Ministry of Higher Education

Kandahar University
Engineering Faculty
Water and Environmental Engineering Department
Hazardous & Solid Waste Management 2nd assignment (B)

Assigned Date: 11/9/1394 Due

Date: 9/10/1394

Attempt all the assigned questions, write neat and clear, copied would be
rejected

1) The town of Recycleville has 30,000 citizens. Each home in Recycleville

generates 1.1 tons of solid waste per year and has an average of 2.4
residents per service customer. The town has no commercial
businesses or schools. The local landfill has space for 100,000 tons and
charges $10 per ton. Once the landfill is full, the waste will need to be
sent to a remote landfill at a cost of $90 per ton.
a. What is the 10-year average disposal cost for the town, assuming
a rate of inflation of 5% per year?
b. What will be the cost per home?

2) A town near Recycleville (Problem 9-1), Trashville, generates about

40,000 tons per year of solid waste. Their landfill will be full in one
year. Assume that after Trashvilles landfill is full, their solid waste will
come to Recycleville.
a. If Recycleville wants to run its land- fill at no cost to the citizens
of Recycleville, what tipping fee should it charge Trashville?
b. How much sooner would the landfill have to close if it accepted
Trashvilles refuse?
c. If you are the mayor of Recycleville, what would you do about
solid waste from Trashville?
3) A community wants to construct a hazardous waste incinerator for
household hazardous wastes. The capital cost of the facility is expected
to be $5,000,000. The cost of operating this facility is estimated to be
about $20,000 per year plus salaries of $100,000 annually. The

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 insurance on the facility will be $5000 per year. What is the annual cost
of this facility to the community? Assume an interest rate of 6.125%
and a useful life of 15 years.

4) A community wants to buy a refuse collection vehicle that has an

expected life of 10 years and costs $150,000. They choose to pay back
the loan in 10 annual installments at an interest rate of 6.125%. The
cost of operating the truck (gas, oil, service) is $20,000 per year. How
much will this vehicle cost the community every year?

5) Assume that refuse has a C/N ratio of 24:1. If raw sludge with a C/N of
16:1 is to be added to refuse to reach a required C/N of 20:1, how
much of eachrefuse and sludgeis needed? (Note: Use a wet weight
basis.)

6) Assume that a city of 50,000 people uses on the average 20 million m 3

of natural gas per year. What fraction of this demand could be met by
digesting the refuse from this community?

7) Assume a rough estimate of MSW composition is as follows:

If 10,000 metric tonnes of this material is placed in a landfill, how

much methane gas would theoretically be produced by anaerobic
decomposition?

8) Estimate the production of CO2 and CH4 during the anaerobic

decomposition of ethanol, C2H6O.
9) Describe the difference between pyrolysis and gasification?

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10) A furnace dedicated to paper (assume pure cellulose, C6H10O5)

operates at 15 tons/hour, at 100% excess air. How much air is

required?
11) A sample of refuse has a moisture content of 20%. A 1.2 g sample is

placed in a calorimeter, and a gross calorific value of 6200 Btu/lb is

measured based on the temperature rise. Further analysis shows that

0.3 g of ash remains in the bomb calorimeter after combustion.

Calculate the HHV in terms of (a) moisture-free and (b) moisture- and

ash-free?
12) Suppose that a proposal is made to hand sort all of the refuse from a

town of 100,000 people. Estimate the manpower and cost required,

and describe the problems involved in implementing such a program?

13) Aluminum chips of uniform diameter 1.0 in. are to be separated from

glass of 100% less than 0.5 in. by use of a single deck reciprocating

screen. The total feed rate is 1 ton/h, consisting of 0.1 ton/h of

aluminum and 0.9 ton/h of glass. It is required to produce an aluminum

fraction that is 99% pure (by weight). Find the area and size of screen

required?
14) Estimate the critical speed and horsepower requirements for a

trammel screen, 3 m in diameter, processing refuse so as to run 25%

full.
15) A pneumatic conveyor is to move wood chips with a maximum

diameter of 1 in. Estimate the air velocity required?