Anhydrous Ammonia

Ammonia vapour density being less than air, the vapour shall be supplied to the
upper part of the cargo tank, and exhausted from the bottom.

The ignition energy of Ammonia being approximately 600 times that of other liquefied
gases is not considered to present a particularly high risk of ignition, and in
consequence is permissible to be mixed with air. However, as it is not entirely
impossible to ignite an Ammonia / air mixture all other safety precautions carried out
in respect of LPG cargoes must be followed.

The main danger in handling Ammonia is its toxicity, and its attraction to moisture.
Quite small concentrations will be readily detectable by the human nose, the
threshold limit value being only 25 ppm. (LPG TLV 1000 ppm). Ammonia inhalation
causes irritation to the respiratory system, and prolonged exposure can cause
serious permanent damage. Although, it is possible to purge air / Ammonia mixtures
whilst at anchor, very careful consideration must be given to vapour dispersion to
ensure the after accommodation and machinery spaces are at all times clear of
Ammonia vapour. Unless other considerations make it impossible, purging with
Ammonia should always take place utilising shore vapour return, or
underway on completion of loading.
Sampling will be carried out as per LPG purges, however, a specialised instrument
called a Bunte Burrette must be used.