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MIG welding requires a shielding gas to be used. As the name states Metal
Inert Gas Welding there is no shielding on the electrode or filler wire. MIG
welding would not be possible without shielding gas. The way the shielding
gas works is it is feed through the MIG gun and it literally suffocates the
weld area from any air. This provides a air free zone where the welding arc
and filler wire can do their work to get the joint welded.
MIG welding typically three types of gas for shielding and they are:
Argon
Carbon Dioxide
Helium
Easy to learn
The use of an inert gas makes this type of welding less portable than
arc welding which requires no external source of shielding gas
Short circuit
Globular
Spray
Pulsed spray
The transfer types used to MIG weld are determined by the metal type,
shielding gas used and machine settings. MIG welding transfer types are
more of a machine set-up issue then a welding issue.