4/10/2017 DeepwateranchoringsafepracticebyVLCC

DeepwateranchoringsafepracticebyVLCC

VLCCindeepwater

Anchoringinto"Deepwater"whichisdefineddepthofwaterisbeyond50meter,mustbecarriedoutwith
"WalkbackStyle,however,ontheVLCCoperationthereexistssuchabiginertia,Mastercantreatwith
Walkingbackstyleevenintheanchoragewherewaterdepthlessthan50m,iffollowingconditionsareto
beforecasted.
a)Strongwind/currenteffect

b)Highdensityanchorageoranchoragewithrestrictedarea

c)Indistinctdepthofwaterorbottommaterial

Principleprocedure

Walkbackchains

Iftheareawherewaterisdepthbeyond50m,mastershouldbeconsideredheisgoingtoanchorintothe
"deepwater",allchainsmustbedrawnoutby"WalkbackStyle".

Ship'sheadingbeforecommencingWalkbackchains

Ship'sheadingonfinalapproachingshouldbefacedintotheWindandCurrentwhichcanprovidegood
advantagetocontrolgoodship'spose(heading)whenAnchorjustFoldingandalsoforMinimizingof
Swingingratetowindwardorcurrentward.

Ship'sspeedduringWalkbackchains

Ship'sspeedduringWalkbackchainmustbecontrolledas"0"withspeedoverthegroundbyGPSand/or
DopplerSonar,orlessthanspeedofWindlassWalkbackCapacity(Speed).

Broughtupanchor

Thestatusofbroughtupanchorshouldbeconfirmedasholdingchainsbywindlassbrakeafterdrawnout
requiredlengthofchains.

Additionalpractice

Asternengine

Although,onRFPP(RightturnFixedPitchPropeller)vessels,whenshipispropellingwithasternengine,
ship'sheadturnstorightasontheoretical,however,it'stobeaffectedgreatlybytheprimaryinertia.

Swingwayshallbeestimatedtotallywithfollowingfactors

a)CharacterofmovementwhileusingasternengineonFPRvessels

b)Characterthatshipsheadingturnstowindward

Thisfactorisremarkableasinballastcondition

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c)Driftingvalueofwindand/orcurrenttoleeside

Thisfactorisremarkablewhileship'sproceedingwithlowspeed.

d)TrendofWind/Currentdirectionwhichship'sheadingwillfollow.

e)Sinceineachcase,FinalinertiawaypriortoanchoringismostaffectedtomovementduringWalkback
chains,thisinertiacanbemanagedoccasionallywithOneKickofAheadEnginewithHardAngleof
Rudder.

Approachingspeed

Toplanasagradualdecreaseastosecureremainingspeedovertheground"0"byGPSspeedwhen
commencingto"WalkingbackChains"bymeansofoperatingmainenginetoaheadandastern.

Note:

Includinganchoringatstrongcurrentarea,it'srequiredtoconfirmiftheshiphasbeenstationarywith
O.G.speedbyGPSand/orDopplerSonar,alsobyallmeansoffollowings.

Forthesaketobesureifshiphasstoppedmovingcompletely,themastershouldcheckwithfollowing
signstotally,evenifnolandmarksandsignalsareavailabletouse.

a)ReportsbyBowanchorwatchmenwithobservingtheconditionofthecutwateronstem(and/orthe
anchorchain).

b)Sameasabove,it'sagoodpracticetouseHandleadtocheckthefinemovement.

c)GPSspeedmonitoronARPAshowingslightpositivespeedwiththeOwnedcursordirectingtowards
almostverticallywithship'sheading.

d)Asternpropelledwavehasreachedtoforwardoflivingquarter.

WalkBackspeed

Onthestandard,theweighingchainspeedis15cm/second(=oneshackle27.5meter/3minutes).Its
correspondingto0.3ktsofship'sspeed.

Itmeansshipsspeedwithcombiningturningrateanddriftingtowindandcurrentleesideshouldbe
controlledlessthan0.3ktsagainstdirectionanchorchainisgoing.

DonotusepropellingbeyondmaneuveringHalfAhead/AsternEngine,exceptinemergencycases,once
walkbackiscommenced.

Communicationbetweencommanderinwheelhouseandbowanchorwatchmen

Forthegoodimageasmacrowisetoactualship'sposeandconditionofanchoringprogress,Bow
watchmenmustreportfollowingtotheCommanderontheBridge.

a)Approachingspeedshouldfollowagradualdecreaseplan

Beforearrivingatanchorage,EyeestimationspeedbybowwatchmenshouldbeverifiedwithGPSor
Dopplerlog.
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b)Reducingspeedforanchoring

Pleasenoteship'sspeediscorrespondedasfollows

1.0kts=aprx.50cm/sec

0.5kts=aprx.25cm/sec

0.2kts=aprx.10cm/sec

c)Anchoringspeed(Goingwalkback)

Ifshipisstationaryjustpriortoanchoringwithobservingcutwateratstemandanchorchainsinwater

d)Statuschainnumberhavebeendrawnoneachshackleinterval

Itispreferabletoreportas"XXshacklesinthewater"inorderforthecommandertoeasilyvisualize
Lengthofchainsbeinginthewaterandcanestimatetimingoftouchinganchorwithbottom.

bothcommanderandbowwatchmenmustacknowledgethelengthofanchorshankwhentakingaccount
lengthofcable.

e)Anchorchaindirectionandtightnessafterbottomtouch

Reportshallbecombinationoffollowingfactor

ForHorizontaldirection:
"clockwise"and"straightdown"(orupright)

ForVerticaldirection:
"asLonghand(oftheclock)"

"asShorthand(oftheclock)"

ForTightness:
"Strongtight","Moderatetight,"Easytight"and"Slack"

Ex.Chain2o'clockasshorthandwithmoderatetight

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