Chemistry Review 1-110

Which of the four elements in proteins

Differentiates this class of substances from carbs Nitrogen
and lipids?
Which of the proteins is soluble in water? Albumin
How many amino acids joined together to form a
peptide bonding
chainlike structure?
Proteins may become denatured when subjected
to mechanical agitation, heat, or chemical
Alteration of tertiary structure
treatment. What does denaturation of protiens
refer to?
Which aminoacidopathy is NOT caused by an
cystinuria
enzyme deficiency?
How many immunoglobulin classes are currently
five
recognized?
Which reagent is employed in th eserum protein
Biuret
determination?
Why should hemolyzed serum not be used for Hemolglobin is absored at the
total protein analysis? wavelength as protein in the reagent
Why is bromcresol purple the prferred indicator there is less interference form
for albumin dye binding techniques? pigment(s).
What is the most anodic protein on
Albumin
electrophoresis at pH 8.6
If an electrophoretic pattern shows 30%albumin,
4-10% alpha-globulin, and 45% gamma-
Monoclonal gammopathy
globulin,then what condition may exist in the
patient?
Glycoportiens and mucoprotiens are usually
Carbohydrates
bound to which substances?
All of the following are glycoproteins EXCEPT
which one? ceruloplasmin, FSH, fibrinogen or cryoglobulin
cryoglobulin.
Which one of the following applies to
cryoglobulins? a)they are temperature
sensitiveb)the specimen should clot at room a)they are temperature sensitive
temp.c)the specimen is incubated at 22degrees proteins
C for 24hrs.d) only quanititative tests are
available
Decreased alpha-fetoprotein values are
down syndrome
associated with which condition?

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Chemistry Review 1-110
Which of the following proteins transports iron?
ceruloplasmin, hemopexin transferrin or transferrin
haptoglobin
In acute renal failure, which nonprotein nitrogen
Blood Urea Nitrogen(bun)
rises the fastest?
By the urease method, urea is enzymatically
ammonia
converted to which end product?
Why can untreated urine be usded for the
the method is not measuring
determination of urea by the diacetyl monoxime
ammonia
method?
An elevated creatinine value is most likely to be elevated blood urea nitrogen, 10x
accompanied by what values? creatinine value
What is the classical method for creatinine
Jaffe
reaction?
The measurement of creatinine is based on the
fomation of a yellow-red color and which alkaline picrate
reagent?
The creatinine clearance test is based on whcih
creatinine passes into the ultrafiltrate
assumption?
What is the most common clearance test used to
creatinine
measure the glomerular filtration rate?
Which disease state is associated with an
gout
elevation of serum uric acid?
Which reagent is employed in the alkaline
phosphotungstic acid
oxidation of uric acid?
What does the uricase method for uric acid ultraviolet absorption at 290nm
depend on? before/after treatment with uricase
Which one of the analytes is ued as a prognostic
ammonia
indicator for liver failure?
Which disaccharide is composed of two glucose
maltose
molecules?
What term is used to describe the process of
glycogenolysis
glycogen degradation?
What is the renal threshold for glucose? 140-160 mg/dL
Which hormone is produced by the beta cells o
insulin
fth islets of Langerhans?
Which one o fthe following hormones is
cortisol
considered a glucocorticoid?

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Chemistry Review 1-110
Which one of the following disease is associated
with hypoglycemia? Von Gierke's disease,
Von Gierke's disease
Hashimoto's disease,Cushing's disease or
Gilbert disease
What is the specimen of choice for glucose
fluorinated plasma
dterminations?
What is the most frequently employed automated coupled enzyme system consisting of
method for glucose? glucose oxidcase and peroxidase
Contamination of the glucose reagent with
catalase is a problem with which glucose glucose oxidase
method?
What is the hexokinase methodolgy for glucose
reduced coenzyme read at 340nm
dtermination based on?
What is the normal fasting blood lucose
70-120 mg/dL
reference range for adults?
What does the presence of urinary ketones The body is using cabohydrates as
MOST likely indidcate? the primarty energy source.
Which one of the following tests is used to
differentiate between inappropritate exogenous
C-peptide
insulin administration and endogendous insulin
production?
The "port wine" color of some urine can be
porphyrins
attributed to which of the following?
p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde is a constituent of
Ehrlich
which reagent?
Both pophobilinogen and urobilinogen from a red
colored compound with Ehrlich's reagent. How urobilinogen is soluble in chloroform
can they be differentiated?
Prehepatic bilirubin has whcih of the following for
albumin
a protien carrier?
Direct-reacting bilirubin is alo known as what
bilirubin diglucuronide
substance?
An increase in indirect-reacting bilirubin is
hemoglobin breakdown
suggestive of which condition?
Bilirubin is converted in the intestine to which of
urobilinogen
the following substances?
Which of the following will interfere with the
Evelyn Malloy method for bilirubin? hemolysis
hemolysis,mehtanol, caffeine or lipemia

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Chemistry Review 1-110
Which one o fthe following definitions best
Biological catalyst
descrbes an enzyme?
The electrophoretic property is differnt
Which of the following is true of an isoenzyme?
for each isoenzyme
Why is a metal ion somtimes necessary in an
acts as an activator of the enzyme
enzymatic reaction?
The Michaelis-Menten constant in the rate of
substrate concentrationand the rate of
conversion of substrate to product is determined
dissociation of the complex
by what factor?
In a zero-order reaction, there will be no further
increase in velocity due to which one of the all enzyme is bound to substrate
following?
What is the reporting unit of measure for
IU/L
enzymes?
Which enzyme catalyzes this reation? lactate +
lactate dehydrogenase
NAD -> pyruvate + NADH
Which of the following is true of the isoenzyme
LD1? It is heat-labile, slowest migrating, most It is present in the highest
positivly charged isoenzyme or is present in the concentration in heart tissue
highest concentration in heart tissue.
Which enzyme is most greatly affected by
lactate dehydrogenase
hemolysis?
An LD isoenzyme elecgtrophoretic pattern that
shows an increase in LD1, LD2 and LD3 is seen pernicious anemia
in which disease state?
Creatine kinase is clinically significant is disease
muscle
of which organ?
Creatine kinase is frequenly elevated in acute
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
myocardial infarction and which other disorder?
Which serum enzyme begins to rise 2-4 hours ,
has peak activity occurring 12-36 hrs and returns
creatine kinase
to normal 2-4 days after an acute myocardial
infarction?
Aspartate transaminase is elevated in all of the
following conditions EXCEPT which one?
acute pancreatitis
myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, acute
pancreatitis or liver disease.
Which enzyme is liver specific? aspartate
transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline alanine transaminase
phosphatase or lacate dehydrogenase

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Chemistry Review 1-110
Which enzyme is the most sensitive indicator of
alkaline phosphatase
obstructive jaundice?
A high alkaline phosphatase level in the
presence of other negative liver funcgtion test is
bone disorder
indicative of which disorder? bone disorder, viral
hepatitis, prostate cancer or ectopic pregnancy
What is the optimum pH for acid phosphatase? 5.0
What is the clinical significance of an elevaed
prostatic disease
acid phosphatase?
Which enzyme may be monitored in recovering
gamma-glutamyl transferase
alcoholics?
Which enzyme is characteristically elevated in
amylase
mumps?
Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of which
triglycerides
substrate?
What is the substrate for the Chery-Crandall
olive oil
lipase method?
In which disease state are the highest levels of
muscular dystrophy
aldolase seen?
Because ionized calcium can be changed
wigthout affecting the total calcium level, what
pH and protein
other parameter(s) must beknown to properly
evaluagte calcium?
All of the following regulate calcium levels
EXCEPT which one? Vit. D, calcitonin, aldosterone
aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone
Which of the following specimens is acceptalbe
for the determination of total calcium? EDTA,
heparinized plasma
Fluorinated plasma, oxalated plasma or
heparinized plasma.
In the complexometric titration (EDTA) method
for calcium, the pH must be adjusted to prevent interference by MAGNESIUM
what occurrence?
The classic Clarke-Collip method for calcium is Calcium will be precipitated as an
based on which assumption? oxalate
What is the purpose of lanthanum in the atomic
It will bind phosphate
absorption deterination of calcium?
At a pH of 7.4 most of the phosphorus in the
bone
body is in which form?

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Chemistry Review 1-110
Inorganic phosphate can be determined from a
Molybdate
colorimetric method involving which reagent?
What is the most abundant iron-containing
ferritin
compound in the body?
Why should serum iron be drawn at the same
to avoid diurnal variation
time on consecutive days?
Which protein trasports the majority of copper in
ceruloplasmin
the bloodstream?
Increased serum copper is seen in which
Wilson's disease
disease?
Which analyte is an early indicator of tissue
lactic acid
hypoxia?
What is the major extracellular cation? sodium
Which hormone acts on the distal convoluted
aldosterone
tubule to increase sodium reabsorption?
What is the most common method for measuring
ion-selective electrode
sodium?
Which is one of the following is the major
potassium
intracellular cation?
Valinomycin can enhance the selecgtivily of
potassium
which ISE electrode?
All of the following can cause low choloride levels
EXCEPT which one? diabetic acidosis,renal dehydration
failure, prolonged vomiting and dehydration
Sweat is an appropieate type of specimen for
chloride
which electrolyte?
In the coulometric-amperometric method for time needed to reach the titration end
chloride, how is the amout of chloride measured? point
In the classic Schales-Schales mercurimetric
titration) method for chloride, what substance excess Hg++
reacts with indicator to form a violet color?
Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is present
bicarbonate ion
in which form?