VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI

University of Languages and International Studies

Faculty of English Teacher Education

INTERNSHIP PORTFOLIO

EVALUATION OF INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES IN THE CENTRE

OF LINGUISTICS AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

BY
NGUYEN TAT DAT
SID: 13041215
datnguyen13e16@gmail.com

Performed at

CENTRE OF LINGUISTICS AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

ULIS VNU
Pham Van Dong, Cau Giay, Hanoi

in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the

BA in English Programme Report of Internship
ENG4001, from February 20 to March 26,
2017
Date Submitted: March 31, 2017
 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI
University of Languages and International Studies
Faculty of English Teacher Education

Bachelor in English Programme

Translation and Interpreting /
International Economics

QH.2013.F1

Statement of Affirmation

I hereby declare that the term paper submitted was in all parts exclusively
prepared on my own, and that other resources or other means (including
electronic media and online sources), than those explicitly referred to, have
not been utilized.

All implemented fragments of text, employed in a literal and/or analogous

manner, have been marked as such.

Name

Class

Student
Number

Place, Date Signature

TABLE OF CONTENTS
2 | Page
CONTENT PAGE

Statement of affirmation..................................................................................................................

Table of contents..............................................................................................................................

Part 1 Overview of the host organization4

1 General description of the host organization...............................................................................

2 Description of the department in charge of the internship...........................................................

Part 2 Description of the interns duties..5

Part 3 The interns self-reflection7

3.1. Evaluation of objectives..............................................................................................................

3.2. Professional development experiences and future career plans..................................................

APPENDICES

Appendix A..9

Appendix B 16

PART 1 OVERVIEW OF THE HOST ORGANIZATION

1 General description of the host organization

3 | Page
My internship took place at the Center of Linguistics and International Studies
(COLIS), which is located at Room 301, 302, 303 A3 building, ULIS VNU and
managed by Dr. Nguyen Ngoc Anh. As a ULIS student majoring in translation and
interpretation, I held a firm belief that choosing COLIS was an ideal decision to make.
At a linguistic center like COLIS, I could put what I had learnt in translation theory
class into practice and further developed my translation and interpretation skill. The
information relating the function and missions of COLIS, taken from ULIS website, is
provided as below:

FUNCTION:

COLIS is responsible for organizing and implementing research projects,

teaching, training, transferring knowledge and carrying out scientific services
in the field of Linguistic and International Studies.

MISSIONS:

Organize and implement linguistic researches which are highly practical in

teaching foreign languages in Viet Nam; solve issues relating to country
studies, local and global studies, help improve the understanding in linguistic
and international studies.
Integrate researching with training, especially in post-graduate education, help
provide high-quality workforce for the country in the context of international
integration, globalization and the development of knowledge-based economy.
Cooperate with other organizations, carry out short-term and long-term
projects and counsel programs.
Boost the cooperation among sectors, improve the exchange of information,
host national and international conference, organize courses and programs
relating to research in the field of Linguistic and International studies.
Mobilize every staff from not only inside ULIS and VNU but also from
outside the country to carry out the function of this center.

1.2 Description of the department in charge of the internship

Since COLIS functions as a single unit, there is no separate department
in this center. I performed my internship under the supervision of Associate
Professor Dr. Le Hung Tien for VNU research project QG.15.35 (Research
title: Research on translation quality assessment models for translations from
4 | Page
 English to Vietnamese). Besides assisting Dr. Tien, I also assisted other
researchers taking part in the project, two of whom were Mrs. Thuy a
lecturer from VNU International School and Mr. Bac a lecturer from ULIS
VNU.

........................ During my internship, Dr. Tien was so busy that he could not directly
give me instructions. Therefore, Mrs. Thuy was in charge most of the time and
Dr. Tien was the one who evaluated and graded the quality of my work in the
last phase of the internship.

PART 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERNS DUTIES

My four major tasks in this internship were: a) translate document, b)

find articles relating to translation, c) collect surveys and input data, and d)
transcribe conference interpretation audio. Details of these tasks are presented
as below:
2.1 Translating Document (Appendix A)
At the beginning of the internship, Dr. Tien required me to translate
chapter Developing Translation Competence: Introduction taken from the
book Developing Translation Competence by Christina Schaffner and
Beverly Adab from Aston University Birmingham. Comparing to what I
learned in class, this chapter provided much more in-depth information on
translation competence, which was a concept that I had not paid much
attention to before. Major points relating the translation competence were
summarized into four sub-topics, which were: Translation as performance,
Defining Translation Competence, Building Translation Competence and
Assessing Translation Competence. There was barely new word or new
concept in this chapter, therefore it was not difficult for me to translate it into
Vietnamese. However, in my opinion, this document was not easy to be
comprehended by people who had not studied translation theory. The content
was full of scientific expressions and it delved so much into synthesizing the
work of other researchers in the field of translation. To me, it was beneficial at
some points as it provided some information on the background and the
development of translation in the history of mankind. Upon completing this
translation, I found myself having more understanding over some issues in
translation and interpretation.
5 | Page
 2.2. Finding Articles (Appendix B)
The second task given to me was finding review articles relating to
translation. I was assigned to collect articles reflecting translation issues in the
field of law. Although this task was quite easy as I only had to search Google
for articles, it was quite problematic since the number of articles relating to
translation issues in law was not high. I had to think of as many keywords as I
could and after several attempts, I managed to collect enough as required and
submitted to Mrs. Thuy.
2.3. Collecting surveys and inputting data
This was a quite demanding task. I was asked to collect 120 surveys in
total (60 from readers in the first phase, 50 from readers in the second phase,
10 from translators in the last phase) and input all their answers into an Excel
file. Collecting such huge number of data was quite a memorable experience.
120 surveys meant I had to approach more than 120 people and asked them to
fill in the form. Many of them, including my friends, refused to do the form
and some others filled very carelessly. It took me more than two weeks to
finish this task as I was given this task at the end of my semester at school,
which meant I also had to take several examinations at the same time. Luckily,
Mrs. Thuy had supported us quite a lot with suggestions on where I should go
to collect data as well as advice on how to approach and ask strangers to fill in
the form.
2.4. Transcribing audio
This task was given to me by Mr. Bac. He asked me to transcribe 6
audio records of simultaneous interpretation he got from some conferences.
Since the quality of the sound was not good the audio was quite long and not
to mention the close deadlines, I found it quite irritating to spend time on this
task. For an audio of 20 minutes, it took me more than an hour to transcribe
and the longer the audio was, the more effort I had to put in transcribing.
Fortunately, I finished this task on time thanks to the help from some of my
friends.

PART 3 THE INTERNS SELF-REFLECTION

3.1. Evaluation of objectives

6 | Page
....................... When applied for this internship, my initial target was to learn more
about translation in the academic context. Joining in the projects had improved
my understanding in translation competence in particular and translation as a
career in general. It was quite a pleasant experience to work with experts in
this field (namely Dr. Tien, Mrs. Thuy and Mr. Bac) and with my teammates.
However, my second objective, which was to put my translation and
interpretation skill into practice, was not totally fulfilled. Most of the time I
got to work with the research rather than work with translation. It would be
much better if I could have the opportunity to participate in interpreting at real
conferences or translate documents which were not too academic.

3.2. Professional development experiences and future career plans

As I mentioned above, in this internship, I worked with the research more than
worked with translation. Therefore, I had gained quite a lot experience in
researching, which was beneficial for my graduation thesis, but not in
translation, which was more important for my future career. Furthermore, this
internship was so much longer than I expected. It lasted for nearly ten months
and sometimes I was irritated as no ending date was announced.
In my opinion, there should be several changes made by the center to
improve the quality of future internship. First of all, people who are in charge
of internship should be more responsible in supervising the interns.
Specifically, more instructions, advice and guidelines should be given after my
translation. Secondly, a detailed plan should be made so that the interns as
well as the supervisor can follow it easily (and by that plan, the interns can
know exactly how long the internship will last and what is the ending date).
Although the workload was not high, it was not evenly distributed through out
the internship, sometimes I had to finish a very close deadline and had to ask
for help from my teammates. A plan would have solved such problem. Thirdly,
it would have been better if the interns were given balanced tasks between
researching and translating/interpreting. To me, I was not so much satisfied
with the workload relating to translation.
All in all, the internship ended with both expected and unexpected
outcome. COLIS will be a better center for internship if the aforementioned

7 | Page
 issues are solved. I am satisfied with the support from supervisors as well as
lessons learned at this center during my internship.

Appendix A:
Gii thiu v Pht trin Nng lc Dch thut
CHRISTINA SCHAFFNER V BEVERLY ADAB
i hc Aston Birmingham
Hnh vi dch thut
Dch v nhng sn phm ca dch thut xut hin t trc khi loi ngi c th ghi
chp li lch s, khi phng thc giao tip duy nht l ting ni. Dch lun l mt hot
ng cn thit trong giao thng v l yu t c bn trong nn gio dc s khai.
Nhng bc tin v xu hng ca hot ng dch thut c th hin qua mi thi k
v c ghi chp li rt cn thn, c bit Chu u, v d nh cng trnh nghin
cu ca Delisle v Woodsworth (1995) v nhng ng gp ln lao ca nhng nh
dch thut quan trng; tng hp ca Robinson (1997) v l thuyt phn nh qua dch
thut; v nghin cu ca Pym (1998) v cc phng php dch thut qua cc thi k.

8 | Page
Tuy nhin, mi n tn na sau ca th k 20 nhng nghin cu v dch thut mi c
nhng bc pht trin h thng hn xy dng l thuyt dch thut. Vic ny dn ti
nghin cu v cch thc truyn t dch thut; cng c ci thin cc k nng khc
nhau trong mt hoc nhiu ngn ng v vn ha nc ngoi; trong mi quan h v
lin h vi ting m , nhm mc ch t c nhiu hiu qu hn trong qu trnh
giao tip. Tri li vi vic tp hp cc nh ngn ng c nng lc thc hin hot
ng dch thut, o to dch thut vin mt cch h thng bt u c nhn nhn
nh mt vn nghim tc trong nhng nm 1940, khi hng lot cc chng trnh
c m ra nhm ti vic o to cc nh bin/phin dch chuyn nghip, v d nh
ti i hc Geneva, Thy in nm 1941, Vienna, o, nm 1943, Mainz-
Germersheim, c, nm 1946, Georgetown, M, nm 1949. K t , cc chng
trnh o to nh vy tng ln mt lng ng k trn ton cu p ng c
nhng i hi ca vic ton cu ha giao tip v quc t ha thng mi. Mt thnh
tu ng k ca hin tng ny l bc tip cn nghim tc hn v c bit nhm ti
o to cc bin dch vin v phin dch vin. Kha hc ny c coi l yu t cn
bn nht cho thnh cng v nhng thnh tu cho mt vi mc tiu nht nh lin quan
n vic c hiu, to ra v chuyn giao tin tc t kha cnh vn ha x hi. Qu
trnh xut hin v pht trin chng mt ca Nghin cu Dch p ng c nhng i
hi ca s pht trin ny v t mt mi quan h ph thuc ln nhau xut hin.
Bc sang th k 21, cc nh chuyn gia Nghin cu Dch u ng thun rng mc
tiu nghin cu ca h (dch thut) l mt hot ng phc tp, i hi nhiu kin thc
chuyn mn trong nhiu lnh vc v k nng khc nhau. hon thnh nhim v ca
mnh, bin dch vin cn c c kin thc ln k nng; hay ni cch khc, h cn c
nng lc thc hin cng vic ca mnh.
Ngnh Nghin cu Dch ng thi ra mt vi tiu ch trong vi thp nin qua;
n cng l mt ngnh lin tc pht trin cc nguyn l v phng php nghin cu
trong cc lnh vc khc nhau v lin quan n ngnh hc ny. Hot ng nghin cu
trong cc lnh vc khc nhau ny tp trung vo mi lin vn ha, i mi, lin ngnh
v tnh quc t. Cc t chc nh Hi Nghin cu Dch thut Chu u (EST) lun tm
kim c hi trao i nhng quan im v nghin cu hc thut, ca c cc nh
nghin cu c tn tui v cc hc gi mi. Cc nghin cu trong cc tp ch quc t
khc nhau th hin s a dng trong cc nghin cu ca cc chuyn gia Nghin cu
Dch.
Biu hin ti u ca bt k hot ng no, v d, li xe, u da vo s lin kt ca
cc kh nng khc nhau m, tt nhin, u lin h vi nhau. Dch thut nh mt hnh
vi c ch ch (v d Nord 1977) yu cu nng lc in hnh m cho ti nay vn kh
xc nh, cha k n vic nh lng. Vn cha c nghin cu c th no trong
lnh vc Nghin cu Dch thut v vn lm th no xc nh v pht trin nng
lc dch thut, mc d cc kha cnh ca nng lc dch thut c xc nh khi
qut hn bi cc hc gi (v d, Wilss nm 1996, Risku nm 1998, v ng gp ca
Kelletat nm 1996). Cng cha c nhiu bi vit t pha o to dch thut v lm th
no h thng nh gi dch thut c th c xy dng bn trong nhng chng trnh
o to y. Nhng cu hi m chng ny s cp ti l:
Nng lc dch thut l g?

9 | Page
 Lm th no xy dng v pht trin n?
Lm th no sn phm dch c th c dng nh gi mc nng
lc?
Nhng cu hi ny s c tr li vi nhng ti liu tham kho c th lin quan ti
hot ng o to. Nhng ng gp c nhn c xp vo ba mc chnh: nh ngha
nng lc dch thut (Phn I), Xy dng nng lc dch thut (Phn II), nh gi nng
lc dch thut (Phn III). V ba mc ny c tnh cht lin quan n nhau, khng th
trnh khi nhiu ti liu tham kho c lp li trong mt hoc nhiu mc bt k
trang no.
nh ngha Nng lc Dch thut
Cng nh nhng hot ng phc tp khc, gii thch nhng nng lc in hnh,
hc gi thng phn chia nng lc dch thut thnh cc b nng lc nh lin quan ti
nhau, c th c nghin cu n l, cng nh trong s kt hp vi cc nng lc
khc. Do , u tin cao nht l nh ngha r rng hn nhng nng lc nh khc
nhau trong qu trnh dch thut, nhm mc ch th v xc nh mt b quy tc c th
to nn mt nn tng vng chc cho o to dch thut. Ch khi vic nghin cu
mi lin kt gia nhng quy tc y v kt hp chng vo nhng chng trnh c
thit k gip dch gi t c mc nng lc dch thut mong mun mi c th
tr nn kh thi.
Mc u tin ny s tp trung vo xc nh nhng nng lc nh. Trong nhng nng
lc nh thng c xc nh, bn thn nng lc ngn ng, mc d rt cn thit v
cn bn, l khng . Nng lc dch thut c nh gi l chuyn mn cn thit
trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau: t nht s bao gm kin thc ngn ng, kin thc vn
ha v kin thc ca lnh vc c th. Albrecht Neubert miu t nm nng lc nh ca
nng lc dch thut: nng lc ngn ng, nng lc vn bn, nng lc ch , nng lc
vn ha, nng lc chuyn giao. Trong nhng nghin cu khc, vi nng lc k trn v
cc nng lc khc c tho lun rt c th. Marisa Presas nghin cu cc kha cnh
ca hin tng song ng v mn lin h gia nng lc song ng v nng lc dch
thut. B cho rng, tri ngc vi nhng iu chng ta bit, mt ngi dng song ng
cha qua o to khng th m bo c nng lc dch thut. Mt khc, nng lc
dch thut khng ch l ci thin nng lc song ng, Jean Pierre Mailhac khc ha s
quan trng ca vic nhn thc hon cnh, vi v d v cp ting Anh v ting Php,
theo phn tch tng phn da trn vic dch thut mt on ting Anh. T ng
a ra nhng kt lun cho chin lc dch thut. Janet Fraser phn tch cng vic ca
cc dch gi chuyn nghip trong lm vic ngy thng, o su vo qu trnh suy
ngh, s dng Giao thc ngh ln ting. Da trn nhng yu cu ca dch gi thc tp
b a ra nhng kt lun lin quan n vic lm th no nhng nng lc ny c th
c a vo chng trnh dch thut. Gunilla Anderman v Margaret Rogers cng
coi nhng yu cu ca mi trng chuyn nghip l im khi u cho chng trnh
o to, m t lm th no nhng cch tip cn ny c s dng ti cc quc gia
khc nhau bng vic cp ti d n POSI ca chu u (chng trnh o to cho
nhng phin dch vin v bin dch vin tp trung vo thc hnh).

10 | P a g e
Khi tho lun v nng lc dch thut v nhng nng lc nh, cm t nng lc thng
c lin h vi nhng khi nim v phm cht khc c coi l tin cho nhim v
dch thut, ni bt nht l: kin thc, k nng, nhn thc, chuyn mn. Cm t nng
lc, v vy, c s dng nh l mt nh ngha bao trm v l khi nim tm tt li
nhng nng lc hnh vi kh nh ngha. N bao hm mt lot nhng yu t v nng
lc khc nhau lm nhng th c th, m cng da trn kin thc. Kin thc ny (v
d kin thc tng thut, bit ci g) c p dng da trn nh gi v cc yu t
khc nhau nh hng ti cc tnh hung dch thut, v d nhn thc v tnh hung
giao tip, mc ch ca hot ng dch thut, ca i tc giao tip, vn vn (v d
kin thc thc thi, bit ci g v lm th no). Kh nng s dng kin thc ny v p
dng n c lin kt vi nhn thc, th m c th c miu t nh vic a ra
quyt nh mt cch tnh to hoc nng lc chuyn giao.
Xy dng Nng lc Dch thut
Vic pht trin nng lc dch thut l mc ch c bn ca bt k chng trnh dch
thut no v nng lc c th pht trin c l kin c nhiu ngi ng tnh.
Tuy nhin, cu hi c t ra trong kha cnh ny bao gm c bn cht nng ng
ca qu trnh hc hi, l mt qu trnh m v kh c th nh lng, Kt qu l, cu
hi nh th no, khi no nng lc dch thut c th pht trin c cng nh tri qua
nhng bc no cn c xem xt k lng.
Nhng ngi ng gp nht tr rng nng lc dch thut c pht trin hiu qu nht
trong nhng t chc hc thut. Nhng hnh thc khc nhau ca t chc hc thut
cung cp nhng kha hc a ti nhng nng lc chuyn nghip. Ph thuc vo
nhng hn ch ca vn ha x hi, chng trnh ca h c th tp trung vo l thuyt
dch thut, k nng dch thut thc hnh v thng thng hn l s kt hp ca c hai.
Khp chu u cu hi lm cch no chun b tt nht cho nhng dch gi trong s
nghip tng lai ca h c gii p kh c th bng vic tng cng nhng
chng trnh khc nhau vi mc ch chun b cho dch gi lm vic trong mi trng
chuyn nghip. V vy, vi quc gia a ra nhng chng trnh i hc c thit k
dnh ring cho vic o to dch gi, nhng quc gia khc li a chung vic o to
chuyn mn cho cc chng trnh sau i hc.
Khi ln k hoch cho mt chng trnh nhm t c mc ch cui cng ca vic
pht trin nng lc dch thut tr thnh mt th phc tp hn ch l ci thin nng lc
n thun, cu trc tng th ca chng trnh, cc bc ca qu trnh v pht trin
nhng nng lc con khc nhau, vic chn lc v thi gian ca nhng bi hc, kha
hc v k hc c th cn c xem xt c th. Tuy nhin, d c nhng chng trnh
nh vy, mt vi quc gia cc cng ty vn tip tc tin tng giao nhng cng vic
dch thut cho nhng ngi khng c o to dch thut chuyn mn. V d, ti Anh,
cc tr s dch thut thng nhn nhng ngi tt nghip vi tm bng ngoi ng.
y c th l s phn nh, cng nh l kt qu, ca tnh hnh o to dch thut hin
ti ti Anh, ni rt t trng i hc dy dch thut da trn l thuyt tip cn nhng
nhim v chuyn nghip yu cu nng lc dch thut c th (v ti ny, tham kho
Sewell v Higgins nm 1996).
Vic khng ch sinh vin hc sinh m c nhng hc gi c chuyn nghip v nhng
ngi ang tham gia qu trnh o to nghin cu k lng hn qu trnh thc hnh
11 | P a g e
dch thut hin ti ti cc t chc khc nhau quanh th gii l rt hu ch v lin quan,
v c th nhng quy tc c bn s c pht hin ti nhng chng trnh pht trin
cha hon thin. Phn th hai ny s cp ti vi vn lin quan n o to dch
thut trong mi trng hc thut ti vi quc gia (ch yu ti chu u). Mt vi mc
s tp trung ti nhng bc pht trin ca ngi hc, nhng mc khc tp trung vo
cch thc tt nht hng dn ngi hc trong qu trnh hc tp.
Andrew Chesterman tranh lun rng nhim v hc ca ngi hc dch thut l ni b
ha nhng khi nim v tr thnh nhng chuyn gia trong vic s dng chng hp l.
Th thch cho gio vin l to ra nhng iu kin s ni b ha c th din ra v
tng nhn thc ca hc vin v nhng cng c khi nim c bn. Trong h thng tng
bc, da trn Dreyfus (1986), ngi hc tri qua giai on v lng tin ti s ng,
ri ti giai on c nng lc (nhn din bng nhng quyt nh c nhn thc), ri ti
giai on thnh tho, v cui cng l giai on chuyn gia. T nhng bc ny c th
lin h vi vic thit k nhng chng trnh o to dch thut. i vi Jean Vienne,
k nng quan trng nht cho dch gi l, u tin, kh nng phn tch nhng tnh
hung dch thut khc nhau, v th hai, kh nng quyt nh chin lc cho ngun
nghin cu p dng ln tnh hung dch thut. ng miu t phng php o to
ging vi tnh hung ngoi i. Trong mt n lc tng t hc trong mi trng
i thc, Agnes Elthes cng nghin cu nhng qu trnh m phm ca lp hc dch,
t nhng bi tp tin-dch thut, nh l phn tch on, ti so snh nhng quyt nh
dch thut kh thi khc nhau v nhng gii php nh gi ph phn. Olivia Fox cho
thy lm th no nhng kha cnh pht trin ca qu trnh tip nhn nng lc dch
thut c ghi li trong nht k hc vin. Vit nht k v trao i vi bn hc l nhng
yu t ca phng php dch thut ch trng vo qu trnh, ngi hc v nhng th
cn hc.
Catherine Way nghin cu nhng cu hi rng hn lin quan n cu trc ca nhng
kha hc dch thut chuyn mn, nh l mc chuyn mn, la chn lnh vc v
la chn th loi v on dch ti cc mc khc nhau ca qu trnh o to. Christina
Schaffner lit k ra nhng quy tc c bn cho thit k chng trnh dch thut mc
i hc trong hon cnh Anh quc. B cho rng vic pht trin nhng nng lc
chuyn giao c bn l kh thi v nn nghe theo ng thi cng vi nng lc ngn ng
v vn ha. Dorothy Kelly bn lun nhng tiu ch cho vic la chn vn bn trong
qu trnh hc, khc ha vi th loi vn bn trong mc du khch. B cp ti nhng
i hi ca mi trng chuyn nghip, c bit l nhu cu ca nhng sn phm hon
thin cht lng cao v s khng thay th c ca sc p thi gian, ti qu trnh hc
thc s. Ronald Sim kt lun rng hc trong nhng tnh hung dch thut ti Chu Phi
c ng gp c th vic pht trin hiu bit v nng lc dch thut. Ti Kenya, v d,
i to dch thut vin c kt hp vi cc t chc o to l thuyt v s quan trng
ca dch thut Kinh Thnh trong ngn ng b tc Chu Phi. V vy, nhng hn ch
c th v vn ha v ngn ng cn c xem xt trong chng trnh o to.
Hu ht nhng ngi ng gp cho chng ny ng rng hc vin dch thut cn
khng ch hiu quy tc l thuyt ca TS m cn pht trin s nhn thc v cc chin
lc dch thut khc nhau c th p dng vo nhng vn bn khc nhau cho nhng
c gi khc nhau v/hoc cho nhng mc ch khc nhau. Vic a ra quyt nh
nn c iu hnh bi vic hiu cch thc mc ch c ch nh cho vn bn ch
12 | P a g e
i vi kin thc ca ngi c vn bn ch, v vy bng vic m rng, vic a ra
quyt nh ph thuc vo vic hiu nhng g c gi cn. S bng n ca lnh vc
cng ngh thng tin em ti nhng cng c y sc mnh, nu c s dng hp l
trong h thng tip cn vi dch thut, c th cho php nhng ndichj gii khng
chuyn c th lm vic c nng lc v ng tin cy hn trong nhng lnh vc bn
chuyn mn, min l h qua o to c th s dng nhng cng c y hiu qu
nht. S lin quan ca nhng cng c cng ngh thng tin cho s pht trin ca nng
lc dch thut c cp ti su hn trong nhng nghin cu khc, mc d khng
c nghin cu no tp trung c th vo kha cnh ny.
Cu hi cui cng mc ny cp ti l lm th no nh gi hiu qu nhng kha
cnh khc nhau ca nng lc dch thut v qu trnh hc vin tip nhn chng.
nh gi Nng lc Dch thut
Hu ht cc nghin cu u tho lun v cch pht trin nng lc dch thut, nhng
mt vn khng km phn quan trng l cu hi lm th no bit mc ch ra
t c cha v tm bng chng u l tt nht. Nng lc dch thut c th
c nghin cu t hai cch: t sn phm (v d, vn bn ch, cht lng ca vn
bn ch, tnh ph hp vi mc ch c th), hoc qu trnh (v d t tnh hiu qu ca
qu trnh a ra quyt nh). Hu ht nghin cu trong mc ny tp trung vo sn
phm, xem xt nhng tiu ch no c th c p dng vo sn phm v lm th no
nhng tiu ch c th dng lm v d cho vic hiu hn khi nim v nng lc dch
thut. Nu y l mt khi nim tru tng ch c th o lng thng qua s th hin,
v d nh vn bn ch, v nh gi n qua gi nh rng n l bng chng trc tip
ca mt mc nng lc nht nh. Ni cch khc, chng ta c th tha nhn rng
khi nim ca nng lc dch thut l mt khi nim c thc, nh trong vic ph phn
dch thut, v d trong nh gi nhng sn phm ca mt dch gi chuyn nghip
xc nh s hu dng trong thng mi khng? Cng nh vy, c th qu trnh
pht trin t bn thn n nh lng c khng? Chng ta c th o c qua trnh
cc mc khc nhau t c nng lc dch thut c khng? Cng trnh ca
Janet Fraser nghin cu qu trnh ca vic a ra quyt nh l mt trong nhng cch
gii quyt vn ny.
Mc ny cp ti vic nh gi sn phm trong mi quan h (t hay nhiu) vi
nhng mc nng lc dch c nh trc hoc k vng trc. Da trn vic so
snh vn bn ch, c dch bi nhng hc vin dch thut ln th nht v bi nhng
hc vin ngn ng khng qua qu trnh o to dch thut c th ln th hai, Allison
Beeby a ra nhng bng chng v vic chng trnh o to nhm ti nhng nng
lc ph c th gip hc vin t c nhng kt qu tt hn (v d: vn bn hp l
hn). Mariana Orozco nhm ti vic a ti nhng ci nhn mi trong qu trnh hc
vin c c nng lc dch thut. B lp ra mt d n xy dng v kim tra
nhng cng c dng nh gi vic tip thu nng lc dch thut cc mc .
Beverly Adab cho rng c c b tiu ch c th hn nh gi, th cng to
thnh nn tng cho qu trnh a ra quyt nh, nu vic o to nhn thc v cc la
chn v cc chin lc dch, dn ti vic ci thin cc nh gi ph phn nh mt
phn ca nng lc chuyn giao v nng lc dch thut ton din. Gerard McAlester
lin kt nh gi vi nhng tiu chun c bn cho cng nhn chuyn mn. ng tranh

13 | P a g e
lun cho mt tiu chun tc l khung tiu chun cho dch thut, v ng xc nh thi
gian kim tra li l mt tiu chun quan trng trong kha cnh ny.
Kt lun
Trong bt k mi trng chuyn nghip no, cng vic u c nh gi da trn
nhng mc tiu v yu cu c nh ngha r rng, th cn mt loi nng lc c th
- mi trng dch thut cng khng phi ngoi l. Nhng dch gi c nng lc thc s
rt cn thit trong vic y nhanh yu cu pht trin ca mi trng dch thut chuyn
nghip. Cc ng gp u nht tr rng nhng trng i hc c trch nhim o to
nhng chuyn gia dch thut. Mc tiu v mc ch, cng nh cu trc v ni dung
chng trnh, cn c thit k c th t c yu cu chuyn mn. Chng ny
cho thy cc quc gia v nn vn ha u cn mt b quy tc lm ct li c th
thng bo v hng dn o to dch gi. Tt c nhng ngi ng gp u l nhng
hc gi dch thut v ngi o to dch thut cn ang hot ng. iu ny cho php
mt s so snh v vic cn phi lm ti cc quc gia v/hoc t chc khc nhau, ch
yu Chu u, v cng mt quc gia Chu Phi. Nhng nghin cu ny tp trung
ch yu vo cc bi hc cn c hc t vic thc hnh hc thut, theo cng vi
nhng gi c nhn da trn kinh nghim. Mc ch gii thiu mt phng php
tho lun, chia s kinh nghim v thc hnh tt hn v cng cho php cc c
nhn, th v kim tra cc phng php kim tra cho vic tho lun, cng nh to tin
cho vic kim tra v nh gi sau ny.
Chng ny nu ra nhng kinh nghim vng chc ca nhng ngi ng gp khc
nhau trong thit k chng trnh v chuyn ti hot ng o to dch thut. Tm tt
chung ny lm ni tri nhng kha cnh chung v xc nh nhng mi quan tm
chung, cng nh ch ra nhng s khc nhau. Tng mc ring bit phn nh tc gi
n t nhng nn tng khc nhau v i din cho nhng phng thc tip cn dch
thut khc nhau. V lut l ca Nghin cu Dch c khc ha bng mt lot cc
cch tip cn, tranh lun v khi nim, chng ti, nhng ngi chnh sa, c gng
khng ng nht nhng ng gp ca c nhn c th.
Chng ny cng mong i s thc y nhng cuc tranh luan. N din t lm th
no gi thuyt v thc hnh lin quan mt thit trong lnh vc Nghin cu Dch. N
khng ch cho thy thc hnh yu cu tham kho ti l thuyt to ra mt khung
khi nim; n cn cho thy nghin cu l thuyt c th hp nht nhng khm ph
trong nghin cu thc nghim vo vic nghin cu tip din lin quan ti nhng qu
trnh dch thut v gii thch lm th no nng lc dch thut, nh l mt cng c nhn
thc, xc nh v c xc nh bi nhng qu trnh ny. L thuyt dch gip ch cho
thit k nhng kha hc hc thut, v nhng kinh nghim hc thut t ra cu hi cho
hc gi v vic lm th no nh ngha nng lc nhm mc ch p dng nhng h
thng hnh thc o lng v nh gi.
V vy chng ny c mong i s ng gp vo nhng tho lun vn ang tip
din v bn cht, s pht trin v nh gi v nng lc dch thut. Mc tiu khng ch
ch trng vo nhng hc gi v ngi o to khc m cn vo nhng hc vin dch
thut, v nhng ngi a ra quyt nh trong bi cnh hc thut. Chng ny cng
c mong i s tng nhn thc v vic tho lun ca nhng ngi bt u dch v
ngi s dng kt qu dch, nhng ngii ph thuc vo chuyn mn ca nhng dch
14 | P a g e
gi c nng lc. Cui cng, chng ny cng trng i s hng th ca nhng hc
gi Nghin cu Dch, nhng ngi tp trung vo kha cnh l thuyt ca vic dch,
mi gi h nhn nhng th thch t quan im ca chnh h v ng gp vo s pht
trin ca nh ngha nng lc dch thut m qua c th lan truyn ti mt lng
c gi, hc gi ngi o to dch v hc vin dch rng ri hn.
Ghi ch
1. Bn trc y ca cc nghin cu c cp c trng by ti Hi tho
Quc t v Pht trin nng lc dch thut, t chc ti i hc Aston Birmingham, t
ngy 17-19 thng By nm 1997. Hi tho ny c t chc bt u chng trnh
o to dch gi c trnh i hc v sau i hc ti i hc Aston.
2. H tr cho cng vic bin chp c yu cu trong qu trnh sn xut bn sao
c cung cp bi Qu Nghin cu Ngn ng Hin i Aston. Cm n Julie
Ramsden, Judith Morley v Suzanne Carter v h tr.
Ti liu tham kho
Delisle, J. v Woodsworth, J. (eds). 1995. Lch s Bin dch. Amsterdam/Philadephia:
Benjamins/UNESCO.
Dreyfus, H. L. and Dreyfus, S. E. 1986. T duy vt My mc. Oxford:
Blackwell/New York: The Free Press.
Kellatat, A. (ed.). 1996. Ubersetzerische Kompetenz. Beitrage zur universitaren
Ubersetzerausbildung in Deutschland und Skandinavien. Frankfurt/Main:
Lang.
Nord, C. 1997. Dch thut nh l Hot ng c mc ch. Gii thch Phng thc tip
cn ca cc chc nng. Manchester: St. Jerome.
Pym, A. 1998. Phng php Dch Lch s. Manchester: St Jerome.
APPENDIX B - List of collected review articles

I. c trng ca ting anh php l: nhng thch thc v ngn ng trong dch

thut - Characteristics of legal english: linguistic challenges in translation

(https://nguyenphuocvinhco.com/2016/04/15/dac-trung-cua-tieng-anh-phap-

ly-nhung-thach-thuc-ve-ngon-ngu-trong-dich-thuat-characteristics-of-legal-

english-linguistic-challenges-in/)

II. Mt s vn trong dch hp ng thng mi ting anh - Some problems

in the translation of commercial contracts in english

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(https://nguyenphuocvinhco.com/2013/06/04/mot-so-van-de-trong-dich-hop-dong-

thuong-mai-tieng-anh-some-problems-in-the-translation-of-commercial-contracts-in-

english-2/)

III. Thc hin Lut Cng chng - Kh v... dch thut

(http://www.sggp.org.vn/xahoi/2007/9/120890/)

IV. Cng chng vin khng "ti thnh" trc bn dch

( http://www.baomoi.com/cong-chung-vien-khong-tai-thanh-truoc-ban-

dich/c/13533369.epi)

V. Cng chng vin phi chu trch nhim v ni dung dch thut

(http://www.baogiaothong.vn/cong-chung-vien-phai-chiu-trach-nhiem-ve-noi-dung-
dich-thuat-d76922.html)
VI. Nhng thch thc trong dch thut php l
(https://dichso.com/thach-thuc-dich-thuat-phap-ly/)

VII. Tn gi cho Hp ng v Th trng k hn chun (futures contract)

(https://lehoangnhi.wordpress.com/2012/10/15/ten-goi-cho-hop-dong-va-thi-truong-
ky-han-chuan-futures-contract/)

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