temp=600 Temp=700
P=340 H=1311.4 H=1365.2
P=350 H=1310.6 H=1364.7

Calculations for 348lb/in2 at 600oF

350-348/1310.6-X1 = 348-340/X1-1311.4

2X1-2622.8 = 10484.8-8X1

X1 = 1310.76Btu/lb

Calculations for 348lb/in2 at 700oF

350-348/1364.7-X2 = 348-340/X2-1365.2

2X2-2730.4 = 10917.6-8X2

X2 = 1364.8Btu/lb

Now calculations at 662oF

700-662/1364.8-X = 662-600/X-1310.76

38X-49808.8 = 9461736-62X

X = 1344.264Btu/lb = 3126.8KJ/kg

This value of latent heat is total enthalpy of super heated steam

with saturated and sensible steam, to calculate value of latent
heat for super heated steam we have to subtract total latent heat
of saturated steam (from steam table) to total enthalpy of
superheated steam i.e

Hg (Total enthalpy of saturated steam) = 2800.4KJ/kg

H = 3126.8 2800.4

= 326.4KJ/kg

Q3 = m2

= 13500*326.4

=4406400KJ/kg

Total Heat Energy = 41448456KJ/kg

Assume Boiler Efficiency is 85%

Then,

Q = 4876288.9KJ/kg

= 11654330.5Kcal/hr
 Sui Gas Industrial:
Connection Capacity = 25MCF/hr = 25000Cf/hr

Calorific value of Sui gas = 935Btu/Cf

So energy produced = 25000*935

= 23375000Btu/hr

1Btu = 1.055KJ

So,

= 24660625KJ/hr

1KJ = 0.239Kcal

So now,

Heat Energy produced = 5893889 Kcal/hr

As 11654330.5Kcal/hr energy is required to produce = 13.5Ton

steam

So 5893889Kcal/hr energy will produce =

5893889*13.5/11654330.5

= 6.87ton/hr

Cf= Cubic feet SCf = Standard Cubic feet NCf = Normal

Cubic feet

MCf = Metric Cubic Feet MMCf = Million Cubic feet

Calorific value tells us about the heat energy released by gas per
cubic feet. Its value differs as composition so diff for diff gas
fields.

Bio Gas:
Some standards are given below:

COD reduction = 65%

Bio Gas production = 0.5m3/kg

Methane Content = 50-55%

Apent wash COD = 110,000mg/lit

Spent wash quantity = 58m3/hr = 58000lit/hr

Total COD = 58000*110,000 = 6380kg/hr

COD reduction = 6380*.65 = 4147kg/hr

Bio Gas Production = 0.5*4147 = 2073.5 m3/hr

Methane content = 2073.5*0.53 = 1098.9m3/hr

Calorific Value = 5400

Calorific Value of Bio gas = 59,34,357 Kcal/hr

Steam Produced = 5934357*13.5/11654330.5

= 6.88 ton/hr