E.

Laboratory Data

Name of Exam: Hematology Test

Definition: Hematology Test is used to analyze the amount and function of blood cells and
plasma.
Purpose: It is used to provide a profile of the patients blood.
Definition of Terms:
Hemoglobin: is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to
the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

Hematocrit: Hematocrit is the proportion of your total blood volume that is composed of red
blood cells. A hematocrit (Hct) test indicates whether you have too few or too many red blood
cells conditions that can occur as the result of certain diseases. Red blood cells, or
erythrocytes (uh-RITH-roe-sites), transport oxygen throughout your body.

Red Blood Cell count: analyzes the amount and function of blood cells and plasma. It is
important because RBCs contain hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to your bodys tissues. The
number of RBCs you have can affect how much oxygen your tissues receive. Your tissues need
oxygen to function effectively.

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV): shows the size of the red blood cells.

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH): the amount of hemoglobin in an average red blood
cell.

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC): measures the concentration of

hemoglobin in an average red blood cell.

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW): shows if the cells are all the same or different sizes or
shapes.

White Blood Cell count shows the level of white blood cells. WBCs are responsible for fighting
infection in the body. There are five subtypes of WBCs: neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils,
lymphocytes, and monocytes. WBCs are often drawn to determine infection, inflammation,
allergic response, and parasitic infection.

Platelet Count: The number of platelets in a specified volume of blood. It is used to diagnose
and/or to monitor certain types of bleeding and clotting disorders.

Neutrophil: It is a type of white blood cell, a type of granulocyte. It is the most abundant type
of granulocytes and the most abundant (40% to 75%) type of white blood cells in most
mammals. They form an essential part of the innate immune system.

Lymphocyte: It is a type of white blood cell that is part of the immune system. There are two
main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. The B cells produce antibodies that are used
to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins. The T cells destroy the body's own cells that
have themselves been taken over by viruses or become cancerous.

Date and Time Taken: July 06, 2016 at 2:24 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Hemoglobin 120.00 160.00 g/L 119 Indicates anemia due
(L)
to kidney damage.
Hematocrit 0.36 0.41 volFr (L) 0.33 Indicates anemia due
to kidney damage.
RBC Count 4.20 5.40 x 1012/L 3.90 Indicates anemia due
(L) to kidney damage.
MCV 80.00 96.00 fL 83.6 Normal
MCH 27.50 33.20 pg 30.5 Normal
MCHC 33.40 35.50 g/dL 34.5 Normal
(H)
RDW-CV 11.00 0.00% (H) 12.2 Indicates anemia due
to kidney damage.
WBC Count 4.50 11.00 x 109/L 19.6 Presence of infection
(H)
Platelet Count 150.00 460.00 High Result of an existing
condition such as
anemia.
Neutrophil 0.36 0.66 (H) 0.81 Presence of infection
Lymphocyte 0.24 0.44 (L) 0.19 Presence of infection

Date and Time Taken: July 09, 2016 at 1:18 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Hemoglobin 120.00 160.00 g/L 99 Indicates anemia due
(L) to kidney damage.
Hematocrit 0.36 0.41 volFr (L) 0.30 Indicates anemia due
to kidney damage.
RBC Count 4.20 5.40 x 1012/L 3.39
(L) Indicates anemia due
to kidney damage.

MCV 80.00 96.00 fL 87 Normal

MCH 27.50 33.20 pg 29.3 Normal
MCHC 33.40 35.50 g/dL 33.6 Normal
(H)
RDW-CV 11.00 0.00% (H) 13.8 Iron deficiency or
indicates anemia due
to kidney damage.
WBC Count 4.50 11.00 x 109/L 10.3 Normal
(H)
Platelet Count 150.00 460.00 High Result of an existing
condition such as
anemia.
Neutrophil 0.36 0.66 (H) 0.73 Presence of infection.
Lymphocyte 0.24 0.44 (L) 0.27 Normal

Name of Exam: HBA1C

Definition: The HbA1C test is a blood test for people with diabetes. It measures the average
blood glucose level over 2 to 3 months and is an important part of how diabetes is managed.
Purpose: The HbA1C test is done to show how well your blood glucose levels are being
controlled month after month.
Specimen: Whole Blood
Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance
HBA1C 3.5 6.0% 9.9% Diabetes mellitus is
poorly controlled.

Name of Exam: Urinalysis

Definition: It is a test that evaluates a sample of your urine.
Purpose: Urinalysis is used to detect and assess a wide range of disorders, such as urinary
tract infection, kidney disease and diabetes.
Date and Time Taken: July 06, 2016 at 10:39 AM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Color Pale yellow/ Straw- Straw Normal
colored
Transparency Clear or cloudy Hazy Normal
Reaction 5-6 6.0 Normal
Specific Gravity 1.005-1.025 1.015 Normal
Protein Negative 3+ Sign of kidney
disease. Healthy
kidneys do not allow
a significant amount
of protein to pass
through their filters.
Sugar Negative 1+ Indicates diabetes
mellitus. Due to high
blood glucose level
or decreased kidney
threshold
concentration.
RBC 4 Hpf + (7-8) Indicates damage in
excretory system.
Pus Cells 5-10Hpf ++(40-42) Existence of infection
Bacteria Negative Occasional Existence of infection

Date and Time Taken: July 06, 2016 at 09:27 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Color Pale yellow/ Straw- Straw Normal
colored
Transparency Clear or cloudy Hazy Normal
Reaction 5-6 6.0 Normal
Specific Gravity 1.005-1.025 1.015 Normal
Protein Negative 1+ Sign of kidney
disease. Healthy
kidneys do not allow
a significant amount
of protein to pass
through their filters.
Sugar Negative Trace Indicates diabetes
mellitus. Due to high
blood glucose level
 or decreased kidney
threshold
concentration.
RBC 4 Hpf 1+ Normal
Pus Cells 5-10 Hpf 2+(20-50) Existence of infection
Bacteria Negative No result

Date and Time Taken: July 08, 2016 at 1:29 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Color Pale yellow/ Straw- Pale straw Normal
colored
Transparency Clear or cloudy Hazy Normal
Reaction 5-6 6.0 Normal
Specific Gravity 1.005-1.025 1.015 Normal
Protein Negative 2+ Sign of kidney
disease. Healthy
kidneys do not allow
a significant amount
of protein to pass
through their filters.
Sugar Negative Trace Indicates diabetes
mellitus. Due to high
blood glucose level
or decreased kidney
threshold
concentration.
RBC 4 Hpf Occasional Normal
Pus Cells 5-10 Hpf ++(35-37) Existence of infection
Bacteria Negative Occasional Existence of infection

Date and Time Taken: July 10, 2016 at 12:25 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Color Pale yellow/ Straw- Straw Normal
colored
Transparency Clear or cloudy Hazy Normal
Reaction 5-6 6.0 Normal
Specific Gravity 1.005-1.025 1.025 Normal
Protein Negative 1+ Sign of kidney
disease. Healthy
kidneys do not allow
a significant amount
of protein to pass
through their filters.
Sugar Negative 2+ Indicates diabetes
mellitus. Due to high
blood glucose level
or decreased kidney
threshold
concentration.
RBC 4 Hpf Occasional Normal
Pus Cells 5-10 Hpf 1+(5-20) Presence of infection
Bacteria Negative No result

Name of Exam: Clinical Chemistry

Definition: It is the area of clinical pathology that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily
fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes (not to be confused with medicinal chemistry).
Purpose: To measure levels of chemical components in body fluids.
Specimen: Whole Blood
Date and Time Taken: July 06, 2016 at 09:31 PM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

Creatinine 53.00 97.00 umol/L 97.1 Elevated creatinine
(H) level signifies
impaired kidney
function or kidney
disease.
Sodium 135.00 148.00 129.3 Indicates kidney
mmol/L (L) damage.
Potassium 3.50 5.30 mmol/L 4.61 Normal

Date and Time Taken: July 07, 2016 at 09:03 AM

Examination Reference Range Actual Findings Significance

FBS 3.89 6.00 Mmol/L 8.18 Elevated blood
(H) glucose is the key
finding in people that
have diabetes.
Uric Acid 150.00 360.00 433.7 High levels of uric
mmol/L (H) acid are associated
with a condition
called gout. Gout is a
form of arthritis that
causes swelling of
the joints, especially
in the feet and big
toes.
Total Cholesterol 3.88 -6.47 mmol/L 4.91 Normal
Triglycerides 0.11 -2.15 mmol/L (H) 2.37 High levels of
triglycerides in the
blood are associated
with an increased risk
of developing
cardiovascular
disease (CVD)
HDL 1.00 2.00 mmol/L 0.74 Indicates an
(L) increased risk of
heart disease that is
independent of other
risk factor
LDL 1.30 3.40 mmol/L 3.09 Normal