Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Behzad Samadi
Department of Electrical Engineering
Amirkabir University of Technology
Winter 2011
Tehran, Iran
Outline:
Introduction
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
Ladder Diagrams
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
Ladder Diagrams
Instruction List
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
Ladder Diagrams
Instruction List
Structured Text
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
Ladder Diagrams
Instruction List
Structured Text
Sequential Function Chart
[Jack, 2008]
Outline:
Introduction
Hardware
Programming
Ladder Diagrams
Instruction List
Structured Text
Sequential Function Chart
Function Block Diagram
[Jack, 2008]
Definition:
A digitally operating electronic system, designed for use in an
industrial environment, which uses memory for the internal storage of
user-oriented instructions for implementing specific functions such as
logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic to control, through
digital or analog inputs and outputs, various types of machines or
processes.
[Fes, 2002]
What is a PLC?
A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer to
perform logic functions for machine control.
PLCs are used to implement logic functions such as not allowing a
drill press to start unless the operator has one hand on each of the
two start switches.
Such control functions used to be implemented using relays. PLCs
revolutionized this by allowing the control logic to be implemented
using software.
[Fes, 2002]
PLC Origin:
Developed to replace relays in the late 1960s
Costs dropped and became popular by 1980s
Now used in many industrial designs
[Jack, 2008]
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
networking
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
networking
Low space requirement
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
networking
Low space requirement
Low power consumption
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
networking
Low space requirement
Low power consumption
High processing speed
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Advantages of using PLCs:
Highly reliable
Highly versatile (universal applicability)
Simple troubleshooting
Simple installation
Quick modification of the program (highly flexible)
Capable of tasks not possible with relays before:
calculation
information exchange
text and graphic display
data processing
networking
Low space requirement
Low power consumption
High processing speed
No moving parts, hence no wearing parts
[Fes, 2002]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 6/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
[Fes, 2002]
[Fes, 2002]
[Fes, 2002]
[Fes, 2002]
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
IEC 61131-5 Communications
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
IEC 61131-5 Communications
IEC 61131-6 Functional Safety
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
IEC 61131-5 Communications
IEC 61131-6 Functional Safety
IEC 61131-7 Fuzzy control
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
International Standard for PLC
The IEC 1131 standards were developed to be a common and open
framework for PLC architecture, agreed to by many standards groups
and manufacturers.
They were initially approved in 1992, and since then they have been
reviewed as the IEC-61131 standards.
The main components of the standard are:
IEC 61131-1 Overview
IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
IEC 61131-3 Data types and programming
IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
IEC 61131-5 Communications
IEC 61131-6 Functional Safety
IEC 61131-7 Fuzzy control
IEC 61131-8 Guidelines for the application and implementation of
programming languages
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 8/1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Rockwell Automation
Rockwell Automation
Rockwell Automation
Rockwell Automation
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 12 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens LOGO!
Siemens AG
LOGO! integrates:
Control functions
An operating and display unit
Power supply
An interface for program modules and a PC cable
Ready-to-use basic functions that are often required in day-to-day
operation, such as functions for on/off delays and current impulse
relays
Time switch
Binary markers
Inputs and outputs according to the device type
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 24 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 25 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 25 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 25 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 25 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 25 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Siemens S7-300
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Closed-loop control
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Closed-loop control
Communication Processors (CP): Provide the following networking
facilities:
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Closed-loop control
Communication Processors (CP): Provide the following networking
facilities:
Point-to-Point connections
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Closed-loop control
Communication Processors (CP): Provide the following networking
facilities:
Point-to-Point connections
PROFIBUS
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Dummy Modules (DM): The DM 370 dummy module reserves a slot
for a signal module whose parameters have not yet been assigned. It
can also be used, for example, to reserve a slot for installation of an
interface module at a later date.
Function Modules (FM): Perform special functions:
Counting
Positioning
Closed-loop control
Communication Processors (CP): Provide the following networking
facilities:
Point-to-Point connections
PROFIBUS
Industrial Ethernet.
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Siemens S7-300
Siemens AG
Siemens AG
PLC manufacturers:
ABB
LG Industrial Systems
Allen-Bradley
Matsushita (Europe)/Aromat
ALSTOM/Cegelec
Mitsubishi
Beck Electronic/Festo
Omron
Beckhoff
Rockwell Automation
Bosch
Schneider Electric
Fisher & Paykel
Siemens/Moore Products
Fuji Electric
Toshiba
GE-Fanuc
Yamatake
Hitachi
Yokogawa
Honeywell
Selecting a PLC:
Number of I/Os
Kind of signals : digital or analog
Fieldbus system or standalone
Modular or compact
Operating voltage
Positive or negative triggerred input
Relay or transistor output
Operating systems
FESTO DIDACTIC
GLOFA GM4:
IEC standard programming: IL, LD, SFC
Max. I/O points: GM4A/B (2,048), GM4C (3,584)
Fast processing time with high-speed gate array
Fit for small-and medium-sized manufacturing line
In case of remote system configuration, large-scale control available
Cnet, DeviceNet, Fast Ethernet, Fnet, Profibus-DP, Rnet support
Downsizing and high performance/function
Special function modules
Analog I/O, PID, High-speed counter, Position control (APM), AT,
TC, RTD, etc
LS Industrial Systems (lsis.biz)
[Bolton, 2006]
[IEC, 2003]
Sequence Operation:
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
Motor Start-Stop
[Bolton, 2006]
Behzad
[Bolton,Samadi
2006] (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 62 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
Behzad
[Bolton,Samadi
2006] (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 66 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
[Bolton, 2006]
Stop switches:
[Bolton, 2006]
[Bolton, 2006]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
Timers:
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 73 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
ON Delay Timers:
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
Pulse Timers:
[IEC, 2003]
Pulse Timers:
[IEC, 2003]
Solution:
Solution:
Up Counter:
[IEC, 2003]
Down Counter:
[IEC, 2003]
Up-down Counter:
[IEC, 2003]
[Jack, 2008]
[Jack, 2008]
Question:
[Jack, 2008]
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 90 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Instruction list:
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 91 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Instruction list:
[Jack, 2008]
[Jack, 2008]
Structured text:
[Jack, 2008]
Structured text:
[Jack, 2008]
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 96 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
[Jack, 2008]
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 98 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Sequential Function Chart (SFC):
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 100 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
Sequential Function Chart (SFC):
Example: Controlling a stamping press
[Jack, 2008]
Behzad Samadi (Amirkabir University) Industrial Control 101 / 1
Programmable Logic Controllers
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[IEC, 2003]
[Jack, 2008]