Antentop 2016-01

ANTENTOP 01 2016 # 020
ANTENTOP is FREE e-magazine devoted to ANTENnas

Theory,
1-2016 Operation, and
Practice
Edited by hams for hams
In the Issue: UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 Thanks to our authors:

Antennas Theory! (14.0- 29.5- MHz)
Prof. Natalia K.Nikolova
Practical design of HF Antennas!
Nick Kudryavchenko,
Propagation! UR0GT
Design of Dual 50/144- MHz Aleksandr Grachev,

Antennas! UA6AGW
Simple Tube Receivers! Igor Vakhreev, RW4HFN
And others..
Two Tube DSB Receiver EDITORIAL:

Well, my friends, new ANTENTOP 01
-2016 come in! ANTENTOP is just
authors opinions in the world of
amateur radio. A little note, I am not
native English, so, of course, there are
some sentence and grammatical
mistakes there Please, be indulgent!
ANTENTOP 01 2016 contains
antenna articles, History Articles,
Simple Tube Receivers. Hope it will be
interesting for you.
Our pages are opened for all amateurs,
so, you are welcomed always, both as
a reader as a writer.
Copyright: Here at ANTENTOP we just Contact us: Just email

wanted to follow traditions of FREE flow of 73! Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW me
information in our great radio hobby igor.grigorov@gmail.com
around the world. A whole issue of ex: RK3ZK, UA3-117-386,
ANTENTOP may be photocopied, printed,
pasted onto websites. We don't want to
NB: Please, use only plain
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There is! Any work is copyrighted by the without reading.
author. All rights to a particular work are
EN5QRP, EN100GM
reserved by the author.
ANTENTOP is FREE e-magazine, available FREE at http://www.antentop.org/

ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Editorial
Welcome to ANTENTOP, FREE e - magazine!
ANTENTOP is FREE e- magazine, made in PDF, Publishing: If you have something for share with
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A little note, I am not native English, so, of course,

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Dear friends, please, note, I respect Copyright. Always, websites, from commercial CDs, intended for
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73! Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW

ex: UA3-117-386, UA3ZNW, UA3ZNW/UA1N, UZ3ZK, RK3ZK
op: UK3ZAM, UK5LAP,EN1NWB, EN5QRP, EN100GM
http://www.antentop.org/ Editorial
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Antenna Theory Page
PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS

Prof. Natalia K. Nikolov
Dear friends, I would like to give to you an interesting and reliable antenna
theory. Hours searching in the web gave me lots theoretical information about
1 antennas. Really, at first I did not know what information chose for ANTENTOP.
5- 18
Now I want to present to you one more very interesting Lecture - it is
LECTURE 18: PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS. Planar arrays are
more versatile; they provide more symmetrical patterns with lower side lobes,
much higher directivity (narrow main beam). They can be used to scan the
main beam toward any point in space
HF- Antenna Practice
RX3MS Helical Antennas

Vladimir Turkin, RX3MS
19- 22
Below there are described three Helical Antennas. All of the antennas were made
2
and tested by RX3MS. The antennas later were repeated at several amateur's
stations and the antennas showed good efficiency........
Modified Beverage Antenna

Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW
I took the decision. At last! I took the decision to participate in CQ- WW- 160- 23- 29
3
Meter Contest. My setup for the Contest was IC- 718 and Beverage Antenna
described at Antentop- 01, 2015. The antenna had termination resistor 450-
Ohm/25-Wtt. It allowed me run the IC-718 on 50-Wtt without damage to
Beverage's termination load. So I decided participate in the Contest as a Low
Power (up to 150-Wtt) Single Operator...
Attic Antenna for 40-, 30-, 20-, 17-, 15-, 12 and 10 meter Band
4 Eugene Viktorovich 30
The antenna was installed in the attic. Antenna was matched with help an
Automatic ATU in 40-, 30-, 20-, 17-, 15-, 12 and 10 meter amateur Bands. The
Antenna worked satisfactory on the above mentioned bands........
Simple Magnetic Loop Antenna for a Journey

5 Alexander Eryomin, R2DHF 31- 32
The Magnetic Loop Antenna is designed especially for working from journey. The
Antenna is ready for operation from disassembled to assembled condition in
several minutes. Antenna contains cheap or not hard to find stuff. I spend less $
50.0 for kit for the antenna. ......
Page 1 http://www.antentop.org/
Table of Contents
Page
Beverage Antenna. Theoretical Look on Practical Result
6 33- 45
My Beverage Antenna (that was described at:
http://www.antentop.org/019/va3znw_019.htm. The antenna was successfully
tested at CQ WW 160- Meter Contest (CW), CQ WPX (2016, CW) and ARRL
International CW Contest (2016). I worked there with my IC- 718 using only
50 90- Wt.
However it stands interesting for me what is the theoretical data for my

Beverage Antenna. .....
UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 (14.0- 29.5- MHz)
7 Aleksandr Grachev, UA6AGW
46- 49
UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 can work in frequency range from 14.0 to
29.5 MHz that is covered 20. 17, 15, 12 and 10- meter amateur Bands. This
is provided by tuning the antenna in resonance to the used band with help
of a remote- control variable capacitor installed at the antenna. UA6AGW
Antenna V. 20-10.51 is designed for easy and quick installation in the
field....
Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band

Nikolay Kudryavchenko, UR0GT 50- 51
8
Below described three elements YAGI for the 20- meter Band. Model of the
YAGI was simulated by UR0GT. The antenna has very high gain- almost
14.4- dB at central frequency 14.15- MHz. Antenna covers all 20- meter
band with SWR 2.5: 1.0 at the edges
Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window
9 Nikolay Kudryavchenko, UR0GT
Below described Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- 52- 53
Window. Model of the antenna made by UR0GT. Antenna has "compact"
sizes related to the 160- meter band. However with the dimensions the
antenna has good parameters at the DX- Window at the 160- meter
Band.....
Low Height Narrow Delta Antenna for the 80, 40, 20 and 15- meter Band
10 Nikolay Kudryavchenko, UR0GT
54
Below described Low Height Narrow Delta Antenna for the 80, 40, 20 and
15- meter Band. The Antenna was simulated by UR0GT for DE7RAO, for
his defined conditions of possibility for antenna placement. However the
antenna design should be interesting for those amateur who has tied
conditions for antenna installation or for amateurs who participated in field
day. ....
Table of Contents
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020
Table of Contents
Page
Simple HF Antenna for the 20-, 17-, 15-, 12- and 10- meter Band
Andrey Korsakov, RA4NF
11 55
Below described a very simple HF Antenna for the 20-, 17-, 15-, 12- and 10-
meter Band. Antenna is fed by 50- Ohm coaxial cable. Antenna has very simple
design and does not require any tuning if it made according the drawing....
VHF ANTENNAS
Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

Igor Vakhreev, RW4HFN
12 Below described simple dual band vertical antenna for the 6- and 2- meter 56- 58
Band. Model of the antenna was simulated by RW4HFN. Antenna may be made
from a rigid copper/aluminum wire. Antenna does not require any tuning
elements. Antenna made according to the description already should work at the
two bands.....
Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

13 59- 61
Below described simple dual band vertical antenna for the 6- and 2- meter
two bands....
Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

14 Igor Vakhreev, RW4HFN
Below described simple dual band vertical antenna for the 6- and 2- meter 62-64
two bands....
Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band

65- 66
Below described simple three elements vertical YAGI for the 2- meter Band.
15
Model of the YAGI was simulated by RW4HFN. The antenna is very simple
to make and tune. Antenna may be made from a rigid copper/aluminum
wire....
Table of Contents
Page
UHF ANTENNAS
Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band

Yuriy Skutelis, RN3DEK
67-68
Short Five Elements Antenna (length 50- cm) made of aluminum rod (or
16
tube) in diameter 5- mm. Antenna designed for repeater sub- band.
Antenna has gain near 7.4- dBd at 439.0- MHz. F/B at the frequency is 35.9
dB....
Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Yuriy Skutelis, RN3DEK 69- 70
17
Broadband Five Elements Antenna (length 50- cm) designed on the base of
Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band (Antentop 01- 2016). The
antenna has low SWR at the upper edge of the 70- cm Band. Antenna made of
aluminum rod (or tube) in diameter 3- mm. Antenna has gain near 7.2- dBd at
439.0- MHz. F/B at the frequency is 35.3 dB.....
Propagation
Black Holes in the Air
18 Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW 71
Article about Black Holes in the Air was published in Antentop Magazine
http://www.antentop.org/black_holes.htm. As I mentioned there I did not
observe Black Holes in the Air. At those times I say no. Time lasts.It
happened in March- 2013 ...
Tube DC Receivers
Simple Two Tube Direct Conversation Receiver

Aleksandr Viktor
19 72
It is very simple DC receiver contains only two tubes. No one

semiconductor there is here. This receiver made by me on the base of
Kazuhiro Sunamura 12V- Tube receiver....
Simple Four Tube DC Receiver for the 80- meter Band

Aleksandr Viktor
20 73- 74
The receiver was made on the base of my experimenters with simple DC
receiver described at previous article (Simple Two Tube Direct Conversation
Receiver) and on the base of the receiver Kazuhiro Sunamur. There were
used very old tubes however the receiver worked well with those ones. ....
Table of Contents
Page
Regenerative Receivers
Simple regenerative Receiver BARER 1

21 DedVova 75
The very simple regenerative receiver was made for 40- meter ham band. The
receiver worked very stable. You did not need tune the R10 (Regeneration)
through the band once it is already adjusted. The receiver was compared with
two commercial ones- TECSUN PL600 and DEGEN- 1103. My regenerative
receiver worked much better on the 40- meter band....
Experimenters
Experimenters with Non Snap Ferrite Cylinder Bead RF Chokes

22 Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW
Recently there are lots devices that contained some RF sensitive or vice versa 76- 81
RF generation parts inside. It is power AC/DC converters (aka power supply),
Computers, Computer Monitors, et cetera. Most common way to radiate
unwanted interferences or receipt unwanted interferences is cables going apart
those above mention parts....
History
Time Machine. QSLs from the Past from E- QSL.

23 82
I had three call signs when I have been lived in Russia. It is UA3ZNW
(1983- 1990), UZ3ZK (1990- 1993) and RK3ZK (1993- 2004). There were
made near 30 thousands QSOs, I got several boxes of QSL Cards.
However, I managed bring to Canada less the 100 cards from different
calls....
MEMORANDUM ON THE BEVERAGE WAVE ANTENNA FOR RECEPTION OF

FREQUENCIES IN THE 550 - 1500 KILOCYCLE BAND: BY Benjamin Wolf and
24 Adolph Andersen 83- 90
There are lots articles on Beverage Antenna. However one of the most
important one is "Memorandum on the Beverage Wave Antenna for
Reception of Frequencies in the 550 - 1500 Kilocycle Band" by Benjamin
Wolf and Adolph Andersen, dated April 1, 1958. On the report there were
based lots amateur and science researches on the topic Beverage
Antenna......
Page 4.1 http://www.antentop.org/

Table of Contents
Page
BOOKs
High- Height Invisible Antennas
Light description of the book and link to download.... 91

25
Shortened Helical Antennas

26 92
Light description of the book and link to download....
Direction Finding Handbook for Wireless Operators : by: W. E. Crook

27
Preface to Second Edition: In preparing the second edition of this work, it was 93
left desirable to extend its scope and cover the interests of the aircraft
operator....
Patents
Short Dipole Antenna 94- 100
28 Just description of the patent.....
Page 4.2 http://www.antentop.org/

ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Antenna Theory
www.antentop.org Page-4.3
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS
Feel Yourself a Student!
Dear friends, I would like to give to you an interesting and reliable antenna theory. Hours searching in the web
gave me lots theoretical information about antennas. Really, at first I did not know what information to choose
for ANTENTOP. Finally, I stopped on lectures Modern Antennas in Wireless Telecommunications written by
Prof. Natalia K. Nikolova from McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
You ask me: Why?
Well, I have read many textbooks on Antennas, both, as in Russian as in English. So, I have the possibility to
compare different textbook, and I think, that the lectures give knowledge in antenna field in great way. Here first
lecture Introduction into Antenna Study is here. Next issues of ANTENTOP will contain some other lectures.
So, feel yourself a student! Go to Antenna Studies!
I.G.
My Friends, the above placed Intro was given at ANTENTOP- 01- 2003 to Antennas Lectures.
Now I know that the Lecture is one of popular topics of ANTENTOP. Every Antenna Lecture
was downloaded more than 1000 times!
Now I want to present to you one more very interesting Lecture 18- it is a Lecture PLANAR
ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS. I believe, you cannot find such info anywhere for free! Very
interesting and very useful info for every ham, for every radio- engineer.
So, feel yourself a student! Go to Antenna Studies!
I.G.
McMaster University Hall Prof. Natalia K.

Nikolova
PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS

Planar arrays are more versatile; they provide more symmetrical patterns with lower side lobes, much higher
directivity (narrow main beam). They can be used to scan the main beam toward any point in space
by Prof. Natalia K. Nikolova
www.antentop.org Page-5
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 HF- Antenna Practice
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 RX3MS Helical Antennas
By: TURKIN VLADIMIR, RX3MS
Below there are described three Helical Antennas. Antenna mast was installed on balcony railing that was
All of the antennas were made and tested by placed at 5 meter above the ground.
RX3MS. The antennas later were repeated at
several amateurs stations and the antennas showed From the antenna a 5-meter length coaxial cable was going to
good efficiency. home brew ATU that provide additional matching of the
helical antenna with transceiver. Figure 1 shows RX3MS
Antennas were tested at balcony placed at first floor Helical antenna.
of two store wooden house.
Figure 1 RX3MS Helical antenna
www.antentop.org Page- 19
33 meters of twin wire 300- Ohm TV Cable was Figure 2 shows MAXI RX3MS Helical antenna. The antenna
wound around a bamboo fishing pole in 5 meter was made on the mast in 10- meter length. A dry Pine Tree
length. Line on the antenna up end was opened. Pole was used to make the mast. On top of the mast was
Line at the antenna down end was closed. A installed a 7- meter long plastic fishing pole. 30 meters of twin
transformer was installed at the antenna. wire line in plastic insulation was wound around the plastic
Transformer was made on to a ferrite ring in fishing pole. Line on the antenna end was opened. The same
dimensions 60x40x10 (ODxIDxH). It were wound by line was downed to the balcony rail. A transformer was
a twisted wire 8 turns, schematics is shown in the installed at the antenna. Transformer was made on to a ferrite
Figure 1. Antenna had grounding. It was made by ring in dimensions 60x40x10 (ODxIDxH). It were wound by a
wire in dia 3- mm that was connected to aluminum twisted wire 8 turns, schematics is shown in the Figure 2.
tube in 3- meter length that was inserted to the Antenna had grounding. It was made by wire in dia 3- mm
ground. The antenna could be tuned from 1.8 to that was connected to aluminum tube in 3- meter length that
30.0- MHz. was inserted to the ground. The antenna could be tuned from
1.8 to 30.0- MHz.
Figure 2 MAXI RX3MS Helical antenna
Figure 3 shows MINI RX3MS Helical antenna. The Transformer was made on to a ferrite ring in dimensions
antenna was made on the mast in 5- meter length. A 60x40x10 (OD x ID x H). It were wound by a twisted wire 8
dry Pine Tree Pole was used to make the mast. On turns, schematics is shown in the Figure 3. Antenna had
the mast was inserted a plastic water pipe tube in grounding. It was made by wire in dia 3- mm that was
diameter 40- mm and 1.5- meter long. 33 meters of connected to aluminum tube in 3- meter length that was
twin wire line in plastic insulation was wound around inserted to the ground. The antenna could be tuned from 1.8
the plastic water pipe tube. Line on the antenna up to 30.0- MHz.
end was opened. 3.5 meter length wire in 2- mm
diameter is going to the transformer.
Figure 3 MINI RX3MS Helical antenna
Antenna was tuned with help of a tuner shown in For L1 inductor it was used an old variometer with roller from
Figure 4. The tuner could match all of three helical ex-Soviet military transmitter. The ATU could be tuned by
antennas with transceiver. Tuner matches with the internal SWR- Meter of the transceiver or by a neon bulb. You
transceiver with help of a triple variable capacitor 11- just need to install proper capacitor to view glowing of the
75- pF It is a usual variable capacitor from an old bulb. It is possible to tune the antenna system by FSM
tube receiver. However each second plate at the installed at the transmitting site.
capacitor is deleted. Second capacitor C2 is air-
dielectric capacitor with gap between plates 2-mm. All of the three antennas was tested at QRP Power and
Such ATU could afford RF-Power going through in showed good result.
100- watts.
73! DE RX3MS
Figure 4 Antenna Tuner by RX3MS for his Helical antennas
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Modified Beverage Antenna
By: Igor Grigorov, va3znw, Richmond Hill, ON,

Canada
I took the decision. At last! I took the decision to Note: I use to a Japan made wall mounted SWR Meter
participate in CQ- WW- 160- Meter Contest. My (Handic brand) constantly turned on to the antenna cable. As
setup for the Contest was IC- 718 and Beverage usual I use to the SWR meter to measure antenna current
Antenna described at Antentop- 01, 2015 while transmitting. However seldom I use the SWR- Meter to
(http://www.antentop.org/019/va3znw_019.htm). The measure SWR in my antenna (to prove the IC- 718 internal
antenna had termination resistor 450- Ohm/25- Wtt. SWR- Meter). Sometimes I used FSM function at the SWR-
It allowed me run the IC-718 on 50- Wtt without Meter.
damage to Beverages termination load. So I
decided participate as Low Power (up to 150- Wtt)
Single Operator in the Contest.
Finally Friday -29 (2016) came in. Of course, when I

came home from my job I did not run to the
transceiver like a crazy rabbit. I would like do
contesting for my pleasure not for big result.
However my transceiver was turned on. CQ TEST

from USA stations blown up my headphones. I
worked several hours in the test and discovered that
the 50- Watts is too little to be heard. Then I took
another decision. I increased output power up to
100- watts (96- Wtt actually). It gave result. Contest
stations begun to answer me in much better way (or
it was seems to me).
I was known that termination load at Beverage

Antenna could not stand 100- watts for a long time.
However I kept hope that frost (it was minus 7 C
degree) and wind (feels like minus 15 C with wind)
cool down the load. For some times the cold
weather hold situation under control. But Suddenly
SWR became floating. At every key down antenna
current became floating too. Finally at the end of a
short contest QSO the SWR meter of the IC- 718
showed infinity. It was happened what I waiting for.
Termination Load at the end of my Beverage
antenna was burned out.
I took a break in my contesting. I expected the

situation so I acted on to my plan. It was interesting
for me how the Beverage antenna with burned load
(anyway, it is already not a Beverage antenna it is
low profile wire antenna) would be worked at the
other bands. I made measurement of the antenna
with help of SWR- Meter of the IC- 718 and with help
of MFJ- 259B. Table 1 shows SWR of the Beverage
antenna with burned load measured by IC- 718.
Japan made SWR- Meter HANDIC
Table 2 shows SWR of the Beverage antenna with As you could see from the tables the Beverage antenna with
burned load measured by MFJ- 259B. MFJ- 259B burned load (anyway, it is already not a Beverage antenna it
does not indicates the character of the reactance is low profile wire antenna) became problematic to match with
(capacitance or inductive) so I used sign @ at the the transceiver at several bands, 160- meter was included.
reactance.
Table 1
Beverage Antenna with LDG Transformer without Termination Load. Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to
antenna is 50. Measurement by IC-718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
SWR 15 3.2 2.5 3.2 1.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 1.8
Table 2
Beverage Antenna with LDG Transformer without a Termination Load. Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to
antenna is 50. Measurement by MFJ- 259B
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z 9@j44 9@j30 21@j30 38@j56 27@j28 38@j50 100@j60 17@j8 114@j33
SWR 5.6 4.6 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.4
It was obviously at the reception. I heard lots So I need to restore the antenna in right way. Right way was
electrical noise, useful signal fall down especially it to install a new termination resistor. However I had not a new
was at 160, 80 and 40- meter bands. Anyway I one good non- inductive termination resistor. I had only a
attempted to restore my antenna back to Air. termination resistor made of from 10 wire- wound resistors on
Simplest way was to use an ATU. I have MFJ 4k7 connected to bridge. The load had 450- Ohm at DC.
VERSA TUNER II. In minutes the ATU was switched
between transceiver and antenna cable. But nobody
answered me. Electrical cracks and electrical noise
was so much hindered to the reception. I had
matched only antenna cable to my transceiver not
the antenna wire with cable. ATU could not help me
in the situation.
Termination Load on the Base of the Wire Wound

Resistors
MFJ VERSA TUNER II at my Station Wire Wound Resistor
Wire wound resistor (that was for the termination

load is used) is used for DC current limitation circuit
and is not intended for RF application. The resistor
has some significant reactance at RF. However the
resistor has 5- Watt of dissipation power. So all
together for the load it was at least 50- Watts. At my
experimenters such one resistor could stand
dissipation power up to 20- Watts. Resistor was very
hot but not burned. Well then I could not worry about
my 100 Watts going in to antenna. But how would
work the Beverage antenna with the wire wound
resistor? Anyway only experiment could show me
the result. I took flashlight put on coat and went with
the new load to my antenna.
In spite of cold (minus 7 C degree, minus 15 with

wind) and snow it not took long time to change
burned termination resistor to a good one. In my
Beverage Antenna the antenna wire and ground
wire are connected to the termination load with help Electrical Automotive Screw
of an electrical automotive screw (bought it in Home
Depot). So it took for me a moment to change the
load.
If you look attentively at the burned load you may

see that resistors from the load were burned out not
evenly. Some resistors have burned out resistive lay
in length in 1- 2- mm across them. Other resistors
are almost black with burned resistive lay in circle or
two circles of the resistors. There are completely
burned out resistors. It is typical condition of a
burned termination load of a Beverage Antenna. I
explain why it is this way.
When termination load is overload at the beginning

firstly electrically weak resistors are burned out. At
the next key down RF voltage at the antenna end
would be increased (because some resistors are
opened and summary resistance of the termination
load is higher the 450- Ohm). Then it would be Burned Termination Resistor
burned out the second parts of the resistors of the
termination load. However while the voltage is I made measurement of the antenna with wire wound
increased the resistors are burned out more termination load with help of SWR- Meter of the IC- 718 and
intensively. Then when we press key down the with help of MFJ- 259B. Table 3 shows SWR of the Beverage
several live resistors would get to much RF voltage Antenna with wire wound termination measured by IC- 718.
that finally destroyed at all the last live resistors. Table 4 shows SWR of the Beverage Antenna with wire
With each pressing down key the damage for live wound termination measured by MFJ- 259B. MFJ- 259B does
resistors would be sever compare to the first burned not indicates the character of the reactance (capacitance or
out ones. inductive) so I used sign @ at the reactance.
Table 3
Beverage Antenna with LDG Transformer Loaded to Bridge of 10 Wire Wound Resistors (overall resistance: 440
Ohm). Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to antenna is 50. Measurement by IC-718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
SWR 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.2
Table 4
Beverage Antenna with LDG Transformer Loaded to Bridge of 10 Wire Wound Resistors (overall resistance: 440
Ohm). Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to antenna is 50. Measurement by MFJ- 259B
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z 72@j8 59@j8 38@j7 78@j7 38@j7 79@j5 28@j35 113@j15 20@j13
SWR 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.7 2.2 2.5
SWR was not so bad with the new termination load Seller did not have any information for the cables and for the
made on the base of wire wound resistors. I tried the rings on it. However it was a good price and box with the
antenna directly connected to IC-718. I was again on cables jumped to my backpack. At home I found that lots of
the Air. Clean sound was at the 160 and 80- meter the rings had inner diameter in inch that allows me make
Bands. Contest stations begin answered to me. My an RF transformer with insulated windings with standard
station was restored. However it was already 3.00- copper inch tube (because the rings it was possible
a.m. I went to sleep. inserted on the inch tube).
At the next day I decided change unsymmetrical RF So at the day before evening with Contest I decided make
Transformer that was used at my Beverage Antenna transformer with insulated windings. I expected that the
to transformer with insulated windings. At the times transformer would provide better matching of the Beverage
when I installed the Beverage Antenna I had no stuff Antenna with coaxial cable. As well transformer with insulated
to make the transformer with insulated windings. windings should decrease the electrical noise level. Anyway if
the transformer would not good I may use my old transformer
However, at YORK REGION HAMFEST that was at made on the base of LDG Symmetrical Transformer. You
31- October, 2015, I bought butch of cables with may find lots design of such insulated RF transformer in the
ferrite ring on it. Internet.
Note: For example, link at ANTENTOP:
http://www.antentop.org/019/Two%20Broadband%20Symmetrical%20Transformers%20_019.htm
Figure 1 shows design of the transformer with

insulated windings. For the transformer it was used
10 ferrite rings and two length of copper tube in
inch OD. Photo shows kit for making the
transformer. I should say that at making the
transformer I met some unexpected problem. I had
short length (6- cm) of inch copper tube. I could
insert the rings on the tube. I had another one length
of copper tube (1- meter length) but I cannot insert
the rings on it. The diameter of the tube was a little
wide.
Of course it would be possible to decrease the

diameter with Dremel but I took the ring and went
to Home Depot. It was wonderful for me that among
the rolls of copper tube in inch OD I may found
tubes on which I may inserted the ferrite ring as well
I may found inch tube on which I could not Cable with Ferrite Ring on it
inserted the ring. So I took suitable tube roll with me.
Note: At my job I did measurement the both copper Tube on which I could not insert the ferrite rings had diameter
tubes. Tube on which I may insert the ferrite rings in 0.252- 0.255 inch. All dimensions were in the tolerance
had diameter in 0.248- 0.2495 inch. limits.
Figure 1 Transformer with Insulated Windings
Five rings were inserted on to copper tube in inch

OD. At one side a jumper connected the tubes. At
the other side a wire was soldered to the tubes. It
was winding for coaxial cable, 50- Ohm. Three turns
of insulated wire (300- V, 20- AWG) were inserted
inside of the copper tubes. It was second winding,
450- Ohm intended for Beverage Antenna. The
transformer was covered by wide shrink that after
thermal heating hold the rings.
Ready transformer was tested with small - Wtt

resistor on 450-Ohm. Table 5 shows data measured
by MFJ- 259B. MFJ- 259B does not indicates the
character of the reactance (capacitance or inductive)
so I used sign @ at the reactance. It looks like the
transformer was not optimal for the 160- meter band.
Though I decided try it. After 5 minutes I have the
transformer changed. I straight away did
Ferrite Rings and Copper Tubes for the RF
measurement of the Beverage
Transformer with Insulated Windings
Antenna with Transformer with Insulated Windings.

Table 6 shows data for Beverage Antenna with
Transformer with Insulated Windings measured by
MFJ- 259B. MFJ- 259B does not indicates the
character of the reactance (capacitance or inductive)
so I used sign @ at the reactance. Table 7 shows
data for Beverage Antenna with Transformer with
Insulated Windings measured by IC- 718.
SWR of the Beverage Antenna with the new

transformer was good. For my opinion level of the
electrical noise went down at all bands. The
transformer with Insulated Windings worked well.
Evening came to me and I turned on to the Test.
The load worked the last part of CQ- WW- 160-
Meter Contest without burning. After Contest I
visually checked the termination load. It looked like
new. During the test I made 124 QSO, 33- US
States and 3 Canadian Provinces. Not bad.
Ready Transformer with Insulated Windings
So it is possible use at Beverage Antenna
termination load made on the base of wire wound
resistors. It was a little surprisingly for me.
Table 5
Transformer 2x5 Rings loaded to a Metal Film Resistor in 450- Ohm. Measurement by MFJ- 259B
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z 33@j24 43@j14 44@j8 42@j6 40@j5 37@j5 35@j5 33@j7 32@j9
SWR 1.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
Table 6
Beverage Antenna with Transformer 2x5 Rings. Beverage Antenna Loaded to Bridge of 10 Wire Wound Resistors
(overall resistance: 440 Ohm). Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to antenna is 50. Measurement by MFJ- 259
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z 84@j43 60@j14 37@j8 63@j29 37@j6 81@j13 50@j13 49@j12 53@j12
SWR 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3
Table 7
Beverage Antenna with Transformer 2x5 Rings. Beverage Antenna Loaded to Bridge of 10 Wire Wound Resistors
(overall resistance: 440 Ohm). Length of the 50- Ohm Coaxial Cable to antenna is 50. Measurement by IC- 718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
SWR 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2
RF Transformer with Insulated Windings at RF Transformer with Insulated Windings at the

the Beverage Antenna. Open Plastic Food Beverage Antenna. Closed Plastic Food Box
Box
73! I.G., VA3ZNW
A Beverage antenna that can be improvised for military field communications, from a U.S. Army field manual. Rather
than being grounded, the resistor is attached to a second lower wire which serves as a counterpoise, an artificial
ground for the transmitter. Credit Line: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverage_antenna
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Attic Antenna for 40-, 30-, 20-, 17-, 15-, 12 and 10
meter Band
Eugene Viktorovich
The antenna was installed on the attic. Antenna was matched So, for the stub dipole there is used (240cm x 2 x
with help an Automatic ATU in 40-, 30-, 20-, 17-, 15-, 12 and 2= 960- cm) 960 cm of wire. Two lengths of the wire
10 meter amateur Bands. The Antenna worked satisfactory on in 40- cm each are connected to the Automatic
the above mentioned bands. ATU. Coaxial cable is going from the Automatic
ATU to shack with transceiver. Rest wire (near
For making the antenna you need length in 50- meters 39.6- m) is coiled around a form in diameter 55-
insulated wire in diameter 2.0 mm (12- AWG). The antenna is mm. Length of the winding is 80- cm.
a stub dipole with dimension 33- cm between wires and length
of each side 240 cm. The dimension between wires is set up In spite of the simplicity of the design the antenna
by empty plastic bottles (5- liter water container) that are used allows satisfactory work in the range of amateur
here as a spread insulator between the wires. bands.
Credit Line:
http://www.cqham.ru/forum/showthread.php?28949----14-/page17
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple Magnetic Loop Antenna for a Journey
By: Alexander Eryomin, R2DHF
Credit Line: Forum at www.cqham.ru
The Magnetic Loop Antenna is designed especially for

working from journey. The Antenna is ready for operation
from disassembled to assembled condition in several
minutes. Antenna contains cheap or not hard to find stuff. I
spend less $ 50.0 for kit for the antenna. However, I have
managed to buy the vacuum variable capacitor (old surplus
stuff) for good price. Figure 1 shows design of the Magnetic
Loop Antenna.
Loop of the antenna made of from a RG-213 Coaxial Cable

in 3- meter length. So the loop has diameter near 1- meter.
At both sides of the coaxial cable there are installed male PL-
259 connectors. The loop is formed by wooden spreaders (in
diameter 14- mm) with plastic holders on the ends. Figure 2
shows Central Spreader. Figure 3 shows End Spreader.
Coupling Loop has diameter 200- mm.
Figure 1 Magnetic Loop Antenna

Figure 2 Central Spreader
The loop made from copper strip in 10- mm wide. One end of The vacuum variable capacitor was old military
the Coupling Loop directly connected to the central core of Russian one, type KP, 5- KV, 5- 250- pF. The
feeding coaxial cable (50- Ohm) another end of the Coupling capacitor is placed in the box that literally holds the
Loop is connected to the shield of feeding coaxial cable. Magnetic Loop Antenna. Figure 5 shows the box.
Several ferrite snap RF chokes (what were in my junk- box) Figure 6 shows the box inside. Two female SO- 239
are installed on feeding coaxial cable near the Coupling connectors are installed at both sides of the plastic
LOOP. Figure 4 shows the Coupling Loop. box.
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple Magnetic Loop Antenna for a Journey
Figure 3 End Spreader
Figure 4 Coupling Loop

Figure 5 Plastic Box for Variable Capacitor
All plastic parts of the antenna made with 3D- Printer.
You may find file with the parts at:
http://www.antentop.org/020/R2DHF_020.htm
Antenna parts fastened with help plastic ties and

Velcro tape (you could see it on the figures).
Magnetic Loop Antenna was tested with Yaesu FT-

817. It was discovered (in receiving mode) that the
Antenna may be tuned from 10 to 80- meter Band.
Antenna was tested in transmission mode at the 10
and 20- meter Band. It worked quite satisfactory.
Best Regards, 73!

de R2DHF
Figure 6 Plastic Box for Variable Capacitor, Inside View
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Beverage Antenna. Theoretical Look on
Practical Result.
By: Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW
My Beverage Antenna (Figure 1, that was described at: However it stands interesting for me what is the
http://www.antentop.org/019/va3znw_019.htm ) is successfully theoretical data for my Beverage Antenna.
working at my station. The antenna was successfully tested at Parameters of the antenna were simulated with
CQ WW 160- Meter Contest (CW), CQ WPX (2016, CW) and NEC for MMANA. Table 1 shows the data for my
ARRL International CW Contest (2016). I worked there with my antenna. Maxima gain is given to the radiation
IC- 718 using only 50 90- Wt. angle at where it is.
Figure 1
Beverage Antenna at VA3ZNW Amateur Station
Table 1
Data for Beverage Antenna placed at 1.8 meter above the Ground, simulated with NEC for MMANA and measured
practically by SWR- Meter of IC- 718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
163- 476-j96 418- 460-j75 489+j5 387+j119 568+j79 379+j267 569+j51
Z j842 j213
12.66 1.24 1.64 1.18 1.09 1.38 1.32 1.9 1.32

SWR
-19.1 - 13 -9.8 -7.43 -5.33 -4.5 -2.65 -2.36 -0.26
Gain
At 51 79 77 64 56 52 47 45 42
Vertical
degree
SWR by 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2
IC-718
Practical Result.
The Table 1 shows that at all amateur HF Bands my Another important side of the Beverage Antenna is
Beverage Antenna has the gain much below zero. However it the Diagram Directivity. Below Figure 3 to Figure 11
is possible compensate at receiving mode by turn on the show DD of the Beverage Antenna at the 160, 80,
internal transceivers preamplifier. At transmitting mode only 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10- meter Bands in the
propagation may help me. However I often received reports vertical plane. Feedline with matching transformer is
559- 579 at 160- 20 Meter Bands where the antenna losses on the left side and the termination resistor is on the
are big enough. At the 17- 10 Meter Bands the report 599 is right side of the figures. As you can see from the
common one there. It is very interesting that practically Figure 3 - Figure 11 the DD of the Beverage
measured SWR is close to the theoretical one above the Antenna is far away from a perfect one. Antenna has
160- Meter Band where the some known inaccuracy in signification radiation into zenith. It is may be not bad
simulation is happened. Figure 2 shows SWR of the for 160- 40 Meter Bands where it gives local QSOs.
Beverage Antenna measured with the Rig Expert AA1000. It However at the higher bands it is just waist of the
is very close to the reading by the IC- 718 and to the transmitter power.
theoretical calculated by the NEC for MMANA.
Figure 2
SWR of the Beverage Antenna shown by the Rig Expert AA1000
Figure 4
Figure 3 DD of my Beverage Antenna at 80- Meter Band
DD of my Beverage Antenna at 160- Meter Band
Figure 5 Figure 6
DD of my Beverage Antenna at 40- Meter Band DD of my Beverage Antenna at 30- Meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Beverage Antenna. Theoretical Look on Practical
Result.
Figure 7 Figure 8
Figure 9 Figure 10
Of course after I have found the theoretical data for my

Beverage Antenna I would like to improve the antenna
efficiency. Most simple way to improve the efficiency of
a broadband Beverage Antenna is to connect to the
termination hot end an additional wire with length that
is not resonant for the used bands. To find the needed
length and possible practical configuration is a not
simple task. But I decided to do it. Additional wire in 7
meter length was connected to the antenna load.
Figure 12 shows the antenna. Parameters of the
antenna were simulated with NEC for MMANA. Table
2 shows the data for my antenna. Maxima gain is given Figure 11
to the radiation angle at where it is. DD of my Beverage Antenna at 10- Meter Band
Figure 12
Beverage Antenna with additional wire at the termination end
Result.
Table 2
Data for Beverage Antenna placed at 1.8 meter above the Ground with additional wire at termination side
(Figure 12), simulated with NEC for MMANA and measured practically by SWR- Meter of IC- 718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
133+J736 601+J239 100- 1233- 401+326 353_51 417+104 622- 277+711
Z J172 1518 204
12.56 1.71 5.16 7.12 2.14 1.32 1.29 1.65 6.14
SWR
-17 -10 -9.7 -1.21 -3.77 -2 -0.6 2.43 2.28
Gain
At 53 84 29 61 55 53 49 78 23
Vertical
degree
SWR 1.3 1.0 3.0 3.5 3.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2
by IC-
718
As you can see from the Table 2 additional wire

affected my Beverage Antenna. Antenna gain was
increased (theoretically) near to 3 dB at all working
Bands. However due high SWR I lost middle of HF
Bands- 40, 30 and 20- Meter Bands. I cannot say that I
have noticed significant difference in reception and
transmission mode at the rest Bands. Below Figure 13
to Figure 11 show DD of the Beverage Antenna at the
160, 80, 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10- meter Bands in
the vertical plane. Feedline with matching transformer
is on the left side and the termination resistor is on the
right side of the figures. DD the Beverage Antenna at
160 and 80 Meter Bands are practically identical so
those ones shown at one figure- Figure 13.
Figure 14
As you can see from the Figure 13 - Figure 20 the DD DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire at
of the Beverage Antenna with additional wire at termination load at 40- Meter Band
termination load changed compare to classical
Beverage Antenna. In theory the antenna should work
better compare to my old one. However the antenna as
well has signification radiation into zenith.
Figure 15
Figure 13 DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire at
DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire termination load at 30- Meter Band
at termination load at 160 and 80- Meter Band
Result.
Figure 17
Figure 16
DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire
DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire at
at termination load at 17- Meter Band
termination load at 20- Meter Band
Figure 19
Figure 18 DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire
DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire at at termination load at 12- Meter Band
termination load at 15- Meter Band
Anyway to have an objective appraisal the old and new

antenna it needs to do A- B test. I did not do it.
Unexpectedly I found that the antenna at some days have
received lots industrial electrical interferences. Because of
it and because of I need the 40, 30 and 20 meter Band the
antenna was de- configured to the classical design. Though
sometimes it seems to me that the antenna (with additional
wire) worked very well at 17, 15, 12 and 10 Meter Bands.
May be at some days I return back to experimenters with
Beverage Antenna with additional wire at termination load.
Next my experiment with my Beverage Antenna was

simple. Under the antenna I installed a copper wire that Figure 20
connected together ground at feeding transformer and
ground at termination load. Figure 21 shows design of the DD of modified Beverage Antenna with additional wire
Beverage Antenna. At early times when I experimented at termination load at 10- Meter Band
with Beverage Antenna I noticed that such additional wire
very often improved efficiency of the Beverage Antenna.
Parameters of the antenna were simulated with NEC for
MMANA. Table 3 shows the data for the antenna. Maxima
gain is given to the radiation angle at where it is.
Result.
Figure 21
Beverage Antenna with additional wire between feeding transformer and termination load
Table 3
Data for Beverage Antenna placed at 1.8 meter above the Ground with additional wire between feeding transformer
and termination load (Figure 21), simulated with NEC for MMANA and measured practically
by SWR- Meter of IC- 718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
2459- 374-257 618-283 466-64 534-13 395+108 586+46 379+259 411+82
Z j160
5.49 1.9 1.85 1.16 1.19 1.33 1.32 1.89 1.23
SWR
-26 -12 -9 -7.7 -5.2 -4 -2.53 -2.3 0.2
Gain
At 36 65 72 64 54 51 48 45 42
Vertical
degree
SWR by 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
IC-718
Theoretical data show that the antenna gain a little Beverage Antenna with additional wire between
improved (above 160- meter Band where some known feeding transformer and termination load looks better
inaccuracy at simulation is happened) at the configuration. compare to my classical Beverage Antenna shown at
Below Figure 22 to Figure 30 show DD of the Beverage Figure 1.
Antenna at the 160, 80, 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10-
meter Bands in the vertical plane. Theoretical DD at 160 and 80 has more radiation to
zenith compare to Beverage Antenna shown at Figure
Feedline with matching transformer is on the left side and 1. My opinion was that the antenna began work better
the termination resistor is on the right side of the figures. As the classical variant (Figure 1).
you can see from the Figure 24 - Figure 30 the DD of the
Result.
Figure 22 Figure 23
DD of Beverage Antenna with additional wire between DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire
feeding transformer and termination load at 160- Meter between feeding transformer and termination load at
Band 80- Meter Band
Figure 24 Figure 25
DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire between DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire
feeding transformer and termination load at 40- Meter Band between feeding transformer and termination load at
30- Meter Band
Figure 27
Figure 26 DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire
DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire between between feeding transformer and termination load at
feeding transformer and termination load at 20- Meter Band 17- Meter Band
Interferences not disappeared when I disconnected off

the wire from any one side of the antenna- from
However the configuration gave me unexpected effect. termination load or feeding transformer. Moreover the
Beverage Antenna began received industrial electrical interferences did not disappeared when the wire was
interferences. Antenna practically was not affected at day disconnected from the both sides of antenna. I
time but at evening time the interferences were such very suspected that the ground wire for some reason
strong that I cannot use 160 and 80- meter Bands. received interferences from the street light. So, I
Sometimes the interferences closed the 40- meter Band. should return to the old configuration of my Beverage
Antenna
Practical Result.
Figure 28 Figure 29
DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire between DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire
feeding transformer and termination load at 15- Meter Band between feeding transformer and termination load at
12- Meter Band
Last possibility to improve the efficiency of the Beverage

Antenna could be increasing the height of the horizontal
wire to 4- meters above the ground. In theory this way
should bring to multi beam DD at the high frequencies
bands (because the vertical wires of the antenna take part
at creation DD) and to some difference of the antenna
impedance from the impedance of the termination load.
Figure 31 shows design of the Beverage Antenna with
horizontal wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground.
. Parameters of the antenna were simulated with NEC for
MMANA. Table 4 shows the data for the antenna. Maxima
gain is given to the radiation angle at where it is. Figure 30
Theoretical data show that the antenna gain improved at all
DD of my Beverage Antenna with additional wire
Bands. However because the antenna impedance not to be
between feeding transformer and termination load at
close to the impedance of the termination load there would
10- Meter Band
difficulties with matching of the antenna at 12 and 10- meter
Bands.
Figure 31
Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground
Result.
Table 4
Data for Beverage Antenna placed at 4 meter above the Ground (Figure 31), simulated with NEC for MMANA
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
166- 641- 462- 439+J4 554+J14 643+532 386_284 1399_J288 912+1580
Z 713 J145 J91
9.77 1.56 1.22 1.03 1.23 2.75 1.99 3.26 8.49
SWR
-15.89 -10.44 -6.73 -4.3 -1.42 -0.2 1.69 3.65 0.42
Gain
At 49 71 86 74 62 33 51 34 47
Vertical
degree
Below Figure 32 to Figure 40 show DD of the Beverage

Antenna at the 160, 80, 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10-
meter Bands in the vertical plane. Feedline with matching
transformer is on the left side and the termination resistor is
on the right side of the figures.
As you can see from the Figure 32 - Figure 40 the DD of

the Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire placed at height
4 meter above the ground looks better compare to my
classical Beverage Antenna shown at Figure 1. However
lost 12 and 10- meter bands and complexity with installation
of the horizontal wire did not compensate the new antenna Figure 32
advantages. DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal
wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground at
160- Meter Band
Figure 34
Figure 33
DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal
DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire
wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground at
placed at height 4 meter above the ground at 80- Meter
40- Meter Band
Band
Result.
Figure 36
DD of Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire placed at
Figure 35
height 4 meter above the ground at 20- Meter Band
DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire
Band
Figure 38
Figure 37 wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground at
DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire 15- Meter Band
Band
Figure 40
Figure 39
DD of theoretical Beverage Antenna with horizontal wire wire placed at height 4 meter above the ground at
placed at height 4 meter above the ground at 12- Meter 10- Meter Band
Band
Result.
In conclusion I decided to simulate Beverage Antenna that I Transformer had 7 turns wound by tripled wire on
used at my amateur station UA3ZNW- UZ3ZK- RK3ZK from ferrite ring from yoke from Color TV. I have no picture
1990- to 2002 year in Belgorod, Russia. Figure 41 shows of the original transformer. However it looked like
the antenna. The antenna was installed on the parapet of transformer shown on Figure 43. Transformer was
the 9- storey building. Antenna length was 80 meters. The placed inside a plastic bag for protection from the
horizontal wire was located at height about 1- meter above weather influences. Termination load of the antenna
the parapet. Antenna wire was stretched on several wooden was made from 18- kOm /2- Wtt Russian resistors
masts placed near 5 meter from each other. I used the dry MLT- 2 (the resistors are still in sell on ebay) that were
trunk from small trees. Transformer of the antenna was connected to bridge. The load had resistance 600-
made according to Figure 42. Ohm.
Figure 41
Beverage Antenna used at my amateur station UA3ZNW- UZ3ZK- RK3ZK from 1990- to 2002 year
Figure 42
Transformer of the Beverage Antenna used at my amateur
station UA3ZNW- UZ3ZK- RK3ZK from 1990- to 2002 year Figure 43
Transformer 50/450 (75/600) wound by tripled wire on
ferrite ring from TV yoke
Result.
Antenna for first several years was feed through 75- Ohm
coaxial cable that was going along the building wall. Then I
have removed this cable and have installed a new one (50-
Ohm good coaxial cable) inside building in ventilation shaft.
Termination load was reworked to 450- Ohm. SWR of the
antenna was not more the 1.5: 1 at all bands with 75 and
50- Ohm coaxial cable. You may find on the Figure 41
address of the building. It seems to me still it is possible to
find remains of my antennas on the roof using Google
Map
Figure 44
Antenna worked great on all HF- Bands from 160 till 10- DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW-
meter band. 160 and 80 meter bands at the antenna were UZ3ZK- RK3ZK at 160- Meter Band
good to communicate with Ham stations from Europe and
Asia.
Table 5
Data for Beverage Antenna (Figure 41) used at my amateur station UA3ZNW- UZ3ZK- RK3ZK from 1990- to 2002
year
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
589+15 502+275 645-308 703-152 437-j11 524- 507-99 361+21 435+67
Z J202
1.3 1.79 1.95 1.68 1.04 1.55 1.27 1.25 1.17
SWR
-20.9 -10 -8.7 -4.3 -5.64 -2.5 -1.47 -0.9 0.6
Gain
At 43 25 24 25 18 17 14 13 12
Vertical
degree
Figure 45 Figure 46
DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW- DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW-
UZ3ZK- RK3ZK at 80- Meter Band UZ3ZK- RK3ZK at 40- Meter Band
North America and Japan propagated good above 40- As you can see from Figure 44 to Figure 52 the
meter Band. Table 5 shows the data for the antenna. Beverage Antenna has not so bad DD.
Maxima gain is given to the radiation angle at where it is.
Figure 44 to Figure 52 show DD of the Beverage Antenna If you have possibility to install such antenna- do not
at the 160, 80, 40, 30, 20, 17, 15, 12 and 10- meter Bands hesitate. It is easy to install, easy to match, invisible
in the vertical plane. Feedline with matching transformer is and low noise antenna.
on the left side and the termination load is on the right side 73! de VA3ZNW
of the figures.
Result.
Figure 48
Figure 47 DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW-
DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW- UZ3ZK- RK3ZK at 20- Meter Band
UZ3ZK- RK3ZK at 30- Meter Band
Figure 50
Figure 49
DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW-
Figure 52
Figure 51
DD of Beverage Antenna of amateur station UA3ZNW-
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 (14.0- 29.5- MHz)
Aleksandr Grachev, UA6AGW
Credit Line: http://samlib.ru/u/ua6agw_g_a
UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 can work in frequency

range from 14.0 to 29.5 MHz that is covered 20. 17, 15,
12 and 10- meter amateur Bands. This is provided by At the end of the all it was designed Universal Field
tuning the antenna in resonance to the used band with Antenna. The antenna may be installed at any open
help of a remote- control variable capacitor installed at the place in the forest, on the mountain, on the shore as well
antenna. UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 is designed for at a small boat or truck. Antenna may be installed by
easy and quick installation in the field. Figure 1 shows force of one man. Antenna could stand storm weather.
schematic diagram of the antenna.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51
Schematic diagram of the UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 Antenna was mounted on the sectional plastic mast in 6-
is the same as for previously published UA6AGW meter height. Each section is in 2- meter length. Figure
omnidirectional antennas (Reference 1). Figure 1 shows 2 shows the UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 on the
dimensions for the range of 18.0- 29.0- MHz. For lower mast. The antenna mast does not required guys.
edge of the working range - 14.0- 18.0- MHz the
horizontal wires placed under antenna should be The mast is a commercial made one 8- meter height
extended to 3- meter length and additional capacitor plastic mast named Mast 8-2U that is produced by R-
should be switched in bridge to C2. QUAD (Reference 2). There are used only 3 sections
(from 4 sections for 8- meter height) for 6- meter height.
Design of the Antenna Mast stays vertically and firmly with help of two struts.
Figure 3 shows the mast in vertical position. The struts
To be compatible for transportation in the car it was set fastened to the ground with help of a metal peg. Figure
up some limitation factors when the Antenna was 4 shows strut fastened to the ground.
designed.
1. Length of any part of the antenna should not be Main loop of the antenna made of 1/2 inch corrugated
more the 2 meter length. coaxial cable. Outer plastic was removed. For protection
2. Diameter of the loop should not be more the 1 from weather conditions it was used snap- up plastic
meter. tube for electrical wires. Horizontal wires were made
3. DD of the antenna in the horizontal plane should from telescopic pair of aluminum tubes.
be circular.
Figure 2 UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 on the mast
Figure 3 Mast in vertical position
Figure 6 Center (with a clamp) of the horizontal wire
Figure 4 Strut fastened to the ground
Inner tube was in 14- mm diameter and outer tube was in

18- mm diameter. In folded position the horizontal wire
has length in 1.6- meter. Outer tube holds the inner tube
with help of a clamp. Figure 5 shows assembled
UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51. Figure 6 shows center
(with a clamp) of the horizontal wire.
Home brew butterfly variable capacitor is used for tuning

the antenna. Plates of the capacitor made of galvanized
iron in 0.5- mm thickness. Capacitor has seven stator
plates and six rotor plates. Bolts in 5.0- mm diameter hold
the plates. Spacer for the plates are nuts. Figure 7 shows
the capacitor. Additional capacitor (for 20- and 17- meter
bands) made from a length of a coaxial cable. The
capacitor is connected to bridge to the variable capacitor.
It is easy to do because the connection points are
accessible in the field. Connection points are placed on
the horizontal wires. Figure 8 shows the additional
capacitor.
Capacitor is tuned with help of servo motor HS-311 with

standard hardware (Reference 3). Figure 9 shows servo
motor installed on to the variable capacitor.
To operate the servo motor it was made a special control

box. The box was made on the base of China servo tester
HJ (Reference 4). Figure 10 shows the Control Box.
Table on the box shows data displayed on the servo
tester to tune the capacitor for needed band of operation. Figure 5 Assembled UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51
Figure 8 Additional capacitor made of a length of coaxial

Figure 7 Capacitor of the UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 cable
At the servo tester it was installed a big dial (instead a Then the cable is turned to loop. Far end of the length is
small one) for the fine tune. Servo tester may be feed by soldered to the first (left) side of the prepared cable. The
4.8- 6.0- V. To feed the servo motor it was used a LAN coupling loop is fastened to the upper part of the
cable between the control box and those one. antennas loop with help of a Scotch and ties. Below
there are several simple rules how to install the coupling
Coupling Loop made of from 50- Ohm coaxial cable. loop.
Length of the coaxial cable to be used for the coupling
loop is 400- mm. Figure 11 shows the preparation of the At first, find on the antenna loop a point that is
coaxial cable for coupling loop before it was formed to equidistance from left and right side of the C2. It is the
loop shape. Plastic from the length of the coaxial cable is point of symmetry of the antenna.
removed on to 10- mm in the center and from two ends.
Then braid of the coaxial cable is removed at the center. At second, find the point of symmetry of the coupling
Inner conductor is soldered to the braid at the far (right) loop. The coupling loop is mounted in the top of the
end of the length. antenna loop. Point of symmetry of the coupling loop
should concur with the point of symmetry of the antenna.
At third, to fasten with help of the cable ties the

coupling loop to the antenna loop at the distance of 4-
5- cm from the point of symmetry of the antenna loop.
Tuning and Adjusting
Antenna is tuned to the working band with help of C2.

When horizontal wires are fully inserted (length is near
1.6- meter) the antenna should tune with help of C2 to
the range of 18.0- 29.0- MHz.
When horizontal wires are fully opened (length is near

3.0- meter) and additional capacitor (length of coaxial
cable) is connected to bridge to C2 the antenna should
tune with help of C2 to the range of 14.0- 18.0- MHz.
Figure 10 Control Box
Antenna may be tuned to the working frequency by

minima SWR or maxima reception. As usual SWR is
not exceeded 1.5:1:0 at any band of operation of the
antenna. Sometimes changing form of the coupling
loop (from circular to oval) may help tune the antenna
fine into resonance across the used bands.
When antenna is tuned and the data for servo motor

for every band is obtained and wrote down at the
servo tester the next re- tuning of the antenna is a very
simply. Just put the data to the servo tester press the Figure 11 Preparation of the Coaxial Cable for Coupling
control knob and servo motor will tune the antenna. Loop
(Please, read carefully instruction to the servo motor Test of the UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51
and servo tester how they are working together.)
UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 is broadband. When Antenna was tested at all working bands. Especially
antenna is tuned to the center of the ham band (SWR attention was brought at the 20 meter Band.
is not exceeded 1.5:1:0) the SWR at the edges of the
band is not exceeded 2.0:1:0. However sometimes at Antenna showed very high efficiency. DD of the antenna in
the 10- meter band it may be required fine tuning of the horizontal plane is almost circular. Difference in DD
the C2 at the edges of the band. across and along the horizontal wire is near 3- dB. There
were made lots QSOs with the antenna. Diploma
POBEDA (Reference 5) was made in three evening on
the 20- meter Band with the antenna.
References:
1. Antentop 01 203, Antentop 01 2014, Antentop 01 2015
2. http://www.quad.ru/production/tube.php
3. https://www.servocity.com/html/hs-311_standard.html#.V4w92KhzaNI
4. http://ru.aliexpress.com/store/product/HJ-Digital-Servo-Tester-ESC-Consistency-Tester-for-RC-Helicopter-4-
8v-6v/912559_1872459794.html?storeId=912559
5. http://py2nl.blogspot.ca/2015/04/memorial-diploma-pobeda-70-victory-70.html
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter
Band
The publication is devoted to the memory UR0GT.
Credit Line: Forum from: By: Nikolay Kudryavchenko, UR0GT

www.cqham.ru
Figure 2 shows Z of the antenna. Figure 3 shows
Below described three elements YAGI for the 20- meter SWR of the antenna. Figure 4 shows DD of the
Band. Model of the YAGI was simulated by UR0GT. The antenna.
antenna has very high gain- almost 14.4- dB at central
frequency 14.15- MHz. Antenna covers all 20- meter band Simulation was made at the antenna height 22 meters
with SWR 2.5: 1.0 at the edges. Figure 1 shows design of above the real ground. However you may play with
the antenna. Antenna is fed by a coupling loop. It makes MMANA file to obtain optimal antenna dimension for
the antenna safety at lighting season and increasing the installation at your real location.
broadband range of the antenna.
Antenna may be scaled to another ham HF- VHF- UHF
By playing with dimension of the coupling loop the band.
antenna may be matched with any coaxial cable- 50- 75-
100- Ohm.
The MMANA model of the Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band may be loaded: http: //
www.antentop.org/020/3el_yagi_ur0gt_020.htm
Figure 1 Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter
Band
Figure 2 Z of the Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band
Figure 4 DD of the Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for
the DX- Window

www.cqham.ru
Below described Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band
for the DX- Window. Model of the antenna made by
UR0GT. Antenna has compact sizes related to the 160-
meter band. However with the dimensions the antenna
has good parameters at the DX- Window at the 160-
meter Band. Figure 1 shows design of the antenna.
Figure 2 shows schematic of the antenna.
Figure 3 shows Z of the antenna. Figure 4 shows SWR of

the antenna. Figure 5 shows DD of the antenna.
Simulation was made at the antenna height 2 meters

above the real ground. Antenna may be scaled to another
amateurs HF band.
Figure 1 3D View of the antenna
The MMANA model of the Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window may be loaded: http: //
www.antentop.org/020/160_ur0gt_020.htm
Figure 2 Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for
the DX- Window
Figure 3 Z of the Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window
Figure 4 SWR of the Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window
Figure 5 DD of the Compact Antenna for 160- meter Band for the DX- Window
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Low Height Narrow Delta Antenna for the 80,
40, 20 and 15- meter Band

www.cqham.ru
Figure 1 shows design of the antenna. Antenna
Below described Low Height Narrow Delta Antenna for the simulated for height 7- meter above the ground.
80, 40, 20 and 15- meter Band. The Antenna was Antenna simulated for bare wire in diameter 2- mm. If it
simulated by UR0GT for DE7RAO, for his defined would be used wire in plastic insulation the antenna
conditions of possibility for antenna placement. However length should be decreased to 1.5 percent or near 1.5-
the antenna design should be interesting for those meter.
amateur who has tied conditions for antenna installation or
for amateurs who participated in field day. Antenna maybe fed through ATU by 50- Ohm coaxial
cable or two wire line. However most of transceivers
The antenna has one long length that may be placed with internal ATU may match the antenna directly.
across backyard to nearly tree. Then two short sides may
be attached to fence or to small mast or tree. Antenna may be rescaled to higher bands. However
the antenna when placed at low height should be
Antenna has resonances at 80, 40, 20 and 15- meter simulated with NEC for MMANA. It is allowed to get
bands. One side of the antenna made by two wires. It strictly data for length of antenna wires and for input
allows increase input impedance of the antenna at the 80- impedance of the antenna
meter Band.
The MMANA model of the Low Height Delta Antenna may be loaded: http: //
www.antentop.org/020/narrow_delta_ur0gt_020.htm
Figure 1 Low Height Narrow Delta Antenna for the 80, 40, 20 and 15- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Simple HF Antenna for the 20-, 17-, 15-, 12-
and 10- meter Band
By: Andrey Korsakov, RA4NF

Credit Line: www.cqham.ru
Below described a very simple HF Antenna for the 20-, The two antenna Radiators fed by 150- Ohm two wires
17-, 15-, 12- and 10- meter Band. Antenna is fed by 50- line. The line consists of from bottom antenna wire and
Ohm coaxial cable. Antenna has very simple design and wire in thick plastic insulation that is wound around the
does not require any tuning if it made according the bottom line (marked in red on Figure 1). Length of the
drawing.Figure 1 shows design of the antenna. wire should be near in 20 percent more the lower parts
of the antenna.
The Antenna consists of two vertical radiators that upper
ends stand on distance 1.2 1.5-meter apart together. It Mast and upper boom may be made from any
is an optimal distance for the antenna. However it is insulation stuff- wood or plastic. Lower horizon wire of
possible do not use the upper boom and place the the antenna should be placed at some height above
radiators in triangle as it shown in dotted line in Figure 1. the ground. One meter should be enough (more is
Two counterpoises are used for each band. better). Antenna may be scaled to another ham HF
Counterpoises should be placed at 15 20 degree to bands.
horizon.
73! RA4NF
Figure 1 Simple HF Antenna for the 20-, 17-, 15-, 12- and 10- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 VHF- UHF Antennas
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Simple Vertical Antenna
for the 6- and 2- meter Band
Credit Line: Forum from: By: Igor Vakhreev, RW4HFN

www.cqham.ru
Figure 2 shows Z of the antenna at the 2- meter band.
Below described simple dual band vertical antenna for the Figure 3 shows SWR of the antenna at the 2- meter
6- and 2- meter Band. Model of the antenna was band. Figure 4 shows DD of the antenna at the 2-
simulated by RW4HFN. Antenna may be made from a meter band.
rigid copper/aluminum wire. Antenna does not require any
tuning elements. Antenna made according to the Figure 5 shows Z of the antenna at the 6- meter band.
description already should work at the two bands. Figure 6 shows SWR of the antenna at the 6- meter
band. Figure 7 shows DD of the antenna at the 6-
Figure 1 shows design of the antenna. meter band.
The MMANA model of the Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band may be loaded: http: //
www.antentop.org/020/simple_two_band_rw4hfn_020.htm
Figure 1 Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band
Figure 2 Z of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 4 DD of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 5 Z of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 6- meter Band
Figure 6 SWR of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 7 DD of the Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

www.cqham.ru
www.antentop.org/020/stub_vertical_rw4hfn_020.htm
Figure 1 Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band
Figure 2 Z of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 4 DD of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 5 Z of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 6- meter Band
Figure 6 SWR of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 7 DD of the Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the
6- and 2- meter Band

www.cqham.ru
www.antentop.org/020/dual_cross_rw4hfn_020.htm
Figure 1 Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band
Figure 2 Z of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 4 DD of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 5 Z of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 6- meter Band
Figure 6 SWR of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
Figure 7 DD of the Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band at the 2- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the
2- meter Band

www.cqham.ru
Below described simple three elements vertical YAGI for Figure 1 shows design of the antenna.
the 2- meter Band. Model of the YAGI was simulated by
RW4HFN. The antenna is very simple to make and tune. Figure 2 shows Z of the antenna.
Antenna may be made from a rigid copper/aluminum wire. Figure 3 shows SWR of the antenna.
Antenna is tuned to a minima SWR by tapping from the Figure 4 shows DD of the antenna.
bottom of the resonator. So the antenna may be fed by
50/75- Ohm coaxial cable. Antenna may be scaled to
another ham HF- VHF- UHF band.
www.antentop.org/020/3el_145_rw4hfn_020.htm
Figure 1 Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the
2- meter Band
Figure 2 Z of the Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band
Figure 4 DD of the Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
By: Yuriy Skutelis, RN3DEK
Short Five Elements Antenna (length 50- cm) made of Antenna input impedance is 50- Ohm. It allows feed the
aluminum rod (or tube) in diameter 5- mm. Antenna antenna directly by 50- Ohm coaxial cable. Figure 1
designed for repeater sub- band. Antenna has gain near shows design of the antenna. Figure 2 shows Z of the
7.4- dBd at 439.0- MHz. F/B at the frequency is 35.9 dB. antenna. Figure 3 shows SWR of the antenna. Figure 4
shows DD of the antenna.
MMANA file of the antenna may be downloaded at: http://www.antentop.org/020/short_020.htm
Figure 1 Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Figure 2 Z of the Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Figure 4 DD of the Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm
Band
By: Yuriy Skutelis, RN3DEK

Broadband Five Elements Antenna (length 50- cm) Antenna input impedance is 50- Ohm. It allows feed the
designed on the base of Short Five Elements Antenna for antenna directly by 50- Ohm coaxial cable. Figure 1
the 70- cm Band (Antentop 01- 2016). The antenna has shows design of the antenna. Figure 2 shows Z of the
low SWR at the upper edge of the 70- cm Band. Antenna antenna. Figure 3 shows SWR of the antenna. Figure 4
made of aluminum rod (or tube) in diameter 3- mm. shows DD of the antenna.
Antenna has gain near 7.2- dBd at 439.0- MHz. F/B at the
frequency is 35.3 dB.
MMANA file of the antenna mat be downloaded at: http://www.antentop.org/020/broadband_020.htm
Figure 1 Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm
Band
Figure 2 Z of the Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Figure 3 SWR of the Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
Figure 4 DD of the Broadband Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Propagation
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Black Holes in the Air
Article about Black Holes in the Air was published in At that times I used Helical HF Antenna (Helical Antenna
Antentop Magazine for the 20- meter Band,
http://www.antentop.org/black_holes.htm. As I http://www.antentop.org/017/va3znw_017.htm)
mentioned there I did not observe Black Holes in the
Air. At those times I say no. Times lasts. and L- HF Antenna (Simple Broadband Antenna for the
It happened in March- 2013. I do not remember 40- meter Band,
exactly day because my paper about the observation
was lost at one of my moving. Anyway I remember http://www.antentop.org/018/simple_40m_antenna_018.htm
hour when it happened. It was at 21.00.
I went to my shack and turned on a computer (to do Now I use to a Beverage Antenna at my ham station
some routine). Straight away I turned on my lovely VA3ZNW. What is interesting I discovered significant
tube receiver HALICRAFTERS S- 85. (I have a habit improvement of reception during a heavy snowfall, snow
to listen receiver when I do some work.) At that time with rain, and at light rain. This effect was observed at
the receiver was tuned to 640- kHz, I listen to Coast evening and night time (because usually I do not hamming
to- Coast Radio. So, I turned on receiver to listen the at day- I am at my work). At the weather the noise in the Air
radio. However several minutes past but receiver was drops down and propagation to Europe go up at 160, 80
silent. and 40- meter Bands. This effect does not connect with
solar conditions. When weather would improve the
I turned frequency dial around all MW Band. There propagation disappeared. It does not connect with Black
was only a noise no any station. I switched MW Band Holes, just observation
to SW one. It was the same story- roar and noise, no
stations on the bands. I thought that something wrong
happened with the receiver or my antennas. I turned 73! VA3ZNW
on my transceiver IC-718. It was no reception on HF-
Bands. I pressed transmit and checked SWR on the
HF bands. SWR was ok. FSM (I used MFJ- 801) as
well showed that everything okay.
I went outdoor check antennas. There was very strong

mist. Antennas visually were okay. I returned to shack
and turned on VHF FM Receiver. Yes, I can hear FM
stations however with some strange distortions. Cable
TV and Internet worked well. I tried to found some
information on the phenomena in the internet. Only
found that there were solar flares. While I went around
and checked internet the HALICRAFTERS began to
be alive. Something from far I began hear stations,
through several minutes reception on MW and HF-
Bands was as usual.
What I observed at that day- it was almost full

blackout on MW and HF for near 40- minutes.
.
Helical Antenna in Winter Time
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Tube Receivers
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple Two Tube Direct Conversation Receiver
By: Aleksandr Viktor

Credit Line: Forum at cqham.ru
It is very simple DC receiver contains only two tubes.

No one semiconductor there is here. This receiver
made by me on the base of Kazuhiro Sunamur 12V-
Tube receiver.
I fed it by 12-V accumulator battery. Receiver was

made for the 80- meter Band. It was used a LW
Antenna in 20- meter length with the receiver. Mini
main transformer (12V+12Vx 220V) is used at the
receiver. First (220V) winding of the transformer with
capacitor C4 makes simple audio filter. Receiver
works fine with high- ohmic phones. It is possible use
any audio amplifier that works on external speaker
with the receiver. What is amusing that the receiver
does not receipt radio station with AM.
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple Four Tube DC Receiver for the 80- meter Band
By: Aleksandr Viktor

Credit Line: Forum at cqham.ru
The receiver was made on the base of my

experimenters with simple DC receiver described at
previous article (Simple Two Tube Direct Conversation
Receiver) and on the base of the receiver Kazuhiro
Sunamur. There were used very old tubes however
the receiver worked well with those ones. Receiver fed
by 12- V accumulator battery. No one semiconductor is
used in the receiver. Receiver provides loud reception
on high ohmic phones. However it is possible use an
audio amplifier with external speaker. I install in the
receiver an old Audio Amplifier on one Audio IC from
transistor TV.
The receiver is very simple to adjust. At first tune

frequencies range of the VFO on V2. Then tune input
circuit on maxima reception. That is it. Simple 20 meter
length antenna was used with the receiver.
The receiver was used outside of city. Noise
dramatically going down (compare to city) and
reception was much better there.
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple Four Tube DC Receiver for the 80- meter
Band
Schematic of the Simple Four Tube DC Receiver for the 80- meter Band
www.cqham.ru
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Regenerative Receivers
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Simple regenerative Receiver BARER 1
By: DedVova
It is possible use transistor BC369 or BC557 at the

regenerative stage. I used a 2- 3 meter length of wire as
antenna for the receiver. L1 is a coupling loop. It
contains 3 turns. L2C16 is tuned to the 40- meter band.
The very simple regenerative receiver was made for 40- In my case the L2 contains 25 turns.
meter ham band. The receiver worked very stable. You
did not need tune the R10 (Regeneration) through the I used a surplus inductor (with a tuning ferrite rod) from
band once it is already adjusted. The receiver was old USSR transistor receiver VEF. I used 32- Ohm
compared with two commercial ones- TECSUN PL600 headphones from old player. Choke (switched in serial
and DEGEN- 1103. My regenerative receiver worked with the headphones) is surplus choke from electronic
much better on the 40- meter band. Figure 1 shows ballast from Compact Fluorescent Lamp.
schematic of the receiver.
Figure 1 Regenerative Receiver BARER 1
Credit Line:
http://www.cqham.ru/forum/showthread.php?14624----/page567
www.cqham.ru
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Experimenters
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Experimenters with Non Snap Ferrite Cylinder
Bead RF Chokes
By: Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW,

Richmond Hill, Canada
Recently there are lots devices that contained some RF

sensitive or vice versa RF generation parts inside. It is power
AC/DC converters (aka power supply), Computers, Computer
Monitors, et cetera. Most common way to radiate unwanted
interferences or receipt unwanted interferences is cables
going apart those above mention parts. It is possible to kill
the effect by RF- Chokes that installed on the cable.
There are two common types of RF Chokes. First, most

simple is a ferrite "bead" choke, consisting of a cylinder of
ferrite encircling to the cable. Figure 1 shows that RF Choke
installed at the end of cable going from a Power Supply. It is
fixed non demountable choke. You cannot move the choke
around the cable the ferrite cylinder may be removed only by
destroying that device. Second one is a snap RF Choke.
Figure 2 shows the choke. The choke may be easy moved
along the cable and if it is needed may easy removed from Figure 1 Ferrite "Bead" Choke
the cable.
However, recently life time of those devices is limited. As

usual it is limited by entering of new technology to our life.
So, old, but still good electronic equipment, for example, CRT
TV and monitors, video and audio tape recorders and et
cetera go to scrap. Some new made devices as well go of
operation and became ready for scrap. At this case it would
be wise to remove all RF Chokes from the device for using
them in ham radio purposes. It is very easy to remove the
Snap RF Ferrite Choke from the device. I usually keep the
chokes on the coaxial cable going from my transceiver IC-
718 to SWR meter (and then to the antenna). The chokes
reduce electrical noise and unwanted RF current induced to
the outer side of the shield of the coaxial cable. Figure 3
shows cable going from transceiver to the SWR meter with Figure 2 Snap Ferrite Choke
Snap RF Chokes on it. As well the Snap RF Chokes always
are behind me that means I should newer lost it in my de-e-
ep junk box.
Bead RF Chokes
Well, but what can I do with old Ferrite "Bead" RF Chokes. I

just cut of the chokes together with wires from scrapped
devices. To remove the ferrite tube from the chokes takes
time and tools. So I decided make some experimenters with
the chokes without disassembly those ones.
I find in my junk box four identical Ferrite "Bead" RF Chokes.

Each choke has length 36- mm with outer diameter 18- mm.
Two wires cable went through the choke. The wire was
marked as diameter 18- AWG and 300- V voltage. My idea
was to create a kind of RF transformer with the chokes.
First experimental transformer was made according Figure

4. It was classical RF Transformer where one turn is primary
and second turn is the secondary winding. Then transformer
was tested. Primary winding was connected to MFJ- 259B.
Secondary winding was loaded on to 51- Ohm resistor.
Figure 5 shows the transformer loaded to 51-Ohm resistor.
Table 1 shows data obtained for the one Ferrite RF Choke.
As you can see from the table the transformer may be used
for receiving purposes. I tested the transformer with my
transceiver IC- 718 and receiver Hallicrafters S- 85.
Transformer worked good up to 40- meter Band. Then I
observed some dropping of receiving signals. However I
could compensate it with adding RF- gain at transceiver and
receiver where the transformer successfully worked at MW-
Band.
Conclusion: The transformer may be used as Insulated Figure 3 Snap Ferrite Choke on the Coaxial Cable
Transformer for Receiver at the HF and MW.
Table 1 One Cylinder Ferrite RF Choke loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor. Data obtained with MFJ- 259B
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z 2@j12 6@j19 17@j27 23@j28 27@31 31@j35 34@j38 39@43 41@j46
SWR 14.0 9.0 3.5 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5
Figure 4 RF Schematic for Transformer on one Ferrite RF Figure 5 RF Transformer on one Ferrite RF Choke
Choke loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor
Bead RF Chokes
Second experimental transformer was made with two

Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes. Figure 6 shows schematic of
the transformer. It was classical RF Transformer where one
turn is primary and second turn is the secondary winding.
Then the transformer was tested. Primary winding was
connected to MFJ- 259B. Secondary winding was loaded on
to 51- Ohm resistor. Figure 7 shows the transformer loaded
to 51-Ohm resistor. Table 2 shows data obtained for the two
Ferrite RF Chokes transformer.
As you can see from the table the transformer had Figure 7 RF Transformer on Two Cylinder Ferrite RF
parameters better the one cylinder transformer. Certainly the Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor
transformer may be used for receiving purposes. I tested the
transformer with my transceiver IC- 718 and receiver Conclusion: The transformer may be used as
Hallicrafters S- 85. Transformer worked good up to 80- meter Insulated Transformer for Receiver at the HF and
Band. Then I observed some dropping of receiving signals. MW. The transformer may be used for some
However I could compensate it with adding RF- gain at purposes (like insulation transformer installed on
transceiver and receiver where the transformer successfully antenna and then matched with coaxial cable) at
worked at MW-Band. Transformer was tested with IC-718 in transmission mode at the 40- 10 meter Bands.
transmitting mode, 15- wt. SWR showed by IC- 718 is close
to SWR showed by MFJ- 259B.
Figure 6 RF Schematic for RF Transformer Made on Two Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes
Table 2 Two Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor. Data obtained with MFJ- 259B and IC-718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z by 5@j18 13@j27 29@j28 33@j26 35@30 37@j33 39@j38 40@41 40@48
MFJ-
259B
SWR by 8.2 4.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.6
MFJ-
259B
SWR by - - 2.7 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.5
IC-718
Bead RF Chokes
Third experimental transformer was made with three

to 51- Ohm resistor. Figure 9 shows the transformer loaded
to 51-Ohm resistor. Table 3 shows data obtained for the
three Ferrite RF Chokes transformer.
As you can see from the table the transformer had

parameters better the one and two cylinder transformer.
Certainly the transformer may be used for receiving
purposes. I tested the transformer with my transceiver IC- Figure 9 RF Transformer on Three Cylinder Ferrite
718 and receiver Hallicrafters S- 85. Transformer worked RF Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor
good up to 160- meter Band. As well the transformer
performed well at MW band. Transformer was tested with IC- Conclusion: The transformer may be used as
718 in transmitting mode, 15- wt. SWR showed by IC- 718 is Insulated Transformer for Receiver at the HF and
close to SWR showed by MFJ- 259B. MW. The transformer may be used for some
purposes (like insulation transformer installed on
antenna and then matched with coaxial cable) at
transmission mode at the 80- 10 meter Bands.
Figure 8 RF Schematic for RF Transformer Made on Three Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes
Table 3 Three Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor. Data obtained with MFJ- 259B and IC-718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z by 15@24 28@28 38@27 40@29 42@37 43@45 45@49 42@53 47@64
MFJ-
259B
SWR by 3.5 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.0
MFJ-
259B
SWR by 5.0 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.4 3 3.4
IC-718
Bead RF Chokes
Fourth experimental transformer was made with Four

to 51- Ohm resistor. Figure 11 shows the transformer
loaded to 51-Ohm resistor. Table 4 shows data obtained for
the Four Ferrite RF Chokes transformer.
As you can see from the table the transformer had

parameters better the one, two and three cylinder
transformer. Certainly the transformer may be used for
receiving purposes. I tested the transformer with my
transceiver IC- 718 and receiver Hallicrafters S- 85.
Transformer worked good up to 160- meter Band. As well
the transformer performed well at MW band. Transformer
was tested with IC-718 in transmitting mode, 15- wt. SWR Figure 10 RF Transformer on Four Cylinder Ferrite
showed by IC- 718 is close to SWR showed by MFJ- 259B. RF Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor
Figure 11 Schematic for RF Transformer Made on Four Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes
Bead RF Chokes
Conclusion: The transformer may be used as Insulated

Transformer for Receiver at the HF and MW. The transformer
may be used for some purposes (like insulation transformer
installed on antenna and then matched with coaxial cable) at
transmission mode at the 160- 15 meter Bands.
Table 4 Four Cylinder Ferrite RF Chokes loaded to 51- Ohm Resistor. Data obtained with MFJ- 259B and IC-718
Band 160 80 40 30 20 17 15 12 10
Z by 20@26 32@28 41@30 30@35 44@44 45@55 46@63 49@75 50@84
MFJ-
259B
SWR by 3.0 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.1 3.6 4.0
MFJ-
259B
SWR by - 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.7 2.9 3.5 -
IC-718
So, the experiment shows that the Ferrite "Bead" RF Choke As well RF transformer made on Ferrite "Bead" RF
could be successfully used for radio amateur purposes. It is Choke may be used with some special antennas in
possible to make with the stuff Insulated Receiving transmitting/receiving mode.
Transformer, similar to:
Ferrite "Bead" RF Choke made like a weather proof
Insulation RX Transformer, part. So transformer made on the base may be
placed outside with very light weather proof
http://www.antentop.org/019/insulation_transformer_019.htm prevention measures, straight away at the receiving
or transmitting antenna.
73! Igor, VA3ZNW
Antarctica. 1961 year. Memory Envelope.

Mark at destination Area: Antarctica. Station Vostok. (Continental Station.1253 km from South Pole)
Mark on the stamp: Antarctica. Mirnyy. (Coast Station at Davis Sea, 1410 km from Station Vostok)
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 History
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Time Machine. QSLs from the Past from E- QSL.
I had three call signs when I have been lived in Russia. It

is UA3ZNW (1983- 1990), UZ3ZK (1990- 1993) and
RK3ZK (1993- 2004). There were made near 30
thousands QSOs, I got several boxes of QSL Cards.
However, I managed bring to Canada less the 100 cards
from different calls. Recently I have registered my old call
signs at E- QSL. Amusing I have received some
confirmed cards there. The cards placed at:
http://www.antentop.org/album/album.htm
It is very nice to see his own old QSOs that I believed I

lost forewer. All the QSOs confirmed by me. For now I
have loaded my QSOs from my call sign VA3ZNW to E-
QSL and LOTW. May be in future it would be intersting to
somebody find the QSO that are newer die in the internet.
E- QSL for UA3ZNW. 1989
73! VA3ZNW
E- QSL for UZ3ZK. 1992

E- QSL for RK3ZK. 1995
http://eqsl.cc/qslcard/Index.cfm
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Memorandum on the Beverage Wave Antenna
There are lots articles on Beverage Antenna. However one of It is possible to find the report in the Internet in
the most important one is "Memorandum on the Beverage different format (pdf, tiff, gif) and with different
Wave Antenna for Reception of Frequencies in the 550 - quality. There are articles collected from Optical
1500 Kilocycle Band" by Benjamin Wolf and Adolph Recognizing Program plus original figures. You also
Andersen, dated April 1, 1958. On the report there were may download the report in PDF with readable
based lots amateur and science researches on the topic quality from:
Beverage Antenna. http://www.antentop.org/020/memorandum_020.htm
MEMORANDUM ON THE BEVERAGE WAVE ANTENNA

FOR RECEPTION OF FREQUENCIES IN THE
550 - 1500 KILOCYCLE BAND
BY
Benjamin Wolf
and
Adolph Andersen
The theory of the Beverage Wave Antenna is covered in a Among the desirable properties of the Wave Antenna
paper entitled "The Wave Antenna" by H. H. Beverage, for monitoring purposes are:
O. W. Rice, and F. W. Kellogg, presented at the Midwinter
Convention of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (a) Delivers a stronger signal over the entire band
at New York, February 14-17, 1923. than a good simple antenna.
This memorandum is intended to outline some of the (b) Unidirectional.

practical problems experienced in the erection and operation
of this type of antenna for service in the Broadcast 550-1500 (c) Atmospherics and industrial electrical
kilocycle band, at the Federal Communications Commission interference considerably reduced especially when
Central Monitoring Station at Grand Island, Nebraska. the source is in a direction other than that of the
received signal.
(d) Low cost, long life, and unlikely obsolesence.
LENGTH The conductors are mounted on short, standard

cross arms without braces, with the locust insulator
pins spaced 16" between centers. This with ordinary
The optimum length for a broadcast band wave antenna is telephone line glass insulator gives the desired or
approximately 1800 feet. This length delivers peak signal adopted 18" spacing of conductors of the finished
strength at closely 550 kilocycles and again at one-half its antenna.
wave length in meters, or about 1100 kilocycles. The peaks
are, however, rather broad and the signal delivered is
considerably stronger than that from a good simple antenna GROUND
throughout the entire band. Near the antenna peaks the
increase in microvolts to receiver may reach more than 400 For maximum efficiency the resistance of the ground
percent. system at both the far and near ends of the antenna
should approach zero, or at least be less than thirty
Where space is a consideration, the length can be reduced to ohms. The ground resistance is best determined by
1400 or even 1000 feet, but the signal strength delivery and the voltmeter-ammeter, alternating current method,
directivity will be proportionately reduced, and at less than but reasonably satisfactory results can be obtained
1000 feet the slight advantage of a wave antenna for the by the use of the battery and voltmeter voltage drop
broadcast band over a good simple antenna does not method.
warrant its erection.
For measurement of a single ground the planted
CONDUCTOR HEIGHT conductors are divided into equal halves and
measured, and the result divided by two, or the far
The surge impedance of the wave antenna is determined by and near terminal resistances measured through the
its height above the ground, and by soil conditions with antenna conductors for the combined resistance of
regard to moisture, etc. By erecting the conductors at a the two terminals or the series resistance of the
minimum of ten feet above the ground, the surge impedance entire system.
remains more nearly constant during all seasons than when
erected at a lower height. If erected at a height greater than If the voltage drop method of measurement is used
fifteen feet the pickup of the vertical leads at the far and near and should polarization or other direct current effects
terminals may considerably reduce directive properties. If a produce absurd readings such as negative
greater height is required at gates or other passages, the resistance, a resistance of 100 ohms or more may be
higher poles should be erected at the sides of the opening placed in series with the circuit and two
and the conductors brought down vertically, proceeding at measurements taken with changed polarity. The
the selected height after the high point has been average of the two recorded values divided by two in
bridged. Reasonably uniform height of the conductors the case of a divided system, less the added external
throughout their length is, of course, preferable. resistance may then be considered a reasonable
approach to the actual resistance. Due to
polarization, readings of instruments should be taken
at the moment of contact.
POLE ERECTION
The standard practice of telephone line construction is If difficulty is experienced in obtaining proper ground
followed. The poles should be spaced approximately one resistance values, the constructor is referred to U. S.
hundred feet apart and for mechanical strength the Bureau of Standards' Technological Paper #108,
conductors should be #12 B & S hard drawn copper. The issued June 20, 1918.
line should generally follow the earth's contour, but small
knolls are disregarded and the tops of the poles after planted
may be trimmed for general or even gradient of the
conductors.
For single, unidirectional reception or single conductor

antennas, the conductor can be mounted on ordinary pole
brackets attached to the poles.
For unidirectional reception from front or rear, or both, the

two-conductor type of construction is required.
TERMINAL CONNECTIONS
Single Conductor for Forward Reception
A. Signals from A direction are dissipated either completely or partially in Rb.

B. Direction of reception.
Removal of Rb permits the antenna to be used bi-directionally or forward and rear.
Two Conductors for Forward Reception
All the factors are the same as the single conductor type
except that the surge impedance will be lower as a result of
the two conductors in parallel.
A. Direction reception
The signal builds up until it reaches B where the phase is Odd multiple frequencies of one-quarter wave length
reversed by grounding one of the conductors and leaving the of the antenna length deliver a greater residual or
other free after which it is reflected back to T using the undesired signal to the receiver.
antenna conductors as an untransposed transmission
line. The signals from B direction are dissipated either In order to balance out an undesired signal
completely or partially in impedance R connected from the originating at an angle of more than ninety degrees
center tap of T to ground. It will be noted that Figures 2 from the source of a desired signal originating in
and 3 are the same except with respect to far and near direction of maximum reception of the antenna, part
terminal connections. When it is changed as shown, the of the undesired signal is reflected back to T in
antenna can be made unidirectional for either forward or rear proper phase and magnitude to cancel itself
reception, but not for both forward and rear reception out. This is accomplished by the insertion of a tuned
simultaneously. circuit in series with a variable resistor at the far
terminal, as in Figure 4 for rear signal rejection, and
When the wave length of the signal to be rejected is a as in Figure 5 for forward signal rejection.
multiple of one-half wave of the length of the antenna, it is
either completely or largely absorbed in resistances Rb or
Ra.
Two Conductors for Forward Reception
Two Conductors for Rear Reception with Rejector Circuit
The system of changing directivity of the antennas and To overcome these undesirable features, a modified
remote erasure adjustments as outlined is somewhat arrangement of the terminal coupling units and
inconvenient because of required travel, terrain condition, rejection system may be employed which permits the
time consumption and the fact that the antenna when made use of a two-conductor wave antenna for
directive in one direction is not available for service in the unidirectional reception both forward and rear
opposite direction. simultaneously on the same or different frequencies
with the band for which the antennas are designed,
and with all variable factors under control at the
receiver. The circuit is shown in Figure 6.
Two Conductors for Simultaneous Forward and Rear Unidirectional Reception
Tests covering this feature at Grand Island using a

The signals are delivered from the near antenna terminal standard signal generator indicated that broadcast
coupling transformers to a terminal rack through two 400- band wave antennas may be crossed within a few
ohm transmission lines connected to a Graybar #223-A, feet of one another at angles of sixty degrees or
three-point, switchboard jack. The receiver input lead more without detrimental coupling effects or may be
connects to the terminating jack through a short length of safely paralleled when spaced four hundred feet or
good quality lamp cord and a Graybar 3-A phone cord more; in either case without noticeable or excess
plug. A fixed one-watt resistance unit of proper value is coupling.
connected across points 1 and 2 of the Graybar jack which
automatically connects across the transmission lines when When the antenna conductors run parallel over wire
the receiver plug is out. fences with non-conducting supports, the fence
wires, to avoid interaction, should be broken with
INTER-ANTENNA COUPLING insulators at even lengths of about seventy-five feet.
In the event the erection of more than one wave antenna Conductors such as fence wires and metal posts
may be contemplated, the question of inter-coupling may rubbing against one another within a hundred feet or
arise. so of the antenna may be assumed to be a source of
noise generation in the antennas.
LIGHTNING PROTECTION A coupling transformer with astatic shield is required

at the receiver to keep the transmission line
During some weather conditions such as snow or dust balanced and prevent possible pickup of the
storms, or summer electrical storms, voltages sufficiently transmission line getting into the receiver.
high to break down unprotected coupling coil insulation are
developed in the antenna system. To prevent transformer
damage from all but direct lightning strikes, L. S. Braasch When this resistance unit does not itself absorb or
#270 neon-argon tube arresters or their equivalent with reject undesired interfering signals delivered to the
breakdown range of 200 to 300 volts may be connected to receiver while the antenna is in service in the
the two antenna terminals and ground at both far and near opposite direction, a shilded L.C.R. circuit, Figure 7,
ends of the antenna; also to both terminals of the also terminated with a short length of lamp cord and
transmission line from antenna to receivers when the length a Graybar 3-A plug is inserted in the opposite
exceeds two hundred feet. The ordinary 1-watt I.R.C. reception jack of the antenna and by manipulation of
metallized resistance units as used at Grand Island for C and R the interfering signal can generally be
terminal impedances will almost always be found open largely or completely erased without reduction in
circuited after each electrical storm occurring in the vicinity of strength of the desired signal, when the interfering
the antennas whether or not protected by arresters. signal is more than 90 from the direction of
maximum reception of the antenna. It is not as
TRANSMISSION LINES effective for signals predominately sky wave because
of their varying phase and intensity.
Where it is not practical to erect the antenna with the near
terminal direct to receiver location, it can be located at any Some casual experiments and observations in
distance up to a half-mile or more from receiver location and service indicate that by disconnecting and grounding
the signals brought to the receiver by transmission lines one or the other of the conductors of a two-conductor
without noticeable loss. For long stretches the four parallel antenna at the station terminal, the forward reception
#14 B & S conductor type of transmission line is pattern can be changed sufficiently to permit partial
preferred. For distances of 100 feet or less requiring no or complete erasure of interfering signals originating
intermediate supports the two conductors transposed line thirty or more degrees from either side of the
may be employed. Two or more transmission lines may be antenna, depending upon which conductor is
mounted on the same poles or other non-conducting grounded and without noticeably affecting the
supports when the separation equals or exceeds ten times strength of the desired signal originating more nearly
the spacing of the transmission line conductors. directly forward or from an angle opposite the
grounded conductor.
Rejector circuit
This seemingly unreasonable circuit connection is, This arrangement is an apparent improvement in
apparently, more effective during afternoon hours or for directivity over the exposed, directly grounded,
several hours before local sunset. It is frequently not vertical section of the antenna conductor.
effective at all.
TEST FOR TRANSMISSION LINE BALANCE
In some instances forward interfering strong signals can
be more completely balanced out by connecting a simple or The transmission line may be checked for signal
general purpose antenna to one of the terminals of the signal pickup or unbalance by disconnecting the two
rejector for clear reception of weak signals on the same antenna wires and connecting a resistance across
frequency originating in the rear. the transformer in place of the antenna and equal to
the surge impedance of the two antenna
In order to obtain a better balance at the far end, and to conductors. Very little pickup of signal or noise
partially or completely eliminate pickup by the vertical ground should register in the receiver from a well-balanced
lead at both far and near terminals, a Beverage reflection line.
transformer, Tr, Figure 6, is employed and a lead covered
#12 B & S conductor used as a shielded vertical ground TEST FOR TRANSFORMER BALANCE
connection. The conductor with lead shield is made water
tight at the bottom by soldering conductor and shield together The center-tapped coupling transformers may be
and connecting the whole to the underground radials. The tested for balance by the use of a signal generator
transformer housing is grounded to the upper end of the lead and receiver connected as shown in Figure 8. When
shielding and the coil terminal to the shielded conductor. properly balanced the receiver will indicate nearly
zero input or a very small transfer of energy to the
secondary of the transformer.
Circuit for Testing Transformer Balance
TERMINATIONS two-conductor antenna and the two wires are now

acting only as transmission line to carry the reflected
Impedances Ra and Rb in Figure 6 should be equal to the signal from A direction to the receiver. The
surge impedance of the transmission line as calculated from: impedance of the two-conductor antenna serving as
a transmission line is calculated from the same
formula. The Grand Island transmission lines are
approximately 400 ohms and the antenna conductors
700 ohms.
(s equals spacing from center of wires)
(d equals diameter of wire [d and s in same units]) The transformer Tb couples the transmission line to
the antenna with the two wires acting as if they were
The transformer Ta couples the transmission line to the in parallel, because the primary of Ta has
practically no effect on signals arriving in phase at A from B now acting only as a transmission line. The primary
direction. Therefore it is necessary to know the surge coil is designated to match the surge impedance of
impedance of the two wires in parallel with respect to ground. the two-conductor antenna line in parallel with
respect to ground and the secondary to match the
The transformer Tr reverses the phase and sends the signal same two-conductor antenna as a transmission line
which arrives from A direction back over the two-wire line back to the station.
Circuit for Determining Surge Impedance Forward Reception
A signal is tuned in from A direction on the Values at Grand Island for two wires in parallel are
receiver. Frequencies of multiples of one-half wave length approximately 300 ohms.
are preferred as the are more completely balanced out when
the proper resistance value is used at Rb. The resistance Rb Another and more simple method which has been
is adjusted for minimum signal in the phones and this value employed is to make the resistance Ra, Rb variable
used as the antenna surge impedance. The surge in steps of 20 ohms from 230-440 ohms. With an
impedance may also be determined by adjusting the observer at the receiver, the readings are recorded
resistance at the opposite end of the antenna. as changed at the antenna terminal and as indicated
on a meter in the second detector plate circuit of the
In this case signals from B direction are tuned in to the receiver for each changed step of the
receiver and balanced out by varying Ra. This method will resistance. The observer at the receiver hears a
usually give a lower value of Ra than that recorded for Rb in click when the resistance is switched to the next
the other case. The difference is due to the R.F. resistance step. Its value is known according to a shifting plan
of the primary of the transformer and some residual inductive as prearranged with the antenna terminal
reactance, as unity coupling between turns is not possible. If collaborator and the proper impedance value thus
the recorded value of resistance is low it is an indication of determined.
high ground resistance.
Circuit for Determining Surge Impedance Rear Reception
Figure 10
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Books
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 High- Height Invisible Antennas
The book is an author version of one of the chapters from

the book: Antennas: Ham Practice. The book was
published in Moscow, in 2006. The book published in
Russian.
Book contains topics on design and installation of High

Height Invisible Antennas that allows to Radio Amateur
use the radio in the city being invisible at the side. There
are published some theoretical data and practical
recommendation and proved antenna that would be
helpful for creation of own High Height Invisible Antennas.
Hope the book would be useful for those who attempts

make and tune such antennas.
73!
Igor Grigorov, va3znw
Link to load the book:

http://www.antentop.org/library/shelf_hha.htm
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Shortened Helical Antennas
The book is an author version of one of the chapters from

the book: Antennas: Ham Practice. The book was
published in Moscow, in 2006. The book published in
Russian.
Book contains topics on design, tuning and measurement

of the home made Shortened Helical Antennas intended
for operation in the amateurs HF- Band. There are
published theoretical and practically obtained data for
Shortened Helical Antennas. The book described some
practical design of the helical antennas. Hope the book
would be useful for those who attempts make and tune
such antennas.
73!
Igor Grigorov, va3znw

http://www.antentop.org/library/shelf_helical.htm
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016 # 020 Direction Finding Handbook for Wireless Operators
This is old and reliable book on the subject on the

Direction Finding. Printed in 1942 the book was intended
for aircraft operators though the book is still interesting for
radio amateurs.
Preface to Second Edition
In preparing the second edition of this work, it was left

desirable to extend its scope and cover the interests of
the aircraft operator.
A chapter in Aircraft D/F has accordingly added, and it is

hoped that additional information will enable wireless
operators who may work in the air to use their D/F
apparatus with confidence.
The reception accorded to the first edition has been more

than gratifying, and the author wishes to take this
opportunity of thanking all those who have written
expressing appreciation.
CONTENTS
Preface to Second Edition

Preface to First Edition
I. General View of D/F

II. Rotating Frame D/F
III. Bellini- Tosi D/F
IV. Sensing and Fixing
V. Errors in D/F
VI. Siting and Calibrating
VII. Aircraft D/F

http://www.antentop.org/library/shelf_dfhfwo.htm
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Patents
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020 Short Dipole Antenna
Huge horn antenna at the AT&T satellite ground station at Andover

Maine, USA. This antenna weighed 340 tons.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andover_Earth_Station
ANTENTOP- 01- 2016, # 020
ANTENTOP is FREE e- magazine, made in PDF, Copyright Note: Dear friends, please, note, I respect
Copyright. Always, when I want to use some stuff for
devoted to antennas and amateur radio. Everyone
may share his experience with others hams on the ANTENTOP, I ask owners about it. But sometimes my
pages. Your opinions and articles are published efforts have no success. I have some very interesting
stuff from closed websites however their owners keep
without any changes, as I know, every your word has
silence as well as I have no response on some my
the mean.
emails from some owners
I have a big collection of pictures. I have got the pictures

A little note, I am not native English, so, of course, and stuff in different ways, from FREE websites, from
there are some sentence and grammatical mistakes commercial CDs, intended for FREE using, and so on...
there Please, be indulgent! I use to the pictures (and seldom, some stuff from free
and closed websites) in ANTENTOP. If the owners of
the Copyright stuff have concern, please, contact with
me, I immediately remove any Copyright stuff, or, if it is
Publishing: If you have something for share with necessary, all needed references will be made there.
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me an email. Also, if you want to offer for publishing commercial magazine. Authors and I (Igor Grigorov,
any stuff from your website, you are welcome! the editor of the magazine) do not get any profit from any
issue. But of course, I do not mention from commercial
ads in ANTENTOP. It allows me to do the magazine in
Copyright: Here, at ANTENTOP, we just follow most great way, allows me to pay some money for
traditions of FREE flow of information in our great authors to compensate their hard work.
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ANTENTOP may be photocopied, printed, pasted ANTENTOP, please contact me.
onto websites. We don't want to control this process.
It comes from all of us, and thus it belongs to all of Book Advertising: I believe that Book Advertising is a
us. This doesn't mean that there are no copyrights. noncommercial advertisement. So, Book Advertising is
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And, of course, tradition approach to ANY stuff of the

magazine:
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All the information you find at AntenTop website and

any hard (printed) copy of the AnTentop Publications
are only for educational and/or private use! I and/or
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ANTENTOP 01 2016 # 020

ANTENTOP is FREE e-magazine devoted to ANTENnas

In the Issue: UA6AGW Antenna V. 20-10.51 Thanks to our authors:

Design of Dual 50/144- MHz Aleksandr Grachev,

Simple Tube Receivers! Igor Vakhreev, RW4HFN

Two Tube DSB Receiver EDITORIAL:

Copyright: Here at ANTENTOP we just Contact us: Just email

ANTENTOP is FREE e-magazine, available FREE at http://www.antentop.org/

Welcome to ANTENTOP, FREE e - magazine!

A little note, I am not native English, so, of course,

Copyright Note: I have a big collection of pictures. I have got the

73! Igor Grigorov, VA3ZNW

Antenna Theory Page

PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS

HF- Antenna Practice

RX3MS Helical Antennas

Modified Beverage Antenna

Simple Magnetic Loop Antenna for a Journey

However it stands interesting for me what is the theoretical data for my

Three Element YAGI Antenna for the 20- meter Band

Simple Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

Stub Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

Dual Cross Vertical Antenna for the 6- and 2- meter Band

Simple Three Element Vertical Antenna for the 2- meter Band

Short Five Elements Antenna for the 70- cm Band

Simple Two Tube Direct Conversation Receiver

It is very simple DC receiver contains only two tubes. No one

Simple Four Tube DC Receiver for the 80- meter Band

Simple regenerative Receiver BARER 1

Experimenters with Non Snap Ferrite Cylinder Bead RF Chokes

Time Machine. QSLs from the Past from E- QSL.

MEMORANDUM ON THE BEVERAGE WAVE ANTENNA FOR RECEPTION OF

Page 4.1 http://www.antentop.org/

High- Height Invisible Antennas

Light description of the book and link to download.... 91

Shortened Helical Antennas

Direction Finding Handbook for Wireless Operators : by: W. E. Crook

Short Dipole Antenna 94- 100

28 Just description of the patent.....

Page 4.2 http://www.antentop.org/

Feel Yourself a Student!

You ask me: Why?

So, feel yourself a student! Go to Antenna Studies!

So, feel yourself a student! Go to Antenna Studies!

McMaster University Hall Prof. Natalia K.

PLANAR ARRAYS, CIRCULAR ARRAYS

By: TURKIN VLADIMIR, RX3MS

Figure 1 RX3MS Helical antenna

Figure 2 MAXI RX3MS Helical antenna

Figure 3 MINI RX3MS Helical antenna

Figure 4 Antenna Tuner by RX3MS for his Helical antennas

By: Igor Grigorov, va3znw, Richmond Hill, ON,

Finally Friday -29 (2016) came in. Of course, when I

However my transceiver was turned on. CQ TEST

I was known that termination load at Beverage

I took a break in my contesting. I expected the

Termination Load on the Base of the Wire Wound

MFJ VERSA TUNER II at my Station Wire Wound Resistor

Wire wound resistor (that was for the termination

In spite of cold (minus 7 C degree, minus 15 with

If you look attentively at the burned load you may

When termination load is overload at the beginning

Note: For example, link at ANTENTOP:

Figure 1 shows design of the transformer with