GPS World - January 2017

IS A 7-LETTER WORD
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Galileo!
Initial Services
Declared
WWW.GPSWORLD.COM
MULTIPATH
MITIGATION
BY CORRELATOR
BEAMFORMING
2017 GNSS
RECEIVER SURVEY +
NEW SATNAV SYSTEM,
STL NOT GNSS
INTEGRITY FOR
AUTOMATED VEHICLES
VO L . 2 8 N O. 1 G P SWO R LD.CO M
JANUARY 2017
COVER STORY
54 MULTIPATH MITIGATION
VIA CORRELATOR BEAMFORMING
by Sanjeev Gunawardena, John Raquet and Mark Carroll
A new solution for multipath
employs RF signal switching
and a single front end to reduce
complexity, power consumption
and cost. Correlator beamforming
runs in the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency
band. In heavy industrial
environments such as ports and
mines and in challenging indoor
applications, it has proven effective
at mitigating multipath.
SPECIAL 24-PAGE INSERT (FOLLOWING PAGE 18) LAUNCHPAD

S1 2017 RECEIVER SURVEY 17 OEM
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receiver manufacturing furnishes detailed design and performance 44 SURVEY & MAPPING
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sponsored by 45 TRANSPORTATION
OPINIONS AND DEPARTMENTS 70 REMOTE SENSING

NASAs Mini GNSS Satellites to Predict Weather
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46 OEM
48 SURVEY
50 MAPPING
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53 TRANSPORTATION
JANUARY 2017 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM GPS WORLD 3
|
ONLINENOW READER POLL NEWSLETTER EXCERPT
NOW THAT When Inertial Can Help
GALILEO IOC BY Tony Murfin
performance
IS DECLARED, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR, PROFESSIONAL OEM
of combined
WHICH
A
number of organizations GNSS/SPAN/
are focusing on how MEMS IMUs.
SECTOR WILL inertial can help GNSS The premise
receivers to provide more stable, of the work is that in land-vehicle
TAKE OFF reliable position outputs when applications, a land profile can
FASTEST? signals are hard to receive. Papers
presented in September at the
be applied that constrains velocity
based on a range of acceptable
ION GNSS+ 2016 conference in vehicle dynamics. This includes
Portland, Oregon, demonstrate applying limits to the cross track
Agriculture that there is indeed a lot of focused and vertical velocities of the vehicle.
effort in this area. In other inertial advancements,
Aviation
The conference showcased Qualcomm is moving forward with
s e ve r a l i nte g r ate d i ne r t i a l a low-cost visual inertial to advance
Location-Based Services GNSS solutions from a range of autonomous vehicle developments,
companies. and researchers in Germany from
Mapping & Surveying Nov Atel is d e vel opi ng a a university spin-off company are
novel way to make better use of studying a multi-sensor solution.
Maritime lower precision MEMS inertial
for certain land applications. Read the full column from the
Rail SPAN development efforts have Professional OEM newsletter at
been focused on improving the gpsworld.com/category/opinions/.
Road
Timing
HOTTEST PAGES @ GPSWORLD.COM
DECEMBER 3, 2016 JANUARY 2, 2017
NGS to replace NAVD 88 in 2022: What GNSS users

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 1 need to know (Survey Scene newsletter)
INSIGHTS
2 Galileo declares Initial Services ENEWS

JANUARY POLL
WEIGH IN TODAY 3
GSA: 40 percent of GNSS receivers
ENEWS
are Galileo-ready
WHAT IS THE MOST 4 Directions 2017: GPS navigates the future FROM THE
MAGAZINE
IMPORTANT FACTOR When inertial can help with GNSS solutions
TO CONSIDER IN 5 (see excerpt above)
INSIGHTS
SELECTING A GNSS
VENDOR? 6 2 Galileo satellites join constellation ENEWS
NASA launches micro satellites with GNSS

7 receivers for remote weather sensing
ENEWS
GO TO GPSWORLD.COM/JANPOLL.
Innovation: Precise positioning using raw GPS FROM THE
8 measurements from Android smartphones MAGAZINE
Answer by January 20. Orolia fortifies resilient PNT with Satelles satellite
See results in the February issue. 9 time and location signal
ENEWS
All poll takers entered in drawing
FROM THE
for a $50 gift card. 10 2016 Leadership Awards: A GNSS dream realized MAGAZINE
4 GPS WORLD WWW.GPSWORLD.COM JANUARY 2017
|
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OUT IN FRONT
All the News That Fits EDITORIAL
WWW.GPSWORLD.COM
Editor-in-Chief & Group Publisher Alan Cameron

editor@gpsworld.com | 541-984-5312
W
Managing Editor Tracy Cozzens
e have a finite number of combine it with inertial. A true PNT tcozzens@northcoastmedia.net | 541-255-3334
pages to bring you each powerhouse. Senior Digital Editor Joelle Harms
month, one might say a I havent even gotten to this months jharms@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3780
Digital Editor Allison Barwacz
tightly controlled number. That number cover story yet: a technical advance abarwacz@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3796
has never easily accommodated the in multipath mitigation that has Art Director Charles Park
quantity of fresh, relevant GNSS and the potential to amp the power, so CONTRIBUTING EDITORS
PNT news and technical material that to speak, of GNSS receivers in many Innovation Richard Langley | lang@unb.ca
emerges each month. The pace of your applications. Correlator beamforming Defense PNT Don Jewell | djewell@gpsworld.com
developments is too fast up with which is an intriguing new development. European GNSS Tim Reynolds | treynolds@gpsworld.com
Professional OEM Tony Murfin
to keep! Scientists at the Air Force Institute of
Geospatial Eric Gakstatter | egakstatter@gpsworld.com
This month, a case in point. Most Technology put it through its paces, GeoIntelligence Art Kalinski | akalinski@gpsworld.com
importantly, driving the whole issue and report good results. Survey Tim Burch and Dave Zilkoski
is the latest, greatest version of that At the risk of giving short shrift to Wireless LBS Insider Janice Partyka | jpartyka@gpsworld.com
long-running industry resource and any of these essential stories, not to BUSINESS
guide, the GNSS Receiver Survey: mention the multiple new products, INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNT MANAGER Michelle Mitchell
mmitchell@northcoastmedia.net | 216-363-7922
24 data-packed pages of it! partnerships, application advances DIGITAL OPERATIONS MANAGER Bethany Chambers
There is a major GNSS milestone and technology updates that appear in bchambers@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3771
to report, one which I have personally smaller bites, we have opted not to omit WEB DEVELOPER Jesse Malcmacher
jmalcmacher@northcoastmedia.net | 216-363-7925
awaited since the year 2000 and I any, but to cram them all into the one MARKETING MANAGER Scott Gebler
know many others have also. When I knowledge-laden issue that you hold sgebler@northcoastmedia.net | 216-363-7932
signed on at this publication, my first in your hands. PUBLISHING SERVICES
assignment was getting its little sister Manager, Production Services Chris Anderson
canderson@northcoastmedia.net | 216-978-5341
magazine out the door: the summer Senior Audience Development Manager Antoinette Sanchez-Perkins
2000 issue of Galileos World. For four asanchez-perkins@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3750
years we published that optimistic Reprints & Permissions Brett Petillo
bpetillo@wrightsmedia.com | 877-652-5295
quarterly. There was plenty of content Circulation/Subscriber Services
for it, but the constellation itself, and gpsworld@omeda.com | USA: 847-513-6030
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1360 East 9th St, Suite 1070
in developing. No longer. With the Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
Declaration of Initial Services, reported We may not be the New York Times, President & CEO Kevin Stoltman
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Galileo is truly and fully open for publications mission, reproduced here. Vice President of Finance & Operations Steve Galperin
sgalperin@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3705
business. But we have our own All the News Editorial Directors
This month, we also report a That Fits! Marisa Palmieri | mpalmieri@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3764
Marty Whitford | mwhitford@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3766
momentous satnav development
VP Graphic Design & Production
that is not GNSS in the traditional LETTER TO THE EDITOR. My November Pete Seltzer | pseltzer@northcoastmedia.net | 216-706-3737
sense, but does come from a globally column began with Jimi Hendrix,
orbiting constellation. Adding signals drifted into GPS jamming, touched MANUSCRIPTS: GPS World welcomes unsolicited articles but cannot be held responsible
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for significant positioning benefits, Brian in Oklahoma sent me a four- Published monthly
especially once you many innovators word email in response. The end of
out there get your hands on it and time, he wrote.
|
record replay simulate
The most powerful LabSat yet, the new

LabSat 3 WIDEBAND captures and replays
more GNSS signals at a much higher resolution
than before.
Small, battery powered and with a removable solid state disk,

LabSat 3 WIDEBAND allows you to quickly gather detailed,
real world satellite data and replay these signals on your bench.
With three channels, a bandwidth of up to 56MHz and 6 bit

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combination of constellation and signal that exists today, with
plenty of spare capacity for future planned signals.
LabSat 3 WIDEBAND can record and replay the following

signals:
GPS: L1 / L2 / L5
GLONASS: L1 / L2 / L3
BeiDou: B1 / B2 / B3
QZSS: L1 / L2 / L5
Galileo: E1 / E1a / E5a / E5b / E6
SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS , GAGAN, MSAS, SDCM
IRNSS www.labsat.co.uk
TAKING POSITION
Kamikaze Satellites vs. GPS

the general public with an understanding
of the critical nature of GPS, ranging
from mundane activities such as daily
commutes and withdrawing money
from a bank, to the reliance on GPS
for soldiers and intelligence agencies
BY Tracy Cozzens defending the U.S.
MANAGING EDITOR The documentary explores the belief
by many in the military and civilian
A
spaceborne laser zaps a GPS experts that war in space is inevitable,
satellite, disabling it. with particular attention to methods Force Space Command. (Gen. Hyten
A kamikaze satellite hits China and Russia might use to interfere is now commander of U.S. Strategic
and destroys other nations critical with or disable GPS. Command).
satellites. CNN goes inside Lockheed Martins Also interviewed are Adm. Cecil
Another satellite moves beside an facility, where it is building the next- Haney (Ret.), former commander of
Intelsat bird and listens in. generation GPS III satellite, as well as U.S. Strategic Command; Lt. Gen.
A new CNN special considers all of U.S. Space Command at Peterson Air David Buck, commander of the Joint
these possibilities in an exploration of Force Base, and visits the 2SOPS team Functional Component Command
an arms race in space, showcasing the at Schriever Air Force Base. for Space; and Defensive Duty Officer
devastation that would be caused by CNN national security correspondent 1st Lt. Andrew Engle, a newly created
space warfare and how the U.S. military Jim Sciutto interviews the chain of position to monitor threats in space.
is preparing. command for space warfare, including If you havent seen this documentary,
War in Space: The Next Battlefield Gen. William L. Shelton and Gen. John you can still watch it through on demand
premiered Nov. 29 on CNN. It provides Hyten, both former commanders of Air on cable and via the CNNgo app.
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q: Why do we need to take integrity seriously in the vehicle environment?
CHRIS RIZOS ROD BRYANT SAM PULLEN
PROFESSOR, GEODESY SENIOR DIREC TOR, SENIOR RESEARCH
A N D N AV I G AT I O N , T E C H N O L O G Y, ENGINEER,
UNIVERSITY OF NEW POSITIONING, STANFORD UNIVERSITY
SOUTH WALES U-BLOX C O N S U LTA N T,
SAM PULLEN CONSULTING
A: Since the 1980s, surveyors and

geodesists have used GPS for
high-accuracy positioning. We take
A: In autonomous vehicles, a GNSS/
inertial module will be just one of
several sensors used for location. The risk
A: Advanced sensor fusion
techniques now make it
possible to achieve very accurate
for granted centimeter- and even of contributing to accidents and serious PVT results by combining multiple
millimeter-level accuracy positioning injury will be decomposed and allocated dissimilar sensors. Once we
capability that is faster, more reliable, between subsystems by the OEM or rely on these capabilities for
at a lower cost and with fewer system designer. Taking aviation as a autonomous driving, the primary
constraints than ever before. However, model, the allocation to GNSS may be in threat to safety will come from
the demand for trustworthy the form of an alarm limit of a few meters confluences of rare events that
positioning dismisses such with integrity risk less than 10-6/hour. were not observed or foreseen
achievements, and the mantra is more However, multipath and obstructed sky during system development. Design
availability and greater integrity to make automotive risk far more difficult for integrity focuses attention on
support highly automated driving. Our than aviation. Carrier-phase techniques the identification and mitigation of
positioning and navigation community will come into play and new approaches to potentially hazardous anomalies
must rise to this challenge. protection limit estimation will be needed. before they happen, not afterward.
|
SYSTEM
Policy and System
Developments
GPS Galileo GLONASS BeiDou
OF SYSTEMS
Galileo Declares:
Open for Business!
A
t a Dec. 15 ceremony in
Brussels titled Galileo
Goes Live, two high
officials of the European
Commission issued the Galileo Initial
Services Declaration.
The de cl arat i on me ans t hat
the Galileo satellites and ground
infrastructure are now operationally
ready. These signals will be highly
accurate but not available all the
time, since the constellation is not
yet complete and users cannot always
count on four satellites being visible
at one time at all points on the Earth.
Simultaneously, the European GNSS
Agency (GSA) awarded the Galileo
Service Operator (GSOp) contract,
with a value of up to 1.5 billion euros, Galileo Goes Live! ceremony in Brussels: European Commission Vice-President Maro
to Spaceopal, a joint venture between efovi, responsible for the Energy Union, and Commissioner Elbieta Biekowska, responsible
Telespazio and the German Space for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, count down to hit the Go button.
Agency (DLR).
The Galileo constellation currently During the initial phase, the Paul Verhoef, the European Space
consists of 18 satellites in orbit. first Galileo signals will be used in Agencys (ESAs) director of the
However, two of these are in an orbit combination with other satellite Galileo Programme and Navigation-
not totally useful for positioning and navigation systems, like GPS. In related Activities, stated, Todays
navigation. Four more, launched in coming years, new satellites will be announcement marks the transition
November, may or may not have launched to enlarge the constellation, from a test system to one that is
completed their on-orbit testing (a gradually improving Galileo availability operational. Still, much work remains
series of notice advisory to Galileo worldwide. The constellation is to be done. The entire constellation
users or NAGUs has appeared relating expected to be complete by 2020 when needs to be deployed, the ground
to the flag status of each satellite; see Galileo will reach full operational infrastructure needs to be completed,
details at the end of this story) but capacity (FOC) of 30 satellites: 24 and the overall system needs to be
have not yet been integrated to the satellites plus six orbital spares, tested and verified.
operational constellation. This is intended to prevent any interruption In addition, together with the
expected to take place in spring 2017. in service. commission we have started work on
10 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM JANUARY 2017
|
SYSTEM
OF
SYSTEMS
the second generation, and this is likely to building a strong partnership with performance;
to be a long but rewarding adventure. Spaceopal as Galileo moves towards Support for the completion of the
Galileo Initial Services are managed full operational capability under the Galileo infrastructure and associated
by the GSA. The overall Galileo responsibility of the GSA from January launches.
programme is run by the European 2017, said GSA Executive Director Spaceopal has ser ved as the
Commission, which has handed over Carlo des Dorides. contractor for Galileo operations
responsibility for the deployment of Under GSA management, the since 2010 under the Galileo Full
the system and technical support to contract awarded to Spaceopal Op erational C apability (FO C)
operational tasks to the ESA. specifically includes: Operations Framework Contract.
Operator Contract. The GSOp contract Secure operations of Galileo from Products and Services. The first
runs for 10 years and covers operation two mission control centres (GCC), Galileo smartphone by Spanish
and maintenance of the Galileo satellite located in Germany and Italy, and company BQ is now available on the
system and its committed performance the European GNSS Service Centre market, and other manufacturers are
level: in particular, the operations and (GSC) for user support services in expected to follow suit. Application
control of the system, the logistics Spain; developers can now test their ideas on
and maintenance of the systems, Management of the Galileo Data the basis of a real signal.
and infrastructure as well as the user Distribution Network (GDDN); With the declaration, Galileo will
support services. Integrated logistics support and start to deliver, in conjunction with
With its emphasis on service maintenance for the entire space GPS, the following three types of
performance, this contract will shape and ground infrastructure; services free of charge. Their availability
the future of Galileo. We look forward Monitoring of the system See next page. >>
JANUARY 2017 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM G P S W O R L D 11
|
SYSTEM
OF
SYSTEMS
Ground Control Upgrade for GPS III Approved

he U.S. Air Force approved 31 GPS IIR, IIR-M and IIF satellites in systems ability to protect data and
T Lockheed Martins design

to upgrade the current
GPS satellite ground
control system with new
capabilities that will enable it to
operate more powerful and accurate
GPS III satellites.
orbit today.
The COps modifications will
allow the AEP to support the more
powerful, next-generation GPS
Block III satellites, enabling them to
perform their positioning, navigation
and timing mission, once they are
infrastructure from internal and
external cyber threats, as well as
improve its overall sustainability
and operability. CUP2 is now fully
operational and managing the current
GPS constellation.
Lockheed Martin also is under
The successful Critical Design launched. COps is envisioned as a contract to develop and build the
Review (CDR) for the Contingency temporary gap filler prior to the entire Air Forces first 10 GPS III satellites,
Operations (COps) contract, GPS constellations transition to which will deliver three times better
completed on Nov. 17, gives Lockheed operations onto the next generation accuracy, provide up to eight times
Martin a green light to proceed with Operational Control System (OCX) improved anti-jamming capabilities,
software development and systems Block 1, currently in development. and extend spacecraft life to 15 years,
engineering to modify the existing On Oct. 15, under a separate 25 percent longer than the newest
GPS ground control system, called contract, Lockheed Martin completed GPS satellites on-orbit today.
the Architecture Evolution Plan (AEP) the Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) GPS IIIs new L1C civil signal will
Operational Control Segment. Upgrade #2 (CUP2) project part make it the first GPS satellite to be
The AEP is currently maintained of a multi-year plan to refresh the interoperable with other international
by Lockheed Martin and controls the AEPs technology and enhance the global navigation satellite systems.
GALILEO
<< Continued from page 11.
will improve as more satellites are Geo-localisation is at the heart of the
launched. ongoing digital revolution with new services
The Open Service is a free mass-
market service for users with enabled that transform our daily lives. Galileo will
chipsets in, for instance, smartphones increase geo-location precision tenfold and
and car navigation systems. Fully enable the next generation of location-based
interoperable with GPS, combined technologies; such as autonomous cars,
coverage will deliver more accurate and
reliable positioning for users. connected devices or smart city services.
Public Regulated Service is an EC VP Maro efovi
e n c r y pte d, robu st s e r v i c e for
government-authorized users such will be reduced from up to three hours notifies users that a satellite is set
as civil protection, fire brigades and to just 10 minutes, with its location healthy for the first time. 0104 had a
the police. determined to within 5 kilometers, power problem and is operating on
Search and Rescue Service is Europes rather than the previous 10 kilometers. E1 only. 0201 and 0202 were launched
contribution to the long-running Advisory Updates. USABINIT into lower orbits.
CospasSarsat international emergency NAGUs were issued for 11 satellites: 0207 and 02120214 are still
beacon location. The time between 0101, 0102, 0103, 0203, 0204, 0205, undergoing commissioning and
someone locating a distress beacon 0206, 0208, 0209, 0210 and 0211. drifting to their designated orbital
when lost at sea or in the wilderness USABINIT, or Initially Usable, slots.
|
SYSTEM
OF
SYSTEMS
GPS Funded at $847 Million for FY 2017

O
n Dec. 23, 2016, President which comes with certification and $278 million for development of new
Obama signed the National congressional briefing requirements. military GPS user equipment.
Defense Authorization Act The amount includes funding for the Besides the NDAA, other areas
(NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2017. The act GPS Enterprise Integrator. that include funding for GPS and
includes policy and funding guidance The GPS Enterprise Integrator related programs are Transportation
for the GPS program of $847.362 project includes efforts necessary to (including WAAS), to support
million. This total excludes $13.171 accomplish the critical integrating designated civil elements of the Air
million requested for the GPS IIF function with the entire GPS user Force GPS program, along with
program, which requires FY 2017 community. The Enterprise Integrator civil GPS augmentations and related
funding for on-orbit support and maintains the GPS architecture activities.
contract closeout. and system definition, controls The Department of Transportation
Procurement of GPS III satellites and validates interfaces, ensures this year requested civil funding
is budgeted at $34 million, compatibility of Generation II and III for GPS through the Office of the
development of GPS III satellites is systems, and develops and manages Secretary instead of through the FAA.
at almost $142 million and the next- plans for execution and fielding of Also, the request does not include
generation ground control system the GPS enterprise. funds for the Nationwide Differential
(OCX) is budgeted at $393 million, The final defense budget item is GPS (NDGPS) program in FY 2017.
Inertial Ranging & eLoran Wi-Fi Bluetooth
SATELLITE TIME & LOCATION
Iridium satellite.
(Image: Iridium)
Iridium Constellation Provides

Low-Earth Orbit SatNav Service
A
strategic alliance announced on Dec. 15 constellation, STL signals are up to 1,000 times stronger
between Orolia and Satelles includes product than GPS/GNSS; this signal strength, due in part to the
development and go-to-market activities of constellations closer proximity to users, helps to prevent
positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) jamming and enables signal reach into buildings and other
solutions provided by the Iridium satellite difficult locations. STLs additional cryptographic security
constellation, independent of GPS/GNSS signals. The also ensures performance, productivity and security.
companies intend to provide PNT solutions to military, For further background on Iridium, see GPS Worlds June
defense, government and commercial customers worldwide. 2016 Defense PNT column at gpsworld.com/junedefense,
Orolia, the parent of GNSS-active companies Spectracom Iridium and GPS revisited: A new PNT solution on the
and Spectratime among others, has formed a strategic horizon?
alliance, including an equity investment with Satelles Inc. Projected applications and use cases include energy/
to develop, market and sell PNT solutions based on Satelles utility grids, enterprise data networks including financial
satellite time and location (STL) signal technology. systems, maritime/aviation navigation, fleet/asset tracking
STL is a unique space-based PNT technology that provides management, search and rescue, and data center management.
location and timing data independent from traditional GPS Many highly sensitive military, defense, government and
and other GNSS satellite signals. By using STL, Orolias commercial applications and operations require accurate
Spectracom and McMurdo solutions will, according to and reliable PNT data. Today, these applications rely on
the company, be less susceptible to vulnerabilities such as signals from GPS/GNSS satellites. There are instances,
spoofing, interference and jamming that are associated with however, where GPS/GNSS signal strength and security
GPS/GNSS. are not sufficient and prone to signal disruption. For these
Based on the low-Earth orbit (LEO) Iridium satellite cases, the companies jointly state, STL can be used as a secure
|
signal of opportunity to complement GPS/GNSS, making version of that paper, with key new material on current STL
the applications more accurate and secure, and less prone performance statistics, in an upcoming issue.
to interference and attack. Briefly, the paper concluded that Due to their proximity,
There is a growing need for precise and robust positioning, signals received from LEO are approximately 30 dB stronger
navigation and timing information especially in business- than the signals from MEO. Indeed, we show data collected
critical, high-risk and life-saving operations, said Jean-Yves inside an industrial-strength metal storage container. The
Courtois, Orolia CEO. By augmenting Orolias GPS/GNSS- power of a LEO signal received inside the container is
based solutions with Satelles STL technology, we will have approximately equal to the power of a GPS signal received
the industrys first essentially fail-safe, resilient PNT solution. under the open sky. On the other hand, LEO proximity also
This breakthrough offering will be ideal for mission-critical dictates that only a few Iridium satellites are in view of the
applications in which the smallest discrepancy in PNT data ground-based user. We show typical examples where six to
accuracy, availability and stability can produce a network 11 GPS satellites are joined by one or two LEO satellites.
outage, a system crash or a loss of life. The authors then examine the effect of the swift mean
Signal Strength, Availability. The technical advantages motion of LEO satellites, analyzing the ability to whiten
provided by adding ranging satellites in low-Earth orbit multipath based on the rapid motion of the line-of-sight
(LEO) to the GNSS satellites in medium-Earth orbit (MEO) vectors from the user to the LEO satellites. In sharp contrast
were explored in a 2012 Institute of Navigation paper to MEO, the LEO satellites attenuate errors due to multipath
by Per Enge, Bert Ferrell, David Whelan, Greg Gutt and solely based on satellite motion, and do not require user
David Lawrence. GPS World plans to publish an updated Continued on page 16. >>
Performance in real-time
|
Continued from previous page. >> accuracy is lower than what GPS users are accustomed to.
motion. They also analyze Doppler-based positioningvusing It is an augmentation for timing primarily, and secondarily
the rapid mean motion of the LEO satellites. The Doppler for positioning, Courtois continued.
shift projects onto the line-of-sight vectors from the user to In terms of timing accuracy, it provides on the order of
the LEO satellites. Over 100 or 200 seconds, this projection tenths of microseconds in accuracy, and this covers a lot
is a sharp function of the user location, and this connection of timing applications. This is an ideal timing backup or
enables Doppler-based positioning similar to the Transit augmentation of GPS. In positioning its closer to 50 meters
satellite system. The authors analysis shows that position or more, much better for fixed objects than for mobile objects.
accuracies of 5 meters can be based on noncoherent code The faster the vehicle, the lower the positioning accuracy.
tracking of the LEO plus GPS signals. Its not directly usable for GPS applications that require a
This paper also discusses the broadcast of UTC time to few meters accuracy, but it can be associated with inertial
sites with known locations, describing experimental results navigation for much better results.
with absolute time accuracies of one microsecond. The The STL signal penetrates buildings well, it has unique
broadcast of high-accuracy frequency from LEO would features, and it performs at a high level. The signal is
enable a high-accuracy hot clock to replace the relatively encrypted, so you have to subscribe to a service to receive a
low-quality oscillator in GNSS receivers, allowing longer key, allowing access to the signal. Applications are developing
coherent and non-coherent averaging times and improving based on equipment that will be STL-enabled. For the user
the sensitivity of GNSS receivers by several decibels. Many it will be transparent. The user will have a different antenna.
other navigation applications would benefit from one LEO We are also active in tracking and emergency location
satellite in view, the authors assert. devices, where this is also of interest. It has some authentication
Market View from Operators CEO. We are a manufacturer capability, to guarantee that the person who accesses the
and integrator of timing equipment, Orolia CEO Jean-Yves signal is in the location that he pretends to be.
Courtois told GPS World. Orolia is the parent company For customers to be able to use this service, there is some
of GPS/GNSS product and service providers Spectracom, integration work to be done, some dedicated STL receivers
McMurdo and Spectratime. This new STL service is not to integrate into our current hardware set up, and software
fully commercialized yet, but its operational and it can be modifications. We are ready to work with government and
tested. Receivers are available and can be integrated into defense organizations and other new clients. Our basic
our equipment. interest is to add some robustness to our equipment for
The timing signal is very accurate and close enough to our current customers, and then of course to develop new
GPS for most timing applications, although the positioning customers worldwide.
SENSOR FUSION
Grab ItnGo Drive-By Shopping

F
our years ago, retail giant Amazon, a leader in the works, but earlier patent filings give some description of the
elimination of human interaction, started to explore confluence of sensor data.
what shopping would look like if you could walk into In some implementations, data from other input devices
a store, grab what you want, and leave. In early December, the may be used to assist in determining the identity of items
company rolled out its new vision: Amazon Go. picked and/or placed in inventory locations. For example, if it
Currently in private beta testing in Seattle and scheduled is determined that an item is placed into an inventory location,
to open to the public in early 2017, the system employs a in addition to image analysis, a weight of the item may be
fusion of sensor technologies including RFID to detect when determined based on data received from a scale, pressure
a shopper takes an item from the shelf, sync the data to the sensor, load cell, etc., located at the inventory location. ... By
shoppers handheld device, sense when the shopper leaves combining multiple inputs, a higher confidence score can be
the store area, then charge all collected items to the shoppers generated increasing the probability that the identified item
Amazon account. No muss, no fuss. matches the item actually picked from the inventory location
The company is keeping a tight lid on exactly how its system and/or placed at the inventory location.
|
OEM | LAUNCHPAD
1
5
4
3
1. REFERENCE TIME CLOCK grade, reaching IP67 once installed on a 4. PTP GRANDMASTER
PROTECTS AGAINST VULNERABILITIES mating surface. The antenna is designed BUILT-IN GNSS RECEIVER AND CLOCK
for applications requiring minimal
The TimeSource Enhanced primary integration effort or for retrofitting The OSA 5420 series is a family of cost-
reference time clock (TimeSource existing products. effective, mid-scale synchronization
Enhanced PRTC) is a new system to Harxon, www.harxon.com distribution and assurance devices.
protect against serious threats associated Following a toolbox approach, the OSA
with GNSS vulnerabilities. It also enables 3. GOLF ASSISTANCE 5420 series can be used in a variety of
telecommunications and mobile operators RANGEFINDER WEARABLES network synchronization applications,
to meet the G.8272.1 recommendation USE U-BLOX INSIDE including IEEE 1588v2 grandmaster,
from the International Telecommunication boundary clock, slave clock and assisted
Union. The TimeSource Enhanced PRTC U-blox components are at the core of partial timing support (APTS). The built-in
generates time by producing its own two new GNSS golf products. The golf GNSS receiver and primary reference time
independent time scale aligned with GNSS, rangefinder wearables were launched by clock (PRTC) capability, together with the
while its phase, time and frequency signal Voice Caddie, an international brand of redundant power supply option, provide
outputs remain autonomous, providing a rangefinders and trackers based in South reliable synchronization delivery.
secure infrastructure, reducing dependency Korea. The T3 Hybrid Golf GPS Watch Oscilloquartz, www.oscilloquartz.com
on GNSS and enabling network operators uses the compact u-blox UBX-G7020-KT
to retake control of the timing source used professional-grade GNSS chip, which links 5. NAVWAR SIMULATION
for network synchronization. with GPS/QZSS or GLONASS satellite WITH GPS DIRECTORATE SECURITY
Microsemi, www.microsemi.com systems. The B1 GPS Band uses the u-blox APPROVAL TO PROCESS Y-CODE
UBX-M8030-KT professional-grade
2. HELICAL GNSS ANTENNA GNSS chip, which provides navigation BroadSim is a software-defined GNSS
WATERPROOF sensitivity and low current consumption. It simulator that enables users to model true
is compatible with GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and spoofed signals, with navigation warfare
Harxons next-generation triple-frequency and BeiDou satellite systems. The u-blox (NAVWAR) testing in mind. BroadSim
Helix Antenna, HX-CH7603A, has GNSS technology enables the T3 Watch supports high dynamics, advanced
excellent performance and high efficiency and the B1 Band to automatically detect jamming, spoofing and encrypted military
in a compact form factor. The new design golf courses and holes, and shows the codes. Powered by Skydels SDX 1000-Hz
is capable of GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/ wearer the driving distance and remaining software simulator engine, BroadSim can
L2 and BDS B1/B2/B3. Though compact, distance to the hole as well as the distance simulate multiple constellations including
it provides high peak gain (more than to the front, middle and back of the GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou. The
3.5dBi) and wide beam width to ensure green. The T3 Watch also measures short hardware includes a generator and controller
the signal receiving performance at distances. with two radios, an OctoClock-G with GPS-
low elevation angles. HX-CH7603A is Voice Caddie, www.voicecaddie.com; disciplined oscillator, four channels and a
equipped with an O-ring and gold-plated u-blox, www.u-blox.com UBX-160 RF daughterboard.
SMA (sub-miniature version A) connector Talen-X, talen-x.com;
that makes the antenna waterproof- Skydel, skydelsolutions.com
|
by
Register
017
Jan 15, 2
e
to receiv
e e ar ly rate!
th
Photo: iStockphoto
Now in its 25th year, the annual GPS World Receiver Survey provides the longest running, most
comprehensive database of GPS and GNSS equipment available in one place.
With information provided by 45 manufacturers on 468 receivers, the survey assembles data on
the most important equipment features. Manufacturers are listed alphabetically. Footnotes and
abbreviations (at right) supply additional information to guide you through the survey.
We have made every effort to present an accurate listing of receiver information, but GPS World
cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of information supplied by the companies or the
performance of any equipment listed. In some cases, data had to be abbreviated or truncated to fit the
space available. Contact the manufacturers directly with questions about specific units. To be listed in
the 2018 Receiver Survey, e-mail gpsworld@gpsworld.com.
NOTES ABBREVIATIONS
1 2 apps: applications
User environment and applications: Where three values appear, they
refer to autonomous (code), real-time ARINC: Aeronautical Radio, Inc.
A = aviation differential (code), and post-processed standard
C = recreational differential; where four values appear, async: asynchronous
D = defense they refer to autonomous (code), bps: bits per second
G = survey/GIS real-time differential (code), real- CP: carrier phase
H = handheld time kinematic, and post-processed CEP: circular error probable
L = land differential. diff: differential
M = marine ext.: external / int. = internal
Met = meteorology 3
Cold start: ephemeris, almanac, and m, min: minutes
N = navigation initial position and time not known. na or NA: not applicable
O = other nr: no response
P = other position reporting 4 opt.: optional
For a warm start, the receiver has a
R = real-time DGPS ref. par.: parallel
recent almanac, current time, and initial
S = space prog.: programmable
position, but no current ephemeris
T = timing ppm: parts per million
V = vehicle/vessel tracking 5 RMS: root mean square
Reacquisition time is based on the loss s: seconds
1 = end-user product of signal for at least one minute.
2 = board/chipset/module for SBAS: Satellite-Based
OEM apps Augmentation System
6
E = provision for an external antenna typ.: typical
R = antenna is removable VRS: Virtual reference station
WP: waterproof
WR: water resistant
JANUARY 2017 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM G P S W O R L D S1

RECEIVER SURVEY 2017
A WORD FROM OUR SPONSOR
Receiver Opportunities
and Challenges in 2017
BY Sara Masterson
T
echnology advances global, multi-constellation and
continuously, and todays fully redundant configuration
receiver requirements of the TerraStar network assures
Sara Masterson, New Business are not the same as robustness at every point of the
Development Manager. yesterdays. Many of correction generation process. This
those challenges remain (see Sidebar), provides application developers and
In past GNSS Receiver Surveys, we but here are further important system integrators with extremely
have covered a lot of material that considerations. high data reliability, making the
remains relevant and is available on TerraStar service a superior choice
our website. Heres a summary of CORRECTIONS AVAILABILITY for safety of life and other critical
those topics: GNSS users today are looking applications.
Absolute vs relative accuracy for better accuracy at a reduced Another unique factor regarding
Heading and orientation overall operating cost. Advances NovAtels correction service is
determination in GNSS correction services have the end-to-end nature of the
Interference robustness greatly improved the availability solution; from correction data
Antenna selection and performance of positioning generation t hroug h to GNSS
Ease of Integration solutions by providing globally receiver and antenna options. This
Velocity, time and orientation available corrections for any level ensures a seamless execution of a
Reliability and confidence level of accuracy. These correction complex integration between the
Region of operation: legal, trade services are typically delivered to correction service, GNSS boards and
issues the receiver either over L-band positioning algorithms to deliver
Configurable device vs. plug-and- or the Internet. The corrections the most accurate, reliable position.
play industry overall is constantly G o i n g f o r w a r d i nt o 2 0 1 7 ,
Chip, board or enclosed product evolving and improving the cor re c t ion s e r v ice prov id e rs
Application issues: performance, available correction service will continue to leverage the
size, weight, cost and power options by adding different opp or tunit ies made p ossible
consumption. service levels and extending the through the increasing availability
types of conditions under which of new GNSS signals from Galileo
the service can be delivered. and other new constellations.
Today, services are available Moving to multi-constellation GNSS
HELPFUL LINKS that increase the availability receivers and services will improve
Go to Tips for Choosing a GNSS and robustness of a solution for both the performance and reliability
Receiver at www.novatel.com/ customers operating at sub-meter, of your positioning solution. In
support/knowledge-and-learning/ decimeter or even centimeter todays exciting market, you have the
to learn more. level accuracy. flexibility to choose the right GNSS
NovAtel delivers highly accurate, supplier to meet the requirements
reliable Precise Point Positioning of any application.
(PPP) corrections to the GNSS
i n d u s t r y t h r o u g h Te r r a S t a r
correction services. The unique,
S2 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM JANUARY 2017

Signal Interference:
Detection and Mitigation
BY Patrick Casiano
I
n a perfect world, the signal from against frequency to show how much
a GNSS satellite arrives at the signal power is being sensed across
antenna with no loss of integrity different GNSS frequency bands.
Patrick Casiano, Applied Technology
for a perfect measurement. This Interfering signals can be easily Group Lead.
essential over the air connection identified. OEM7 receivers output
between satellite and antenna can a string of easy-to-plot numbers
degrade due to signal interference. for your own software interface, or
Legally operated radios and other NovAtels free Connect software tool
nearby electronics can interfere displays the spectral analysis output
unintentionally. As the number of on a PC in real-time.
GNSS signals being tracked increases, Users can deploy the OEM7s
so does the potential for interference onboard signal processing and digital
to dismiss the performance gains of filtering to mitigate interference,
using those additional signals. allowing the GNSS signals to be
To maximize performance and tracked with both the receiver and
efficiency, prepared PNT users need the PNT user to continue to operate
their equipment to be able to detect normally through an interference
when interference is present and event.
mitigate it.
NOVATEL INTERFERENCE TOOLKIT

To combat interference, NovAtel
has developed the Interference
Toolkit. The OEM7 receiver will
measure the RF spectrum levels and
allow the user to apply mitigation
tools to protect and preserve the
GNSS measurement quality. This
maintains high-quality multi-
frequency multi-constellation
positioning performance even in
challenging RF environments. The
tool kit makes itself an essential
part of the integration journey
Use the built-in spectral
especially during prototyping and
analysis tool in every
unforeseen interference events in
OEM7 receiver to see
fielded integrated products.
interference and employ
The built-in spectrum analysis
mitigation techniques.
tool outputs data just like a spectrum
analyzer. Signal level is plotted

Manufacturer Model Channels / tracking mode Signal tracked Maximum number of User environment and Size (W x H x D) Weight Position: autonomous (code) / Time (nanosec) Position ix update
satellites tracked application1 real-time differential (code) / real-time rate (sec)
kinematic / post-processed2
Baseband Technologies, Inc. Snapshot Receiver user define GPS L1 C/A code user define ACDHLMNOPV12 na na ~5m na varies
www.basebandtech.com
Arduino compatible RF user define GPS L1 C/A code user define ACDHLMNOPV12 na <10g ~5m na varies
Shield (Eval) Kit
28 Day Extended user define GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS & BEIDOU user define ACDHLMNOPRSTV12 na na Day 1: 3m, Day 7: 7, Day 14: 17m, Day 4: na na
Ephemeris client (TBD) 65m (68% SISRE)
Brandywine Communications NFS-220 par 16 Channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 16 T 19 x 1.75 x 11lb typical 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude 100ns. Absolute na
www.brandywinecomm.com 7.5in (1U) UTC, Std
Deviation 15ns
(OCXO)
NFS-220 Plus par 16 Channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 16 T 19 x 1.75 x 9in (1U) 11lb typical 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude 100ns. Absolute na
UTC, Std
Deviation 15ns
(OCXO)
RTG-510 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T 19 x 1.75 x 5lb nominal 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
7.5in (1U)
FRU-SAASM par 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz, GPS L2 12 T 19 x 1.75 x 16m SEP 1 x 10-12 na
1227.60 MHz, P(Y) 1.023 MHz 14in (1U)
PTS par 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz, GPS L2 12 T 9.5 x 3.47 x 5.5lb typical 16m SEP 1 x 10-12 na
1227.60 MHz, P(Y) 1.023 MHz 15.80in (2U)
Modular Master Clock 14 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 14 T 20 x 19 x 3.47in 25lb nominal 16m SEP 15ns (1) na
(2U)
PTP80 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T 19 x 1.75 x 9in (1U) 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
PTP-8080 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T 19 x 1.75 x 9in (1U) 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
M210 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T 19 x 1.75 x 9in (1U) 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
M211 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T 19 x 3.47 x 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
20in (2U)
PCIe-1588 12 channel GPS L1 1575.42 MHz, C/A 1.023 MHz 12 T Low Profile PCIe x 2.4m horizontal, 5m altitude <30ns with GPS na
1 Rev 1.1
CHC i80 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L2E, L5; GLONASS 44 GLMNVPR1 12.4() x 14cm 1.22kg 1-5m / 0.25m +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 5Hz RTK
www.chcnav.com L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3; SBAS; Galileo E1, 3mm +0.5ppm
E5A, E5B ; BeiDou B1, B2
X91 +GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L2E, L5; GLONASS 44 GLMNVPR1 18() x 8cm 1.35kg 1-5m / 0.25m +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 5Hz RTK
L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3; SBAS; Galileo E1 3mm +0.5ppm
E5A, E5B; Beidou B1, B2
X900 +GNSS Receiver 120 GPS L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS L1, L2; Flexible Configuration: GLMNVPR1 19 x 20 x 8.4cm 1.4kg 2-3m / 0.25m +1ppm / 10mm +1ppm / 20 5Hz RTK
SBAS; Gallileo E1, E5A, E5B, Alt-BOC; 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 5mm +1ppm
BeiDou B1, B2,
P3E 220 GPS: L1C/A, L2E, L2C, L5; GLONASS: 44 GLMNVPR1 17.55 x 15.6 x 6.38 2kg 1-5m / 0.25m +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 5Hz RTK
L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3; BDS: B1, B2; 3mm +0.5ppm
SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS; Galileo: L1
BOC, E5A, E5B, E5Alt8OC; QZSS: L1C/A,
L1SAIF, L2C, L5
N72 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1C/A, L2C, L2E, L5; GLONASS L1C/A, 44 GLMNVPR1 26.5 x 14.3 x 2.1kg 1-5m / 0.25m +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 Up to 50Hz
L1P, L2C/A, L2P; SBAS; Galileo E1, E5A, E5B; 6.8cm 2.5mm +0.5ppm
BeiDou B1, B2
X20i RTK 220 GPS L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L2E, L5; GLONASS 44 GLMNVPR1 18() x 8cm 1.35kg 1-5m / 0.25m +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 5Hz RTK
L1C/A, L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3; SBAS; Galileo E1 3mm +0.5ppm
E5A, E5B; Beidou B1, B2
X20i DGNSS 372 GPS L1; GLONASS L1; BeiDou B1; SBAS All in view(GPS / GLMNVPR1 17.5() x 6.55cm 0.7kg 2.5m / 0.3m +2ppm / na / 5mm +1ppm 20 1Hz
GLONASS / SBAS)
LT500H GNSS Handheld 120 GPS L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS L1, L2; BeiDou Flexible Configuration: GLN1 23.6 x 9.7 x 7.7cm 0.89kg 1.2m / 0.5m / 1cm +1ppm / 1cm +1ppm na 1Hz
B1; Galileo E1; SBAS; QZSS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2
LT500T GNSS Handheld 220 GPS L1C/A; GLONASS L1C/A; BeiDou B1; 44 GLN1 23.6 x 9.7 x 7.7cm 0.89kg 2m / 0.5m / na / 1cm +1ppm na 1Hz
Galileo E1; SBAS; QZSS
LT40 72 GPS L1C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou B1I; GPS +GLONASS or GLN1 16.5 x 8.6 x 1.9cm 0.26kg 2-5m / 2 / na / na na 1Hz
SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GPS +BDS, SBAS
GAGAN
LT600 72 GPS L1C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou B1I; GPS +GLONASS +BDS GLN1 2.35 x 13.8 x 3cm 0.66 2-5m / 2 / na / na na 1Hz
SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, Supported
GAGAN
ComNav Technology Ltd. K708 496 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P, L5. BeiDou: B1, All in view ADGLMetMNOPRTV2 60 100 9mm 45g 1.5m / 0.4m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm +1ppm 20ns 50 Hz PVT 100Hz
www.comnavtech.com B2, B3 .GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
Galileo(Reserved) QZSS(Reserved); SBAS:
WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
K728 404 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P. BeiDou: B1, B2.. 60 ADGLMetMNOPRTV2 60 100 9mm 45g 1.5m / 0.4m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm +1ppm 20ns 20 Hz PVT 100Hz
GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. (All values in Horiz, RMS); Heading: Raw data
Galileo(Reserved), QZSS(Reserved); SBAS: (0.2 / R)
K706 388 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P. BeiDou: B1, 60 ADGHLMetMNOPRTV2 45.7 71.1 26.6g 1.5m / 0.4m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm +1ppm 20ns 50Hz PVT 100Hz
B2. GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. 10.6mm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
Galileo(Reserved), QZSS(Reserved); SBAS:
K700 200 GPS: L1 GLONASS: L1 BeiDou: B1 SBAS: 40 ADGHLMetMNOPRTV2 40.7 71.1 18g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 50Hz PVT 100Hz
WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 10.6mm +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
K508 198 GPS: L1 C/A code, L1 / L2 P code, L5 BeiDou: 60 ADGLMetMNOPRTV2 60 100 9mm 42g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT 20Hz
B1, B2, B3 GLONASS: L1, L2 SBAS: WAAS, +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
K528G 198 GPS: L1 C/A code, L1 / L2 P code Glonass: L1, 60 ADGLMetMNOPRTV2 60 100 46g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT & Heading
L2 SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 10.2mm +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) 20Hz Raw data
K528 198 GPS: L1 C/A code, L1 / L2 P code BeiDou: B1, 60 ADGLMetMNOPRTV2 60 100 46g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT & Heading
B2 SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 10.2mm +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) 20Hz Raw data
K501G 120 GPS: L1 C/A code, L1 / L2 P code GLONASS: 40 ADGHLMetMNOPRTV2 45.7 71.1 24g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT 20Hz
L1, L2 SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 10.6mm +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
K501 120 GPS: L1 C/A code, L1 / L2 P code BeiDou: 40 ADGHLMetMNOPRTV2 45.7 71.1 25g 1.5m / 0.5m / 10mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT 20Hz
B1, B2, B3 (Optional) SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, 10.6mm +1ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
MSAS, GAGAN
T300 256 GPS: L1 C/A, L1 C, L2 P, L2C, L5 BeiDou: B1, 66 ADGLMetMNOPRV1 15.8 7.5cm 0.95kg (Include 1.5m / 0.5m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 10Hz PVT 20Hz
B2, B3 GLONASS: L1 / L2 Galileo: Reserved (WH) Batteries) +0.5ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
SBAS: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
M300Pro 496 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P, L5. BeiDou: B1, All in view ADGLMetMNOPRV1 163 75 x 202mm 2.4kg (Include Batteries) 1.5m / 0.5m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 50Hz PVT 100Hz
B2, B3 .GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. +0.5ppm (All values in Horiz, RMS) Raw data
M300 496 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P, L5.; BeiDou: B1, 66 ADGLMetMNOPRV1 80 x 145 200mm 1kg 1.5m / 0.5m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 50Hz PVT 100Hz
M600 404 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P. BeiDou: B1, 60 ADGLMNOPRTV1 80 x 145 200mm 1.3kg 1.5m / 0.4m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm +1ppm 20ns 20 Hz PVT 100Hz
B2. GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. (All values in Horiz, RMS); Heading: Raw data
M300 Min 496 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P, L5. BeiDou: B1, All in view ADGLMetMNOPRV1 55 x 191 142mm 0.8kg 1.5m / 0.5m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm 20ns 50Hz PVT 100Hz
M600 Min 404 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2P. BeiDou: B1, 60 ADGLMNOPRTV1 55 x 191 142mm 0.95kg 1.5m / 0.4m / 8mm +1ppm / 2.5mm +1ppm 20ns 20 Hz PVT 100Hz
B2. GLONASS: L1CA, L1P, L2C/A, L2P. (All values in Horiz, RMS); Heading: Raw data
DataGrid, Inc. Colibri 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration GLMMetNOPRTV1 17 x 10cm ~400g depending 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm <35 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20
www.datagrid-international.com on config Galileo E1, SBAS on config. +0.1 ppm (RMS) (user programmable)
Sparrow 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration GLMMetNOPRTV1 17 x 8.7cm 1.2 kg 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm <35 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20
on config Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, SBAS +0.1 ppm (RMS) (user programmable)
Gator 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration ADGLMMetNOPVRSTV1 10 x 8.4 x 3.5cm 340g 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm <35 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20
on config Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, SBAS +0.1 ppm (RMS) (user programmable)
REX 3 x 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration ADGLMMetNOPVRTV1 26 x 15 x 6cm 1800g 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm <35 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20
on config Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, SBAS +0.1 ppm (RMS)
DGRx-GNSS 3 (OEM) 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration ADGHLMMetOPRSTV2 90 x 60 x 12mm ~ 50g 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm <35 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20
on config Galileo E1, SBAS +0.1 ppm (RMS)

Cold start3 Warm Start4 Reacquisition5 No. of ports Port type Baud rate Operating temperature Power source Power consumption (Watts) Antenna type6 Description or Comments
(degrees Celsius)
2ms 2ms 2ms na na na na na na na Software-based, HDL-based, Server-based,

MCU-based GPS receiver
2ms 2ms 2ms na na na na na na na Software-based, HDL-based, Server-based,
MCU-based GPS receiver
<6s <2s <2s na na na na na na na Work with 28 Day Extended Epemeris service
<60s <10s 11 1 I/P, 4 O/P BNC 10MHz, 4 O/P BNC IRIG A135 9600, N, 8, 1 -10 to +50 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext Cost effective Multi-function Time/Frequency
B125 E115 G145, 1 O/P DB9 IRIG A005 B005 Reference
E005 G005, 1 RS232
<60s <10s 11 1 I/P, 4 O/P BNC 10MHz, 4 O/P BNC IRIG A135 9600, N, 8, 1 -10 to +50 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext Same as NFS-220, but includes LED Time
B125 E115 G145, 1 O/P DB9 IRIG A005 B005 Display on front
E005 G005, 1 RS232
<60s <10s 22 1 I/P GPS ANT, 1 I/P 1PPS IN, 2 I/P IRIG A200x 9600, N, 8, 1 -10 to +50 Single or Dual 40W per power supply ext Versatile unit suited for Test Ranges where
A13x IRIG B20x B12x CF per IEEE-1344 IRIG Hot-Swappable power multiple time code formats are required
E00x E11x IRIG G00x G14x IRIG H00x NASA supplies.85-264VAC
36 Have Quick 50/60Hz or -48VDC
<120s with 11 1 I/P GPS ANT, 10 O/P 10MHz, 1 O/P 1PPS 0 to +50 90VAC to 260VAC <15W ext Military Satcom Applications. Fully compliant with
Almanac, CV DB-15, 1 O/P HAVEQUICK DB-15, 2 I/O RJ-45 MIL-STD-188-164B
loaded 10/100BaseT Ethernet
<120s with 11 1 I/P GPS ANT, 10 O/P 10MHz, 1 O/P 1PPS 0 to +50 90VAC to 260VAC <15W ext Rugged GPS Discipllned Time and Frequency
Almanac, CV DB-15, 1 O/P HAVEQUICK DB-15, 2 I/O RJ-45 System available in C/A code and SAASM
loaded 10/100BaseT Ethernet versions
70 s 70 s <5 s na Ports vary dependent on unit configuration -15 to 55 90VAC to 265VAC 50/60Hz ext Advanced Modular System with touch screen
18-36VDC interface, advanced integrity monitoring, and
expansion features
<60 s <10 s 11 1 I/P GPS ANT, 4 RJ-45 PTP O/P, 6 75 BNC 9600, N, 8, 1 0 to +50 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext Cost-effective PTP Grandmaster with large no.
E1 O/P, 1 BNC 50 10 MHZ O/P, 1 BNC50 of PTP outputs
1PPS O/P, 1 RS232 NMEA GPRMC O/P
<60s <10s 11 1 I/P GPS ANT, 1 RJ-45 CONSOLE, 8 RJ-45 0 to +50 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext PTP Boundary Clock for use in PTP time
PTP O/P, 4 SFP MDI/MDIX 1000BASE-T, 1 BNC distribution
50 10 MHZ O/P, 1 BNC50 1PPS O/P,
<60s <10s na Ports vary dependent on unit configuration 0 to +40 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext Modular Timing System with customizable output
options and large no. of expansion options
<60s <10s na Ports vary dependent on unit configuration 0 to +40 85-265VAC 50/60Hz ext Modular Timing System with customizable output
options and large no. of expansion options
<60s <10s 3 1 I/P GPS ANT SMA, 1 RJ45 PTP, 1 MULTI- -10 to +70 3.3V DC via PCIe bus ext Compact PCIe PTP Grandmaster clock,
FUNCTION BREAKOUT CABLE CONNECTOR capable of broadcasting PTP over a network
or synchornizing a host computers time
via PCIe bus
<60s <30s <15s 6 2*7 pin Lemo, Radio Antenna, Bluetooth, WiFi, 9600 - 115200 -45 to +65 ext 3.2W int Compact GNSS receiver
3.75G Cellular Moderm
<60s <30s <15s 3 RS232, Bluetooth, Radio Antenna 9600 - 115200 -40 to +65 ext 2.6W int Compact GNSS receiver
<50s <35s <1s 3 RS232, Bluetooth, Radio Antenna 9600 - 115200 -40 to +65 ext 2.6W int Compact GNSS receiver
<60s <30s <15s 3 GNSS Antenna Port, LAN 9600 - 115200 -25 to +65 ext/int 4.2W ext GNSS Sensor with PC Control Utility and Web
User Interface
<60s <30s <15s 7 2*10 pin Lemo, TNC port (GNSS Antenna), 2400 - 115200 -40 to +65 ext/int 3.5W ext GNSS Sensor with Front Panel and Web
BNC port (External Frequency), RJ45 Ethernet, User Interface
DB9 Serial, USB
<60s <30s <15s 3 RS232, iOS Bluetooth, Radio Antenna 4800 - 115200 -40 to +65 ext 2.6W int Compact GNSS receiver, compatible with
IOS device
<60s <30s <10s 2 RS232, iOS Bluetooth 9600 - 115200 -30 to +60 ext 1.8W ext Compact GNSS receiver, compatible with
IOS device
<50s <35s <1s 6 Mini USB, GPRS Antenna, 3.5G Cellular 4800 - 115200 -30 to +70 ext 3W int/ext GNSS Handheld Receiver
Moderm, Bluetooth, WiFi, Compact Flash
<45s <30s <2s 6 Mini USB, GPRS Antenna, 3.5G Cellular 4800 - 115200 -30 to +70 ext 2.8W int/ext GNSS Handheld Receiver
<27s <1s <1s 6 Mini USB, GPRS Antenna, 3.5G Cellular 9600 -20 to +60 ext 1W int/ext GNSS Handheld Receiver
<45s <30s <1s 6 Mini USB, GPRS Antenna, 3.5G Cellular 9600 -30 to +60 ext 4W int/ext GNSS Handheld Receiver
<50s <45s <2s 6 3 RS232; 1 USB; 1 RJ45; 1 CAN up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.7W MMCX acceptable 8GB onboard memory, Eventmarkerand PPS,
Triple frequency full constellation professional
GNSS OEM board
<50s <45s <2s 4 3 RS232; 1 USB up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.7W 2 MMCX acceptable 8GB onboard memory, Eventmarkerand PPS,
Dual frequency full constellation heading and
position GNSS OEM board
<50s <45s <2s 6 3 RS232; 1 USB; 1 RJ45; 1 CAN up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.68W MCX acceptable 8GB onboard memory, Eventmarkerand PPS,
Dual freqency full constellation smaller sized
GNSS board,
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 0.6W MCX acceptable Single frequency with carrier phase and Code,
entry level GNSS OEM Board
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.85W MMCX acceptable Triple frequency GNSS OEM Board
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +80 ext 1.9W 2 MCX acceptable Dual frequency GNSS OEM Board for heading
and positioning
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +80 ext 1.85W 2 MCX acceptable Dual frequency GNSS OEM Board for heading
and positioning
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.35W MCX acceptable Dual frequency GNSS OEM Board
<50s <45s <2s 3 3 RS232 up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.45W MCX acceptable Dual frequency GNSS OEM Board
<50s <30s <2s 3 1 Lemo port ; 1 Bluetooth; 1 USB port up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +65 hot swappable 2.85W int RTK GNSS Receiver, Small and light with Internal
batteries Tx/Rx, 3.5G
<50s <30s <2s 6 3 Lemo port ; 1 USB port; 1 LAN Port; up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +65 int/ext 3.5W TNC acceptable 8GB internal memory, built in webserver, CORS
1 DB9 Port Receiver, ideal for Reference station
<50s <30s <2s 2 2 Lemo port ; up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +70 ext 2.5W TNC acceptable Enclosure GNSS Receiver, smart sensors for high
accuracy positioning, Rugged design
<50s <45s <2s 2 2 Lemo ports up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +70 ext 2.5W TNC acceptable Enclosure heading and positioing GNSS
Receiver, for machine control
<50s <30s <2s 2 2 DB9 Male ports up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +70 ext 2.5W TNC acceptable Enclosure GNSS Receiver, with 3G and UHF
GNSS Sensors
<50s <45s <2s 2 2 DB9 Male ports up to 921, 600 bps -40 to +70 ext. 2.8W TNC acceptable Enclosure heading and positioing GNSS
Receiver, for machine control, agriculture
<40s 36s <1s 1, 1 USB, Bluetooth option 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 int, ext, LiIonP 1.5 to 2 L1/L2 GNSS Internal RTK, VRS, Precision post-procecssing, Precision
GIS, GSM modem opt. WR. Fully wireless
operation capable.
<40s 36s <1s 1, 1 USB, Ethernet 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 ext 1.5 to 2 Full GNSS Internal RTK, VRS, Precision post-procecssing, Precision
GIS, GSM modem, WR.
<40s 36s <1s 1 USB 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 ext. USB powered 1.5 L1/L2 GNSS (E) RTK, VRS, Precision post-procecssing, Precision
GIS, GSM modem opt. WR. Space qualified
version available to qualifying customers.
<40s 36s <1s 2, 1, 1 Serial, USB, Ethernet 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 ext 5 3 x L1/L2 GNSS External Upto 3 GNSS receivers, to generate Position,
heading, roll, pitch. Also available in a base station
configuration.
<40s <36s <1s 2 Serial 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 ext. 1.5 L1/L2 GNSS (E) Easy-to-upgrade/modify FPGA design with four
reprogrammable sub-bands; two 1552 .. 1609
MHz and three 1166 .. 1253 MHz. Space qualified
versions available to qualified customers.

DGRx-GNSS 4 (OEM) 336 or more depending GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: G1, G2, Flexible configuration ADGHLMMetOPRTV2 60 x 45 x 10mm ~ 45g 1.5m / <1m / 1cm / <1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 12 1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10,
on config Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, SBAS +0.1 ppm (RMS) 1/20, 1/50
Eos Positioning Systems Inc. Arrow Lite GPS 12 par. GPS L1 C/A & CP 12 GLMNOPR1 12.5 x 8.4 x 4.2cm 372g 1.5m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm 1-sigma <<50 ns 1Hz (optional 10Hz
www.eos-gnss.com & 20Hz)
Arrow 100 GNSS 158 par. GPS L1 C/A & CP, GLONASS G1, BeiDou B1, 52 GLMNOPR1 12.5 x 8.4 x 4.2cm 372g 1.5m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm 1-sigma 20ns 1Hz (optional 10Hz
Galileo E1, QZSS, SBAS, LBand opt. & 20Hz)
Arrow 200 GNSS 372 par. GPS L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, GLONASS 58 GLMNOPR1 12.5 x 8.4 x 4.2cm 372g 1.5m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm 1-sigma 20ns 1Hz (optional 10Hz
G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5a / & 20Hz)
E5b, QZSS, Atlas LBand opt.
Arrow Gold GNSS 372 par. GPS L1 / L2 / L5, C/A & P code & CP, 58 GLMNOPR1 12.5 x 8.4 x 4.2cm 372g 1.5m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm 1-sigma 20ns 1Hz (optional 10Hz
GLONASS G1 / G2 / P1 / P2, BeiDou B1 / & 20Hz)
B2 / B3, Galileo E1bc / E5a / E5b, QZSS,
Atlas Lband
FOIF A30 220 GPS: L1 C/A, L2E, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1 26 ADLMRSV1 10.1 x 19.7 x 1.3kg ~10m / 25cm +1.0ppm / 8mm +1.0ppm 20ns up to 50Hz
www.foif.com C/A, L1P, L2 C/A, L2P SBAS(WAAS / EGNOS 19.7cm < 0.25m
/ MSAS): L1 C/A, L5 GIOVE-A: L1 BOC, E5A,
E5B, E5AltBOC GIOVE-B: L1 CBOC, E5A,
E5B, E5AltBOC GALILEO: L1 CBOC, E5A,
E5B, E5AltBOC (Reserved) Beidou: B1, B2
ftech Radio Frequency System FM3311 33 tracking +99 acquisition GPS / GLONASS L1 C/A code, SBAS 33 ACHLMNRV2 11 x 11 x 2.15mm 2g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
Corporation 10Hz by user define
www.f-tech.com.tw
FMP3312-TLP 33 tracking +99 acquisition GPS / GLONASS L1 C/A code, SBAS 33 ACHLMNRV2 26 x 26 x 11.7mm 12.5g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP3351-TLP 33 tracking +99 acquisition GPS / GLONASS L1 C/A code, SBAS 33 ACHLMNRV2 22 x 22 x 8mm 8g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FM3911 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRTV2 11 x 11 x 2.15mm 2g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP3906-TLP 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 16 x 16 x 6.7mm 6g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP12-TLP 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 26 x 26 x 11.7mm 12.5g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP51 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 22 x 22 x 8mm 8g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP0439-TLP 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 26 x 26 x 11.7mm 12.5g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FM3906-TLP 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRTV2 16 x 16 x 6.7mm 6g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FM3711 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRTV2 11 x 11 x 2.15mm 2g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP31 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 22 x 22 x 8mm 8g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FMP32 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACHLMNRV2 26 x 26 x 11.7mm 12.5g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
FGM-RLP 22 tracking +66 acquisition GPS L1 C/A code, SBAS 22 ACLMNRV2 30 x 34.1 x 8mm 50g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
+Q14 10Hz by user define
FGN-RLP 33 tracking +99 acquisition GPS / GLONASS L1 C/A code, SBAS 33 ACHLMNRV2 30 x 34.1 x 8mm 50g 3m CEP / 1.5mCEP 10ns RMS 1Hz default, max up to
10Hz by user define
Furuno GN86 24 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GALILEO E1B / 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 8 ALMNPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 10us (Max) 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
www.furuno.com E1C, QZSS L1 C/A GALILEO, 2 QZSS 2.8mm
GN87 34 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 ALMNPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 10us (Max) 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
GALILEO E1B / E1C, QZSS L1 C/A GLONASS, 8 GALILEO, 2.8mm
2 QZSS
GV86 24 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, QZSS L1 C/A 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, LNPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 10us (Max) 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
2 QZSS 2.8mm
GV87 26 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 LNPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 10us (Max) 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
QZSS L1 C/A GLONASS, 2 QZSS 2.8mm
GT86 24 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, QZSS L1 C/A 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, LNTPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
2 QZSS 2.8mm
GT87 34 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 LNTPV2 12.2 x 16.0 x 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
QZSS L1 C/A GLONASS, 2 QZSS 2.8mm
GT8736 26 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 LNTPV2 40.0 x 60.0mm 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
QZSS L1 C/A GLONASS, 2 QZSS
eRideOPUS 6 24 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GALILEO E1B / 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 8 ALMNPTV2 7.0 x 7.0mm 15ns @1 sigma 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
E1C, QZSS L1 C/A GALILEO, 2 QZSS (timing software)
eRideOPUS 7 32 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 ALMNPTV2 7.0 x 7.0mm 15ns @1 sigma 1 / 2 / 5 / 10Hz
GALILEO E1B / E1C, QZSS L1 C/A GLONASS, 8 GALILEO, (timing software)
2 QZSS
GF8557 14 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A 12 GPS, 2 SBAS LT2 100 x 100 x <120g 30ns @ 2 sigma 1Hz
19.9mm
GF8701 26 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 LT2 34 x 27 x 11mm 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
GF8702 26 GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, 12 GPS, 2 SBAS, 10 LT2 34 x 27 x 15.5mm 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
GF8648 26 GPS L1 C/A, QZSS L1 C/A 12 GPS, 2 QZSS LT2 480 x 600 x 15ns @1 sigma 1Hz
149mm
Galileo Satellite Navigation Ltd GSN-7100 GNSS Software unlimited, user defined GPS L1 C/A code, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou all in view ACDGHLMNRSTV12 not applicable not applicable for 3m <<50ns User defined - up to
www.galileo-nav.com Receiver for Software Software Receiver 1000 times in 1s
Receiver
Geneq inc. SXBlue GNSS 117 channel L1 C/A code & phase, GPS +GLONASS 27 GLMNOPR1 8.5 x 3.5 x 11.2cm .6lb 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
www.sxbluegps.com +GALILEO, SBAS & 20Hz
SXBlue II +GPS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase GPS, SBAS 27 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4.7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
& 20Hz
SXBlue II +GNSS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase, GPS +GLONASS 27 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4.7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GALILEO, SBAS & 20Hz
iSXBlue II +GNSS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase, GPS +GLONASS 27 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4.7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GALILEO, SBAS & 20Hz
SXBlue II-L GPS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase GPS, SBAS, 13 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 5.6 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 80cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
OmniSTAR VBS & 20Hz
SXBlue II-B GPS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase GPS, SBAS, DGPS 13 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 5.6 x 14.1cm 1, 2lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
Beacon & 20Hz
SXBlue GNSS L1 / L2 372 channel L1 / L2 / (L2C) C/A & P code, GPS +GLONASS 89 GLMNOPR1 8.5 x 3.5 x 11.2cm .6lb 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GALILEO, CP, SBAS & 20Hz
SXBlue III +GNSS 372 channel L1 / L2 / (L2C) C/A & P code, GLONASS 89 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4.7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GALILEO, CP, SBAS & 20Hz
iSXBlue III +GNSS 372 channel L1 / L2 / (L2C) C/A & P code, CP, GPS 89 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4, 7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GLONASS +GALILEO, SBAS & 20Hz
SXBlue III-L GNSS 372 channel L1 / L2 / (L2C) C/A & P code, CP, GPS 89 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 5.6 x 14.1cm 1, 2lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
+GLONASS +GALILEO, SBAS, OmniSTAR & 20Hz
VBS / XP / HP / G2
iSXBlue II +GPS 372 channel L1 C/A code & phase, GPS, SBAS 27 GHLMNOPR1 8.0 x 4.7 x 14.1cm 1lb (w/batt.) 2.5m / 60cm / 3cm / 1cm, 95% na 1Hz, optional 10
& 20Hz
Geodetics Inc. Geo-iNAV All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADGLMMetNRTV12 4.74 x 1.81 x 20oz (tactical version) < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.01
www.geodetics.com SAASM optional) 3.95in (tactical
version)
Geo-RelNAV All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADLMOPNRTV1 4.74 x 1.81 x 20oz (tactical version) < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.01
SAASM optional) 3.95in (tactical
version)
Geo-Pointer All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADGLMMetNORTV12 4.74 x 2.2 x 3.95in 1lb 7oz < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.1
SAASM optional)
Geo-hNAV All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADGLMMetNRTV12 4.74 x 1.81 x 20oz (tactical version) < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.01
SAASM optional) 3.95in (tactical
version)
Geo-PNT All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADGLMMetNRTV12 4.74 x 2.2 x 3.95in 1lb 7oz (tactical version) < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.01
SAASM optional) (tactical version)

(degrees Celsius)
<40s <36s <1s 2 Serial 1, 200 - 115, 200 bps -40 to +85 ext. 2.0 L1/L2/L5 GNSS (E) Easy-to-upgrade/modify FPGA design with five
reprogrammable sub-bands; two 1552 .. 1609
MHz and three 1166 .. 1253 MHz.
60s 30s <1s 2 Long-range Class 1 Bluetooth (Apple +SPP), 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 Integrated Battery / Opt. 17 hrs / 1.4W Active, L1 GPS Single Frequency GPS. Real-time 60cm with
USB 1 RS-232 External SBAS. Universal Bluetooth compatibility with iOS,
Android and Windows.
60s 30s <1s 2 Long-range Class 1 Bluetooth (Apple +SPP), 4, 800 - 230, 400 -40 to +85 Integrated Battery / Opt. 12 hrs / 2.0W Active, L1/G1/B1/E1/LBand Single Frequency GNSS. 60cm SBAS, 30cm or
USB 1 RS-232 External opt. 1cm with RTK. Bluetooth compatibility iOS,
Android and Windows.
60s 30s <1s 2 Long-range Class 1 Bluetooth (Apple +SPP), 4, 800 - 460, 800 -40 to +85 Integrated Battery / Opt.l 9 +hrs / 2.5W Active, L1/L2, G1/G2, B1/B3, Multi-Freq GNSS. 7cm Worldwide w/ Atlas. 1cm
USB 1 RS-232 External E1, Lband RTK. Bluetooth compatibility with iOS, Android
and Windows.
60s 30s <1s 2 Long-range Class 1 Bluetooth (Apple +SPP), 4, 800 - 460, 800 -40 to +85 Integrated Battery / Opt.l 8.5 +hrs / 2.7W Active, L1/L2/L5, G1/G2, B1/B2/B3, Multi-Freq GNSS. 7cm Worldwide w/ Atlas. 1cm
USB 1 RS-232 External E1/E5, Lband RTK. SafeRTK feature. Bluetooth compatibility
with iOS, Android and Windows.
<45s <30s <2s 2 RS232, USB 38400 -30 to +65 int/ext 12W G18-104A GPS L1/L2/L5 BDS B1/B2/B3 GLONASS L1/L2
GALILEO E1/E2/E5a/E5b
<35s <33s <1s 2 UART 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext / built-in backup battery 20mA at 3.3V active internal antenna MT3331 chipset, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO
supported
<35s <33s <1s 1 UART 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext / built-in backup battery 20mA at 3.3V active internal antenna as above
<35s <33s <1s 2 UART 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext 19mA at 3.3V ext., active or passive MT3339 chipset, very high senstivity at -165dBM
<35s <33s <1s 1 UART 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext 20mA at 3.3V active internal antenna as above
<35s <34s <1s 2 UART 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext 21mA at 3.3V ext, active or passive MT3337 ROM based chipset, low cost solution
<35s <34s <1s 1 UART/RS232 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext / built-in backup battery 37mA at 3.3V active internal antenna Smart antenna model, multi type connector and
various cable length availavle
<35s <33s <1s 1 UART/RS232 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext / built-in backup battery 37mA at 3.3V active internal antenna Smart antenna model, multi type connector and
various cable length availavle
33s 30s <1s 1 NMEA 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Active Anti-Jamming and Advanced Multipath
Mitigation
33s 30s <1s 1 NMEA 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Multi-GNSS, Active Anti-Jamming and Advanced
Multipath Mitigation
33s 30s <1s 2 UART1 (for NMEA Input/Output) UART2/I2C 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Galileo Ready, High performance Dead
selectable (for IMU sensor data input), Wheel Reckoning Active Anti-Jamming and Advanced
tick capable Multipath Mitigation
33s 30s <1s 2 UART1 (for NMEA Input/Output) UART2/I2C 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Multi-GNSS, Galileo Ready High performance
selectable (for IMU sensor data input), Wheel Dead Reckoning Active Anti-Jamming and
tick capable Advanced Multipath Mitigation
40s 35s <5s 1 NMEA or M12 Binary, 4-40MHz, 1PPS 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Galileo Ready, Active Anti-Jamming and
Advanced Multipath Mitigation Time Pulse
output (1PPS) and Clock output (configurable,
e.g., 10MHz)
40s 35s <5s 1 NMEA or M12 Binary, 4-40MHz, 1PPS 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Multi-GNSS, Galileo Ready Active Anti-Jamming
and Advanced Multipath Mitigation Time Pulse
output (1PPS) and Clock output (configurable,
e.g. 10MHz)
35s 35s <5s 1 NMEA or M12 Binary, 1PPS 9600 -40 to +85 ext Active Multi-GNSS, Galileo Ready Active Anti-Jamming
and Advanced Multipath Mitigation
33s 30s <1s 2 NMEA or M12 Binary, 4-40MHz, 1PPS 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Dead Reckoning or Timing software available
(timing software) For timing, Time Pulse output (1PPS) and Clock
output (configurable, e.g., 10MHz)
33s 30s <1s 2 NMEA or M12 Binary, 4-40MHz, 1PPS 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Passive or Active Multi-GNSS, Dead Reckoning or Timing software
(timing software) available For timing, Time Pulse output (1PPS)
and Clock output (configurable, e.g. 10MHz)
2 10MHz, 1PPS, NMEA, TOD 38400 -20 to +80 ext Warm up: <14W Steady Active GPS Disciplined 10MHz via OXCO oscillator Hold
state: <10W Over: <8usec/24h
1 4-40MHz selectable, 1PPS, NMEA 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Steady state: <0.6W Active Multi-GNSS Disciplined 10MHz via TCXO
oscillator
1 4-40MHz selectable, 1PPS, NMEA 4800 - 230400 -40 to +85 ext Steady state: <1.7W Active Multi-GNSS Disciplined 10MHz via OXCO
oscillator Hold Over: <50usec/24h
oscillator Hold Over: <1.5usec/24h
11 10MHz x9, 1PPS, NMEA 38400 -10to +45 ext Warm up: <63W Steady Active Digital Broadcasting Base Station Rubidium
state: <30W Oscillator
30s 2s 1s na defined by system designer defined by system designer na na ~40mW defined by system designer GNSS Software Receiver can run on any DSP/
RISK (CEVA, Cadense, ARM, other). Can use
any RF front end Needs about 128KB RAM and
100-150 MHz of CPU resources
60s 35s <1s 2 Bluetooth, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 Ext (5V, 12V or 24V) 3.2W L1 GNSS Active High-accuracy receiver for base station or
machine control
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 1.9W L1 GPS Active Affordable submeter receiver for realtime
positioning
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.3W L1 GNSS Active High-accuracy receiver to provide submeter
realtime positioning all the time with low power
consumption
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.3W L1 GNSS Active Apple iOS Bluetooth compatible receiver for
submeter applications
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 2.9W L1 GPS/LBand Active Single frequency GPS receiver, Worldwide 1m
accuracy with OmniSTAR VBS service
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 2.5W Combined L1 GPS/DGPS Beacon Portable DGPS Beacon receiver for marine
navigation
60s 35s <1s 2 Bluetooth, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 Ext (5V, 12V or 24V) 3.3W L1/L2 GNSS Active Dual frequency GNSS high-accuracy receiver for
base station or machine control
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.3W L1/L2 GNSS Active RTK & GNSS Dual frequency receiver with low
power consumption
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.9W L1/L2 GNSS Active Apple iOS Bluetooth compatible receiver for
centimeter applications
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.9W L1/L2/LBand GNSS Active Dual Frequency GNSS, Worldwide 10cm with
OmniSTAR HP, G2 and XP services
60s 35s <1s 3 Bluetooth, USB, RS-232 (all independent) 4, 800 - 115, 200 -20 to +60 (batttery) Integrated battery 3.3W L1 GPS Active Apple iOS Bluetooth compatible receiver for
affordable submeter applications
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 5 (tactical version) ext Fully Integrated Inertial Navigation System for
@2 AMPS Low-High Dynamic Platforms, UAV, UGV, USV
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 5 (tactical version) ext Relative navigation system for applications
@2 AMPS requiring relative platform data i.e. aerial refueling,
shipboard landing
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 5 (tactical version) ext Dual-GPS based attitude determination system
@2 AMPS
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 5 (tactical version) ext Hybrid dual-GPS / IMU navigation system for
@2 AMPS stationary or slowly moving platforms i.e. aerostat
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 9 (tactical version) ext Accurate timing, position and attitude in a single
@2 AMPS box combining a high performance, versatile,
GPS master clock with an accurate inertial
navigation system in a single box solution.

Geo-MMS All in view GPS L1 C/A code, 24 GPS; (L2 optional, All in view ADGLMMetNRTV12 4.74 x 3.9 x 2.2in 3.9 lb < 1.5m CEP / < 5cm CEP / < 5cm CEP 15ns 1 to 0.01
SAASM optional) (tactical version)
GEOsat MXbox GNSS 372 L1 GNSS (GPS, L1, C/A CP smoothed, Glonass L1, SBAS, All in view GHLR1 115 x 115 x 40mm 0.35kg 1.2m / 0.3m / nr / nr RMS nr 1Hz
www.geosat.de Glonass, Galileo, Beidou) Beacon
www.geosat.eu code and carrier phase
tracking, 3 SBAS
GEOmeter MX 372 L1 GNSS (GPS, L1, C/A CP smoothed, Glonass L1, SBAS, All in view GHLR1 180 x 100 x 40mm 1.2kg 1.2m / 0.3m / nr / nr RMS nr 1Hz
Glonass, Galileo, Beidou) Beacon
code and carrier phase
tracking, 3 SBAS
GEObox smart 65 L1 (GPS/Glonass) L1, C/A All in view NV1 120 x 60 x 40mm 0.15kg 5m / 1m / nr / nr CEP nr 1Hz
GlobalTop Technology Ivory3 66 Channels All in View GPS L1 C/A code 22 12.7 x 9 x 2.1mm 1g Without aid: 3.0m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
www.gtop-tech.com Tracking CEP) DGPS: 2.5m (Default: 1Hz)
(50% CEP)
LadyBird 1 66 Channels All in View GPS L1 C/A code 22 16 x 16 x 4.7mm 4g Without aid: 3.0m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
Tracking CEP) DGPS: 2.5m (Default: 1Hz)
(50% CEP)
LadyBird 3 66 Channels All in View GPS L1 C/A code 22 16 x 16 x 6.2mm 6g Without aid: 3.0m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
Tracking CEP) DGPS: 2.5m (Default: 1Hz)
(50% CEP)
Firefly X1 99 channels GPS +Glonass, GPS +Galieo (on request), 33 9.0 x 9.5 x 2.1mm 0.7g Without aid: 2.5m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
GPS +Beidou (on request) CEP) DGPS: 2.0m (50% (Default: 1Hz)
CEP) RTCM: <2.0m
(50% CEP)
FireFly 1 99 channels GPS +Glonass, GPS +Galieo (on request), 33 11.5 x 13 x 2.1mm 1g Without aid: 3.0m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
GPS +Beidou (on request) CEP) DGPS: 2.5m (Default: 1Hz)
(50% CEP)
Titan 2 99 channels GPS +Glonass, GPS +Galieo (on request), 33 16 x 16 x 6.8mm 6g Without aid: 3.0m (50% 10 ns RMS Up to 10Hz <35s (<15 with AGPS)
GPS +Beidou (on request) CEP) DGPS: 2.5m (Default: 1Hz)
(50% CEP)
Hemisphere GNSS Crescent P102 OEM Board 24 par L1 only, C/Acode & CP (SBAS) 12 AGLMNPRV2 1.6 x 0.5 x 2.9in <0.7oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 50 0.05
www.hemispheregnss.com
Eclipse P206 OEM Module 162 par L1 C/A, (SBAS), GLONASS G1, BeiDou B1, 27 AGLMNPRV2 1.6 x 0.5 x 2.9in <0.8oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Galileo E1, and QZSS L1 C/A
Eclipse P306 OEM Module 372 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), 89 AGLMNPRV2 1.6 x 0.5 x 2.9in <0.8oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
GLONASS G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3,
Galileo E1 / E5b, and QZSS L1 C/A & L2C
Eclipse P326 OEM Module 394 par GPS L1CA / L1P / L1C / L2P / L2C / L5, 89 AGLMNPRV2 1.6 x 0.5 x 2.9in <0.8oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
GLONASS G1 / G2, P1 / P2, BeiDou, B1 / B2
/ B3 GALILEO E1BC / E5a / E5b and QZSS
L1CA / L2C / L5 / L1C
Eclipse P328 OEM Module 394 par GPS L1CA / L1P / L1C / L2P / L2C / L5, 89 AGLMNPRV2 3.9 x 0.4 x 2.3in <1.5oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
GLONASS G1 / G2, P1 / P2, BeiDou, B1 / B2
/ B3 GALILEO E1BC / E5a / E5b and QZSS
L1CA / L2C / L5 / L1C
A101 Smart Antenna 24 par L1 only, C/Acode & CP (SBAS) 12 AGLMNPRV1 5.7 x 4.1in 1.23lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 50 0.05
A325 GNSS Smart Antenna 114 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), and 27 AGLMNPRV1 4.1 x 5.7in 1.23lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
GLONASS G1 / G2
AtlasLink / A326 GNSS 372 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), GLONASS 89 AGLMNPRV1 6.2 x 3.2 x 6.2in <2.53lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Smart Antenna G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5b,
QZSS L1 C/A & L2C, and L-Band
S320 GNSS Survey 114 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), and 27 AGLMNPRV1 4.5 x 7.8in 3.3lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Receiver GLONASS G1 / G2
S321 GNSS Smart Antenna 372 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), GLONASS 89 AGLMNPRV1 5.5 x 5.5in 3.1lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5b,
R330 GNSS Receiver 372 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), 89 AGLMNPRV1 4.7 x 1.8 x 7.0in 1.42lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
GLONASS G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3,
Galileo E1 / E5b, QZSS L1 C/A & L2C, L-Band,
and Beacon
Vector H200 GNSS 108 par. L1 C/A, (SBAS), and GLONASS G1 27 AGLMNOPRV2 2.8 x 0.2 x 4.3in <1.8oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Compass Module
Vector H321 GNSS 744 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), GLONASS 89 AGLMNOPRV2 2.8 x 0.6 x 6.0in <3.7oz 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Compass Module G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5b,
Vector V102 GPS Compass 48 par L1 only, C/Acode & CP (SBAS) 12 AGLMNOPV1 6.2 x 2.7 x 16.4in 3.3lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 50 0.05
Vector V103 GPS Compass 108 par. L1 C/A, (SBAS), and GLONASS G1 27 AGLMNOPV1 8.3 x 5.8 x 26.1in 4.6lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Vector V104 GPS Compass 48 par L1 only, C/Acode & CP (SBAS) 12 AGLMNOPV1 5.1 x 1.8 x 10.2in 0.9lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 50 0.05
Vector V320 GNSS 744 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), GLONASS 89 AGLMNOPV1 8.3 x 5.8 x 26.1in 4.6lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Compass G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5b,
Vector VS131 GNSS 108 par. L1 C/A, (SBAS), GLONASS G1, and Beacon 27 AGLMNOPV1 4.7 x 3.0 x 8.0in 2.5lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 5mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Compass
Vector VS330 GNSS 744 par L1 / L2, C/A & P code & CP, (SBAS), GLONASS 89 AGLMNOPV1 4.7 x 3.0 x 8.0in 2.5lb 1.2m / 0.3m / 1cm / 3mm (RMS) 20 0.05
Compass G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3, Galileo E1 / E5b,
IFEN GmbH SX3 user-defined, 490 par. tested up to 8 signal chains tracked in real-time GPS user-defined, up to AGLMMetNOPSTV1 13.5 x 3.5 x 0.9kg ( +PC or ~10m (95%); Code accuracy: <20cm; <10 up to 25Hz PVT
www.ifen.com on Intel i7-4790K L1 C/A, L2 P, L2C, L5; Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, 490 tested 20.0cm notebook) Carrier accuracy: < 1mm
E5 AltBOC, E6; GLONASS G1 C/A, G2 C/A;
BeiDou B1, B2; SBAS L1, L5; QZSS L1 C/A &
SAIF; IRNSS SPS L-band, S-band
NavX-NTR 120 par. Narrow correlator GPS L1 C/A, L2 P, L2C, L5 Galileo E1, E5ab, all in view NP1 19in x 1HU x 22cm 2.5kg ~10m (95%) <10 10Hz PVT
E6 GLONASS G1 C/A & P GLONASS G2
IRNSS L +S-Band BeiDou B1, B2, SBAS
Interstate Electronics Corporation TruTrak Munitions 12 dedicated or multiplexed L1 / L2 C/A and P(Y) 12 D 3.42 x 3.42 x <0.25lb ITAR Controlled - Data available 100 0.5 or 1
www.iechome.com 0.495in upon request
TruTrak Evolution SS 12 dedicated L1 C/A and P(Y) 12 D 3.07 x 0.93in with 23g ITAR Controlled - Data available as above as above
tabs to 1.49in upon request
TruTrak Type II 24 dedicated L1 / L2 C/A and P(Y) 12 D 1.76 x 0.368 x 2.45 35g ITAR Controlled - Data avliable upon 40 ns
request
SAASM FireFly-IIA DOCXO 12 par. L2, L1, Y(P), C/A, SAASM 12 ADLMMETNOT2 2.85 x 2.0 x 0.5 <2.5oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
GPSDO
Motorola / iLotus M12M / 72 L1, C/A, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS, 72 ADLMMETNOTV2 2.362 x 1.575 x 0.6 <2oz <0.7m RMS <5ns RMS 1Hz/5Hz
M12 +compatible GNSS WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS quantization
Replacement Receiver corrected
Module
HD CSAC SAASM GPSDO 12 par. L2, L1, Y(P), C/A, SAASM 12 ADLMMETNOT2 2.85 x 2.0 x 0.5 <2oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
Low Noise Rubidium 72 par. L1, C/A, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS, 72 ADLMMETNOTV2 3.40 x 4.4 x 1.0 <400g <0.7m RMS <5ns RMS 1Hz
GNSDO WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS
LTE-Lite 10 / 15.36 / 19.2 65 par. L1, C/A, GPS / QZSS, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 65 ADLMMETNOTV2 0.7 x 1.2 x 0.1in 0.1oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz and 5Hz
/ 20 / MHz SMT Module
GPSDO
Low Power HD CSAC 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOT2 2 x 2.5 x 0.5in <2oz <2m RMS <15ns RMS 1Hz
(Chip Scale Cesium Atomic
Clock) SWAP optimized
GPSDO
FireFly-IIA 10MHz GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.5 x 3 x 1in 1.74oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
FireFly-1A 10MHz GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.0 x 2.5 x 0.5in 0.64oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
ULN-2550 25MHz / 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.5 x 3.5 x 0.8in 1.8oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
100MHz / 10MHz GPSDO
Mini-JLT GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 5.05 x 1.38 x 0.7in 2oz <2m RMS <15ns RMS 1Hz
LC_XO GPSDO 10MHz 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 0.97 x 0.97 x 0.5 <1oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
Jackson Labs Technologies, Inc. SAASM FireFly-IIA DOCXO 12 par. L2, L1, Y(P), C/A, SAASM 12 ADLMMETNOT2 2.85 x 2.0 x 0.5 <2.5oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
www.jackson-labs.com GPSDO
HD CSAC SAASM GPSDO 12 par. L2, L1, Y(P), C/A, SAASM 12 ADLMMETNOT2 2.85 x 2.0 x 0.5 <2oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
LTE-Lite 10 / 15.36 / 19.2 65 par. L1, C/A, GPS / QZSS, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 65 ADLMMETNOTV2 0.7 x 1.2 x 0.1in 0.1oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz and 5Hz
/ 20 / MHz SMT Module
GPSDO

(degrees Celsius)
50s 15s 30s 3s 5 Serial, Ethernet Programmable -40 to +85 External 10-30 VDC 5 (tactical version) ext Fully integrated LiDAR mapping payload for
@2 AMPS integration with small unmanned vehicles.
Includes an inertial navigation system coupled
with a LiDAR sensor.
60s 30s 0.5s 2 RS-232, USB, BT 9.600 - 115.200 -40 to +85 ext, 12 V 1 L1 GNSS (E ) Beacon SBAS and/or beacon and/or GPRS (NTRIP)
60s 30s 2s 2 RS-232, USB, BT 38, 400 -40 to +85 ext, 12 V 1 L1 GNSS (E ) Beacon SBAS and/or beacon and/or GPRS, PDA-unit
45s 38s 1s 7 3 digital, 1 analog 19, 200 -10 to +85 ext. 8 30 V 0.2 L1 (E) SBAS, GPRS modem, CAN-Interface
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART, I2C 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 13/19/24mA (Power Tracking) ext Ultra-low power Standalone GPS-Only Module
AGPS) AGPS) 6/14/18 mA (GLP mode) based on MT3339
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART, I2C, External Antenna 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 19/24/36mA (Power tracking) Ceramic Patch Antenna Advanced GPS-Only Patch Antenna Module
AGPS) AGPS) 6/14/22 mA (GLP mode) based on MT3339
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 16/23/30mA Ceramic Patch Antenna Ultra-low power GPS-Only Patch Antenna Module
AGPS) AGPS) based on MT3339
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART, I2C, SPI, 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 18/24/30mA ext Advanced Multi-GNSS, Multi-Interface Standalone
AGPS) AGPS) Module based on MT3333
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART, I2C 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 24/31/36mA ext Multi-GNSS Standalone Module based
AGPS) AGPS) on MT3333
<35s (<15 with <33s (<5 with <1s UART, I2C 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext 18/23/28mA Ceramic Patch Antenna Multi-GNSS Patch Antenna Module based
AGPS) AGPS) on MT3333
60s 30s <10s 4 3.3 V HCMOS 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext <1.0 GPS + SBAS (ER) GPS and SBAS receiver module
60s 30s <10s 6 3.3 V HCMOS, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext <3.2 GPS + SBAS + GLONASS + Single frequency GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou,
Galileo + BeiDou (ER) Galileo, QZSS and SBAS receiver module
60s 30s <10s 6 3.3 V HCMOS, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext <3.9 GPS + SBAS + GLONASS + Dual / Triple frequency GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou,
60s 30s <10s 2 RS-232, CAN 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <3 Integrated GPS + SBAS GPS and SBAS smart antenna
60s 30s <10s 2 RS-232, Bluetooth, CAN 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <4.6 Integrated GPS + SBAS + L1/L2 GPS & GLONASS, SBAS and Bluetooth
GLONASS (ER) (inc.) smart antenna
60s 20s <5s 5 RS-232, CAN, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <4.5 Integrated GPS + SBAS + L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS G1/G2, BeiDou B1/B2/
GLONASS + Galileo + BeiDou (ER) B3, Galileo, QZSS, Atlas L-band, and SBAS
Smart Antenna
60s 30s <10s 6 RS-232 (Multi-Use), RS-232, Bluetooth, USB, 4, 800 - 38, 400 -40 to +70 iny w/ option of ext Rover: 4.4 Base Tx UHF: 7 Integrated GPS + SBAS + L1/L2 GPS & GLONASS, SBAS, UHF
Bluetooth, SD, UHF, GSM GLONASS (ER) radio, GSM, SD & USB logging, Bluetooth
smart antenna
60s 30s <10s 6 RS-232 (Multi-Use), RS-232, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 4, 800 - 38, 400 -40 to +70 iny w/ option of ext Rover: 4.4 Base Tx UHF: 7 L1/L2 GPS + GLONASS + BeiDou L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS G1/G2, BeiDou B1/
SD, UHF, GSM + Galileo + QZSS + Lband + B2/B3, Galileo, QZSS, Atlas L-band, and
SBAS (ER) SBAS receiver
60s 30s <15s 2 RS-232 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <4.7 L1/L2 GPS + SBAS + Lband + L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS G1/G2, BeiDou B1/B2/
GLONASS (ER) (inc.) + Beacon B3, Galileo, QZSS, Atlas L-band, Beacon, SBAS
and USB logging receiver
40s 20s <10s 6 3.3 V HCMOS, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext <2.1 GPS + GLONASS + SBAS (ER) GPS & GLONASS, SBAS compass receiver
module
60s 30s <10s 5 3.3 V HCMOS, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext <4.7 L1/L2 GPS + GLONASS + BeiDou L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS G1/G2, BeiDou B1/B2/
+ Galileo + QZSS + Lband + B3, Galileo, QZSS, Atlas L-band, and SBAS
SBAS (ER) receiver module
60s 30s <10s 2 RS-232, NMEA2000 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <3 Integrated GPS + SBAS GPS and SBAS smart antenna
60s 30s <10s 2 RS-232, RS-422 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <4.6 Integrated GPS + SBAS + GPS, GLONASS and SBAS smart antenna
GLONASS (optional Beacon) (optional beacon differential)
60s 30s <10s 2 RS-232, or NMEA2000 4, 800 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 ext <2 Integrated GPS + SBAS GPS and SBAS smart antenna
40s 20s <10s 3 RS-232, RS-422 4, 800 - 115, 200 -30 to +70 ext <7 L1/L2 GPS + GLONASS + BeiDou L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS compass
+ Galileo + QZSS + Lband + SBAS receiver with Atlas L-Band, SBAS and Beacon
+ Beacon (ER) differential, USB logging receiver
60s 20s <10s 3 RS-232, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -30 to +70 ext <5.5 GPS + SBAS + GLONASS + GPS and GLONASS, SBAS and Beacon receiver
Beacon (ER)
40s 20s <10s 3 RS-232, RS-422, USB 4, 800 - 115, 200 -30 to +70 ext <7 L1/L2 GPS + GLONASS + BeiDou L1/L2 GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, QZSS compass
+ Galileo + QZSS + Lband + SBAS receiver with Atlas L-Band, SBAS and Beacon
+ Beacon (ER) differential, USB logging receiver
<55s <10s <1s 1 1 USB 3.0 -0 to +40 ext. <20W Active, external Multi-frequency real-time software receiver with
opt. dual antenna feature, external sensor data
interface. For scientific applications, fully flexible
and open system. Includes external notebook.
<60s <30s <1s 1 1 Ethernet -20 to +60 ext. (AC/DC) <30W Active, external Monitoring and reference station applications
120s 35s 5s 2 Serial RS-422 Serial TTL - CDU (debug) as above as above ext 3 (typ) E
as above as above as above 3 1 x RS 232 and 2 x CMOS serial ports, DS-101, as above as above Passive as above
TOD and 1-10PPS
<120s <60 Data Avaliable on 8 serial data ports, 2RS - 232 2 SPI ( 7 slaves) 2 - 40 to +85 3.3 1.5 Passive and Active
request SDLC AMRAAM IMU Ports 21 general purpose
I/O Extrenal 10MHz input
<60s <1s <1s 1 RS-232 NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz, DS-101 9, 600 - 115, 200 -45 to +85 11V-14V <4.0W 3.3V Very Low Phase Noise and very good ADEV, with
KeyFill Port Small and Ultra Low Power MicroGRAM SAASM
GPS with Y(P), C/A code
<35s <1s <1s 3 TTL, USB, Motorola Binary, SCPI, NMEA, 9, 600 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 3V/5V 180mW 3V to 5V Form, Fit, Function compatible replacement and
Status, 10MHz, 1PPS upgrade for Motorola/iLotus M12M and M12
+GPS receiver. Adds GLONASS, BeiDou, and
SBAS capability
<60s <1s <1s 1 RS-232 NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz, DS-101 9, 600 - 115, 200 -45 to +85 8.V-16V <1.0W 3.3V Ultra Small and Ultra Low Power SAASM GPS
KeyFill Port with Y(P), C/A code, and Chip Scale Cesium
Atomic Clock.
<35s <1s <1s 3 RS-232, RS-422, USB, NMEA, Status, 9, 600 - 115, 200 -40 to +70 8V to 36V 5.6W 5V Ruggedized, enclosued Disciplined Rubidium
10MHz, 1PPS Concurrent-GNSS Oscillator with ultra low Phase
Noise and ADEV performance
<35s <1s <1s 2 TTL NMEA, Status, 10MHz, 1PPS 38400 -20 to +85 3.3V <0.2W 3.3V to 5V LTE Small Cell optimized SMT frequency/timing
and GPS module, very low cost, Size, Weight,
and Power,
<45s <1s <1s 2 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 5V <0.45W 5V Very Low Power Chip Scale Cesium Atomic Clock
with GPS Disciplining
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 11-14V <3.5W 5V Built-In 10MHz Distribution Amplifier, 3-Axis
Accelerometer, low-g option
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 8-14V <1.4W 3.3V Ultra small and light GPS Disciplined Oscillator
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10/25/50/100MHz, 1PPS 115, 200 -20 to +85 11-14V <3.5W 5V Adds four 25MHz LVDS outputs (50MHz option),
a 100MHz output, and a 10MHz output
<45s <1s <1s 2 TTL/USB NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz 9600bps async -30 to +70 5V <2.5W 3.3V/5V Trimble Mini-T Legacy Replacement unit
with improved phase noise, ADEV, and wider
temp-range
<45s <1s <1s 1 TTL NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz 9, 600 - 115, 200 -35 to +75 3.3V <0.55W 5V Socketable Low Cost GPSDO module with 1 inch
square footprint and 10MHz output
<60s <1s <1s 1 RS-232 NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz, DS-101 9, 600 - 115, 200 -45 to +85 11V-14V <4.0W 3.3V Very Low Phase Noise and very good ADEV, with
KeyFill Port Small and Ultra Low Power MicroGRAM SAASM
GPS with Y(P), C/A code
<60s <1s <1s 1 RS-232 NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz, DS-101 9, 600 - 115, 200 -45 to +85 8.V-16V <1.0W 3.3V Ultra Small and Ultra Low Power SAASM GPS
KeyFill Port with Y(P), C/A code, and Chip Scale Cesium
Atomic Clock.
<35s <1s <1s 2 TTL NMEA, Status, 10MHz, 1PPS 38400 -20 to +85 3.3V <0.2W 3.3V to 5V LTE Small Cell optimized SMT frequency/timing
and GPS module, very low cost, Size, Weight,
and Power,

Low Power HD CSAC 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOT2 2 x 2.5 x 0.5in <2oz <2m RMS <15ns RMS 1Hz
(Chip Scale Cesium Atomic
Clock) SWAP optimized
GPSDO
FireFly-IIA 10MHz GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.5 x 3 x 1in 1.74oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
FireFly-1A 10MHz GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.0 x 2.5 x 0.5in 0.64oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
ULN-2550 25MHz / 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 1.5 x 3.5 x 0.8in 1.8oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
100MHz / 10MHz GPSDO
Mini-JLT GPSDO 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 5.05 x 1.38 x 0.7in 2oz <2m RMS <15ns RMS 1Hz
LC_XO GPSDO 10MHz 50 par. L1, C/A, WAAS, EGNOS, SBAS 50 ADLMMETNOTV2 0.97 x 0.97 x 0.5 <1oz <2m RMS <30ns RMS 1Hz
Japan Radio Co., Ltd. GPS9 Series: CCA-700 16 channels +search channel GPS / QZSS / Galileo 16 CHLMNPV2 12.4 x 2.5 x 0.7g (approx) 2.3m typ. / 2.0m typ. / na (CEP) na 1Hz
www.jrc.co.jp/eng/ 12.4mm
GPS10Series: CCA-800 23channels +search channel GPS / QZSS / GLONASS / BeiDou / Galileo 23 CHLMNPV2 12.4 x 2.5 x 0.7g (approx) 2.3m typ. / 2.0m typ. / na (CEP) na 1Hz
12.4mm
JAVAD GNSS TRIUMPH-LS 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1GHLMTNPROMet 183 x 124 x 2100g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
www.javad.com / E5B / AltBoc; GLONASS CA / L2C / P1 / P2 / 106mm +0.1 ppm
L3; SBAS L1 / L5; QZSS CA / L1C / L2C / L5 /
SAIF; BeiDou B1 / B2
TRIUMPH-1M 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 178 x 96 x 178mm 1700g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
/ E5B / AltBoc; GLONASS CA / L2C / P1 / P2 / +0.1 ppm
TRIUMPH-NT 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1GHLMTNPROMet 176 x 126 x 62mm 1100g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
TRIUMPH-2 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; GLONASS CA / L2C / all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 85 x 61 x 132mm 560g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
P1 / P2; SBAS L1; +0.1 ppm
OMEGA 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 125 x 65 x 170mm 1300g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
/ E5B / AltBoc / E6; GLONASS CA / L2C / P1 / +0.1 ppm
P2 / L3; SBAS L1 / L5; QZSS CA / L1C / L2C /
L5 / SAIF / LEX; BeiDou B1 / B2 / B3
SIGMA-3 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1270g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
DELTA- 3 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 160mm 420g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
TRE- 3 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80mm 87g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
SIGMA-3N 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1270g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
DELTA- 3N 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 160mm 420g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
TRE- 3N 864 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80mm 87g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
SigmaQM 864 4x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 4x Galileo E1; 4x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1330g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
Glonass CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 4x SBAS L1; 4x +0.1 ppm
QZSS CA / SAIF / L2C / L1C; 4x BeiDou B1
DELTAQM 864 4x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 4x Galileo E1; 4x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 169mm 454g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
QZSS CA / SAIF / L2C / L1C; 4x BeiDou E1
TRE-QUATTRO 864 4x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 4x Galileo E1; 4x all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 120 x 14mm 130g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
Alpha G3 216 GPS CA; Galileo E1; GLONASS CA; SBAS L1; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 430g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
QZSS CA / SAIF / L1C; BeiDou E1 +1.5ppm
Alpha G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 435g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
SBAS L1 / L5; QZSS CA / SAIF / L2C / L5 / +0.1 ppm
L1C; BeiDou E1
Alpha G3T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 448g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
GLONASS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; SBAS L1 / L5; +0.1 ppm
QZSS CA / SAIF / L2C / L5 / L1C; BeiDou E1
Alpha2-G3 216 GPS CA; Galileo E1; GLONASS CA; SBAS L1; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 430g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
QZSS CA / SAIF / L1C; BeiDou E1 +1.5 ppm
Alpha2-G2 216 GPS CA; Galileo E1; SBAS L1; QZSS CA / all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 415g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
SAIF / L1C; BeiDou E1 +1.5 ppm
Alpha2-G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 435g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
L1C; BeiDou E1
Alpha2-G3T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 148 x 85 x 35mm 448g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
Delta G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 169mm 394g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
L1C; BeiDou E1
Delta D-G2 216 2x GPS CA; 2x Galileo E1; 2x SBAS L1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 169mm 414g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
QZSS CA / SAIF / L1C; 2x BeiDou E1 +0.1 ppm
Delta D-G2D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 169mm 414g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
SBAS L1; 2x QZSS CA / SAIF / L2C / L1C; +0.1 ppm
2x BeiDou E1
Delta D-G3D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 109 x 35 x 169mm 414g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
Sigma G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1270g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
L1C; BeiDou E1
Sigma D-G2 216 2x GPS CA; 2x Galileo E1; 2x SBAS L1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1290g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
Sigma D-G2D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1290g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
2x BeiDou E1
Sigma D-G3D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 1AGLMTNPROMet 132 x 61 x 190mm 1290g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
TR-G2 216 GPS CA; Galileo E1; SBAS L1; QZSS CA / all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 55 x 40 x 13mm 21g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
SAIF / L1C; BeiDou E1 +1.5 ppm
TR-G3 216 GPS CA; Galileo E1; GLONASS CA; SBAS L1; all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 57 x 66 x 12mm 34g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
QZSS CA / SAIF / L1C; BeiDou E1 +1.5 ppm
TR-G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 57 x 66 x 12mm 34g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
L1C; BeiDou E1
TR-G3T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 57 x 88 x 12mm 47g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
TRE-G2T 216 GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C / L5; Galileo E1 / E5A; all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80 x 14mm 70g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
L1C; BeiDou E1
Duo-G2 216 2x GPS CA; 2x Galileo E1; 2x SBAS L1; 2x all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80 x 14mm 90g <2m / <0.5m / 1.5cm +2 ppm / 0.5cm 3 100Hz
Duo-G2D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80 x 14mm 90g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
2x BeiDou E1
Duo-G3D 216 2x GPS CA / P1 / P2 / L2C; 2x Galileo E1; 2x all in view 2AGLMTNPROMet 100 x 80 x 14mm 90g <2m / <0.5m / 1cm +1 ppm / 0.3cm 3 100Hz
John Deere StarFire 6000 255 GNSS channels includes GPS - L1 / L2 / L5; GLONASS - G1 / G2; All-In-View WP, LNOPR1, Precision Ag 22 x 18.6 x 28.5 2.8kg SF1: -Precision: 1m 95% 2D -Pass to na 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz (user
www.Deere.com 3 L-Band channels Beiduo - B1 / B2; Galileo - E1 / E5a / E5b; Pass: 15cm 95% 1D SF3: -Precision: 3cm programmable)
StarFire L-Band; SBAS; QZSS 95% 2D -Pass to Pass: 3cm 95% 1D RTK:
-Precision: 0.8cm +1ppm 68% 2D -Pass to
Pass: 2.5cm 95% 1D at 20K

(degrees Celsius)
<45s <1s <1s 2 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 5V <0.45W 5V Very Low Power Chip Scale Cesium Atomic Clock
with GPS Disciplining
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 11-14V <3.5W 5V Built-In 10MHz Distribution Amplifier, 3-Axis
Accelerometer, low-g option
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10MHz, 1PPS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +85 8-14V <1.4W 3.3V Ultra small and light GPS Disciplined Oscillator
<45s <1s <1s 1 RS-232, Alarm, 10/25/50/100MHz, 1PPS 115, 200 -20 to +85 11-14V <3.5W 5V Adds four 25MHz LVDS outputs (50MHz option),
a 100MHz output, and a 10MHz output
<45s <1s <1s 2 TTL/USB NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz 9600bps async -30 to +70 5V <2.5W 3.3V/5V Trimble Mini-T Legacy Replacement unit
with improved phase noise, ADEV, and wider
temp-range
<45s <1s <1s 1 TTL NMEA-0183, SCPI, 10MHz 9, 600 - 115, 200 -35 to +75 3.3V <0.55W 5V Socketable Low Cost GPSDO module with 1 inch
square footprint and 10MHz output
35s typ. 33s typ. 3s typ. (within 5s 1 1 UART 480 Mbps 480 Mbps 10/100 Mbps -40 to +85 ext 140mW @3.3V Active, Includes Pre-amplifier Galileo: Hardware Ready
block out) 54 Mps 2 Mbps
35s typ. 8s typ. 2s typ. 1 1 UART 2400bps 4800bps 9600bps -40 to +85 ext 150mW @3.3V Active, Includes Pre-amplifier
19200bps 38400bps
<35s <5s <1s 1111111111 USB 2.0 Host USB 2.0 Device Ethernet 480 Mbps; 480 Mbps; 10/100 Mbps; -30 to +55 ext/int 8 int/ext 16GB internal memory, microSD card slot, UHF/
Wi-Fi Bluetooth; 1PPS (optional) Event Marker 65 Mps; 2 Mbps FH radio, 4G/LTE card, 800x480 colour TFT LCD,
(optional) Ext. Frq In/Out (optional) J-FIELD SOFTWARE
<35s <5s <1s 2111111111 RS-232 USB 2.0 Ethernet Wi-Fi Bluetooth 480 kbps; 480 Mbps; 10/100 Mbps; -40 to +60 ext/int 4.5 int/ext 16GB internal memory, microSD card slot, UHF/
1PPS (optional) Event Marker (optional) Ext. 54 Mps; 2 Mbps FH radio, 4G/LTE card
Ant. (optional)
<35s <5s <1s 1111111 USB OTG Wi-Fi; Bluetooth; 1PPS (optional); 480 Mbps; 65 Mbps; 2 Mbps -30 to +55 ext/int 7.5 ext 16GB internal memory, microSD card slot, UHF/
Event Marker (optional) Ext. Freq In/Out FH radio, 4G/LTE card, 800x480 colour TFT LCD,
(optional) J-FIELD SOFTWARE
<35s <5s <1s 111 USB; Wi-Fi; Bluetooth 12 Mbps; 54 Mps; 2 Mbps -40 to +60 ext/int 2.5 int 2048MB memory
<35s <5s <1s 22211111111 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; 460.8kbps; 460.8kbps; 480Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 9 E 16GB memory, UHF/FH radio, Cellullar module, In
Wi-Fi; CAN; 1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG; Ext. 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps; 1Mps Band Interference Rejection
Freq In/Out
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8kbps; 460.8kbps; 480Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 9 ext 16GB memory, UHF/FH radio, 4G/LTE cellullar
1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps, 55 module, In Band Interference Rejection
Mbps; 1Mps
<35s <5s <1s 32111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN (optional); 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -40 to +70 ext 8 ext 16GB memory
1PPS (optional); Event Marker (optional); IRIG 10/100 Mbps; 1 Mps
(optional); Ext. Freq In/Out (optional)
<35s <5s <1s 32111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN (optional); 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -40 to +70 ext 8 ext 16GB memory
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8kbps; 460.8kbps; 480Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 5.5 ext 16GB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellullar module;
1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps; 1Mps In Band Interference Rejection
<35s <5s <1s 32111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN (optional); 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -40 to +70 ext 4.5 ext 16GB memory In Band Interference Rejection
<35s <5s <1s 32111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN (optional); 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -40 to +70 ext 4.5 ext 16GB memory In Band Interference Rejection
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8 kbps; 12 Mbps; 1 Mps -35 to +75 ext/int 8 ext 16GB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellular module
1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG
<35s <5s <1s 31111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN; 1PPS; 460.8kbps; 460.8kbps; 480Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 7.2 ext 16GB memory
Event Marker; IRIG 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps; 1Mps
<35s <5s <1s 221222111 RS232; RS232/RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event Up to 115.2 k -40 to +65 ext 7.2 ext 16GB memory
Marker; IRIG; Ethernet
11111 RS232; USB/RS232; Bluetooth; 1PPS/IRIG; 460.8 kbps; 12 Mbps; 2 Mbps -35 to +75 ext/int 1.8 ext 256MB memory; GSM/GPRS modem
Event Marker
Event Marker
Event Marker
11111 RS232; USB/RS232; Bluetooth; 1PPS/IRIG; 460.8 kbps; 12 Mbps; 2 Mbps -35 to +75 ext 1.6 ext 256MB memory;
Event Marker
<35s <5s <1s 11111 RS232; USB/RS232; Bluetooth; 1PPS/IRIG; 460.8 kbps; 12 Mbps; 2 Mbps -35 to +75 ext 1.4 ext 256MB memory;
Event Marker
11111 RS232; USB/RS232; Bluetooth; 1PPS/IRIG; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps, 480 Mbps, -35 to +75 ext 1.7 ext 256MB memory
Event Marker 10/100 Mbps, 1 Mps
11111 RS232; USB/RS232; Bluetooth; 1PPS/IRIG; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 2.4 ext 256MB memory
Event Marker 10/100 Mbps; 1 Mps
<35s <5s <1s 31111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; CAN; 1PPS; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 2.5 ext 2048MB memory
Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out 10/100 Mbps; 1 Mps
Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps; 1 Mps
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 3.3 ext 2048MB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellular module
1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out 10/100 Mbps; 2 Mbps; 1 Mps
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 3 ext 2048MB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellular module
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext/int 3 ext 2048MB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellular Module
<35s <5s <1s 211111221 RS232; RS422; USB; Ethernet; Bluetooth; CAN; 2 Mbps -35 to +75 ext/int 4.7 ext 2048MB memory; UHF/FH radio; Cellular module
1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG/Ext. Freq In/Out
<35s <5s <1s 211111 RS232; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event Marker; IRIG 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 12 -35 to +75 ext 1.2 ext 256MB memory
Mbps; 1 Mps
<35s <5s <1s 211111 RS232; RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 12 -35 to +75 ext 1.4 ext 256MB memory
Marker; IRIG Mbps; 1 Mps
<35s <5s <1s 211111 RS232; RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 1.5 ext 256MB memory
Marker; IRIG 1 Mps; 10/100 Mbps
<35s <5s <1s 211111 RS232; RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 2.2 ext 256MB memory
Marker; IRIG 1 Mps; 10/100 Mbps
<35s <5s <1s 22122211 RS232; RS232/RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event 460.8 kbps; 460.8 kbps; 480 Mbps; -35 to +75 ext 2.5 ext 2048MB memory
Marker; IRIG; Ethernet; Ext. Freq In/Out 1 Mps; 10/100 Mbps
Marker; IRIG; Ethernet 1 Mps; 10/100 Mbps
Marker; IRIG; Ethernet 1 Mps; 10/100 Mbps
<35s <5s <1s 22122211 RS232; RS232/RS422; USB; CAN; 1PPS; Event Up to 115.2 k -40 to +85 ext 3.9 ext 2048MB memory
Marker; IRIG; Ethernet
70s 65s 40s 6 3 x RS232; 1 x Can Bus; 1 x USB; 1 x Ethernet; 2, 400 - 230, 400 -40 to +70 9 to 26V DC 5W int dipole, ext Integrated 6-axis terrain compensation,
simulated ground-speed radar; 1PPS proprietary RTK Extend operating mode,
compatibility with space-based differential
corrections network (StarFire)

Leica Geosystems AG iCON gps 60 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Flexible configuration: AGLMNR1 197 x 197 x H 1.45kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
www.leica-geosystems.com Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 130mm
B1, B2, SBAS
iCON gps 80 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Flexible configuration: AGLMNRV1 180 x 153 x 85mm 2.25kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2
B1, B2, SBAS
Viva GS08plus 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: L1, L2, SBAS Flexible configuration: GLMNR1 D 186mm x H 0.7kg 2-3m / 25cm / 10mm +1ppm / 3mm < 20 5Hz
120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 71mm +0.5ppm
Viva GS10 555 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Up to 283 GLMNR1 166 x 79 x 212mm 1.20kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou B1,
B2, SBAS, L-band; Software upgradeable
for future signals
Viva GS14 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: L1, L2, Galileo: Flexible configuration: GLMNR1 D 190mm x H 0.93kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
E1, E5b, BeiDou B1, B2, SBAS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 119mm
Viva GS15 555 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Up to 283 GLMNR1 D 198mm x H 1.34kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou B1, 196mm
for future signals
Viva GS16 555 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Up to 283 GLMNR1 D 198mm x H 1.34kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou B1, 196mm
for future signals
Viva GS25 555 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Up to 283 GLMNRT1 200 x 94 x 220mm 1.84kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou B1,
for future signals
Zeno 5 48 GPS: L1, ; SBAS 48 AGHLMNR1 158 x 78 x 38mm 0.375kg 2-5m / - / - / < 2.0 m < 20 1Hz
Zeno 20 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: L1, L2, Galileo Flexible configuration: AGHLMNR1 269 x 99 x 55mm 0.88kg 2-5m / 50cm / 5cm / 10mm +2ppm < 20 5Hz
E1, BeiDou B1, SBAS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2
Zeno GG03 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: L1, L2, Galileo Flexible configuration: AGLMNR1 D 186mm x H 0.7kg 2-5m / 40cm / 10mm +2ppm / 10mm < 20 5Hz
E1, BeiDou B1, SBAS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 71mm +2ppm
Zeno CS25 GNSS 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, GLONASS: L1, L2, Galileo Flexible configuration: AGHLMNR1 144 x 242 x 40mm 1.4kg 2-5m / 50cm / 10cm / 10mm +2ppm < 20 5Hz
E1, BeiDou B1, SBAS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2
GR30 555 GPS: L1, L2P, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2P, All in view GLMMetOPR1 190 x 78 x 210mm 1.50kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
L2C; Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC; BeiDou
B1, B2; QZSS L1, L2C, L5; SBAS; software
upgradeable for future signals
GR50 BT 555 GPS: L1, L2P, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2P, All in view GLMMetOPR1 190 x 78 x 210mm 1.84kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
GR50 WLAN 555 GPS: L1, L2P, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2P, All in view GLMMetOPR1 190 x 78 x 210mm 1.84kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
GMX902 GNSS 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5, GLONASS: L1, L2, Flexible configuration: MetOP1 167 x 123 x 40mm 0.8kg 2-3m / na / na / 3mm +0.5ppm < 20 20Hz
Galileo E1, E5a, E5b, Alt-BOC, BeiDou, 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2
QZSS, SBAS
GMX910 555 GPS: L1, L2P, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2P, All in view AGLMNR1 D 186mm x H 0.7kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.5ppm < 20 10Hz
L2C Beidou: B1, B2 QZSS: L1, L2C, L5 71mm
GM30 555 GPS: L1, L2P, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2P, All in view GLMMetOPR1 190 x 78 x 210mm 1.50kg 2-3m / 25cm / 8mm +1ppm / 3mm +0.1ppm < 20 20Hz
Microwave Photonic Systems OFW 3478 / GPS - RF ALL Satellites in View GLONASS, Galileo, GPS L1C/A, L2, L5 GPS ALL Satellites in View ADGLMMetNPRSTV1 12 x 10 x 6in 1U x 12lb ~10m / LAAS: <0.5m <<50ns 10Hz PVT, 1Hz ARINC
www.b2bphotonics.com Fiber Optic Antenna 19 x 14
for GPS
NavCom Technology, Inc. Onyx 255 par. L1, L2, L2C, L5, G1, G2, E1, E5a, E5b, B1, 252 GNSS; +3 StarFire DAGLMNPRTV2 3.94 x 2.39 x 1oz 2m / 45cm +ppm / 1cm +0.5ppm / 0.5cm +/-13ns (1PPS) 1Hz 25Hz (user
www.navcomtech.com B2, B3, QZSS 0.52in +0.5ppm) programmable)
Sapphire 66 par. L1, L2, L5, G1 & G2 66 GNSS; +1 StarFire DAGLMNPRTV2 4.73 x 3.94 x 4oz 2m / 45cm +ppm / 1cm +0.5ppm / 0.5cm +/-13ns (1PPS) 1Hz 100Hz (user
0.43in +0.5ppm) programmable)
SF-3050 66 par. L1, L2, L5, G1 & G2 66 GNSS; +1 StarFire DAGLMNPRTV1 6.47 x 4.60 x 1.1lb as above +/-13ns (1PPS) 1Hz 100Hz (user
2.37in programmable)
SF-3040 66 par. L1, L2, L5, G1 & G2 66 GNSS; +1 StarFire3 DAGLMNPRTV1 8 x 4.36in 3.2lb as above na 1Hz 10Hz (user
programmable)
Nottingham Scientific Ltd Stereo Arch. dependent, Dual frequency: L1 / E1 / B1 / L1OC or L1OF Arch. Dependent HNVCMD2 12.5 x 8 x 3cm 0.15kg ~10m / na / na ~50ns configurable, 50Hz max
www.nsl.eu.com configurable plus L5 / E5A / B2 or E5B / L3OC or E6 / B3 or
L2C / L2OC or L2OF or QZSS LEX
Detector Arch. dependent, L1 / E1 / B1 / L1OC as standard. Configurable 16 DGMPT2 22 x 12 x 8cm 1kg na na na

configurable to E1 PRS, L5 / E5A / B2, E5B / L3OC E6 / B3,
E6 PRS, L2C / L2OC, L2OF, QZSS LEX
NovAtel OEMStar 14 GPS: L1; GLONASS: L1; SBAS; 14 channels ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 13mm 18g 1.5m / 0.5m DGPS / 0.7m SBAS 20 10Hz max
www.novatel.com configurable between
GPS, GLONASS
& SBAS
OEM615 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, ; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; ADGHLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 11mm 24g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 50Hz max GNSS
E1; BeiDou, B1; SBAS, QZSS; 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed only, 200Hz max
(All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
OEM617 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, ; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; ADGHLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 11mm 24g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 50Hz max GNSS
E1, E5b; BeiDou, B1, B2; SBAS, QZSS; 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed only, 200Hz max
OEM617D 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, ; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 11mm 24g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 50Hz max GNSS
OEM628 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 60 x 100 x 9.1mm 37g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b AltBOC; BeiDou, B1, B2; 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
SBAS, QZSS; L-band post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
OEM628E 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 60 x 100 x 9.1mm 37g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
Galileo: E1, E5b; BeiDou, B1, B2, B3; SBAS, 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
QZSS; L-band post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
OEM638 240 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 85 x 125 x 14.3mm 37g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b AltBOC; BeiDou B1, B2; 240 L1, 120 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
OEM625S 144 GPS SPS: L1 (C/A), L2 (semi-codeless), Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 60 x 100 x 15.1mm 56g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 20Hz max
L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; SBAS; GPS PPS: 60 L1 / L2 SPS, 24 L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed
L1(Y), L2(Y) / L2 PPS (All values in Horiz. RMS)
OEM719 555 GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2, Flexible configuration: ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 11mm 31g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
L2C, L3, L5; Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b AltBOC, E6; ; 283 Single frequency, PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
BeiDou B1, B2, B3; SBAS L1, L5; QZSS L1, 149 Dual, 105 Triple post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
L1C, L2C, L5, L6; L-band
OEM7600 555 GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, Flexible configuration: ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 35 x 55 x 11mm 20g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
L2, L2C, L3, L5; Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b AltBOC; ; 283 Single frequency, PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
BeiDou B1, B2; SBAS L1, L5; QZSS L1, L1C, 149 Dual, 82 Triple post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
L2C, L5; L-band
ProPak6 240 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2, L2C; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 190 x 185 x 75mm 1.79kg 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b AltBOC; BeiDou B1, B2; 240 L1, 120 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max

(degrees Celsius)
<80s <80s 0.5s 6 1 combined RS-232/PWR in/PWR out, 1 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 6.0 int/ext (e.g., CGA60) Triple frequency construction RTK GNSS
UART &USB, 1 TNC, 1 QN; 1 USB Host; 1 receiver; including built in Display and Keyboard;
UART&USB; 1 Bluetooth external GNSS antenna support to be used on a
construction machine
<80s <80s 0.5s 8 2 CAN combined Data/PWIR in; 1 combined 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext 8.0 ext (e.g., CGA60) Triple Frequency, Dual Position/Heading GNSS
RS-232/PWR in/t; 1 combined RS-232/PWR out; RTK Receiver designed for Machine Control
1 Ethernet; 4 TNC; 1 USB Host; 1 UART&USB; Applications. High speed 4G modem integrated
1 Bluetooth; 1 PPS by default, built-in display and keyboard.
50s 35s 0.5s 2 Combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 1 Bluetooth 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 2.0 int Dual frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
40s 35s 0.5s 4 2 RS-232, 1 Combined (RS-232, USB), 1 Power, 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 3.2 AR10/AS10 triple frequency or Multi-frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
1 TNC, 1 Bluetooth AR25/AR20 choke ring
50s 35s 0.5s 2 1 RS-232, 1 combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 2.0 int Triple frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS
1 Bluetooth receiver
40s 35s 0.5s 4 1 RS-232, 1 combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 1 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 3.2 int Multi-frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
UART &USB, 1 Bluetooth
40s 35s 0.5s 4 1 RS-232, 1 combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 1 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 3.2 int Multi-frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
UART &USB, 1 Bluetooth
40s 35s 0.5s 9 2 RS-232, 1 Combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 3.4 AR10/AS10 triple frequency or Multi-frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
1 UART&USB, 1 USB A, 1 Mini USB, 1 PPS, 1 AR25/AR20 choke ring
Event, 1 Power, 1 TNC, 1 Bluetooth
<120s * <35s* <10s 2 1 Bluetooth, 1 USB (SnapOn module) ext/int 1.3 int Single Frequency Handheld GPS receiver
50s 35s 0.5s 4 1 Bluetooth, Wireless LAN, Combined 2, 400 - 115, 200 -30 to +60 ext/int 1.6 int/ext Dual Frequency Handheld geodetic and RTK
(MicroUSB client, Power), USB A Host GNSS receiver
50s 35s 0.5s 2 Combined (RS-232, Power, USB), 1 Bluetooth 100 Kbps ARINC -55 to +80 ext/int 2.0 int Dual frequency geodetic and RTK GNSS receiver
50s 35s 0.5s 5 2 USB, 1 RS-232, LAN, Power, 1 Bluetooth RS232: 9.6kbps - 115kbps; -40 to +85 ext/int 7-10 int/ext Dual Frequency Handheld geodetic and RTK
USB: up to 12Mbps; Ethernet: GNSS receiver
up to 100Mbps; Bluetooth: up to
230.4kbps
40s 30s < 0.5s 5 1 (2 port) power, 1 RS-232, UART, USB, TNC, 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext 3.1 to 3.5 AR10/AS10 triple frequency or Permanent multi-frequency GNSS receiver
Ethernet, ext oscillator AR25/AR20 choke ring with Ethernet.
40s 30s 0.5s 8 1 (2 port) power, 2 RS-232, 1 UART, 2 USB 2, 400 - 230, 400 -40 to +65 ext/int/poe 2.8 to 3.3 AR10/AS10 or AR25/AR20 choke Reference station and scientific multi-frequency
(client / host), 1 Ethernet with POE, 1 Bluetooth ring triple frequency GNSS receiver with Ethernet & Bluetooth
(plus TNC, PPS, Event, Oscillator)
40s 30s 0.5s 8 1 (2 port) power, 2 RS-232, 1 UART, 2 USB 2, 400 - 230, 400 -40 to +65 ext/int/poe 2.8 to 3.3 AR10/AS10 or AR25/AR20 choke Reference station and scientific multi-frequency
(client / host), 1 Ethernet with POE, 1 WLAN ring triple frequency GNSS receiver with Ethernet & WLAN
(plus TNC, PPS, Event, Oscillator)
50s 35s 0.5s 2 2 RS-232, 2 Power, 1 TNC, 1 PPS output 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext 1.7 AR10/AS10 triple frequency or Triple frequency GNSS receiver for structural
AR25/AR20 choke ring monitoring
40s 30s 0.5s 1 Combined (RS-232, Power) 4, 800 - 230, 400 -40 to +65 ext 2.0 int Single or multi- frequency geodetic and RTK
GNSS SmartAntenna for structural monitoring
40s 30s 0.5s 5 1 (2 port) power, 1 RS-232, UART, USB, TNC, 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext 3.1 to 3.5 AR10/AS10 triple frequency or Permanent multi-frequency GNSS receiver w/
Ethernet, ext osc AR25/AR20 choke ring Ethernet for monitoring
<<75s <20s <1s 1 8 I/P, 3 O/P ARINC H/L; 1 RS-232 RS232: 9.6kbps - 115kbps; -40 to +70 ext 14W Active, RTCA DO-228 Change ARINC-743 Compliant sensor
USB: up to 12Mbps; Ethernet: 1 compliant
up to 100Mbps; Bluetooth: up to
230.4kbps
<60s <50s <20s 2 +SPI bus 2 x RS232 RS232: 9.6kbps - 115kbps; -40 to +702 free-air ext 2.6W typical Crossed dipole (ER) Latest generation of John Deere technology
ambient. Higher ambient
temperature operation
is possible if proper
heat sinking is applied
to ensure that no
components exceed 85C
case temperature.
<60s <50s <20s 5 4 x RS232 RS232: 9.6kbps - 115kbps; -40 to +85 ext 4W typical Crossed dipole (ER) Previous generation of John Deere technology
<60s <50s <20s 5 2 x RS232 (1 configurable to RS422); 1 x USB RS232: 9.6kbps - 115kbps; -40 to +71 ext < 6W Crossed dipole (ER) Integrated StarFire/RTK Extend multi-frequency
2.0 (host or device); 1 x Ethernet (10T/100T); USB: up to 12Mbps; Ethernet: receivers
1 x Bluetooth up to 100Mbps; Bluetooth: up to
230.4kbps
<60s <50s <20s 5 2 x RS232 (1 configurable to RS422); 1 x USB RS232: 4.8kbps - 115kbps; USB: -10 to +60 hot swappable batteries < 6W Crossed dipole (ER) Integrated StarFire/RTK Extend multi-frequency
2.0 (device); 1 x Bluetooth up to 12Mbps; Bluetooth: up to receivers
230.4kbps
<40s <35s <2s Arch. IP, USB Fully configurable ext Arch. dependent ext Dual frequency GNSS front end covering all
dependent signals and frequencies to be used with software
defined radio GNSS receiver (eg GNSS-SDR and
GNSS-SDRLIB).
<40s <35s <2s Arch. IP, USB, 3G Fully configurable ext Arch. dependent ext GNSS signal interference detection and signal
dependent profiling receiver. Outputs interference type,
characteristics and digital structure for threat
analysis, impact analysis and injection into live or
simulated signals.
65s 35s <1.0s 3 2 x LV-TTL; 1 x USB2.0 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 230, -40 to +85 3.15 to 5.25VDC 0.36W GPS; 0.45W Active (E) RoHS-compliant; GL1DE and PDP software
400 bps; ; 12 Mbps GLONASS features available
50s 35s 0.5s 6 3 x LV-TTL; 2 x CAN ; 1 x USB2.0; 1 x PPS; 300 to 921, 600 bps; 1 Mbps; -40 to +85 3.3VDC 1W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, GL1DE, PDP, RAIM,
2 x Event In ; 12 Mbps ALIGN and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 6 3 x LV-TTL; 2 x CAN ; 1 x USB2.0; 1 x PPS; 300 to 921, 600 bps; 1 Mbps; -40 to +85 3.3VDC 1W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, GL1DE, PDP, RAIM,
2 x Event In ; 12 Mbps ALIGN and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 6 3 x LV-TTL; 2 x CAN ; 1 x USB2.0; 1 x PPS; 300 to 921, 600 bps; 1 Mbps; -40 to +85 3.3VDC 1W (typical) Active (E) Dual Antenna Heading/ALIGN RoHS-compliant;
2 x Event In ; 12 Mbps RTK, GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN and SPAN
software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 7 1 x RS-232 or RS-422; 2 x LV-TTL; 2 x CAN ; 1 x 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 921, -40 to +85 3.3VDC 1.3W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, L-Band, TerraStar C
USB2.0 ; 1 x Ethernet ; 1 x PPS; 2 x Event In; 600 bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; 12 (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN
Mbps; 5 Mbps and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 7 1 x RS-232 or RS-422; 2 x LV-TTL; 2 x CAN ; 1 x 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 921, -40 to +85 3.3VDC 1.3W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, L-Band, TerraStar C
USB2.0 ; 1 x Ethernet ; 1 x PPS; 2 x Event In; 600 bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; 12 (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN
Mbps; 5 Mbps and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 12 2 x RS-232 or RS-422; 3 x LV-TTL, 2 x CAN ; 2 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 921, -40 to +85 3.3VDC 2.8W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, L-Band, TerraStar C
x USB2.0; 1 x Ethernet, 1 x IMU; 1 x PPS; 4 x 600 bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; ; 1 (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN
Event In; 7 x Event Out Mbps; 12 Mbps; 5 Mbps and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 5 2 x RS-232, 2 x LV-TTL, 1 x USB2.0, 1 x key fill 300 to 921, 600 bps, 12 Mbps -40 to +85 3.3VDC 2.2W (typical) Active (E) RTK, RAIM, and ALIGN software features
available
40s 35s 0.5s 6 3 x LVCMOS, 2 x CAN ; 1 x USB2.0; 1 x PPS; 2 300 to 460, 800 bps; ; 1 Mbps; 12 -40 to +85 3.3VDC 0.9W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, RTK ASSIST, L-Band,
x Event In; 1 x Event Out Mbps; 5 Mbps TerraStar C (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP,
STEADYLINE, RAIM, ALIGN, SPAN and
Interference Toolkit software features available
40s 35s 0.5s 7 1 x RS-232 or RS-422; 2 x LVCMOS; 2 x CAN 300 to 460, 800 bps; 300 to 460, 800 -40 to +85 3.3VDC 0.9W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, RTK ASSIST, L-Band,
; 1 x USB2.0 ; 1 x Ethernet ; 1 x PPS; 2 x Event bps; 1 Mbps; 12 Mbps; 5 Mbps TerraStar C (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP,
In; 1 x Event Out STEADYLINE, RAIM, ALIGN, SPAN and
40s 35s 0.5s 10 5 x LVCMOS, 2 x CAN ; 2 x USB2.0; 1 x 300 to 460, 800 bps; ; 1 Mbps; 12 -40 to +85 3.3VDC 0.9W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, RTK ASSIST, L-Band,
Ethernet; 1 x PPS; 4 x Event In; 4 x Event Out Mbps; 5 Mbps TerraStar C (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP,
40s 35s 0.5s 10 5 x LVCMOS, 2 x CAN ; 2 x USB2.0; 1 x 300 to 460, 800 bps; ; 1 Mbps; 12 -40 to +85 3.3VDC 0.9W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, RTK ASSIST, L-Band,
Ethernet; 1 x PPS; 4 x Event In; 4 x Event Out Mbps; 5 Mbps TerraStar C (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP,
40s 35s 0.5s 10 5 x LVCMOS, 2 x CAN ; 2 x USB2.0; 1 x 300 to 460, 800 bps; ; 1 Mbps; 12 -40 to +85 3.2 to 5.0VDC 1.3W (typical) Active (E) Dual Antenna Heading/ALIGN RoHS-compliant;
Ethernet; 1 x PPS; 4 x Event In; 4 x Event Out Mbps; 5 Mbps RTK, RTK ASSIST, L-Band, TerraStar C
(PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, STEADYLINE,
RAIM, ALIGN, SPAN and Interference Toolkit
50s 35s 0.5s 7 3 x RS-232/RS-422 1 x IMU, 1 x USB 2.0 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 921, -40 to +75 (typical) +9 to +36V DC 3.5W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, ; L-Band, TerraStar C
host, 1x USB 2.0 device (high speed only), 1 600 bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; ; 1 (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN
x Ethernet, 1x CAN Bus 2, 4 x Event input, 4 x Mbps; 12 Mbps; 5 Mbps and SPAN software features available
Event output, 1 x Bluetooth, 1x Wi-Fi, 1 x Radio
GPRS/HSPA (optional)

FlexPak6 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2, L2C; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 45 x 147 x 113mm 337g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 100Hz max GNSS
Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b; AltBOC; BeiDou B1, B2; 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 200Hz max
SBAS; L-band post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
FlexPak6D 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, ; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 147 x 113 x 45mm 337g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 50Hz max GNSS
FlexPak-S 120 GPS SPS: L1 (C/A), L2 (semi-codeless), Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 147 113 45mm <400g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 20Hz max
L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; SBAS; GPS PPS: 60 L1 / L2 SPS, 24 L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed
L1(Y), L2(Y) / L2 PPS (All values in Horiz. RMS)
FlexPak-G2-Star 14 GPS: L1; GLONASS: L1; SBAS; 14 channels ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 45 x 147 x 113mm 313g 1.5m / 0.5m DGPS / 0.7m SBAS 20 10Hz max
configurable between
GPS, GLONASS
& SBAS
GPStation-6 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5; GLONASS: L1, L2; 40 L1 / L2 / L5 ALMetOT12 235 x 154 x 71mm 1.4kg 1.2m 20 50Hz max
Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b; AltBOC; BeiDou;
SBAS; QZSS
AG-STAR 14 GPS: L1; GLONASS: L1; SBAS; 14 channels DGLMMetNOPRTV12 155 D x 68mm H 490g 1.5m SP / 0.5m DGPS / 0.7m SBAS (All 20 10Hz max
configurable between values in Horiz. RMS)
GPS, GLONASS
& SBAS
SMART6-L 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; DGLMMetNOPRTV12 155 D x 81mm H 550g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 50Hz max
E1; Beidou: B1; SBAS; L-band 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm
post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS)
SMART6 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; Galileo: Flexible configuration: ; DGLMMetNOPRTV12 155 D x 81mm H 520g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 20Hz max
E1; Beidou: B1; SBAS 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed
(All values in Horiz. RMS)
SPAN-IGM-A1 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; SBAS; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 152 x 142 x 51mm 515g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 20Hz max GNSS
120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed only, 200Hz max
SPAN-IGM-S1 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2; SBAS; Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 152 x 142 x 51mm 540g 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.01m 20 20Hz max GNSS
120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm post processed only, 125Hz max
SPAN-CPT (OEM6) 120 GPS: L1, L2, L2C; GLONASS: L1, L2 ; BeiDou: Flexible configuration: ; ADGLMMetNOPRTV12 152 x 168 x 89mm 2.28kg 1.2m / 0.4m DGPS / 0.6m SBAS / 0.04m 20 20Hz max GNSS
B1, B2; SBAS; L-band 120 L1, 60 L1 / L2 PPP / 0.01m +1ppm RTK / 5mm +1 ppm only, 100Hz max
post processed (All values in Horiz. RMS) GNSS +INS
NVS Technologies AG NV08C-CSM 32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 ACGHLMNRTV2 20 x 26 x 2.5mm 5g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / na 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
www.nvs-gnss.com QZSS, GALILEO E1, BeiDou B1
NV08C-Mini PCI-E 32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 ACDGHLMNRV2 30 x 50.95 x 7g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / na 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
QZSS, GALILEO E1, BeiDou B1 4.2mm
NV08C-RTK 32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 ACDGHLMNRV2 46 x 71 x 7.30mm 17g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / 0.01m +1ppm 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
QZSS, GALILEO E1, BeiDou B1
NV08C-RTK -A 2x32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 ACDGHLMNRV2 46 x 71 x 7.30mm 21g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / 0.01m +1ppm 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
NV08C-RTK -M 96 par., All-in-view GPS: L1, L2 ; GLONASS: L1, L2; GALILEO E1; 96 ACDGHLMNRV2 46 x 71 x 8.1mm 30g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / 0.01m +1ppm 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
BeiDou: B1, B2; SBAS, QZSS
NV08C-CSM-BRD 32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 ACDGHLMNRV2 35 x 50 x 7.2mm 11g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / na 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
NV08C-CSM-N24HS 32 par., All-in-view GPS L1 C/A code, GLONASS L1, SBAS L1, 32 T2 20g RMS: <1.5m / <1m / na 15ns 1, 2, 5, 10Hz
ORCA Technologies, LLC GS-101B 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time, Frequency, Position - Static 4.07 x 1.06 x 1lb <9m 90% / 2m CEP 50% / na / na <100ns 1s
www.orcatechnologies.com or Mobile 4.72in
GS-102B 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time, Frequency, Position - Static 4.07 x 2.09 x 1lb <9m 90% / 2m CEP 50% / na / na <100ns 1s
or Mobile 4.72in
GS-102B-FPC 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time, Frequency, Position - Static 9.68 x 10.62 x 3lb <9m 90% / 2m CEP 50% / na / na <100ns 1s
or Mobile 4.88in
GS-301 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time and Frequency - Static 17.5 x 1.75 x 9.0in 5lb na <1us na
or Mobile
TTGM-101 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time and Frequency - Static 3.07 x 1.06 x 1lb na <1us na
or Mobile 4.72in
TS-101 12 parallel channels GPS L1 C/A code 12 Time and Frequency - Static 3.07 x 2.09 x 1lb na <1us na
or Mobile 4.72in
ORIGINGPS Hornet (ORG1415) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 4.8mm 3.5g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
www.origingps.com
Ultra-Sensitive Hornet 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 4.8mm 4.75g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
(ORG1418)
Hornetella (ORG1408) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 2.2mm 1.4g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Micro Hornet (ORG1410) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 10 x 10 x 5.8mm 2.5g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Multi Micro Hornet 52 GPS L1 C/A code / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 10 x 10 x 5.9mm 2.36g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
(ORG1510-R)
Multi Hornet (ORG1518-R) 52 GPS L1 C/A code / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 4.8mm 4.75g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Multi Micro Hornet 33 GPS L1 C/A code / GLONASS L1 / BEIDOU All in View CHNV2 10 x 10 x 6.1mm 2.4g <2.5m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr up to 10Hz
(ORG1510-MK)
Nano Hornet (ORG1411) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 10 x 10 x 3.8mm 1.5g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Multi SISO Hornet 52 GPS L1 / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 18.5 x 28.0 x 7 8g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
(ORG4502 )
Multi Hornetella (ORG1208) 32 GPS L1 / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 2.2 1.4g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr up to 10Hz
Multi Hornet (ORG1218) 32 GPS L1 / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 17 x 17 x 6 5g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr up to 10Hz
Spider (ORG4472) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 7 x 7 x 1.4mm 0.3g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Micro Spider (ORG4475) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 5.6 x 5.6 x 1.4mm 0.1g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Nano Spider (ORG4400) 48 GPS L1 C/A code All in View CHNV2 4.1 x 4.1 x 2.1mm 0.1g <4m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Multi Nano Spider 52 GPS L1 / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 4.1 x 4.1 x 2.1mm 0.1g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
(ORG4500)
Multi Micro Spider 33 GPS L1 C/A code / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 5.6 x 5.6 x 2.6mm 0.2g <2.5m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr up to 10Hz
(ORG 4033)
Multi Spider (4572) 52 GPS L1 / GLONASS L1 All in View CHNV2 7 x 7 x 1.4mm 0.2g <3m / nr / nr / nr (95%) nr 1Hz or 5Hz
Raytheon Anti-jam GPS Receiver 24/Continuous L1 - C/A, P / (Y), L2 - P / (Y) 8 DO1 6.5 x 2.2 x 9.0in 4lb <16 m / na / na / na <100 nr
www.raytheon.com (AGR)

(degrees Celsius)
50s 35s 0.5s 5 1 x RS-232, 1 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 x USB2.0, 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 230, -40 to +75 6 to 36VDC 1.8W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, L-Band, TerraStar C
1 x CAN, 1 x Ethernet 400 bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; 5 (PPP-RTK service), GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN
Mbps, 10/100 Mbps and SPAN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 4 1 x RS-232, 1 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 USB port 300 to 921, 600 bps; 1 Mbps; -40 to +85 +6 to +36VDC 1.9 W (typical) Active (E) Dual Antenna Heading/ALIGN RoHS-compliant;
; 12 Mbps RTK, GL1DE, PDP, RAIM, ALIGN and SPAN
50s 35s 0.5s 4 RS-232 up to 921, 600 bps, 1 RS-232 or RS-422 300 to 921, 600 bps, 12 Mbps -40 to +65 +9 to 36VDC 3.8W (typical) Active (E) RTK, RAIM, and ALIGN software features
up to 921, 600 bps, I/O Port (PPS, Event1, PV, available
VARF), DS-101 for key loading
65s 35s <1.0s 3 1 x RS-232; 1 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 x USB1.1 300 to 921, 600 bps; 300 to 230, 400 -40 to +75 6 to 18VDC 0.6W (typical); Active (E) RoHS-compliant; GL1DE and PDP software
bps; 300 to 230, 400 bps; 5 Mbps features available
60s 35s 0.5s 4 3 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 x USB2.0 300 to 230, 400 bps; ; 1 Mbps; -40 to +70 4.5 to 18VDC 6W (typical) Active (E) Multi-frequency multi-constellation GNSS
Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor
(GISTM); receiver. Provides 50Hz phase and
amplitude scintillation measurements (S4, ),
TEC and TEC phase.
85s 55s <1.0s 2 2 x RS-232; 1 x CAN NMEA2000; 1 x Bluetooth 300 to 230, 400 bps -40 to +75 8 to 36VDC 2.5W (typical) Patch RoHS-compliant; GL1DE software feature
(optional) available
50s 35s <1.0s 3 3 x RS-232; 1 x CAN NMEA2000; 1 x 300 to 921, 600 bps -40 to +75 8 to 36VDC 2.9W (typical) Pinwheel RoHS-compliant; RTK, L-Band, TerraStar C (PPP-
Emulated Radar RTK service), GLIDE, Dual Frequency GLIDE,
PDP, and ALIGN software features available
50s 35s <1.0s 3 3 x RS-232; 1 x CAN NMEA2000; 1 x Emulated 300 to 921, 600 bps; -40 to +70 8 to 36VDC 3.5W (typical) Pinwheel RoHS-compliant; Tilt Sensor and Bluetooth
Radar; 1 x Bluetooth Serial Port (optional) options, RTK, GLIDE, Dual Frequency GLIDE,
PDP, and ALIGN software features available
50s 35s 0.5s 4 1 x RS-232, 1 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 x 2400 to 921, 600 bps; 12 Mbps; -40 to +65 10 to 30VDC 4W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK software features available
USB2.0, 1 x CAN 1 Mbps
50s 35s 0.5s 4 1 x RS-232, 1 x RS-232 or RS-422, 1 x 2400 to 921, 600 bps; 12 Mbps; -40 to +65 10 to 30VDC 6W (typical) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK software features available
USB2.0, 1 x CAN 1 Mbps
50s 35s 0.5s 4 2 x RS-232 UART COM Port; 1 x CAN; 2400 to 921, 600 bps; 12 Mbps; -40 to +65 9 to 18VDC 16W (max) Active (E) RoHS-compliant; RTK, and TerraStar C (PPP-
1 x USB2.0 1 Mbps RTK service) software features available
25s 25s <1s 2 2xUART; 1xSPI; 1xTWI (I2C compatible); 1PPS 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 ext 180mW (GNSS); 120mW Active Fleet mgmt, Telematics & anti-theft, in-car &
(GPS); 24mW (GNSS); 18mW PNDs, asset and personal tracking, surveillance
(GPS); 5mW (Sleep mode) & security/LTE, WiMAX, Wi-Fi & cell. base station
timing/A-GNSS, dead reckoning, raw data output/
Flash memory +power mgmt
25s 25s <1s 1/NMEA PCI-Express standard bus/virtual COM 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 ext 200mW (GNSS); 140mW Active & Passive (auto-switching Rugged notebook PCs, tablets & handheld
(default) or port device (GPS); 0.4mA (Sleep mode) current detector) computers. Telematics & marine navigation.
binary protocol Surveillance, security and public safety. GIS,
survey, machine control & PrecisionAg/A-GNSS,
dead reckoning, raw data output/Flash memory
+power mgmt.
25s 25s <1s 2/NMEA 0183 2xUART; 1xUSB 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 ext. 300mW (GNSS) Active Low Cost Single-Frequency GNSS RTK Receiver.
v2.3; RTCM Applications: UAVs; Agriculture; Autonomous
v.3.1 cars; Robotics; Construction measurements;
Surveying; Heading and attitude determination;
Aerial Photogrammetry; Heading and attitude
determination; Aerial Photogrammetry
25s 25s <1s 2/NMEA 0183 2xUART; 1xUSB 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 ext. 480mW (GNSS) Active Low Cost Single-Frequency GNSS RTK
v2.3; RTCM +Heading Receiver. Applications: UAVs;
v.3.1 Agriculture; Autonomous cars; Robotics;
Construction measurements; Surveying;
Heading and attitude determination; Aerial
Photogrammetry; Heading and attitude
25s 25s <1s 2/NMEA 0183 2xUART; 1xUSB 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 ext 600mW (GNSS) Active Low Cost Dual-Frequency GNSS RTK Receiver.
v2.3; RTCM Applications: UAVs; Agriculture; Autonomous
v.3.1 cars; Robotics; Construction measurements;
Surveying; Heading and attitude determination;
Aerial Photogrammetry; Heading and attitude
25s 25s <1s 2/ NMEA 0183 2xUART 9600 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 C ext 200mW (GNSS); 150mW Active & Passive (auto-switching Rugged notebook PCs, tablets & handheld
v2.3 (IEC61162- (GPS) 0.4mA (Sleep mode) current detector) computers. Telematics & marine navigation.
1); BINR Surveillance, security and public safety. GIS,
(proprietary survey, machine control & PrecisionAg/A-GNSS,
binary protocol); dead reckoning, raw data output/Flash memory
RTCM SC 104 +power mgmt.
(messages: #1,
#9, #31, #34)
25s 25s <1s 2/ NMEA 0183 2xUART 4800 bps - 460800 bps -40 to +85 C ext 180mW (GNSS); 120mW Active OEM module for precise timing and network
v2.3 (IEC61162- (GPS) 0.1mA (Sleep mode) synchronization needs.; Applications: ; WiFi,
1); BINR WiMAX, LTE, GSM, CDMA base station timing
(proprietary
binary protocol);
RTCM SC 104
(messages: #1,
#9, #31, #34)
<20min <1min <1s 3 2 serial/1 USB 0 to 50 ext 30mW active Small portable GPS Receiver providing IRIG
time, pulse rates, event capture and position
over serial and USB ports. Can be portable with
optional battery.
<20min <1min <1s 3 2 serial/1 USB 1, 200 - 57, 600 0 to +50 ext 30mW active Small portable GPS Receiver providing IRIG time,
pulse rates, event capture and position over serial
and USB ports. Powered by external supply or
internal rechargeable battery.
<20min <1min <1s 3 2 serial/1 USB 1, 200 - 57, 600 0 to +50 ext 30 mw active Rugged portable GPS Receiver housed in
sealable watertight carrying case providing IRIG
time, pulse rates, event capture and position over
serial and USB ports. Powered by external supply
or internal rechargeable battery.
<20min <1min 115, 200 0 to +50 ext active Rack Mount GPS Receiver and IEEE-1588
PTPv2 Grandmaster (default profile) and SNTP
Time Server providing IRIG time and pulse rates
over serial and USB ports.
<20min <1min 115, 200 0 to +50 ext 30mW active Small portable GPS Receiver and IEEE-1588
PTPv2 Grandmaster (default profile) and SNTP
Time Server providing IRIG time and pulse rates
over serial and USB ports. Can be portable with
optional battery.
<20min <1min 115, 200 0 to +50 ext active Small portable test set to compare external
PTPv2 or IRIG time code to 1PPS generated by
integrated GPS Receiver or external time source.
<35s <32s 1s 2 Uart / SPI user selectable -40 to 85 ext 10-70mW Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<35s <32s 1s 2 Uart / SPI user selectable -40 to 85 ext 10-70mW Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<35s <32s 1s 2 Uart / SPI user selectable -40 to 85 ext 10-66mW (during tracking) External passive or active modules with external antenna
<35s <32s 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 67mW (during tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<27s <26 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 4-92mW (during tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<27s <26 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 4-92mW (during tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<31s <29s <3s 1 UART user selectable -40 to 85 ext 14.5 - 104mW (during tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<35s <32s 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 67mW (during tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
0 <26 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 65-83mW (during Tracking) Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<33 <31 1s 2 Uart / SPI user selectable -40 to 85 ext 115-180mW na modules with an external antenna
<33 <31 1s 2 Uart / SPI user selectable -40 to 85 ext 115-180mW Active GPS/GNSS Receiver Module With Integrated
Antenna
<35s <32s 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 9 - 67mW (during tracking) na modules with an external antenna
<35s <32s 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 59mW (during tracking) na modules with an external antenna
<35 s <32s 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 9 - 59mW (during tracking) na modules with an external antenna
<27s <26 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 65-83mW (during Tracking) na modules with an external antenna
<31s <29s <3s 1 UART user selectable -40 to 85 ext 10 - 80mW (during tracking) na modules with an external antenna
<27s <26 1s 3 UART, SPI or I2C user selectable -40 to 85 ext 65-83mW (during Tracking) na modules with an external antenna
nr 150s 20s nr nr nr -55 to 71 28 VDC 28W 5 element L1/L2 CRPA Tomahawk Block IV Anti-Jam SAASM Receiver

Miniature Airborne GPS 24/Continuous L1 - C/A, P / (Y), L2 - P / (Y) All in View AD1 3.21 x 6.78 x 11.0lb <16 m / na / na / na 37 1
Receiver MAGR 2000 12.82in
RAPToR Common Weapon 24/Continuous L1 - C/A, P / (Y), L2 - P / (Y) All in View DHLMNOPV2 3.45 x 0.59 x 100g <16 m / na / na / na <100 1
Navigator 3.45in
Digital Anti-jam Receiver 24/Continuous L1 - C/A, P / (Y), L2 - P / (Y) All in View ADO1 8.6 x 2.27 x 13.0in 11.0lb <16 m / na / na / na <25 1
(DAR)
Septentrio AsteRx4 OEM 544 par. GPS L1, C/A L2, P-code & CP; L2C; L5 code All in View GPS ADGLMMetNOPRTV2 77 x 100 & 61 x 82 60g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 50Hz
www.septentrio.com & CP, GALILEO L1 code & CP; E5abAltBOC, +GLONASS +GALILEO 5mm +1 ppm
E6 code & CP; GLONASS L1L2L3, P-Code; +BEIDOU +IRNSS
BeiDou (B1, B2, B3), IRNSS (L5) QZSS,
WAAS / EGNOS
AsteRx-U 544 par. GPS L1, C/A L2, P-code & CP; L2C; L5 code All in View GPS ADGLMMetNOPRTV1 164 x 157 x 54mm 1.5kg 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 20Hz
& CP, GALILEO L1 code & CP; E5abAltBOC, +GLONASS +GALILEO 5mm +1 ppm
E6 code & CP; GLONASS L1L2L2CA, P-Code; +BEIDOU +IRNSS
BeiDou (B1, B2, B3), IRNSS (L5) QZSS, WAAS
/ EGNOS, L-Band (Terrastar)
AsteRx-U UHF 544 par. GPS L1, C/A L2, P-code & CP; L2C; L5 code ADGLMMetNOPRTV1 164 x 157 x 54mm 1.5kg 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 20Hz
& CP, GALILEO L1 code & CP; E5abAltBOC, 5mm +1 ppm
E6 code & CP; GLONASS L1L2L2CA, P-Code;
/ EGNOS, L-Band (Terrastar)
AsteRx-U Marine 544 par GPS L1, C/A L2, P-code & CP; L2C; L5 code All in View GPS ADGLMMetNOPRTV1 164 x 157 x 54mm 1.5kg 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 20Hz
& CP, GALILEO L1 code & CP; E5abAltBOC, +GLONASS +GALILEO 5mm +1 ppm
/ EGNOS, L-Band (Terrastar & Veripos)
PolaRx5 544 par. GPS (L1P, L1CA, L2, L5), GLONASS (L1, L2, All in View ADGHLMMetNOPRTV1 235 x 140 x 37mm 900g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 5 50Hz
L3) GALILEO (E1, E5ab, AltBoc, E6), BEIDOU 5mm +1 ppm
(B1, B2, B3), SBAS (L1, L5), IRNSS (L5),
QZSS (L1, L2, L5);
PolaRx5TR 544 par. GPS (L1P, L1CA, L2, L5), GLONASS (L1, L2, All in View ADGHLMMetNOPRTV1 235 x 140 x 37mm 940g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 5 50Hz
QZSS (L1, L2, L5);
PolaRx5S 544 par. GPS (L1P, L1CA, L2, L5), GLONASS (L1, L2, All in View DGLMetOPRTV1 284 x 140 x 37mm 1.06Kg 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 1cm +1 ppm / 5 50Hz
QZSS (L1, L2, L5);
AsteRx-m OEM 132 par. GPS +GLONASS L1, C/A and P-code & CP; All in View GPS ADGHLMMetNOPRTV2 70 x 47.5 x 3.5mm 27g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 0.05s
L2, P-code & CP; WAAS / EGNOS / GAGAN +GLONASS 3mm +0.5 ppm
/ MSAS / SDCM
AsteRx-m UAS 132 par. GPS +GLONASS L1, C/A and P-code & CP; All in View GPS ADNOPV2 70 x 47.5mm 37g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 0.05s
L2, P-code & CP; WAAS / EGNOS / GAGAN +GLONASS 3mm +0.5 ppm
/ MSAS / SDCM
Altus NR2 132 par. GPS +GLONASS L1, C/A and P-code & CP; All in View ; GPS GLMNOPRV1 167mm () x 780 g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 0.05s
L2, P-code & CP; WAAS / EGNOS / GAGAN +GLONASS 69mm 3mm +0.5 ppm
/ MSAS / SDCM
Altus GeoPod 132 par. GPS +GLONASS L1, C/A and P-code & CP; All in View ; GPS GLNOPRV1 110 x 78 x 35mm 200g 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 0.05s
L2, P-code & CP; WAAS / EGNOS / GAGAN +GLONASS (160mm deep in 3mm +0.5 ppm
/ MSAS / SDCM antenna area)
Altus APS3G 544 par. GPS L1, C/A L2, P-code & CP; L2C; L5 code & All in View GPS GLMNOPRV1 17.8 () x 9.0cm 1.16kg 1.2m (1s) / 0.4m (1s) / 0.6cm +1 ppm / 10 0.04s
CP, GALILEO L1 code & CP; E5a, E5b, AltBoc, +GLONASS +GALILEO 3mm +0.5 ppm
/ EGNOS / GAGAN / MSAS / SDCM
Sokkia GRX2 226 Channels with optimized GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: All in view GL1 184 () x 95mm 1.1kg 2-3m / 50cm / 10mm / 3mm 10 0.05
www.sokkia.com satellite tracking technology L1 C/A SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, EGNOS,
MSAS, GAGAN
GSX2 226 Channels with optimized GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: All in view GL1 150 x 150 x 64mm 0.85kg 2-3m / 40cm / 10mm / 3mm 10 0.01
satellite tracking technology L1 C/A, L2C SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, EGNOS,
MSAS, GAGAN
GCX2 226 Channels with optimized GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: All in view GL1 47 x 184.5 x 47mm 0.375kg 2-3m / 50cm / 12mm / 4mm 10 0.01
satellite tracking technology L1 C/A, L2C SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, EGNOS,
MSAS, GAGAN
Spectra Precision ProFlex 800 120 par. GPS L1 C/A L1 / L2 P-code, L2 C, L5, L1 / 12GPS / 12Glonass AGLMNOPR1 21.5 x 20 x 7.6cm 2.1kg 3m / 25cm +1ppm / 1cm +1ppm / nr 0.05s
www.spectraprecision.com L2 / L5 full wavelength carrier GLONASS L1 / 3SBAS +low signal 3mm +0.5ppm
C/A and L2 C/A, L1 / L2 full wavelength carrier acquisition engines
GALILEO E1 and E5 SBAS L1 code and carrier
SP80 240 GPS L1C/A, L1P(Y), L2P(Y), L2C, L5 All-in-view GLR1 22.2 x 19.4 x 1.17kg 3m / 25cm +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 0.05s
GLONASS L1C/A, L2C/A, L3 BeiDou B1 7.5cm 3mm +0.1 ppm
(PHASE 2), B2 Galileo E1, E5A, E5B QZSS
L1C/A, L2C, L1SAIF, L5 SBAS (WAAS /
EGNOS / MSAS / GAGAN)
SP60 240 GPS L1C/A, L1P(Y), L2C, L2P(Y) GLONASS All-in-view GLR1 21 x 21 x 7cm 930g 3m / 25cm +1ppm / 8mm +1ppm / 100 0.05s
L1C/A, L2C/A BeiDou B1, B2 Galileo E1, E5a, 3mm +0.1 ppm
E5b QZSS L1C/A, L2C, L1SAIF, L5 SBAS
L1C/A L-Band
Spectracom SecureSync Time and 72 GPS / GLONASS / QZSS L1, BeiDou B1, All in view ADLMOT1 42.5 x 4.4 x 2.95kg Autonomous 25ns 1Hz
spectracom.com Frequency Synchronization Galileo E1 35.6cm
System
SecureSync SAASM 72 GPS L1 C/A, P; GPS L2 P & Y-code All in view ADLMOT1 42.5 x 4.4 x 2.95kg Autonomous 40ns 1Hz
Time and Frequency (encrypted P-code) 35.6cm
Synchronization System
TSync Timing Boards 72 GPS / GLONASS / QZSS L1, BeiDou B1, All in view ADLMOT1 Varied (based on Varied (based on form Autonomous 50ns 1Hz
Galileo E1 form factor) factor)
VelaSync High Speed 50 GPS L1 All in view OT1 43.7 x 4.3 x 10.7kg Autonomous 50ns 1Hz
Time Server 65.0cm
VersaSync Rugged Time 72 GPS / GLONASS / QZSS L1, BeiDou B1, All in view ADLMOT1 14.7 x 12.8 x 0.91kg Autonomous 50ns 1Hz
and Frequency Reference Galileo E1 63.0cm
System
Spectrum Instruments Custom Time / Frequency 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMMetOPT12 Various Various 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
www.spectruminstruments.com Modules WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
TM-4 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS DGLMMetNOPT1 4.0 x 1.5 x 4.125in 1lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 15 1
WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN Rack Brax avail.
TM-4D 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS DGLMetOPT1 19.0 x 1.75 x 8.0in 6.5lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
TM4-M +, TM4-M / D 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS DGLMMetOPT1 9.5 x 1.75 x 9.0in 4lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
TM4-MRII 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS DLMetOPT1 19.0 x 3.5 x 8.0in 6lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 5 1
TM-4OEM 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMMetOPT2 3.875 x 1.0 x 0.5lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 4.00in
TM4-PC / 104 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMMetOPT2 3.775 x 0.497 0.5lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN x 3.55in
TM4-SN, TM4-S 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMNOPT2 5.1 x 1.0 x 1.6in 0.5lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 15 1
TM5-OEM 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMNOPT2 60 x 114 x 16mm 0.5lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
TM4-BB 72 par. GPS / QZSS, GLONASS, GALILEO; SBAS: All in View +2 SBAS ADGLMNOPT2 3.0 x 1.0 x 1.5 in 0.25lb 2.5m / 2.0m / NA (CEP) 10 1
STMicroelectronics Cartesio PLUS (STA2064) 32 GPS / Galileo (L1), SBAS 32 ACDGLHMNPTV 15 x 15 x 1.2mm na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <50(rms) 1Hz
www.st.com/gps
Cartesio PLUS (STA2065) 32 GPS / Galileio (L1), SBAS 32 ACDGLHMNPTV 16 x 16 x 1.2mm na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <50(rms) 1Hz
TeseoII (STA8088CEXG) 32 GPS / Galileio / Glonass QZSS (L1), SBAS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 9 x 9 x 1.2 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
TeseoII 32 GPS / Galileio / Glonass QZSS (L1), SBAS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(STA8088CFG)
TeseoII (STA8088GA) 32 GPS / Galileio / Glonass QZSS (L1), SBAS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
TeseoII (STA8088GAT) 32 GPS / Galileio / Glonass QZSS (L1), SBAS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
TeseoII (STA8088CWG) 32 GPS / Galileio / Glonass QZSS (L1), SBAS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 4 x 4 x 0.64 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz

(degrees Celsius)
<6min 24s 1s 2 mux, 5 serial 1553/RS-232/RS-422/ARINC429 -55 to 95 115 V/400Hz 19W average L1/L2 FRPA or CRPA Open architecture aircraft SAAASM receiver LRU,
MGUE upgrade in progress
nr 60s 10s 3 RS-232/RS-422/CMOS 500 kbps -32 to 70 3.3 VDC <4.5W max, <1W nominal L1/L2 Multiple Raytheon Missile System SAASM
applications
nr nr nr 2 mux/ serial 1394B, Fibre channel, RS-422 nr nr 270 VDC <80W L1/L2 CRPA High Anti-Jam aircraft SAASM receiver system
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, RS232, Ethernet, USB, event marker, PPS out, 300 - 230, 400, 100 Mbps -40 to +85 35.5 VDC 1.5W typ (E) Multi-constellation, dual antenna OEM receiver
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, RS232, Ethernet, USB, event marker, PPS out, 300 - 230, 400, 100 Mbps -30 to +65 9-36V 7W ext Multi-constellation, dual antenna receiver with
1, 1, 1, Bluetooth, WIFI, cellular integrated Cellular modem and support for
TERRASTAR
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, RS232, Ethernet, USB, event marker, PPS out, 300 - 230, 400, 100 Mbps -30 to +65 9-36V 7W ext Multi-constellation, dual antenna receiver with
1, 1, 1 Bluetooth, WIFI, Cellular, UHF integrated Cellular modem, UHF radio and
support for TERRASTAR
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 3, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, RS232, Ethernet, USB, event marker, PPS out, 300 - 230, 400, 100 Mbps -30 to +65 9-36V 7W (E) Multi-constellation, dual antenna receiver with
1, 1, 1 Bluetooth, WIFI, Cellular, UHF integrated Cellular modem, UHF radio, robust
L-band receiver and support for TERRASTAR
and VERIPOS
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1 RS232, Ethernet, USB (client/host), event 300 - 230, 400; 1 - 2 Mbps -40 to +65 930 VDC, PoE 1, 8-4, 7W ext Multi-frequency GNSS reference receiver.
marker, PPS out, Ref in, Ref out
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1 RS232, Ethernet, USB (client/host), event 300 - 230, 400; 1 - 2 Mbps -40 to +65 930 VDC, PoE 3-5W
marker, REF out, PPS out, Ref in, PPS-in
<45s <15s (after reset) <1s 4, 1, 2, 1, 2 RS232, USB (client/host) Ethernet, event 300 - 230, 400, 10 Mbps -30 to +65 930 VDC, PoE 3.5-5.7W (E) Scintillation monitoring receiver
marker, PPS out, Ref out
<45s <20s 1.2s 3, 1, 1, 1 LVTTL, USB, event marker, PPS out 300 - 230, 400; 1 - 2 Mbps -40 to +85 3.3V DC 500mW ext Compact ultra low-power dual frequency GPS/
GLONASS OEM receiver
<45s <20s 1.2s 3, 1, 1, 1 LVTTL, USB, event marker, PPS out 300 - 230, 400; 1 - 2 Mbps -40 to +85 5V-30V 700mW ext Centimeter accuracy and easy integration into
UAS. Accompanied with offline SW (GeoTagZ) or
(SDK) solution for performing geotagging on UAS
applications. Includes internal logging micro SD
card and Plug, Event marker for camera shutter
synchronisation and compatible with Pixhawk
and Ardupilot.
<60s <30s 1.2s 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 RS232 (lemo), USB (UARTs), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 115200, 300 - 230, 400, 100 Mbps -30 to +75 INT 2x3400mAh @ 3.6V 7W (INT): MF GPS/GLONASS The Altus NR2 incorporates GNSS and wireless
Ethernet, Cellular (IP), DynDNS EXT 930 VDC technology into a sleek and compact design. This
provides an intelligent Network Rover and Base
used in Survey, GIS or UAS (base) applications
featuring an intuitive web server on-board
configuration for full configuration, on-board GIS
data collection (PinPoint-GIS) and extended
operation time.
<45s <20s 1.2s 2 USB (RS232) 115200 -20 to +50 USB 2.0 - Power <1W (INT): L1 GPS/GLONASS (EXT): The Altus GeoPod provides a compact GNSS
requirements - 5V Antenna Connector: LEMO module designed to add high precision positioning
DC, <1W connector to mobile computing platforms. With only a USB
2.0 interface, mobile platforms may add RTK
precision to any on-board application (Windows,
Windows Mobile or Android). PinPoint-GIS App is
included allowing to run any Android app with the
location provided from the GeoPod unit.
<45s <20s 1.2s 2 2 RS-232, 1 Bluetooth, 1 UHF, 1 Cellular 1, 200 - 115, 200 -40 to +75 INT/EXT (10-30 V DC) 4W (INT): MF/Wideband GPS/GLO/ Survey grade receiver with more than 12 hours
GAL/BDS battery life, Terrastar services, RTK Rover
(EXT): Any and Base. Provides UHF, GSM and Bluetooth
communication.
<40 <20s <1s 2 RS-232, Ext Power 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 4 int Internal UHF digital radio and cellular option;
Bluetooth
<40 <20s <1s 2 RS-232/Ext Power and mini USB 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +65 ext/int 2 int Interference-Free Data Communication
Technology; Bluetooth
<40 <20s <1s 2 Shared Ext Power and USB 2, 400 - 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext/int 2 int Interference-Free Data Communication
Technology; Bluetooth
90s 35s 3s 7 1 RS232/RS422, 2 RS232, USB, Bluetooth, Selectable to 115, 200 -20 to +70 int/ext with UHF and GNSS External active antenna depending Outstanding GNSS Performance in Ultra Rugged
Ethernet, 3.5G/GPRS GSM, Earth terminal antenna < 5 on application: Geodetic Survey Design GNSS Centric Z-Blade
Antenna, Machine, Marine or
Choke Ring
60s 30s 3s 5 RS232, USB, Bluetooth, WiFi, 3.5G/UMTS GSM RS232: up to 230, 400 USB 2.0 host -40 to +65 Hot swappable int/ext 3.5 Internal patch The Most Connected GNSS Receiver
& device Bluetooth 2.1 +EDR Class
2, SPP profile WiFi (802.11 b/g/n)
60s 30s 3s 3 RS232, USB, Bluetooth Long Range RS232: up to 921600 bits/sec USB -40 to +65 ext./int. 2, 2 (with UHF Rx) Internal patch The Most Versatile GNSS Solution
2.0 host & device up to 12 MHz
Bluetooth 2.1 +EDR Class 1, Tx
Power 19 dBm, SPP profile
< 15min < 5min < 5min >3 1 RS-232, 1PSS, 10 MHz, 1 Ethernet (others 9.6 Kbps -20 to +65 ext 40-50W L1 (ER/WR) Modular, GNSS Time and Frequency Server
based on configuration)
< 20min < 5min < 5min >3 1 RS-232, 1PSS, 10 MHz, 1 Ethernet (others 9.6 Kbps -20 to +65 ext 40-50W L1/L2 (ER/WR) Modular, SAASM GPS Time and Frequency
based on configuration) Server
< 15min < 5min < 5min > 14 1PPS, 10 MHz, IRIG AM/DCLS, GPIO NA -40 to +85 ext Varied (based on form factor) L1 (ER/WR) GNSS Time Code Processor available in
bus-level form factors
< 15min < 5min < 5min 5 5 Ethernet ( 3 x 1Gb and 2 x 10Gb) 9.6 Kbps +10 to +35 ext 500W high-efficiency (94% +) L1 (ER/WR) GPS 10Gb PTP Grandmaster and NTP High
redundant power Speed Time Server
< 15min < 5min < 5min > 11 10 MHz, Configurable (1PPS, IRIG, HAVE NA -40 to +65 ext 10W L1 (ER/WR) Rugged, Low-SWAP GNSS Time and
QUICK, ASCII ToD), 2 x 1Gb Ethernet Frequency System
<35s <38s <1s Various sine, 1PPS, RS-232, TTL, IRIG B, NTP, various Selectable to 115, 200 -20 to +70 ext Various ext Customizable time/frequency platform
<35s <38s <1s 2, 9 as above Selectable to 115, 200 -20 to +70 ext 3.2 ext Time/Frequency reference instrument. IRIG-B
<35s <38s <1s 24, 9 as above Selectable to 115, 200 0 to +70 ext 4 ext Time/Frequency instrument with integrated
Distribution Amplifier. IRIG-capable.
<35s <38s <1s 6, 9 as above Selectable to 115, 200 0 to +70 Universal AC 3.2 ext Time/Frequency instrument with internal UPS
<35s <38s <1s 6, 9 as above Selectable to 115, 200 -20 to +70 or -40 to +85 Universal AC <12 ext Time/Frequency instrument with Rubidium
oscillator. Rack Mount
<35s <38s <1s 2, 9 as above Selectable to 115, 200 -40 to +85 ext Various to under 2W ext Board level module, Time/Frequency, IRIG-B
<35s <38s <1s 3, 9 10 MHz sine(x2), 1PPS, RS-232, TTL, IRIG Selectable to 115, 200 -20 to +70 or -40 to +85 ext as above ext Board level module, Time/Frequency, IRIG-B,
B, NTP, various PC/104 compliant
<35s <38s <1s 2, 5 10 MHz LVDS, 1PPS LVDS, TTL, Custom 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext as above ext Board level module, Time/Frequency, MGRS,
WAAS, High Sensitivity, Fully Shielded
<35s <38s <1s 2, 8 sine, 1PPS, TTL, various 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext 3.2 ext Board level module, Time/Frequency, high
sensitivity, WAAS, Fully Shielded
<35s <38s <1s 2, 8 sine, 1PPS, TTL, various 4800 - 115200 -40 to +85 ext 3.2 ext Board level module, Time/Frequency, high
sensitivity, WAAS, Fully Shielded
35s 34s <1s 17 UART, SPI, I2C, USB, CAN, SD/MMC, I2S/ 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.25V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Infotainment application processor with
TDM, SPDIF, GPIOs embedded GPS
35s 34s <1s 22 UART, SPI, I2C, USB, CAN, USB, SD/MMC, 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.25V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Infotainment application processor with
I2S/TDM, SPDIF, SmartCard, GPIOs embedded GPS
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, SD/MMC, 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Processor
1, 1, 1, 64 I2S, FSMC, GPIOs
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Automotive GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +105 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) AEC-Q100 Grade 2 (-40-to 105) qualified
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Stand-Alone WL-CSP
2, 32

TeseoIII (STA8090EXG) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 9 x 9 x 1.2 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8090FG) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 6 x 5 x 1.2 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8089FG) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8089FGA) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8090WG) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV3 3.8x3.8x0.6 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8090GA) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 8 x 8 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8089GA) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
TeseoIII (STA8089GAT) 48 GPS / Galileio / Glonass / Beidou / QZSS all in view ACDGLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 0.85 na 2m / 1.5m / na / na <20(rms) 1Hz/5Hz/10Hz
(L1), SBAS
RF Front-End (STA5630) na L1 na ACDGLHMNPTV2 5 x 5 x 1.0mm na na na na
Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. SGR-07 12 GPS L1 C/A 12 NS1 120 x 47 x 76mm 450g <10m / - / - / 1m (95%) 500 1
www.sstl.co.uk
SGR-05P 12 GPS L1 C/A 12 NS2 70 x 10 x 70mm 60g <10m / - / - / 1m (95%) 500 1
SGR-05U 12 GPS L1 C/A 12 NS2 70 x 10 x 45mm 30g <10m / - / - / 1m (95%) 500 1
SGR-Ligo 24 GPS, Galileo, Glonass L1 Open Services >12 NS2 92 x 87.4 x 12mm 65 g 5m / - / - / <1m (95%) 200 1
SGR-ReSI 16 GPS L1 C/A, L2C >12 NS1 300 x 40 x 200mm 1kg 10m / - / - / <1m (95%) 500 1
SGR-Axio 24 GPS L1 C/A, L2C, GLONASS L1OF, L2OF, >12 NS1 160 x 50 x 180mm 1kg 5m / - / - / <1m (95%) 100 1
GALILEO E1OS
Swift Navigation Piksi Multi Flexible FPGA based GPS L1 / L2; Hardware ready for GLONASS 44 CDGHLMNV2 71 x 48 x 13mm 24g <3.0 m CEP; 1cm +1ppm <<50ns 20Hz
www.swiftnav.com architecture G1 / G2, BeiDou B1 / B2, Galileo E1 / E5b,
QZSS L1 / L2, SBAS
Synergy Systems, LLC SSR-6Tf 16 Par GPS L1 C/A code, 16 GPS 50 ACDGHLNTV2 40 x 60 x 4.5 12g 2.5 Aut, 2.5 RTCM, <10 cm RTK 15ns 1Hz to 5Hz
www.synergy-gps.com
SSR-M8T 16 Par GPS L1 C/A code, 16 GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, 72 ACDGHLNTV2 40 x 60 x 4.5 12g 2.5 Aut, 2.5 RTCM, <10 cm RTK 15ns 1Hz to 5Hz
QZSS, BeiDou
Telit Communications Jupiter JF2 Flash 48 GPS L1, SBAS, QZSS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 11 x 11 x 2.5mm 1g <2.5m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
www.telit.com
Jupiter JF2 ROM 48 GPS L1, SBAS, QZSS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 11 x 11 x 2.5mm 1g <2.5m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
Jupiter JN3 Flash 48 GPS L1, SBAS, QZSS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1g <2.5m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
LLC package
Jupiter JN3 ROM 48 GPS L1, SBAS, QZSS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1g <2.5m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
LLC package
Jupiter SL869 32 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1g <1.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
QZSS, SBAS LLC package
Jupiter SL869-T 32 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1g <1.5 m(CEP) 3.7ns (50%) 10Hz
QZSS, SBAS LLC package
Jupiter SL869-V3 32 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1.8g 1.3m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
B1, SBAS, QZSS LLC package
Jupiter SL869-3DR 32 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1.8g 1.3m (CEP) <1us 15Hz
Jupiter SL869-ADR 56 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1.8g 1.3m (CEP) <1us 15Hz
Jupiter SE868-V3 56 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 11 x 11 x 2.5mm 1g 1.2m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
B1, SBAS, QZSS
Jupiter SE868-A 99/33 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, All in view CDLHMNPTV2 11 x 11 x 6.4mm 2g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
SBAS, QZSS
Jupiter SE868-AS 66/22 GPS L1, QZSS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 11 x 11 x 6.4mm 2g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
Jupiter SE873Q5 56 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 7 x 7 x 1.85mm 0.5g 1.2m (CEP) <1us 5Hz
B1, SBAS, QZSS
Jupiter SL869L-V2 99/33 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1.8g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
Jupiter SL869L-V2S 66/22 GPS L1, QZSS, DGPS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 16 x 12.2 x 2.4mm 1.8g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
LLC package
Jupiter SL871L 99/33 GPS L1, GLONASS L1, Galileo E1, BeiDou All in view CDLHMNPTV2 10.1 x 9.7 x 2.4mm 1g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
B1, SBAS, QZSS
Jupiter SL871L-S 66/22 GPS L1, QZSS, DGPS All in view CDLHMNPTV2 10.1 x 9.7 x 2.4mm 1g 2.5m (CEP) <1us 10Hz
THALES - Avionics Division GNSS 1000C 12 L1: C/A All in view ADLMNPT2 149.35 x 144.65 430g < 5m (95%) < 50 10Hz
www.thalesgroup.com x 19mm
GNSS 1000G 20 par. GPS L1 C/A code and GLONASS L1 10 GPS +10 GLONASS ADLMN2 149.35 x 144.65 430g < 5m (95%) < 50 5Hz
x 19mm
GNSS 1000S, SAASM- 24 par. L1: C/A, P or Y code L2: P or Y code All in view ADLMNPT2 149.35 x 144.65 430g < 3m (95%) < 50 10Hz
Based x 19mm
GNSS 100-2, SAASM- 24 par. L1: C/A, P or Y code L2: P or Y code All in view ADLMNPT1 221.5 x 162 x 1.6kg < 3m (95%) < 50 10Hz
Based 67.3mm
GNSS 100-3, SAASM- 24 par. L1: C/A, P or Y code L2: P or Y code All in view ADLMNPT1 211 x 160 x 49mm 1.4kg < 3m (95%) < 50 10Hz
Based
TOPSTAR 200 12 L1: C/A All in view AN1 66 x 216 x 241mm 1.6kg < 15m, 1m (SBAS) (95%) < 50 1Hz or 5Hz
Topcon HiPer HR 452 Channels with GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, All in view GL1 115 x 132 x 115mm 1.17 kg 1.5 m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 up to 0.05
www.topconpositioning.com Universal Tracking Channel L2, L3 GALILEO: E1, E5a / E5b, ALTBOC, E6
Technology BeiDou: B1, B2 QZSS: L1 C/A, L1C, L1-SAIF,
L2C, L5, LEX SBAS: L1 C/A, L5, WAAS,
EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
GR-5 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, L2 All in view GL1 158.1 x 253.0 x 1.44kg 1.2m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 up to 0.02
Universal Tracking Channel GALILEO: E1, E5a / E5b, ALTBOC BeiDou: B1, 158.1mm
Technology B2 QZSS: L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, L5 SBAS: L1 C/A,
L5 WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
HiPer V 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: All in view GL1 184 x 95mm 1.0kg 1.2m / 50cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 up t o 0.05
Universal Tracking Channel L1 C/A SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, EGNOS,
Technology MSAS, GAGAN
HiPer SR 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: All in view GL1 150 x 150 x 64mm 0.85kg 1.2m / 40cm / 10mm / 3mm 10 0.1
Universal Tracking Channel L1 C/A, SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, EGNOS,
Technology MSAS, GAGAN
NET-G5 452 Channels with GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, All in view GLR1 150 x 200 x 60mm 2.0kg 1.2m / 25cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel L2, L3 GALILEO: E1, E5a / E5b, ALTBOC, E6
Technology BeiDou: B1, B2 QZSS: L1 C/A, L1C, L1-SAIF,
L2C, L5, LEX SBAS: L1 C/A, L5, WAAS,
EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
MR-2 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, L1P, All in view GLR1 172 x 49 x 166mm 0.95 kg 1.2m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel L2, L2P, L3C Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b, E5AltBOC
Technology BeiDou: B1, B2 QZSS: L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, L5C
SBAS: WAAS / MSAS / EGNOS
B110 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2, L2C All in view 2 40 x 55 x 10mm <20g 1.2m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel QZSS: L1, L2C, WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS,
Technology GAGAN L1
B111 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L2C GLONASS: L1, L2, L2C, All in view 2 40 x 55 x 10mm <20g 1.2m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel Galileo: E1, Beidou: B1, B2, QZSS: L1 C/A,
Technology L1C, L1-SAIF, L2C, WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS,
GAGAN L1
B125 226 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L1C, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, All in view 2 40 x 55 x 10 mm 30g 1.2m / 40cm / 5mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel L2, L3 Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b, AltBOC Beidou:
Technology B1, B2 SBAS: L1 L2C - L-Band (OmniStar
/ TerraStar)
Euro 112 PII 144 Channels with GPS: L1, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, L2 QZSS: >50 2 112 x 14.7 x na 1.2m / 30cm / 10mm / 3mm 10 0.01
Universal Tracking Channel L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, L5 SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS, 100mm
Technology EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN
Trimble Trimble NetR9 440 GPS: L1 C/A, L2C, L2E (Trimble method for 88 GLMMetNVPRT1 26.5 x 13.0 x 1.75kg 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 50Hz
www.trimble.com tracking L2P), L5 GLONASS: L1 C/A and 5.5cm mm+0.1 ppm
unencrypted P code, L2 C/A2 and unencrypted
P code, L3 CDMA Galileo L1 CBOC, E5A, E5B
& E5AltBOC BeiDou: B1, B2, B3QZSS: L1 C/A,
L1C, L1 SAIF, L2C, L5, LEX SBAS: L1C/A,
L5 L-Band OmniSTAR (VBS, HP and XP)
+RTX Expandable for future signals pending
ICD releases.
Nomad 900G Series 12 par. L1 C/A code, SBAS 12 3.9 x 6.9 x 2.0in 1.23lb na/2 - 5m/1 - 3m Post-proc na 1
Trimble Nomad 1050 Series nr L1 C/A code, SBAS nr GHLMNOV1 17.6 x 10 x 5.0cm 596g including nr/2-4m/nr nr nr
rechargeable battery

(degrees Celsius)
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, SD/MMC, 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.6-4.3V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Processor
1, 1, 64 I2S, GPIOs, FSMC
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN,, SD/MMC, 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.6-4.3V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Processor
1, 1, 32 I2S, GPIOs
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Automotive GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver wioth
2, 32 Stacked Flash
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 32 UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.6-4.3V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) GNSS Stand-Alone WLCSP
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.6-4.3V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Automotive GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +85 1.6-4.3V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) Automotive GNSS Stand-Alone Receiver
2, 32
35s 34s <1s 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, UART, SPI, SQI, I2C, USB, CAN, GPIOs 4800 - 115500 -40 to +105 1.2V/1.8V Variable (inquire) E (passive & active) AEC-Q100 Grade 2 (-40-to 105) qualified
2, 32
na na na na na 9, 600 - 38, 400 -40 to +85 1.62-1.98V 29mW na Low power GPS-Galileo RF Front-end
9m/2m 60s nr 2 RS-422, CAN bus 9, 600 - 38, 400 -20 to +50 ext <2 1 patch + LNA Packaged SGR-05P
9m/2m 60s nr 2 TTL, RS422, CAN 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +50 ext 1.5 1 Quadrifilar/patch + LNA Rdcd-size OEM w TMR
9min 60s nr 1 UART TTL 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +50 ext 1 1 Quadrifilar/patch + LNA University-grade space OEM
3/2min 60s nr 3 UART TTL, I2C, CAN 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +50 ext 0.8 Flat passive patch Cubesat compatible, dual antennas
3/2min 60s nr 3 RS-422, CAN bus, LVDS 9, 600 - 115, 200, 10Mbps -20 to +50 ext 5-10 Four spiral array, plus standard Remote Sensing Capability (Reflection & RO)
patches
3/2min 60s nr 3 RS-422, CAN bus, LVDS 9, 600 - 115, 200 -20 to +50 ext 4-6 Up to 4 patches New Generation Space Receiver
<<60s <45s <2s 47 2 x LV-TTL / RS-232, 2 x CAN, 2 x MMCX up to 921, 600 bps (UART), 480 -40 to +85 ext; 4.5 to 15V < 2.8W Active (ER), 2 inputs switchable Multi-Frequency Multi-Constellation FPGA based
Antenna, 1 x USB 2.0 Host, 1 x USB 2.0 Device, mbps (USB), 100 mbps (Ethernet) dual core receiver with Linux
1 x Ethernet, 35 x GPIO (prog.), 1 x Event
Marker, 1 x PPS, 1 x SD Card
26s 1s 1s 1 3.3V Logic Level 4800 - 57600 -40 to +85 ext 240mW Passsive or Active OEM Navigation & Timing
< 35s 3s 1s 1 3.3V Logic Level 4800 - 57600 -40 to +85 ext 240mW Passsive or Active OEM Navigation & Timing
<35s <30s <1s 1 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext. 1.75 - 1.9 VDC 67mW ext
<35s <30s <1s 1 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext. 1.75 - 1.9 VDC 67mW ext
<35s <30s <1s 1 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.85-3.6 VDC 96mW ext
<35s <30s <1s 1 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.85-3.6 VDC 96mW ext
<35s <30s <1s 3 2xUART, I2C, UART/USB All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 3-3.6 VDC 126mW ext
<35s <30s <1s 3 3xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 3-3.6 VDC 126mW ext Timing Receiver
34s 25s 1s 4 3xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 3-3.6 VDC 128mW ext
35s 25s 1s 3 2xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 3-3.6 VDC 128mW ext Dead reckoning GNSS module with internal 7-axis
MEMS sensors
35s 25s 1s 3 2xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 3-3.6 VDC 128mW ext Dead reckoning GNSS module with internal 6-axis
MEMS sensors with external interface (wheel tick,
reverse indicator)
27s 23s 1s 2 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext. 1.75-1.85 VDC 58mW ext
31s 28s 1s 2 2xUART All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 72mW embeded 9x9 mm GPS +
GLO SMT
33s 32s 1s 2 2xUART All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 54mW embeded 9x9 mm GPS SMT
27s 23s 1s 2 UART, I2C, SPI All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext. 1.75-1.85 V 63mW ext
27s 24s 1s 2 2xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 80mW ext
33s 32s 1s 2 2xUART All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 53mW ext
31s 28s 1s 2 2xUART, I2C All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 76mW ext
33s 32s 1s 2 2xUART All standard bit rates -40 to +85 ext., 2.8-4.3 V 44mW ext
<60s 20s <5s 4, 1, 1, 1, 2 RS 422, DPRAM, DS-101, DS-102, HVQK, 115 200 -46 to +101 ext < 10W ext. - passive or active (E) SPS receiver, pin to pin compatible with
1PPS In/Out GNSS 1000S.
GPS: 200s GLO: GPS: 50s GLO: 60s <15s 3, 1 RS 422, DPRAM 4800, 115 200 -46 to +71 ext 14W ext. - passive or active (E)
290s
<60s 20s <5s 4, 1, 1, 1, 2 RS 422, DPRAM, DS-101, DS-102, HVQK, 115200 -45 to +82 ext < 10W ext. - passive or active (E) SAASM Based, GRAM-S (SEM E) module
1PPS In/Out
<60s 20s <5s 1 or 2, 2, 1, 1, 1553 or ARINC 429, RS422, NMEA, DS-101, 100 000, 19200 -40 to +70 28VDC < 25W ext. - passive or active (E) SAASM Based
1, 1, 2 DS-102, HVQK, 1PPS In/Out
<60s 20s <5s 4, 1, 2 RS 422, HVQK, 1PPS In/Out 460800 -30 to +70 28VDC < 20W ext. - passive or active (E) SAASM Based
<210s 75s <10s 8, 1, 3, 3 ARINC 429, RS 232, Time Mark Pulse; discrete 460800 -40 to +65 28VDC < 18W ext. - passive or active (E) TSO C145c (Beta-3) and TSO C146c (Delta-4)
certified
<40s <20s <1s 4 RS-232, USB, Ext Pwr, Ext GNSS Antenna up to 460800 -40 to +70 ext/int 3.3 int/ext LongLink Technology; TILT Technology; Hybrid;
Cellular; Bluetooth
<60s < 30s < 1s 3 RS-232, USB, Ext Pwr up to 460800 -30 to +70 ext/int 3 int. Internal digital UHF and FH915 (SpSp) radio with
cellular (HSPA/CDMA) options; Bluetooth
<60s < 35s <1s 2 RS-232, Ext Power up to 115200 -40 to +65 ext/int 4 int Internal digital UHF and FH915 (SpSp) radio with
cellular (HSPA/CDMA) options; Bluetooth
<40s <20s <1s 2 RS-232/Ext Power and mini USB up to 115200 -40 to +65 ext/int 2 int LongLink Technology; Hybrid; Cellular; Bluetooth
<60s <10s <1s 8 2 RS-232, 1 RS-422, USB Host USB Type-A, up to 460800 -40 to +80 ext < 5.0 ext GNSS reference network receiver; internal back
USB Device Mini-B, 2 Power, 1 Ethernet (PoE) up power (UPS); 1 External Frequency; 1 PPS;
1 Event Mark; UBS host and device supporting
OTG functionality; Ehterne (POE class 3); Class
2 Bluetoothe +EDR; Wifi; NTRIP client, cater, and
server functionality, TCP/IP and FTP with multiple
address ports, Web user interface vis Ehternet
and WiFi connectivity
<60s <10s <1s 7 DEUTSCHE DTM 12 Pin Receptacle for Power up to 115200 -40 to +75 ext 12W max ext (x2) GNSS Modular receiver with dual antenna input
and Comms, 3x Serial, CAN, PPS, Turck M12 support for precise heading (and inclination)
8-pin, breaks out to RJ45 and SAE power determination using Topcons HD2 technology;
PPS support
<60s <35s <1s 10 2 RS232, 4 LVTTL UART, 1 USB, 1 CAN, 1 I2C up to 115200 -40 to +85 ext. 1.0W ext/int Compact OEM L1/L2 GNSS board for high
interface, 1 PPS precision RTK positioning
<60s <35s <1s 10 2 RS232, 4 LVTTL UART, 1 USB, 1 CAN, 1 I2C up to 115200 -40 to +85 ext 1.0W ext/int Compact OEM L1/L2 GNSS board for high
interface, 1 PPS precision RTK positioning
<60s <35s <1s 6 2 RS232, 4 LVTTL UART, 1 USB, 1 CAN, 1 up to 115200 -40 to +85 ext 2.0W ext/int Compact OEM Full Constellation GNSS board for
Ethernet, 1 PPS high precision RTK positioning with Ethernet
<60s <35s <1s 8 4 RS-232, 1 Ethernet, 1 USB, 2 CAN up to 115200 -40 to +75 ext 4.8W ext OEM GPS Board; USB Host and Device
<60s <30s <15s 1,1,1,1,1 D9 Serial; 7pin Lemo; Mini USB (Device and 2400 - 460800 38,400 (Port 1 115,200 40 to +65 3.8W (setting dependent) Zephyr Geodetic II GNSS Choke Full GNSS CORS featuring advanced data
Host modes); RJ45 Ethernet: TCP/IP, UDP, (Port 2) Ring GNSS-Ti Choke Ring logging and power parameters, 8GB internal
HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, NTRIP Caster, NTRIP memory, global RTX correction capability, secure
Client, NTRIP Server, NTP; Bluetooth Web User Interface with Position Monitoring.
60s typ. 40s typ. <5s typ. 2,1,1 RS-232/Bluetooth/USB (selected model or via 110 - 115,000 -20 to +60 int/opt ext 1.3 w/typical use Int Patch Ultra rugged handheld available in a number
separate accessory) of configurations (camera, barcode scanner,
cellular data).
nr nr nr 1,1,1,1 Serial/WiFi/Bluetooth/USB nr -30 C to 60 C ext/int nr Internal Ultra rugged handheld available in a number
of configurations (camera, barcode scanner,
cellular data).

Trimble R1 44 L1/G1 GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou, Unrestricted GHLMNOV1 11.2cm x 6.8cm 0.19kg nr/75cm+1ppm HRMS/nr nr 1Hz
QZSS, L1 SBAS, ViewPoint RTX x 2.6cm
Trimble R2 220 L1/L2 (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, Unrestricted GLMNOPRV1 14.0cm () x 1.08kg 1-5m/0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/3mm+0.5 nr 1Hz
QZSS), MSS (RTX), L1 SBAS 11.4cm ppm,5mm+0.5ppm
Trimble R8s 440 Satellie signals tracked simultaneously: - GPS: Unrestricted GLMNOPRV1 19.0cm () x 1.52kg 1-5m/0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/3mm+0.5 100 1,2,5,10,20Hz
L1C/A, L1C, L2C, L2E, L5 - GLONASS: L1C/A, 10.4cm ppm,5mm+0.5ppm
L1P, L2C/A, L2P, L3 - SBAS: L1C/A, L5 (for
SBAS satellites that support L5) - Galileo: E1,
E5A, E5B - BeiDou: B1, B2 - SBAS: QZSS,
WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN
Trimble R9s 440 Satellie signals tracked simultaneously: - GPS: Unrestricted GLMNOPRV1 24.0cm 12.0cm 1.65kg 1-5m/0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/3mm+0.5 100 1,2,5,10,20Hz
E5a, E5B - BeiDou: B1, B2 - CenterPoint RTX,
OmniSTAR VBS, HP, XP, G2, VBS positioning -
SBAS: QZSS, WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN
Trimble R10 440 Satellie signals tracked simultaneously: - GPS: Unrestricted GLMNOPRV1 11.9cm () x 1.12kg 1-5m/0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/3mm+0.5 100 1,2,5,10,20Hz
E5a, E5B - BeiDou: B1, B2 - CenterPoint RTX,
OmniSTAR VBS, HP, XP, G2, VBS positioning -
SBAS: QZSS, WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN
Geo7X with Trimble Access 220 - GPS: L1C/A, L2C, L2E GLONASS: L1C/A, 44 GHLN1 9.9 x 23.4 x 5.6cm 0.925kg 15m/0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/13mm+1 100 1Hz RTK
L1P, L2C/A, L2P SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS/ ppm/5mm+0.5ppm
MSAS): L1C/A
GPS Pathfinder ProXRT 440 L1 / L2, GPS / GLONASS L1 / L2, 88 GLN1 9.4 x 4.7 x 1.9in 3.42lb na / 30cm / 10cm / 10cm na 1
Omnistar, SBAS
Trimble Geo 7X 220 GPS: L1C/A, L2C, L2E GLONASS: L1C, 44 GHLN1 234 x 99 x 56mm 1080g 2-5m/75cm/10cm/10cm (1cm with carrier) na 1Hz
L2P Galileo: E1 QZSS: L1C/A, L2C, L1-SAIF (9.2 x 3.9 x 2.2in)
BeiDou: B1 SBAS: WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS/
GAGAN (L1C/A)
Bison 32 L1, C/A code GPS +GLONASS 32 AGHLMMETNPV2 19 x 19 x 2.54mm 1.74g <1.5 50 5 - 20Hz
Bison3 32 L1, C/A code GPS +GLONASS or GPS 33 AGHLMMETNPV3 19 x 19 x 3.05mm 1.80g <1.5 50 5 - 20Hz
+Beidou
Aardvark 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 19 x 19 x 2.54mm 0.544g <2.5 1, 5, 10Hz
A3000 22 L1, C/A code 22 LV1 115 x 78 x 26mm 100g <2.5 1, 5, 10Hz
Copernicus II GPS 12 L1, C/A code 12 AGHLMMETNPV2 2.54 x 19 x 19 0.7oz 3m 50 1

Condor C1011 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 10 x 10 x 2mm 0.364g <2.5 1Hz
Condor C1216 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 16 x 12.2 x 0.544g <2.5 1Hz
2.13mm
Condor C1722 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 17 x 22.4 x 0.953g <2.5 1Hz
2.13mm
Condor C1919 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 19 x 19 x 2.54mm 1.74g <2.5 1Hz
Condor C2626 22 L1, C/A code 22 AGHLMMETNPV2 26 x 26 x 6mm 6.486g <2.5 1Hz
Trimble AP10 Board Set 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 24 ADGLMNOPR2 167 x 100 x 0.28kg (including IMU) 1.5 3m/0.25- 1m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 200Hz
GALILEO, OmniSTAR 45Hmm (including /0.02 - 0.05m
IMU)
Trimble APX-15 UAV 220 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2, BeiDou B1/ ACGNOPR2 67 x 60 x 15Hmm 60 grams 1.5 - 3m/0.5 - 2m/0.02 - 0.05m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 200Hz
B2, Galileo, QZSS, SBAS (including IMU)
Trimble AP15 Board Set 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, BeiDou B1/B2, 24 ADGLMNOPR2 130 x 100 x 0.28kg (not including 1.5 3m/0.25- 1m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 200Hz
SBAS, QZSS, GALILEO, OmniSTAR 39Hmm (not IMU) /0.02 - 0.05m
including IMU)
Trimble AP20 Board Set 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, BeiDou B1/B2, 24 ADGLMNOPR2 130 x 100 x 0.68kg (not including 1.5 3m/0.5 - 2m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 100Hz
including IMU)
including IMU)
including IMU)
including IMU)
BD910 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 41 x 41 x 7mm 0.7oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 20
GALILEO, BeiDou B1/B2 mm+0.1 ppm
BD920 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 51 x 41 x 7mm 0.85oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 20
BD920 -W3G GNSS 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 50 x 62 x 14mm 54oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 20
Receiver GALILEO, BeiDou B1/B2 mm+0.1 ppm
BD930 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2/L23, SBAS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 51 x 41 x 7mm 1.06oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 20
QZSS, GALILEO, BeiDou B1/B2 mm+0.1 ppm
BD930-UHF GNSS 220 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2/L23, SBAS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 60 x 55 x 15mm 2.12oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 20
Receiver QZSS, GALILEO, BeiDou B1/B2 mm+0.1 ppm
BD982 GNSS Heading 220 x 2 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 100 x 84.9 x 3.2oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 50
Receiver GALILEO, VECTOR Antenna -GPS, GLONASS 11.6mm mm+0.1 ppm
BD970 GNSS Receiver 220 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 100 x 60 x 11.6mm 2.2oz 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 50
BX982 GNSS Heading 220 x 2 GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2, SBAS, QZSS, 44 DGLMNPRTV2 262 x 140 x 55mm 1.6kg 15m/0.25m+0.5ppm/8mm+1ppm/3 100 50
Receiver GALILEO, VECTOR Antenna -GPS, GLONASS mm+0.1 ppm
Trimble BD935-INS 336 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2/L3, BeiDou ACGNOPR2 67 x 60 x 15Hmm 60 grams 1.5 - 3m/0.5 - 2m/0.02 - 0.05m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 100Hz
Receiver with IMU B1/B2, Galileo E1/E5A/E5B, QZSS, SBAS (including IMU)
Trimble BX935-INS 336 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2/L3, BeiDou ACGNOPR2 149 x 93 x 43Hmm 660 grams 1.5 - 3m/0.5 - 2m/0.02 - 0.05m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 100Hz
Enclosed Receiver with IMU B1/B2, Galileo E1/E5A/E5B, QZSS, SBAS
Trimble MB-Two Receiver 240 GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS L1/L2, BeiDou B1/ DGLMNPRTV2 71 x 46 x 11Hmm 24 grams 1.5 - 3m/0.5 - 2m/0.02 - 0.05m/0.02 - 0.05m 100 50Hz
B2, Galileo, QZSS, SBAS
Trimble SPS985 GNSS 440 L1/L2/L5,GLONASS L1/L2, Galileo, BeiDou, Unrestricted GLVPRT1 12 13cm (4.7 1.55kg (3.42lb) receiver 15m/0.25m+1ppm/8mm+1ppm/3m 100 1,2,5,10,20Hz
Smart Antenna SBAS, OmniSTAR, QZSS x 5.1 in) only including radio m+0.1ppm
and battery
Trimble SPS855 GNSS 440 L1/L2/L5,GLONASS L1/L2, Galileo, BeiDou, Unrestricted LMNPRTV1 24 12 5cm (9.4 1.65kg (3.64lb) receiver 15m/0.25m+1ppm/8mm+1ppm/3m 100 1,2,5,10,20Hz
Modular Receiver SBAS, OmniSTAR, QZSS x 4.7 x 1.9in) with internal battery m+0.1ppm
and radio
Trimble SPS585 GNSS 220 L1/L2 (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, Unrestricted LMNOPRV1 11.7cm (4.6") 0.733 kg (1.62 lb) "15m/ nr 1Hz RTK
Smart Antenna QZSS), MSS (RTX), L1 SBAS Diameter x 10.0cm 0.25m+1ppm,0.50m+1ppm/
(3.9") High 10mm+1ppm,20mm+1ppm/nr"
Force 22E MRU Module 24 L1, C/A, P & Y-code (encrypted P-code); 12 ADLMNOPT2 3.14 x 3.82 x 0.5in 3.9oz <5m 40 1
L2, P & Y-code
Force 27 SEGR 24 L1, C/A, P & Y-code (encrypted P-code); 12 ADLMNOPT2 3.92 x 4.92 x 0.6in 0.5lb <5m 40 1 to 10
L2, P & Y-code
Force 27 SPS 12 L1, C/A code 12 ADLMNOPT2 3.92 x 4.92 x 0.6in 0.5lb <5m 40 1 to 10
Force 524D GRAM/GASR 24 L1, C/A, P & Y-code (encrypted P-code); 12 ADLMNOPT2 5.88 x 5.715 0.94lb <5m 40 1 to 10
Module L2, P & Y-code x 0.6in
Force 524 SPS 12 L1, C/A code 12 ADLMNOPT2 5.88 x 5.715 0.94lb <5m 40 1 to 10
x 0.6in
Force 524D VMEA 24 L1, C/A, P & Y-code (encrypted P-code); 12 ADLMNOPT2 6U VME, Single- 2.5lb <5m 40 1 to 10
L2, P & Y-code Height
TA24 Certified Sensor 24 L1, C/A, P & Y-code (encrypted P-code); 12 ADNOPT1 5.00 x 9.50 x 3.73lb <5m 40 1
L2, P & Y-code 2.10in
Acutime 360 Mulit-GNSS 32 GPS: L1, GLONASS: L1C, Galileo: E1, 32 TI 3.74 D, 2.85in H 5.4oz 40m CEP; velocity 0.25m/s CEP 15 1Hz
Smart Antenna BeiDou: B1
Bullet III GPS Antenna na L1 na TI 3.05 x 2.61 6.0oz na na na
Bullet GG (GPS & na GPS: L1 & GLONASS: L1C na TI 3.05 x 2.61 6.0oz na na na
GLONASS) Antenna
Bullet L1 L2 Antenna na L1 & L2 C/A Code GPS na TI 3.05 x 2.61 6.0oz na na na

(degrees Celsius)
nr nr nr 1,1 USB,Bluetooth nr -20 to +60 int nr Internal Higher-accuracy GNSS for mobile devices,
Trimble ViewPoint RTX
nr nr nr 1,1,1,1 USB,Bluetooth,WiFi,Radio nr -20 to +55 int/ext < 3.7W in RTK mode Internal Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 custom GNSS
Survey chip, Trimble EVEREST multipath
signal rejection, Trimble CenterPoint RTX
<60s <30s <15s 3,1,1 2 x RS232, Bluetooth, Radio coms 38,400 (Port 1) 115,200 (Port 2) -40 to +65 int/ext < 3.2W in RTK mode Internal Zephyr 2 Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 custom GNSS
Survey chips, Trimble 360 Technology
<60s <30s <12s 3,1,3 RS-232, Ethernet, Bluetooth 110 - 115,000 -20 to +60 int/ext < 6W in RTK mode Zephyr Model 2 Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 custom GNSS
Survey chips, Trimble 360 Technology, Trimble
CenterPoint RTX. The modular GNSS receiver
design allows maximum flexibility for use as a
base station or rover. The modular receiver can
be located in a safe location while the external
antenna can be placed for maximum usability.
<60s <30s <15s 1,1,1,1,1,1 USB, RS232, Bluetooth, WiFi, Radio antenna, 38,400 (Port 1) 115,200 (Port 2) -40 to +65 int/ext < 5.1W in RTK mode Internal Zephyr 2 Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 custom GNSS
3.5G UMTS Cellular Modem Survey chips, Trimble 360 Technology, HD-GNSS
processing Technology, xFill Technology,
SurePoint Technology with Full Tilt Compensation,
Trimble CenterPoint RTX
<60s <30s <15s 1,1,1,1 USB, Bluetooth, WiFi, 3.5G USB 2.0, Bluetooth 2.1 +EDR, WiFi 20 to +50 ext/int 2.7W - 3.7W Internal L1/L2 and external Zephyr Trimble R-Track Technology, Advanced Maxwell
802.11b/g, UMTS/HSDPA 800 / 850 2 antenna Survey GNSS chip
/ 900 / 1900 / 2100 MHz, GPRS/
EDGE 850/900/1800/1900 MHz,
CDMA/EV-DO Rev. A 800 / 1900
MHz (Verizon certified)
60s typ 30s typ. <5s typ 2,2 Bluetooth / RS232 110 - 115,000 -20 to +60 int / opt. ext 4.4W Ext antenna Flexible GNSS receiver with real-time decimeter
accuracy
<60s <30s <5s 1,3,1,2 RS-232 (via cable adapter) /Integrated virtual 110 - 115,000 -30 to +60 C external/internal <4.5W (typ) Internal or external L1/L2 antenna Includes cellular data capability, Trimble Floodlight
com ports/USB/Bluetooth Technology and laser rangefinder module.
38s 35s 2s 1 serial 115200 40 to +85 ext 45mA @ 3V typical supports active/passive Dead reckoning position when connected to
vehicle speed. Onboard gyro and accel.
38s 35s 2s 2 serial, CAN 115200 40 to +85 ext 55mA @ 3V typical, tracking supports active/passive Dead reckoning position when connected to
vehicle speed and driection. Onboard gyro.
Onboard accel optional.
38s 35s 2s 1 +1 serial & usb 38400 40 to +85 ext <37 mA typical 20C supports active/passive Dead reckoning position when connected to
vehicle speed. Onboard gyro.
38s 35s 2s 1 +1 serial 9600 or higher 40 to +85 ext/int battery <40 mA typical, 9 - 30 VDC external active 3.3v Dead reckoning position when connected to
vehicle speed. Onboard gyro. IP54 packaging,
onboard battery and charger
38s 35s 2s 2 TTL 40 to +85 ext/int 44 mA @3.0 V Micropatch (ER)
38s 35s 2s 1 serial 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C
38s 35s 2s 1 +1 serial & usb 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C
38s 35s 2s 1 serial & usb 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C
38s 35s 2s 1 serial 9600 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C

38s 35s 2s 1 serial 9600 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C
<60s <30s <15s 1,4,1,5 Ethernet, RS232, 1PPS, Event 2,400115,200 -40 to +75 ext < 20W (incl IMU and ant) MMCX receptacle GNSS +Inertial for continuous positioning during
satellite blockage
<60s <30s <15s Ethernet, RS232, 1PPS, Event 2,400115,200 -40 to +75 ext ~3.5W at room temperature MMCX receptacle Small lightweight high accuracy GNSS +Inertial
solution for direct georeferencing of unmanned
aerial vehicles and sensors
<60s <30s <15s 1,4,1,5 Ethernet, RS232, 1PPS, Event 2,400115,200 -40 to +75 ext <20W (incl ant, not incl IMU) MMCX receptacle GNSS +Inertial for continuous positioning during
satellite blockage and high accuracy orientation
for mobile mapping
for mobile mapping
for mobile mapping
<60s <30s <15s 1,4,1,5 Ethernet, RS232, 1PPS, Event 115,200 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +85 ext <20W (incl ant, not incl IMU) MMCX receptacle GNSS +Inertial for continuous positioning during
for mobile mapping
<60s <30s <15s 1,4,1,5 Ethernet, RS232, 1PPS, Event 115,200 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +85 ext <20W (incl ant, not incl IMU) MMCX receptacle GNSS +Inertial for continuous positioning during
for mobile mapping
<45s <30s <2s 4,1,1 RS-232, Ethernet, USB 115,200 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +85 ext 1.1W MCXX receptacle
<45s <30s <2s 4,1,2 RS-232, Ethernet, USB 115,200 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +75 ext 1.3W MMCX receptacle, 44-pin header GNSS receiver with integrated Bluetooth and WiFi
wireless communications
<45s <30s <2s 3,1,1 RS-232, Ethernet, USB 115,200 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +80 ext 2.0W MCXX receptacle GNSS receiver with integrated UHF wireless
communications
<45s <30s <2s 4,1,1,1 RS-232, Ethernet, USB, CAN 460,800 RS-232, 10/100Mbps Ethr -40 to +75 ext 2.1 W MCXX receptacle
<45s <30s <2s 3,1,1,1 RS-232, Ethernet, USB, CAN 38400 -40 to +85 ext 1.5W MCXX receptacle
<45s <30s <2s 3,1,1,1 RS-232, Ethernet, USB, CAN 57600 40 to +85 ext 4.1 W TNC
<45s <30s <2s 4 Ethernet, 2x RS232, USB 2,400115,200 -40 to +75 ext ~3.5W at room temperature MMCX receptacle Small lightweight high accuracy GNSS
+integrated Inertial navigation system for precision
guidance and control applications
<45s <30s <2s 4 Ethernet, 2x RS232, USB 2,400115,200 -40 to +75 ext ~3.5W at room temperature TNC Small lightweight high accuracy GNSS
+integrated Inertial navigation system for precision
guidance and control applications
<60s <45s <2s 5 Ethernet, 3x Serial, USB, CAN, 1PPS, Event 2,400921,600 -40 to +85 ext ~3.5W at room temperature MMCX receptacle Small lightweight high accuracy GNSS with high
performance RTX, Heading and Attitude
<60s <30s <12s 1 Wi-Fi, USB/RS-232, Bluetooth up to 115,000 -30 to +60 Removable Li-Ion and ext < 3.7W in RTK mode Smart Antenna Precise The Trimble SPS985 GNSS Smart Antenna has
an ultra-rugged GNSS smart antenna design with
integrated wireless communications. It is ideal for
construction applications such as grade checking,
construction site surveying, site supervision, and
as a temporary base station with traditional radio
or Wi-Fi communications.
<60s <30s <12s 3,1,3 RS-232, Ethernet, Bluetooth 110 - 115,000 -20 to +60 Internal Li-Ion and ext 6W Zephyr Model 2 The Trimble SPS855 GNSS Modular Receiver
allows maximum flexibility for use as a base
station or rover. The modular receiver can be
located in a safe location while the external
antenna can be placed for maximum usability.
nr nr nr 1,1,1 USB,Bluetooth,WiFi nr 20 C to +55 C (4 F 9000 mA-hr Li-ION battery/ 3.5W at 18 V, in rover mode. Internal Advanced Trimble Maxwell 6 custom GNSS chip,
to +131 F) ext USB 10W when charging Trimble EVEREST multipath signal rejection,
CenterPoint RTX
<60s <2s <2s 3 RS-232, RS-422 variable 40 to +85 ext <4W + 5VDC Active L1/L2 FRPA SAASM Compliant
<60s <2s <2s 3 RS-232, RS-422 variable -54 to +85 ext <6W Various FRPA/CRPA/DAE SAASM Compliant
<60s <2s <2s 3 RS-232, RS-422 variable -54 to +85 ext <6W Various FRPA/CRPA
<60s <2s <2s 4 RS-232, RS-422, DP-RAM variable -54 to +85 ext <7.5W Various FRPA/CRPA/DAE SAASM Compliant
<60s <2s <2s 4 RS-232, RS-422, DP-RAM variable -54 to +85 ext <7.5W Various FRPA/CRPA
<60s <2s <2s 4 RS-232, RS-422, A24 and A32 VME 4,800 - 115,200 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 ext <7.5W Various FRPA/CRPA/DAE SAASM Compliant
<60s <2s <2s 4 ARINC-429, RS-422, RS-232 4,800 - 115,200 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +55 ext <15W + 5VDC Active L1/L2 FRPA SAASM Compliant
<60s <2s <2s 2 RS-422/485 or RS-232 11500 40 to +85 ext <1.0 Patch
na na na na na 9600 40 to +85 ext <20 mA - 3V 30 mA - 5V na


Bullet 360 Antenna na GPS: L1, GLONASS: L1C, Galileo: E1, na TI 3.05 x 2.61 6.0oz na na na
BeiDou: B1
Resolution SMT 360 Multi- 32 GPS L1, C/A, GLONASS L1C, BeiDou B1 and 32 T2 19 x 19 x 2.54mm 1.7g na 15ns 1Hz
GNSSTiming Module Galileo E1 ready
Resolution SMT 360 Multi- 32 GPS L1, C/A, GLONASS L1C, BeiDou B1 and 32 T2 17 x 22 x 2.54mm 1.8g na 15ns 1Hz
ICM SMT 360 Multi- 32 GPS L1, C/A, GLONASS L1C, BeiDou B1 and 32 T2 19 x 19 x 2.54mm 1.7g na 15ns 1Hz
Mini-T GG Multi--GNSS 32 GPS: L1 & GLONASS: L1C 32 T2 70x76x16 53g na 15ns 1Hz
Disciplined Clock
Thunderbolt E Disciplined 12 L1 only C/A code 12 T2 4x2x5 0.628lb na <15ns 1Hz
Clock
u-blox UBX-M8030-KA-DR, u-blox 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 5.0 x 5.0 x 0.59mm na "Horizontal pos. accuracy 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
www.u-blox.com M8 3D Dead Reckoning B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, Autonomous: 2.5m CEP
GNSS single chip; EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN SBAS: 1.5m CEP
Automotive Grade, QFN40 GPS/GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP"
package
UBX-M8030-KT-DR, u-blox 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 5.0 x 5.0 x 0.59mm na "Horizontal pos. accuracy 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
M8 3D Dead Reckoning B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, Autonomous: 2.5m CEP
GNSS single chip; EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN SBAS: 1.5m CEP
Professional Grade QFN40 GPS/GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP"
package
LEA-M8T, NEO-M8T u-blox 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 17.0 x 22.4 x 2.6g, 1.6g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: <20 (RMS) 4Hz
M8 GNSS Timing modules, B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm; 12.2 x 16.0 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP; GPS/
28 pin LCC (LEA), 24 pin EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN x 2.4mm GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
LCC (NEO), Professional
Grade
LEA-M8F, u-blox M8 GNSS 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, 32 in parallel 17.0 x 22.4 x 2.6g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: <20 (RMS) 1 Hz
Time and Frequency BeiDou B1I, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, 3.5mm 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP; GPS/
reference module, 28 pin MSAS, GAGAN GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
LCC, Professional Grade
EVA-M8E, u-blox M8 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 7.0 x 7.0 x 1.1mm 0.13g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
Miniature Untethered Dead B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP; GPS/
Reckoning GNSS Module, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
43 pin LGA, Professional
Grade
NEO-M8U, u-blox 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
M8 Untethered Dead B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP; GPS/
Reckoning GNSS Module, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
24 pin LCC, Professional
Grade
NEO-M8L, u-blox M8 Dead 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
Reckoning GNSS Module, B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 1.5m CEP; GPS/
24 pin LCC, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
Grade
NEO-M8L-01A, u-blox M8 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, BeiDou 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Horizontal pos. accuracy; Autonomous: 30 (RMS) Up to 20Hz
Dead Reckoning GNSS B1I, Galileo E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 1.5m CEP; GPS/
Module, 24 pin LCC, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GLONASS: 4.0 m CEP
Automotive Grade
NEO-M8P, u-blox M8 High 72 par. GPS L1 C/A, GLONASS L1OF, BeiDou B1I 30 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Standalone 2.5m CEP RTK 0.025m 30 (RMS) RTK up to 8Hz
Precision GNSS modules, 2.4mm +1 ppm CEP
Grade
NEO-7P, u-blox 7 Precise 56 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, SBAS L1 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Up to 10Hz
Point Positioning GNSS C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS 2.4 mm SBAS+PPP: < 1m CEP
module, 24 pin LCC,
Professional Grade
UBX-G8020-KT, u-blox 8 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, SBAS L1 32 in parallel QFN: 5.0 x 5.0 x na Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Up to 18Hz
Single GNSS chip, QFN40, C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS 0.59mm
Professional Grade
MAX-8 series, u-blox 8 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, SBAS L1 32 in parallel 9.7 x 10.1 x 2.5mm 0.6 g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Up to 18Hz
Single GNSS modules, C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS
Grade
EVA-8M, u-blox 8 Single 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, SBAS L1 32 in parallel 7.0 x 7.0 x 1.1 mm 0.13g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Up to 18Hz
GNSS module, 43 pin LGA, C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS
Professional Grade
NEO-8Q, u-blox 8 Single 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, SBAS L1 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Up to 18Hz
GNSS module, 24 pin LCC, C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS 2.4mm
Professional Grade
u-blox M8 Concurrent 72 par. GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel QFN: 5.0 x 5.0 x na 2.0m CEP, For default mode: GPS / SBAS / 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up
GNSS chips: UBX-M8030- B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 0.59mm; CSP: QZSS+GLONASS with TCXO to 18Hz (ROM);
KT (QFN40, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN 2.99 x 3.21 x Concurrent GNSS, up
grade); UBX-M8030-KA 0.36mm to 10Hz (ROM)
(QFN40, Automotive
grade); UBX-M8030-CT
(CSP, Standard grade)
MAX-M8 series, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 9.7 x 10.1 x 2.5mm 0.6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up
Concurrent GNSS Modules, B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, to 18Hz (ROM);
18 pin LCC, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN Concurrent GNSS, up
Grade to 10Hz (ROM)
EVA-M8 Series, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 7.0 x 7.0 x 1.1mm 0.13g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up
Concurrent GNSS Modules, B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, to 18Hz (ROM);
43 pin LGA, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN Concurrent GNSS, up
Grade to 10Hz (ROM)
LEA-M8S, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 17.0 x 22.4 x 2.1 g Position: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up to
Concurrent GNSS module, B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm 18Hz; Concurrent
28 pin LCC, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GNSS, up to 10Hz
Grade
NEO-M8 series, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up
Concurrent GNSS module, B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm to 18Hz (ROM);
24 pin LCC, Professional EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN Concurrent GNSS, up
Grade to 10Hz (ROM)
NEO-M8Q-01A, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 12.2 x 16.0 x 1.6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up to
Concurrent GNSS module, B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 2.4mm 18Hz; Concurrent
24 pin LCC, Automotive EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GNSS, up to 10Hz
Grade
SAM-M8Q, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F, Galileo 32 in parallel 15.5 x 15.5 x 6g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up to
GNSS antenna module, 20 E1B/C, SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, EGNOS, 6.3mm 18Hz; Concurrent
pin LGA, Standard Grade MSAS, GAGAN GNSS, up to 10Hz
CAM-M8 series, u-blox M8 72 par GPS/QZSS L1 C/A, GLONASS L10F; BeiDou 32 in parallel 9.6 x 14.0 x 0.5g Autonomous: 2.5m CEP; SBAS: 2.0m CEP 30 (RMS) Single GNSS, up to
Concurrent GNSS antenna B1I, Galileo E1B/C; SBAS L1 C/A: WAAS, 1.95mm 18Hz; Concurrent
modules, 31 pin LCC, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN GNSS, up to 10Hz
Professional Grade
Unicore Communications UB380 384 channel GPS L1/L2/L5,GLONASS L1/L2,BDS B1/B2/B3 112 AGLMMetNOPRTV2 100 x 60 x 11.4mm 42g 1.5m/0.4m DGPS/0.6m <20 20Hz
www.unicorecomm.com SBAS/0.01m+1ppm/2.5mm+1ppm post
processed(All values in Horiz. RMS)
UM332/UM4B0 432 channel GPS L1/L2/L5 +BDS B1/B2/B3 +GLONASS L1/ 152 AGHLMMetNOPRTV2 40 x 30 x 4mm 1.6g 1.5m/0.4m DGPS/0.6m <20 20Hz
L2+GALILEO E1/E5a/E5b* SBAS/0.01m+1ppm/2.5mm+1ppm post
UB352 384 channel GPS L1/L2 +GLONASS L1/L2 +BDS B1 70 AGHLMMetNOPRTV2 46 x 71 x 13mm 38g 1.5m/0.4m DGPS/0.6m <20 20Hz
SBAS/0.01m+1ppm/2.5mm+1ppm post
UB282 384 channel GPS L1/L2 + GLONASS L1/L2 56 AGHLMMetNOPRTV2 100 x 60 x 11.4mm 40g 1.5m/0.4m DGPS/0.6m <22 10Hz
SBAS/0.01m+1ppm/2.5mm+0ppm post
UR380 384 channel GPS L1/L2, BDS B1/B3, GLONASS L1/ 112 AGLMMetNOPRTV1 222 x 164 x 79mm 1.8kg 1.5m/0.4m DGPS/0.6m <20 20Hz
L2,BDS B1/B2/B3 SBAS/0.01m+1ppm/2.5mm+1ppm post
UM220-III NV 64 GPS L1, BDS B1 64 CDHLMMetNPTV2 16.0 x 12.2 x 1.6g 2.5m CEP,Velocity:0.1m/s RMS na 1Hz
2.4mm
UM220-III NL 64 GPS L1, BDS B1 64 CDHLMMetNPTV2 16.0 x 12.2 x 1.6g 2.5m CEP,Velocity:0.1m/s RMS na 1Hz
2.4mm
UM220-III L 64 GPS L1, BDS B1 64 CDHLMMetNPTV2 22.4 x 17 2.4mm 3g 2.5m CEP,Velocity:0.1m/s RMS 20 1Hz
UM220-INS N 64 GPS L1, BDS B1 64 CDHLMMetNPTV2 16.0 x 12.2 x 1.6g 2.5m CEP,Velocity:0.1m/s RMS na 1-5Hz
2.4mm
UC221 64 GPS L1, BDS B1 64 CDHLMMetNPTV2 6 x 6 x 1.2mm 0.4g 2.5m CEP,Velocity:0.1m/s RMS,with TCXO 20 1Hz

(degrees Celsius)
na na na 2 TTL 11500 40 to +85 ext 250 mW Active/external
na na na 2 TTL 11500 40 to +85 ext <6W Active/external
na na na 1 RS232 115,200 (RS 232); USB 1Mbp 30 to +60 ext na External active 5v
26s (DR 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +105 1.4 3.6V "18mA @ 3.0V (single GNSS, E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS chip, Automotive Dead
immediately) continuous mode) Reckoning
22mA @ 3.0V (concurrent
GNSS, continuous mode)"
26s (DR 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 1.4 3.6V "18mA @ 3.0V (single GNSS, E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS chip, Automotive Dead
immediately) continuous mode) Reckoning
22mA @ 3.0V (concurrent
GNSS, continuous mode)"
25s (2s aided) 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 30mA @ 3.0V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Timing
26s (2s aided) 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 3.0 3.6V 41mA @ 3.3V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Timing
26s (DR 2s <1s 5 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C, 1 SQI 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 29mA @ 3.0V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Untethered Dead
immediately) interface (For Flash update) Reckoning, external Flash and sensor
26s (DR 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 29mA @ 3.0V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Untethered Dead
immediately) Reckoning, onboard sensor
26s (DR 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 29mA @ 3.0V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Automotive Dead
26s (DR 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 3.0 3.6V 29mA @ 3.0V (continuous) E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS module, Automotive Dead
26s 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 25mA @ 3.0V (continuous, E (passive & active) u-blox M8 High Precision GNSS module
GPS only)
30s (GPS) 5s (GPS) <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 22mA @ 3.0V (continuous, E (passive & active) u-blox 7 High Precision GNSS module
GPS only)
29s (GPS, TCXO) 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 1.4 3.6V 16mA @ 3.0V (continuous E (passive & active) u-blox 8 Standard Precision GNSS chip
mode), 3.7mA @ 3.0V
(PSM, 1 Hz)
29s (GPS, 2s (MAX-8Q) <1s 2 1 x UART, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps -40 to +85 MAX-8C: 1.653.6V; 16mA @ 3.0V (continuous), E (passive & active) u-blox 8 Standard Precision GNSS module
MAX-8Q) MAX-8Q: 2.7-3.6V 3.8mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
30s (GPS) 3s (GPS) <1s 5 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C, 1 SQI 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 1.65 3.6V 16mA @ 3.0V (continuous E (passive & active) u-blox 8 Standard Precision GNSS module
interface (For optional external Flash) mode), 3.7mA @ 3.0V
(PSM, 1 Hz)
29s (GPS) 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 3.6V 22mA @ 3.0V (continuous), E (passive & active) u-blox 8 Standard Precision GNSS module
10mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
Cold start: 26s 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 (Professinal 1.4 3.6 V For 2 GNSS concurrently:; E (passive & active) u-blox M8 GNSS Standard Precision GNSS chips
grade); -40 to +105 21mA @ 3.0V (continuous) ;
(automotive grade); -20 to 5.3mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
+70 (Standard grade)
Cold start: 26s MAX-M8Q/W: 2s; ; <1s 2 1 x UART, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps -40 to +85 MAX-M8C: 1.65 3.6V; MAX-M8C, GPS/SBAS/ E (passive & active) u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS modules
MAX-M8Q/W: 2.7 - 3.6V QZSS+GLONASS (default
mode):; 23mA @ 3V
(continuous); 5.4mA @ 3V
power Save mode (1 Hz)
Cold start: 26s EVA-M8M: 3s; <1s 5 1 x UART; 1 x USB; 1 x SPI (Optional); 1 x 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 1.65 - 3.6V EVA-M8M-0 default E (passive & active) u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS module
EVA-M8Q: 2s; DDC (I2C compliant); 1 x SQI interface (For mode: GPS/SBAS/
Flash update) QZSS+GLONASS:; 22mA @
3V (continuous); 5.3mA @ 3V
power save mode (1 Hz)
Cold start: 26s 2s <1s 3 1 x UART; 1 x USB; 1 x DDC (I2C compliant) 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85 2.7 - 3.6V 22mA @ 3V (continuous); E (passive & active) u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS module
6.2mA @ 3V (power save
mode, 1 Hz)
26s NEO-M8Q/N : 2s; <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +85; 1.65 3.6V (NEO-M8M); NEO-M8M default mode: E (passive & active) u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS modules
NEO-M8M: 3s 2.7 3.6V (NEO-M8N/Q) 21mA @ 3.0V (continuous);
5.3mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
26s 2s <1s 4 1 x UART, 1 x USB, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps; USB: 12 Mb/s -40 to +105 2.7 3.6V 22mA @ 3.0V (continuous); E (passive & active) u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS module
6.3mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
26s 2s <1s 2 1 x UART, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps -40 to +85 2.7 3.3V 28mA @ 3.0V (continuous), Integrated patch antenna u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS module
11.5mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz)
26s 2s (CAM-M8Q) <1s 3 1 x UART, 1 x SPI, 1 x I2C 4,800 - 460,800 bps -40 to +85; CAM-M8C: 1.65 3.6V; 28mA @ 3.0V (continuous), Integrated chip antenna, or external u-blox M8 Standard Precision GNSS module
CAM-M8Q: 2.7 3.6V 10.1mA @ 3.0V (PSM, 1 Hz) antenna
50s / <1s 8 1xLAN, 1xUART(RS-232), 2,400-921600 -40 to +85 3.3V +5%/-3% DC 2.6W(typical) Active, GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS BDS/GPS/GLONASS Tri-System Octa-Frequency
2xUART(LVTTL),1xUSB; 1*1PPS; 1*EVENT; L1/L2 and BDS B1/B2/B3 High Precision Board,CE, FCC compliant
1*Ext. OSC.
<45s / <1s 7 3xUART, 1x1PPS,1xEvent, 1xI2C, 1xSPI 9600-460800 -40 to +85 3.3V +3.6V DC 1.8W(typical) Active, GPS L1/L2/L5 + BDS BDS/GPS/GLONASS/GALILEO multi-system
B1/B2/B3 + GLONASS L1/L2+ high precision module; Small lightweight high
GALILEO E1/E5a/E5b* accuracy GNSS +integrated Inertial navigation
system,support RTK/Heading
50s / <1s 4 3xUART, 1x1PPS 2,400-921600 -40 to +85 3.3V +5%/-3% DC 1.3W(typical) Active, GPS L1/L2 + GLONASS L1/ Compatible with main stream GNSS OEM boards
L2 + BDS B1 in dimension; Support GPS L1/L2 +GLONASS
L1/L2 +BDS B1
50s / <1s 7 1xLAN, 1xUART(RS-232); 2,400-921601 -40 to +85 3.3V +5%/-3% DC 2.8W(typical) Active, GPS L1/L2 + GLONASS Dual Antanna
2xUART(LVTTL),1*1PPS; 1*EVENT L1/L2
50s / <1s 11 1*RS-232(DB9),1*RS232(LEMO),1*RS232/485 2,400-921600 -40 to +85 9-18V DC 4.8W(typical) Active, GPS L1/L2/L5, GLONASS BDS/GPS/GLONASS Tri-System Octa-Frequency
(LEMO),1*LAN(RJ45),1*USB(LEMO),WiFi, BT, L1/L2 and BDS B1/B2/B3 High Precision Receiver,CE, FCC compliant
WCDMA; 1*1PPS; 1*EVENT; 1*Ext. OSC.
Cold start 30s, / <1s 4 1xUART, 1x1SPI, 1xI2C, 1xEvent, 1x1PPS 4,800-115,200 -40 to +85 2.7~3.6V 120mW Passive & Active BDS/GPS dual-system module designed for
Hot start <1s In-dash automotive applications
Cold start 30s, / <1s 2 1xUART, 1x1PPS 4,800-115,200 -30 to +70 2.7~3.6V 120mW Passive & Active BDS/GPS dual-system module designed for
Hot start <1s automotive applications, handheld devices
Cold start 30s, / <1s 2 2xUART, 1x0PPS 4,800-115,200 -30 to +70 2.7~3.6V 120mW Passive & Active BDS/GPS dual-system module designed
Hot start <1s for precise timing of electrical power/
telecommunication
Cold start 30s, / <1s 6 2xUART, 1x1PPS,1xSpeed,1xFWD,1xEvent 4,800-115,200 -40 to +85 2.7~3.6V 150mW Passive & Active BDS/GPS+MEMS dual-system module designed
Hot start <1s for In-dash automotive navigation and high-end
navigation
Cold start 32s, / <1s 4 2xUART, 1xSPI, 1x I2C 4,800-115,200 -40 to +85 Core:1.1V ~ 1.3V,I/O:1.7V 60mW@1.8V Passive & Active GPS/BDS high performance low-power
Hot start <1s ~ 1.9V GNSS SoC, which features single chip
architecture(RF+BB) to provide users with low
power consumption, high-performance

IS A 7-LETTER WORD
INTRODUCING
NOVATEL OEM7
novatel.com/inspire
UAV | LAUNCHPAD
3
1. SMART DRONE WITH DUAL- Sunnyvale, California, thin-film solar-cell excellent performance even in changing
SCREEN CONTROLLER company Alta Devices. The ppX-LRS light conditions and outdoors. The
CONTROLLER INSPIRED BY
can fly up to 5.5 hours. Both versions can glasses AR operating system provides
SMARTPHONES AND TABLETS
carry an array of advanced sensors for stereoscopic interactivity, 3D gesture
remote sensing, aero photogrammetry, perception, intelligent speech recognition,
The Evolve drone has a dual-screen surveying and agricultural mapping as natural image recognition and inertial
remote controller, empowering users with well as intelligence, surveillance and measurement unit (IMU) displayed with
industry-grade features and functionality. reconnaissance missions. The new ppX an improved 3D graphical user interface.
The remote controller is a smart pilot is complemented with a C3P (command, HiScene, www.hiscene.com
system (SPS) that combines all required control, communications and planning)
functions for amateur and professional software package for mission planning 4. FLYING CAMERA SYSTEM
users flying and filming needs under a and flight control, enabling situational PROFESSIONAL IMAGE PROCESSING
single interface. Functioning as a 7-inch awareness and intuitive systems control. EMBEDDED IN AIR FRAME
viewfinder and a 5-inch multi-touch It also has an online fleet management
control panel, the foldable dual-screen and maintenance support system that The Inspire 2 improves on the Inspire1
has minimal buttons and sticks, providing will enable current users and operators to with a new image-processing system
an intuitive experience. Both screens are share technical data and mission profile embedded into the airframe, the CineCore
luminously visible and operable in direct and performance parameters advice. 2.0. It records up to 5.2K in CinemaDNG
sunlight. The controller features a 64-bit Sensors available range from visible RAW, Apple ProRes and other formats.
quad-core CPU, a dedicated GPU, 4GB light to multispectral, hyperspectral and It flies from 0 to 50 mph (80 kph) in 5
DDR3 RAM and Android OS inside. advanced gas laser sensors capable of seconds, reaches 58 mph (94 kph) and
It comes with a GPS module, inertial detecting 0.05 ppm of methane gas in the has a maximum descent speed of 9 m/s.
measurement unit sensors, Micro-SD card air above the areas of interest where leaks A dual-battery system prolongs the flight
slot, USB port and micro HDMI-out port, could develop. time to 27 minutes (with an X4S), while
allowing comprehensive extendibility such C-ASTRAL Aerospace, www.c-astral.com self-heating technology allows it to fly in
as additional storage, FPV goggles and VR low temperatures. DJIs Flight Autonomy
headsets. 3. AR GLASSES provides two directions of obstacle
XDynamics, www.xdynamics.com THREE COMPANIES WORK TO IMPROVE avoidance and sensor redundancy.
THE AUGMENTED REALITY EXPERIENCE Increased intelligence adds multiple
2. SURVEY-GRADE UAS intelligent flight modes, including
ALSO COMES IN SOLAR-POWERED HiScene, Inuitive and Heptagon have Spotlight Pro, giving single pilots the
VERSION FOR EXTENDED FLIGHT TIME teamed up on HiScenes next generation ability to create complex, dramatic shots.
of augmented reality (AR) glasses. HiAR An upgraded video-transmission system
The Bramor ppX long-endurance small Glasses incorporate Inuitives NU3000 is capable of dual-signal frequency and
UAS has an all-composite blended- computer vision processor and Heptagons dual-channel, streaming video from an
wing body system capable of flying for advanced illumination. The companies onboard first-person-view camera and the
3.5 hours. Also available is the variant worked together to develop a complete main camera simultaneously, for better
Bramor ppX-LRS (long-range solar) solution for advanced 3D depth sensing pilot and camera operator collaboration.
version, developed in conjunction with and AR/VR applications that delivers DJI, dji.com
|
LAUNCHPAD | SURVEY & MAPPING
3
1
4
1. BLUETOOTH RECEIVER well as Shapefile import and export, 4. WATER NAVIGATION

GNSS RECEIVER, DATALOGGER data collection and management, and GPS GUIDANCE FOR MARINERS
ALSO HAS BAROMETRIC SENSOR enhanced support. The subscription also
allows for enterprise-level management Aqua Map is an iOS and Android app for
The Bad Elf GNSS Surveyor delivers of the Avenza Maps app across mobile GPS marine navigation, aimed at boaters
~1-meter positioning out of the box to devices for organizations, using a new and fishermen. The app integrates official
the iPad or Android device for use in subscription management system. nautical charts for many areas in the world,
Avenza Systems, www.avenza.com including the NOAA, CHS (Canadian
GIS, mapping, agriculture and survey
activities. The GNSS Surveyor can record Hydrographic Service), British Admiralty
raw data and produce a RINEX file 3. LASER SCANNERS and Bundesamt fr Seeschifffahrt und
through the Bad Elf application for post- 3D DATA PROCESSING Hydrographie as well as S-57 and raster
processing. It also supports differential IN ALL CONDITIONS cartography. The app provides users with
GPS (DGPS) using RTCM 2.3 correction a clear chart using the full power of the
messages. Surveyors can obtain altitude The TX6 and improved TX8 high- Retina display, intuitive realistic symbols
from GPS or from the built-in barometer, performance 3D laser scanners offer and colors. No experience in water
which can be calibrated to a known an integrated high-dynamic range navigation is needed. Most of the functions
altitude or pressure. camera and Wi-Fi remote control. The are accessible with simple gestures on the
Bad Elf, bad-elf.com
high-speed 3D laser scanners combine map, and all are clearly described in the
microsecond time-of-flight distance Aqua Map Tutorial and Help.
measurement with advanced onboard Aqua Map, www.globalaquamaps.com
2. PROFESSIONAL APP signal and 3D data processing, designed
ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION INCLUDES to provide range and accuracy in all 5. AIRBORNE LIDAR
PROFESSIONAL USE RIGHTS conditions. The TX6 is a medium- SCANNER
range 3D scanner, while the TX8 is for WITH HIGH-PERFORMANCE UPDATE
Avenza Maps, Avenza Systems mobile geospatial professionals that require
mapping app for Android, iOS and enhanced versatility and longer ranges
Windows, now comes in a Pro version. Galaxy is an airborne laser terrain
to effectively support a variety of mapper designed for projects from wide-
Avenza Maps Pro is the most powerful applications in urban environments, civil
version to date of the application. Features area mapping to corridor surveys. A
infrastructures and challenging terrains. universal sensor, it collects ultra-dense
of the Pro annual subscription include Trimble, trimble.com
commercial, government and other data with precision and accuracy. When
professional use rights not available with coupled with Optechs SwathTRAK and
other versions allowing an unlimited PulseTRAK technologies, collection
number of maps to be imported as efficiencies exceeding 70 percent are
|
SURVEY & MAPPING | LAUNCHPAD
possible, relative to the traditional fixed field of view dual-beam sensors.
The Galaxy can be installed in a tactical UAV, integrated in a helicopter pod
5 for powerline surveying, or gyro-stabilized with an orthometric camera for
wide-area mapping. SwathTRAK dynamically modifies the scan field of view
during collection to maintain fixed swath widths and even point distribution,
even in variable terrain. PulseTRAK enables a continuous operating
envelope, solving the multi-pulse challenge of data coverage gaps and density
variation in the multi-pulse transition/blind zones. This gives surveyors the
ability to use high laserpulse rates and generate high point density in variable
terrain, without the need for complex flight planning.
Teledyne Optech, www.teledyneoptech.com
6. PHOTOGRAMMETRY SOFTWARE
SUPPORTS PROCESSING IN THE CLOUD.
6
Correlator3D software is a patented end-to-end photogrammetry solution
for the generation of high-quality geospatial data from satellite and aerial
imagery, including UAVs. Correlator3D performs aerial triangulation and
produces dense digital surface models, digital terrain models, point clouds,
orthomosaics and vectorized 3D features. Powered by GPU technology
and multi-core CPUs, Correlator3Ds processing power supports rapid
production of large datasets. Benefits include quick processing of thousands
of images through GPU powered and multi-core CPU computing; highly
automated processes with intuitive manual editing tools for customer-
specific requirements; and modular design that offers clients flexibility with
respect to budget and easily integrates into a production workflow.
SimActive, www.simactive.com
TRANSPORTATION | LAUNCHPAD
1
1. AUTO NAVIGATION fast time to first fix and highly improved u-blox 7 standalone GNSS module,
RECEIVER DESIGNED FOR CAR noise tolerance. The software can be EVA-7M. Made of plastic, the pallets are
NAVIGATION PLATFORMS, DEVICES upgraded to support concurrent multi- reusable, making them a good ecological
GNSS reception with GPS, Galileo, QZSS alternative to their wooden counterpart.
The GV-86 receiver is used by many and SBAS. Embedded in Transeeker, the LISA-U200-
automotive customers requiring high quality Furuno, www.furuno.com 62S of the LISA-U2 series is equipped
and reliability. Because of its dead-reckoning with CellLocate, u-bloxs proprietary
function, GV-86 achieves high-accuracy 2. SHIPPING PALLET hybrid positioning technology enabling
performances in deep urban canyons where NIKKEN LEASE USES U-BLOX POSITIONING stand-alone location estimation based on
the accuracy of GNSS-only positions could FOR TRACKABLE PALLET surrounding GSM/UMTS cell information
be reduced. The GV-86 receiver is being in conjunction with GPS positioning data.
installed in car navigation systems designed Transeeker is a pallet equipped with u-bloxs Nikken Lease, www.nklogi.com;
for major automotive companies, such as cellular and positioning technologies for u-blox, www.u-blox.com
Skypine in China and Clarion in Japan. The accurate tracking: u-blox cellular UMTS/
GV-86 achieves superior performance with HSPA(+) module LISA-U200-62S and
|
MARKET Segment Snapshot:
Applications, Trends & News
OEM WATCH
2
CASE STUDY
Firms Collaborate on Product Development
P
rofessional GNSS users
now expect lightweight,
easy-to-use receivers
optimized for their par-
ticular workflows. Mean-
while, a streamlined manufacturing
process means design and production
of sophisticated instruments now
takes months rather than years, and
relies on global teams of networked
specialists.
Carlson Software approached
Hemisphere GNSS in early 2015 knowledge base of how surveyors
with the goal of bringing a new work with GNSS in real-world
GNSS receiver to market, one opti- conditions, and how to optimize
mized for land surveyors with high a new receiver for fieldwork of all
precision, convenience, and small kinds. This aided decisions about
form factor. We work closely with interface, form factor, and features.
land surveyors, and we definitely Project dialog between the two
saw a need, said Carlsons director companies identified specifications
of special projects Karl Nicholas. for particular functions and features,
Our clients were asking for smaller, as prototypes became available for
lighter receivers. We also felt that testing and feedback. Specifications
a new receiver could be better op- included:
timized to work with the multiple Compact and Durable. A form factor
satellite constellations now available, for a smaller receiver had already
and with the array of RTK solutions been developed. Our hardware
that surveyors use routinely. Hemi- design and manufacturing division
sphere recognized that a new light- in China presented a hardware design
weight receiver would also serve its that we really liked, so we didnt have
own marine clients well, especially to redesign from scratch in that area,
if it was optimized to work with the explained Hemisphere senior product
companys Atlas GNSS Global Cor- manager Lyle Geck. We were able
rection Service as both rover and to move ahead with only minor
base station. modifications.
Carlson focuses on computer- Carlson tested rigorously before
assisted design (CAD) software, signing off on the hardware design. Multiple Constellations. We now
field data collection, and machine I put mine on top of a two-meter have a receiver that works seamlessly
control products for land surveying, pole and dropped it onto concrete right now with GPS, GLONASS, and
civil engineering, construction, and and dirt, and I also tried it out in wet the Chinese BeiDou system, added
mining. Through the partnership, weather worked fine! recalled Nicholas. And when Europes Galileo
Hemisphere gained access to a deep Nicholas. >> See Case Study, page 73.
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MARKET WATCH
OEM 2
Integrated Module Eases Embedded Designs
new module is de- other electronic equipment
A signed to speed time

to market for system
developers of GNSS appli-
that can cause interference,
such as cellular modems.
T h e S A M - M 8 Q i s in -
cations who have limited tended for customers who
experience in RF and an- dont have much experi-
tenna design. ence in RF and antenna
The u-blox SAM-M8Q design, according to Kim
GNSS receiver with inte- Ultra-compact SAM-M8Q module. Kaisti, director of product
grated antenna is housed management. It is aimed
in a 15.5 x 15.5 x 6.3 milli- applications, u-blox said. tegrated wide-band antenna at applications that require
meter package. It can easily By using the latest u-blox along with the modules an embedded antenna and
be embedded in small de- M8 multi-GNSS receiver SAW filter and low-noise where the surface-mount
vices that require location technology, the module is amplifier (LNA) architecture package allows for easier
information, such as asset able to offer simultaneous ensures that the SAM-M8Q assembly and installation in
tracking and telematics reception of GPS, GLONASS receiver delivers robust per- the end equipment.
systems, and generic au- and Galileo satellite signals. formance in the presence of Samples will be available
tomotive af ter-market The combination of an in- high-frequency signals from in mid-January.
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MARKET WATCH
SURVEY 2
PPP Advances in Security, Seismic Monitoring
S
eptentrios version 5.1.0 firmware update for its PolaRx5
GNSS reference receivers provides new features for file
management, usability, security and seismic monitoring.
Receivers updated include the PolaRx5 for CORS and network
operations, the PolaRx5TR for time and frequency transfer
and the PolaRx5S for space weather applications.
Improvements in precise point positioning (PPP) have
opened the door on seismic monitoring using GNSS
technology. As well as allowing precise measurement of
long-term slow surface displacement, PolaRx5 now allows
real-time recording of the high-frequency vibrations that
typically accompany earthquakes. Firmware 5.1.0 introduces
support for on-board PPP and dynamic response tuned for
seismic applications.
The firmware release also provides greater logging
efficiency. Storage integrity is crucial for many applications.
Retransmitting data can be expensive, especially when using
Iridium telemetry. Nevado del Huila Volcano, Colombia, 2009. (Photo: VDAP)
To improve archival functionality, Septentrio has developed
a storage integrity feature to retransmit only the data lost in the
initial transmission, avoiding the overhead of retransmitting VOLCANO MONITORING
complete files. PolaRx5 multi-constellation GNSS reference receivers
The firmware update also prevents unauthorized access with and antenna systems are being used by the U.S.
firewall and IP filtering, strengthening user management and Geological Survey in monitoring systems deployed
access level protection. through the Volcano Hazards Program in Alaska and at
international locations through the Volcano Disaster
The PolaRx5 receivers track GPS, GLONASS, Galileo,
Assistance Program. The receivers use the new 5.1.0
BeiDou, QZSS and IRNSS. firmware, which includes support for onboard PPP
Agencies that have deployed the PolaRx5 include the Oregon and dynamic response tuned for seismic applications.
Department of Transport, UNAVCO, the Jet Propulsion It tracks all visible GNSS signals and provides
Laboratory and the SAPOS CORS network in Germany, as measurement quality and robust interference mitigation
well as the U.S. Geological Survey (see sidebar). through Septentrios AIM+ technology.
Geneq Offers SXPad 1000P Rugged Handheld

eneqs new SXPad 1000P is a feature-packed, readable.
G rugged handheld GPS data collector at an
affordable price, the company said. It is specifically
Standard features include a battery life of more
than 10 hours on a charge, 8-GB internal storage,
designed for mobile GIS users in applications such and slots for MicroSD cards and SIM cards as well
as water, electric and gas utilities; transportation; as Windows Mobile 6.5.
mining; agriculture; and forestry. The SXPad 1000P also offers 3.5G cellular
The high-performance 1000-MHz device is modem, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, video capture and a
designed to give professionals the power needed 5-megapixel camera. It is optimized for GPS/GIS
to work with maps and large data sets in the field. field data collection using its 13 meter accuracy
It has an IP67 waterproof seal and can survive internal GPS receiver or one of Geneqs high-
5-foot (1.5-meter) drops to concrete. Its 3.7-inch performance SXBlue GPS receivers for sub-meter
color touchscreen (full VGA) is sharp and is sunlight and centimeter-level accuracy.
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MARKET WATCH
SURVEY 2
Colossal North Atlantic Wave Recorded
T
he World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
announced the highest wave on record: a
behemoth that towered 19 meters (62.3 feet, or
about five building storeys) above the North
Atlantic. Examination of data sent by an automated buoy
showed the monster wave rose on Feb. 4, 2013, at a remote
spot between Britain and Iceland. The mighty wave occurred
after a strong cold front came through the area, producing
winds up of 43.8 knots (81 kilometers, 50.4 miles per
hour). The previous record height for a wave was 60 feet in
December 2007, also in the North Atlantic.
Automated buoys are vital tools for oceanographers,
sending back data on sea currents, temperatures and swells
for seafarers, climate researchers and others. Many buoys in May 2006.
are GPS-equipped to measure water height. We suspect The North Atlantic, from the Grand Banks underwater
this one was, though it has not been confirmed. GPS World plateau off Canada to south of Iceland and west of Britain,
carried a story about NavCom GPS-equipped ocean buoys is the worlds biggest breeding ground for giant waves.
MARKET WATCH
MAPPING 2
Sinking Station: Parts of

the Oslo train station are sinking by Millennium Tower:
1218 mm a year. Data from the Sentinel-1 satellites
show the Bay Area tower sinking
by almost 50 mm a year. The
colored dots represent targets
observed by radar. The color scale
ranges from 40 mm a year away
from radar (red) to 40 mm a
year towards radar (blue). Green
represents stable targets.
Staying in Place:
The new opera house has
not moved.
Sinking Towers, Shifting Lands

T he European Space Agencys Sentinel-1 satellites show
that the Millennium Tower skyscraper in San Francisco
is sinking by a few centimeters a year. Completed in 2009,
subsidence to the Bay Area. For example, the area around
Oslos train station in Norway is reclaimed land. Newer
buildings, such as the nearby opera house, have proper
the 58-storey tower has been showing signs of sinking and foundation into bedrock, but the older parts of the station
tilting, possibly because the supporting piles arent firmly experience severe subsidence.
resting on bedrock. The open data policy and regular coverage plan
Studying the city is helping scientists improve monitoring of Copernicus promise cost-efficient and reliable
of urban ground movements, particularly for subsidence deformation data. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission is,
hotspots in Europe. Scientists combined multiple radar for the first time, making it possible to launch operational
scans from the Copernicus Sentinel-1 twin satellites to national deformation mapping services, said Dag Anders
detect subtle surface changes down to millimeters. The Moldestad, Norwegian Space Centre.
technique works well with buildings because they better The Sentinel-1 twins provide radar vision for
reflect the radar beam. It is also useful for pinpointing Europes Copernicus environment monitoring program.
displacement hotspots over large areas, thanks to Sentinel- In addition to watching land movements, they feed
1s broad coverage and frequent visits. numerous other services for monitoring Arctic sea
Working with the European Space Agency, the team ice;routine sea-ice mapping; surveillance of the marine
from Norut, PPO.labs and Geological Survey of Norway environment; mapping for forest, water and soil
have also mapped areas in the wider San Francisco Bay management; and mapping to support humanitarian
Area that are moving. European cities experience similar aid and crisis situations.
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MARKET WATCH
MAPPING 2
Robotic Riverbed Survey Reveals Unseen Depths
T he Ribble River flowing through
Preston in Lancashire, United
Kingdom, has hidden depths.
to a tablet PC ashore via long-range
Bluetooth and time stamped, while
the boats position was continuously
The challenge with rivers is that recorded by the total station and sent
much of the beauty and interest is back to a tablet PC, also using long-
hidden from view beneath the sur- range Bluetooth and time stamped.
face, said Jack Spees, CEO of the The tablet PC ran 4Site, a program
Ribble Rivers Trust. To reveal this that formatted and processed the data
beauty, we undertook a bathymetric from the sonar and the total station
survey of a section with particularly trolled 1.2-meter twin-hull shallow into a DWG drawing. Each point was
interesting features that is adjacent to draft vessel powered by a twin-jet sys- positioned in real time, so the vessel
a heavily used public footpath. The tem surveyed a hectare of the riverbed. operator could ensure complete cov-
trust is using survey results to reveal It carried depth-recording sonar and a erage. A mesh of a 200-meter section
these hidden depths on interpretation tracking prism that enabled a Spectra of the river with depths to 3.5 meters
boards, including digitally augmented Precision Focus 35 total station to lock was combined with aerial lidar data to
reality and video media enabling visi- onto and robotically follow and record produce the survey.
tors to explore the underwater world. the vesssels location.
For the survey, a robotically con- Echo soundings were transmitted See more mapping news on page 70.
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MARKET WATCH
UAV 2
Test Site Researches UAS Detection at Airports
esting at Denver
T International Airport
is a milestone in
developing minimum
Testing took place both day and night under severe
cold-weather and snow conditions. (Image: NIAS)
operational performance
standards for drone detection
at major airports and critical
infrastructure locations.
In November 2016,
the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) and
the Nevada Institute for
Autonomous Systems
(NIAS) managers of the
FAA-designated Nevada
UAS Test Site teamed
with Northern Plains UAS on Nov. 16, the flight crews half-dozen fixed-wing and counter unmanned systems
Test Site to test counter-UAS experienced wind gusts multi-rotor drones during industry, Walach said.
technology at the airport. over 2025 knots and at the the ground-detection system T h e N e v a d a Te a m
UAS that enter the maximum for the smaller testing under a variety of included Nevada-based
protected airspace around drones; however, the Nevada scenarios. Eye in the Sky UASUSA,
airports can pose a serious flight teams executed their It was the first time the Colorado-based UAS, North
threat to manned aviation tests with precision and two UAS Test Sites jointly Dakota-based ISight RPV
safety, leading to the need for a high degree of safety, executed a high-profile FAA Services and the Nevada
new technologies to detect according to Chris Walach, Pathfinder mission in Class B UAS Test Site. Nevadas Silver
unmanned aircraft. director of the Nevada UAS Airspace. Springs Airport participated
During the main FAA Test Site. These tests mark a big as the primary training
Pathfinder demonstration The researchers flew a step forward in developing a location.
Israel Defence to Fly BlueBirds NEW DATUFLY

RELEASE LAUNCHED
B lueBird Aero Systems has won a
contract to supply a target variant
of an unmanned air vehicle to the Israeli D atumates DatuFly for iOS is a
UAV app with industry-specific
air force (IAF), to enable it to train its air capabilities for surveying, construction
defence units. and infrastructure companies.
T he I A F s e le c t e d B lu eBi rd s New version 1.1.1 includes support
ThunderB after it completed a series of for DJI Inspire 1 Pro and DJI Matrice
test flights in which it reached a speed of 150 km/h and a ceiling of 15,000 feet. 600; speed control for vertical missions;
The target version of the ThunderB will carry a simple optical payload. optional automatic takeoff and landing;
The ThunderB is a small-sized tactical UAV (28 Kg, 4-meter wingspan), more flexible control of mission
with intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance (ISTAR) altitude; control of the camera angle
capabilities previously found only in much larger UAVs, usually with weight of for oblique missions; and Chinese
above 200 Kg. It is suitable for ISTAR because of its long endurance capability language support.
(624 hours), its extended control range, and its cooled/uncooled infrared and The app is available through the
optional laser pointer payload. Apple Store.
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MARKET WATCH
UAV 2
TRANSPORTATION 2
Netherlands Employs GNSS Monitoring for Rail
T
h e D ut ch s t at e -
owned rail company
NS Groep N.V. is
deploying a real-time remote
diagnostics monitoring
system. As a core component
of NS overall real-time
monitoring architecture,
the system allows railway
operators to streamline
maintenance costs and
provide efficiencies across
their fleet by automating e X p o s e / Shutterstock.com
manual tasks.
NS in the Netherlands specific vehicle faults. Helpdesk to monitor the engineers and mechanics
will join a growing number The system also identifies fleet status. Information to support the operational
of large rail operators that potential faults that may will also be available to fleet repair process of NS in real
have implemented GNSS arise while analyzing and analysts, work-planning time.
solutions, in this case the detecting anomalies in on-
Trimble R2M system. Others vehicle component behavior
using R2M includ South to identify component issues
West Trains in the United and the possible impact this
Kingdom, Irish Rail, SNCF behavior may have on the
France, SBB Switzerland and vehicle and overall fleet.
VR Finland. With the R2M software,
R2M processes diagnostic NS will be able to aggregate
data from rail vehicles in data from a range of on-
real time. It provides a train and wayside sources
comprehensive view of the and provide real-time
overall fleets status including information to the NS Train
Qualcomm Offers Variant

Q ualcomm Technologies has introduced a new variant of
its connected car reference platform using its gigabit
class Snapdragon X16 LTE modem to help car manufacturers
deliver the high-speed, high-quality and reliable connectivity
for advanced telematics and connected vehicle services
supporting peak download speeds up to 1 Gbps. The reference
platform is designed to allow carmakers to quickly and
easily integrate the broad range of additional wireless
and networking technologies required in todays vehicles, Visit the app store
including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy and GNSS, to get our free
with optional support for DSRC and Cellular-V2X. iSXBlue RTN
The platform also includes a module reference design
to help automotive suppliers accelerate development and
improve time-to-commercialization.
|
WITH RICHARD B. LANGLEY
GNSS PEST CONTROL

Correlator Beamforming for Low-Cost Multipath Mitigation
BY Sanjeev Gunawardena, John Raquet and feasibility of applying the correlator beamforming
Mark Carroll techniques to standard GNSS. The AFIT results show
M
ultipath is the single largest naturally that a GPS receiver employing correlator beamforming
occurring un-modeled error source that technology is nearly as effective as a traditional
affects high-accuracy and differential beamforming receiver at rejecting multipath.
GNSS applications. Even though decades
of research and development on advanced multipath BACKGROUND
mitigating antennas and correlator-gating techniques Often considered the bane of precision navigation for
have contributed significantly to reducing the effects indoor or urban applications using RF signals, multipath
of this error source, short delay, higher elevation-angle continues to be one of the major error sources of GNSS.
and carrier multipath continue to be a problem. It is The presence of reflected signals in these environments
well known that antenna array-based beamforming is often degrades the accuracy and reliability of such PNT
particularly effective against these types of multipath. systems, a problem that GPS engineers have struggled
However, traditional antenna array and related with since GPS signals were first broadcast. Fortunately,
beamforming processing technology is large, heavy, the industry has been able to implement multipath
power-hungry and costly in many applications. mitigation approaches, albeit with varying levels of
A new alternative solution called correlator success and technical tradeoffs. Nevertheless, there is
beamforming employs simple radio-frequenc y a clear understanding today that future autonomous,
(RF) signal switching and a single front end to mobile and personal applications require a level of
reduce complexity, power consumption and cost. accuracy and reliability that demand better multipath
This technology is privately patented and is already mitigation solutions.
commercially available in devices that run in the 2.4 There are two prevalent techniques, apart from
GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) frequency modern GNSS signal structures that have anti-multipath
band. These systems have been leveraged into heavy features by design, that are used to mitigate multipath:
industrial environments where precision position, antenna gain pattern shaping and receiver correlator
navigation and time (PNT) is critically important to gating. The first technique limits the effect of ground
drive operations, especially for a large number of vehicle multipath by reducing antenna gain at low elevation
and fleet automation systems under development.
These new unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), machine N-element CRPA
automation and fleet management systems must
have a level of continuous reliability, which cannot Full beamforming channel
be guaranteed by satellite-based systems in difficult,

high-multipath environments such as mines, ports, RFFE
Full beamforming channel
warehouses and urban canyons. Correlator beamforming RFFE
has been shown to be effective at mitigating multipath RFFE

RFFE
Full beamforming channel
Beamforming Prompt
for these non-GNSS terrestrial and challenging indoor sign(Q)
PLL
applications. 1
Early-late
20 ms 100 ms
Intrigued by the technologys demonstrated accuracy 2

3
Code Carrier aiding
in multipath-plagued environments, the Air Force N digital sample streams Phase Shifters Carrier
NCO DLL
NCO
Institute of Technologys (AFITs) Autonomy and
Navigation Technology (ANT) Center initiated a Typical channel processing
collaborative research and development agreement

(CRADA) with Locata Corporation to investigate the FIGURE 1 Traditional beamforming receiver architecture.
|
INNOVATION spending several minutes on each satellite to determine
the antennas position. Additionally, by using a pair
of terminals and taking data over an hour or so, the
INSIGHTS baseline between the terminals could be determined to

a few centimeters.
SERIES was an outgrowth of JPLs work in very long
BY RICHARD B. LANGLEY
baseline interferometry. In interferometry, a very
WHICH IS MORE IMPORTANT for GNSS equipment: narrow antenna beam is synthesized by combining the
the antenna or the receiver? Of course, answering measurements made by the two (or more) antennas
this question is a mugs game as both are vitally and receivers. The beam width is proportional to the
important and one is useless without the other. It is wavelength of the received signals and inversely
true that the development of sensitive receivers has proportional to the baseline length. While VLBI
permitted the use of inexpensive linearly polarized observations of quasars and other esoteric celestial
wire or chip antennas in consumer electronics such objects have provided some of our best knowledge of
as mobile phones. But demanding applications such plate tectonics and the Earths rotation and establish
as geodetic surveying, timing and machine control the link between the terrestrial and celestial reference
require a proper right-hand-circularly-polarized frames, interferometry using slewing dishes was not a
antenna. However, regardless of the application practical approach for GPS positioning, and JPL moved
whether low accuracy or high the antenna must be to more conventional antennas for its SERIES receivers.
omnidirectional. So GNSS antennas typically have a JPLs use of interferometry for GPS positioning (also
broad gain pattern allowing reception of signals arriving pioneered by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
at any azimuth and elevation angle. Many simple with its Macrometer receiver) led to the common
antennas, such as a microstrip patch on a small ground carrier-phase double-differencing technique widely
plane, may even have significant sensitivity to signals used today for high accuracy GNSS positioning.
arriving from below, that is, ground-bounce multipath. But the concept of a narrow antenna beam for GNSS
The multipath signals, whether coming from the ground signal reception would be practical if the beam could
or nearby structures, once passed to the receiver, be rapidly directed in sequence towards each of the
interfere with the direct line-of-sight signals and can visible satellites. This could be done with a pair of
be a real pest, degrading the pseudorange and carrier- adjacent antenna elements by adjusting (under software
phase measurements and limiting the resulting position, control) the relative phase of the signals provided by
velocity and timing accuracy of the equipment. each element. A more efficient approach would be to
Advanced correlator techniques and clever broad- use multiple elements. Such beamforming antennas
pattern antenna designs can mitigate some forms of have actually been constructed and are commercially
multipath. The multipath-estimating delay-lock loop is available. Not only do these antennas provide enhanced
an example of the former, while the choke-ring antenna multipath rejection, they can be configured to produce
and the novel antenna design discussed in this column a null in the combined gain pattern in the direction
a few months ago are examples of the latter. Ideally, of an interference source an important antenna
a GNSS antenna should only receive line-of-sight characteristic for military applications.
signals from the satellites (except for some scientific As you might expect, these beamforming antennas
applications like snow-depth monitoring or water-level and their associated electronics are large and heavy
measurement or when some line-of-sight signals are and consume a fair bit of power and so are not well-
blocked such as in concrete canyons and a reflected suited for general purpose positioning. However,
signal is better than nothing). That could be arranged by a novel approach to beamforming without these
using a narrow beam antenna such as a small parabolic shortcomings, and which was commercially developed
dish. In fact, such an antenna was used by the Jet for use in the 2.4-GHz band, has been adapted for GNSS
Propulsion Laboratory for one of the first codeless GPS use. In this months column, a team of researchers at
receivers. Called SERIES, for Satellite Emission Range the U.S Air Force Institute of Technology discuss how
Inferred Earth Surveying, it used a 1.5-meter-diameter they implemented the approach, termed correlator
dish antenna mounted on a trailer. It would cycle beamforming, and tested it with live GPS signals with
through the visible satellites, repointing the dish and excellent results.
|
N-element CRPA Phase shifters
Integration interval
Element 0
Correlator beamforming channel (Reference)
RF Switch
Element 1
Switch
controller Correlator beamforming channel
RFFE Element 2
Correlator beamforming channel
1 ms Phase bumping Prompt
carrier NCO PLL
Single time-multiplexed 20 ms
sign(Q) Element 3
Early-late 100 ms
digital sample stream

Summation of phase-shifted
Code Carrier aiding
Phase offsets
NCO DLL sample streams
03
10 Carrier
21 NCO
32
Typical channel processing
FIGURE 3 Simplified illustration of traditional beamforming for four
FIGURE 2 Correlator beamforming receiver architecture.
sample streams.
angles. This comes at the expense of reducing the electronics packages required to produce beamforming,
number of satellites available for a position solution, provide both code and carrier multipath rejection when
which results in increased dilution of precision. Antenna individual beams are formed towards satellites. This
gain shaping provides no defense against multipath from lessens the impact of multipath signals coming from
higher elevation angles, such as that experienced in other directions. FIGURE 1 illustrates a typical architecture
urban environments. for a traditional beamforming CRPA system.
The second common approach uses correlator gating, For each satellite tracking channel, the digitized
which exploits the generally valid assumption that the sample streams from individual antenna elements are
direct signal always precedes a reflected one. Hence, time shifted and summed such that the desired signal
correlators used for code tracking are gated such that powers received by each element coherently add.
timing information is extracted from as close to the Ideally, this results in an N 2 increase in signal power
underlying direct signals phase transitions as possible. for N elements. Consequently, the uncorrelated noise
This technique comes at the expense of reduced code- powers from each sample stream also add to yield an
tracking sensitivity and robustness. The need for wide N-fold increase in noise power. The net result is an
front-end bandwidth to differentiate the direct signal N-fold increase in signal-to-noise-density ratio (S/N0).
from multipath generally increases the overall power In the spatial domain, this time shifting and summation
consumption of the receiver. Hence, the use of advanced process to maximize received signal power corresponds
gated correlator techniques becomes less attractive for to forming a beam in the direction of arrival of a
portable and consumer-level applications. Moreover, the particular signal. Any time-correlated signals incident
achievable short-delay code multipath performance of on the CRPA from other directions will generally
correlator gating is limited by theoretical lower bounds. combine incoherently as they pass through this
Other techniques used to mitigate multipath involve beamforming process. These other signals may include
directive antennas and spatial diversity. Highly directive other GNSS signals, interference (both narrow and
antennas such as parabolic dishes have limited utility wideband) and multipath. The digital delays and the
except in high-fidelity per-satellite signal monitoring amplitudes of the streams can be adjusted such that
applications. And spatial diversity techniques based on these unwanted signals can be made to cancel according
antenna motion such as the use of rotating antennas to a given optimization criterion. This describes the
are practical only for stationary or low-user-dynamics essence of forming one or more nulls in particular
applications. directions.
One powerful multipath mitigation technology Adopting traditional beamforming technology
commonly used today is called the controlled reception for high- or medium-volume applications remains
pattern antenna (CRPA), which employs a large multi- elusive primarily due to the costs and complexities
element antenna array. Although developed primarily associated with needing an individual RF front end
as an anti-jam system for critical military GNSS for each antenna element. The greatly increased power
applications, these complex antennas, and the associated consumption associated with having to process multiple
|
streams of data, along with the size and weight of the patterns of each individual antenna element as well
complex electronics required to process the antennas as minor gain differences in the signal processing
received signals, are significant issues for portable or chains (amplifiers, filters, mixers, transmission lines
consumer-level applications. and ADCs). In general, for beamforming applications
Unlike conventional or traditional beamforming (as opposed to null-forming) it is not necessary to
te chnolog y, t he ne w cor rel ator b e amfor ming compensate for these. Amplitude compensation at the
approach combines RF signals received by any sample level significantly increases the signal processing
number of individual antenna elements into a single burden. Furthermore, in the context of this article,
switched-RF signal. This time-multiplexed signal is one or two bits of sample amplitude quantization is
then downconverted and digitized by a single RF front- adequate for multipath rejection as long as no significant
end. The correlator beamforming design should offer interference is expected.
manufacturing cost savings because the resulting data As shown in Figure 3, phase shifts are applied such
stream is processed using a single correlator channel that all signals are phase aligned to the reference element.
per beam. This reduces the complexity when compared The coherent sample streams can then be summed to
to the traditional beamforming methodology. The maximize received signal power. In the spatial domain,
architectural differences between a standard single- this corresponds to steering a beam in the direction of
antenna setup, a traditional beamforming CRPA system, the desired signal. This visual interpretation arises from
and correlator beamforming are shown in Figure 1 and the fact that the specific set of phase shifts that aligns the
FIGURE 2. signals coherently only applies to signals arriving from
this desired signals direction.
CORRELATOR BEAMFORMING Under the conditions described above, if a multipath
The correlator beamforming technique performs signal arrives from a different direction than that which
antenna array signal processing to form beams as is intended, the phase of the multipath signals in the
part of a receivers correlation process. The complete four elements will not be coherent, so the multipath
explanation of this technology can quickly get complex, signal will not experience the same N2 power gain as the
even for the seasoned RF engineer. To describe this direct signal. This is the fundamental reason that such a
process more simply, we will assume noiseless signals system rejects multipath signals by steering the beam,
and no multipath (except as noted), as well as equal the effective gain of the direct signal is higher than the
noise figures for all front-end processing chains. To effective gain of the multipath signals.
further simplify our explanation, modulation on the Even though not shown in Figure 3, it should be clear
carrier and switching losses will be ignored. that the coherently combined sample stream undergoes
FIGURE 3 illustrates traditional beamforming processing typical GNSS receiver baseband processing (that is,
as applied to a four-element CRPA. The four sinusoids correlation with a locally-generated replica, carrier/code
shown depict the baseband sampled signal carriers
received by each element from a satellite at a particular
Phase shifters
azimuth and elevation angle with respect to the center Element 0
Integration interval
element. Note that the phases of the signals for Elements (Reference)
1 through 3 prior to the phase shifters are different

Element 1
from the reference Element 0. The reasons for these
phase differences are twofold: (1) slightly different
Element 2
signal propagation distances from the satellite to each
elements phase center as a function of array geometry
Element 3
and orientation, and (2) differences in the electrical path
lengths from each elements phase center to the front-
Summation of phase-shifted
end analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The latter effects sample streams with blanking
are a combination of angle-of-arrival (AoA) dependent

1
and independent inter-channel biases and comprise Blanking waveform 0
what is normally referred to as the antenna manifold.
Note the unequal amplitudes of the received signals. FIGURE 4 Illustration of traditional beamforming with 25 percent duty-
This is intended to represent differences in the gain cycling.
|
Phase shifters
Integration interval Integration interval
Element 0 Element 0
(Reference) (Reference)
Element 1 Element 1
Element 2 Element 2
Element 3 Element 3
Phase shifts
Summation of switched Switched and

phase-shifted sample streams phase-shifted sample streams
3 3
2 2
1 1
Switching index 0 Switching index 0
FIGURE 6 Illustration of N-to-1 switching with phase shifts applied at

FIGURE 5 Illustration of 1/N duty-cycling replaced by N-to-1 switching. switch-state transitions.
tracking and the computation of range measurements). within the (uncorrelated) thermal noise. For the
The pre-detection integration interval applicable to relatively short duration of an integration interval,
the tracking channel is illustrated in the figure. By the carrier signals within the phase-aligned sample
parallelizing this beamforming process, multiple beams streams can be assumed to be time invariant (that is,
can be formed simultaneously for each tracking channel, each given cycle is the same as the ones before and
as shown in Figure 1. after it). Therefore, whether all N sample streams are
Next, consider 1/N duty cycling applied to the tracking summed over a 1/N integration interval (duty cycling)
channel described above, where N is the number of or integrating 1/N of each sample stream over the entire
antenna elements. This can be implemented as sample integration interval, the processing gain remains the
gating, as illustrated in FIGURE 4. It should be clear that same. Under the assumption of time invariance, the
this duty cycling negates the N-fold S/N0 advantage of beam gain also remains unchanged. Therefore, it can be
traditional beamforming. In other words, in the absence said that these two processes are equal. It is stressed that
of multipath, the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) this equality holds true only for time-invariant signals.
measured by the duty-cycled tracking channel that has For example, the multipath rejection ability discussed
formed a beam towards the received signal will equal previously is retained for N-to-1 switching. However,
the mean C/N0 values measured by N single-element there is no rejection capability for non-time-invariant
tracking channels, each connected to the individual signals such as broadband noise.
sample streams. However, it should be clear that the Rather than performing phase alignment prior to
spatial gain pattern of the CRPA (specific to the set of N-to-1 switching, it could be built into the switching
phase shifts applied to the elements) is unaffected by process itself. This is conceptually illustrated in FIGURE
the duty cycling process. This means that such a system 6. It is clear that phase shifting can be applied to either
would have the same multipath rejection properties of the incoming sample stream or the local replica to yield
the non-duty cycled case, because the multipath is still the same result. Hence, the phase rotations illustrated in
attenuated relative to the direct signal. Figure 6 can also be implemented by adding appropriate
Consider now the case where each phase-aligned phase offsets to the phase accumulation register of
sample stream is sequentially selected for 1/N of the the tracking channels carrier numerically controlled
integration interval, as illustrated in FIGURE 5. This is oscillator (NCO). This is also known as phase bumping
essentially identical to an N-to-1 switch connected to the the carrier NCO (illustrated in Figure 2). The two
input of the tracking channel. Clearly, since no coherent compelling advantages of NCO phase bumping over
combination of sample streams is taking place, C/N0 phase rotating the switched sample stream are: 1) the
measured by this tracking channel will equal the mean resolution of a phase offset that can be applied to the
C/N 0 values of the individual sample streams the carrier NCO is 1/2 K cycles, where K represents the
same as that for 1/N duty cycling as depicted in Figure 4. number of bits comprising the NCO phase register.
Consider only a GNSS signals carrier signal buried Typically, K can range between 20 and 64 bits resulting
|
the ANT Center lab. A two-pole dielectric filter centered
at L1 with an approximate 3-dB bandwidth of 20 MHz
was used in front of each LNA. This was done to prevent
any strong out-of-band signals from potentially saturating
the LNAs. Consequently, the noise figure of each feed was
directly affected by the insertion loss of the filter. However,
the overall system noise figure was estimated to be less
than 2.5 dB. FIGURE 8 shows the installation of filters and
LNAs underneath the CRPA.
Each individual feed from the CRPA was connected to
an Ohio University Transform-Domain Instrumentation
GNSS Receiver (TRIGR) front-end module. These
modules contain an RF monitor output port
essentially an active splitter output after the first stage
of amplification within the module. Each monitor
output was connected to the input ports of an 8-to-1 RF
FIGURE 7 GAS-1 CRPA with 51-inch-diameter rolled-edge ground plane
switch (Port 8 is terminated). This digitally controlled
installed on the roof of the ANT Center.
switch is an evaluation board for the Analog Devices
HMC321 device with RF shielding material applied. The
in extremely fine phase bumping granularity; 2) RF switch output was connected to an eighth TRIGR
the switched sample stream becomes the common front-end module. All eight TRIGR modules were fed
input to many correlator channels, each capable of the same (1575.42 minus 70.0) MHz local oscillator
forming beams independently as part of its correlation (LO) signal that was used for downconversion to a
processing, as shown in Figure 2. 70-MHz intermediate frequency (IF). The IF outputs
Finally, the N-to-1 switching thus far described in were connected to an eight-channel ADC. The LO and
the context of switching baseband sampled streams 56.32-MHz sampling clock phase-locked oscillators
can be moved upstream to switch RF signals from were referenced to a 10-MHz low phase-noise rubidium
the antenna elements instead. The switched-RF signal oscillator. FIGURE 9 shows the front-end hardware.
can then be downconverted and sampled using only a The low-voltage differential signaling output interface
single RF front end. This results in an elegant and cost-
effective beamforming architecture albeit minus the
N-fold S/N0 advantage of traditional beamforming and
the ability to reject broadband noise.
EXPERIMENT SETUP
To evaluate the performance of correlator beamforming
as fairly as p ossible compared to traditional
beamforming and single-element processing, AFIT set
up its data collection such that all three approaches could
be implemented in a software receiver. Additionally,
a seven-element Naval Air Systems Command GPS
Antenna System 1 (GAS-1) antenna was used for this
experiment. The antenna was mounted on a 51-inch
(130-centimeter) diameter rolled-edge ground plane
provided to the ANT Center by the MITRE Corporation.
FIGURE 7 shows the antenna installation.
The GAS-1 CRPA is comprised of passive elements.
Therefore, to ensure a low system noise figure, low-noise FIGURE 8 Underside of passive-element GAS-1 CRPA showing filters and
amplifiers (LNAs) were introduced before the attenuation LNAs used to ensure low system noise figure while driving long low-
of the long low-loss cables that send the received signals to loss cables to the ANT Center.
|
Standard receiver processing
N-element CRPA on reference (center) element 20 ms
Prompt
Y PLL
LVDS ADC interface to FPGA sign(Q)
Early-late 100 ms
Front end for Front-end modules
7-to-1 RF switch switched-RF for each element (x7) RF switch
RFFE Y Y
(FPGA-controlled) stream Rate=1000/N [Hz]
Code
Switch
NCO
DLL
8-channel ADC RFFE
controller
Carrier aiding
Carrier
1 ms
NCO
20 ms 1s
Time-multiplexed stream
Curve
Y Y ATAN2(I,Q)
fit
Curve
Y Y ATAN2(I,Q)
fit
Curve
Y Y ATAN2(I,Q)
fit
Curve
Y Y ATAN2(I,Q)
fit
Sample blanking Carrier wipe-off Code wipe-off
FIGURE 9 TRIGR front-end configuration. Eight front-end modules are Data wipe-off Phase estimation (1 Hz)
used to downconvert and sample signals from the seven individual FIGURE 10 Illustration of procedure used to obtain phases relative to
antenna elements and the switched-RF signal. the reference element as a function of satellite PRN and time.
of the ADC was connected to a field-programmable This engine employs many of the same signal processing
gate array (FPGA). The design within the FPGA de- optimizations used in commercial GNSS receivers (such
serializes the 12-bit samples from the ADC, reduces bit as fixed-point arithmetic). Furthermore, only algorithms
depth, and packs them into a 32-bit aligned datastream. realizable in real time were used. Therefore, it should
For this experiment, a bit depth of 2 bits/sample was be emphasized that the algorithms and results presented
selected. This reduced the formatted stream data rate in this article are fully realizable in a real-time GNSS
to approximately 113 megabytes per second. This data receiver.
stream was continuously written to an array of hard
disks. For this experiment, a 72-hour-long continuous ANTENNA ARRAY MANIFOLD MEASUREMENT
data set was collected (approximately 29 terabytes). To form a beam to a specific AoA, the challenging task
The eight ADC sample streams packed into the of estimating the array manifold must be performed
formatted data stream described above was arranged first. Since the research reported here is focused on
in chunks, where the length of each chunk was 1 assessing multipath rejection performance and not
millisecond. The digital logic that generated these general-purpose beamforming per se, a much simpler
1-millisecond intervals also generated the control signals approach was used to estimate the required relative
for the RF switch. A delay compensation scheme was phase offsets.
also implemented such that the switched samples from Assuming no multipath, if a particular satellite
each of the seven elements were aligned to better than 1 signal is phase tracked on the reference element, then
sample (~18 nanoseconds) within a chunk. by definition the tracking channels phase-locked loop
The formatted data stream written to file contained (PLL) is phase aligning its replica carrier to that of the
eight sampled data streams. Streams 1 through 7 received signals underlying carrier. Now, if the code
corresponded to the continuous signals from the and carrier replicas from this reference channel are used
individual CRPA elements. Stream 8 contained the time- to correlate incoming signals from the other elements,
multiplexed signals from Streams 1 through 7. With this then those channels are code and frequency locked (but
data, software receiver processing can be performed not phase locked due to the net effect of geometry and
to evaluate all three receiver architectures as fairly as the array manifold). Phase angles derived from these
possible. correlator outputs correspond to the rotation angles
However, it is important to note that for a final needed to phase align the other sample streams to the
implementation of such a system, only the switched reference stream (as shown in Figure 3). This procedure
signal is required, which greatly reduces the hardware is illustrated in FIGURE 10 for the switched-RF case.
requirements from those used for this experiment. As shown, the 50-Hz databit sign is estimated in the
Software receiver processing was performed for many reference channel and used to perform data wipe-off for
tens of data hours to obtain the results presented in all channels such that the coherent integration interval
this article. To ensure reasonable runtimes, an efficient can be extended to 1 second. Extending integration
multi-threaded software correlation engine was used. time reduces thermal noise and fast-fading multipath.
|
1.5
Str2
Str3
Str4
1.0
Str5
Str6
Str7
Phase offset (cycles)
0.5
-0.5
-1.0
FIGURE 12 C/N 0 measurements over time for PRN06.

-1.5
2.40 2.42 2.44 2.46 2.48 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56
Time (GPS seconds of week) w105
DLL order: 1
FIGURE 11 Estimated phase offsets for Streams 2 through 7 with respect Carrier aiding of code: enabled
to center reference element with third-order curve fits. C/N 0 algorithm: narrowband power over wideband
power ratio (NBP/WBP)
However, effects of multipath are still present in these
1-Hz phase estimates. Much of this is removed by fitting FIGURE 12 shows representative C/N0 measurements for
a third-order polynomial to the data. FIGURE 11 shows a satellite PRN06. TABLE 1 lists the C/N0 standard deviations
representative plot of the 1-Hz phase measurements for all satellites after de-trending using a second-order
and the fitted polynomials. From these polynomials, curve fit.
phase offsets are computed and applied at a 1-Hz rate For all results obtained, C/N0 varies significantly for the
for beamforming. single-element receiver. This variation is consistent with
multipath fading. As expected, multipath fading is nearly
RESULTS absent for the traditional beamforming receiver. This
Several hours of sampled data were processed for clearly shows how beamforming rejects multipath from
all satellites in view. Standard receiver outputs such off-beam directions. As expected, the 10log10(7) 8.45 dB
as pseudorange, carrier phase and C/N 0 from all gain advantage of traditional beamforming over correlator
three software receivers (single element, traditional beamforming is clearly apparent. Furthermore, C/N0 of
beamforming and correlator beamforming) were correlator beamforming remains close to that of the center
recorded, from which multipath mitigation performance element. However, the most striking result is the multipath
results could be derived.
All three software receiver implementations used
the same signal tracking parameters at the final Single-
Satellite Correlator Traditional
measurement-producing state. These steady-state element
PRN beamforming beamforming
parameters are as follows: reference
PRN02 2.1 0.44 1.3

Carrier loop pre-detection integration time: 20
milliseconds PRN05 2.2 0.50 0.82
PLL order: 3
PRN06 1.5 0.49 0.82
PLL noise bandwidth: 18 Hz
Correlator spacing: 0.1 C/A-code chip PRN12 2.0 0.41 1.38
Code discriminator type: Normalized coherent early-
minus-late PRN19 2.0 0.52 0.80
DLL update rate: 10 Hz (performs data wipe-off, as PRN25 1.5 0.40 0.82
shown in Figure 1)
DLL noise bandwidth: 1 Hz TABLE 1 De-trended C/N 0 standard deviations in dB-Hz.
|
FIGURE 13 De-trended code-minus-carrier for PRN06.
rejection performance of correlator beamforming, as

evidenced by the C/N0 standard deviations. FIGURE 14 Horizontal position error scatter plot for the three receiver
FIGURE 13 shows representative results for satellite PRN06 implementations.
for the other characteristic indicator of multipath: code-
minus-carrier (CmC) divergence. The de-trended CmC to the single-element case. On average, traditional
standard deviations for all satellites are summarized in beamforming reduces RMS position error by 80 percent
TABLE 2. Note that de-trending is used to remove the code- compared to a single-element antenna. For correlator
carrier divergence due to the ionosphere. beamforming, the average reduction is nearly as good,
As shown in Table 2, in terms of CmC divergence, on an impressive 70 percent, but achieved without any of
average, multipath error is reduced by a factor of five for the complexities associated with needing an individual
traditional beamforming and almost a factor of four for RF front-end for each antenna element. Moreover, the
correlator beamforming. simplified architecture of a correlator beamforming
Finally, the effect of multipath rejection in the position GNSS receiver translates directly into decreased power
domain was evaluated. FIGURE 14 shows a horizontal error consumption and reduced size, weight and cost of the
scatter plot for the three receiver implementations while resulting antenna electronics unit. Each attribute is
FIGURE 15 shows the time series of the individual position highly desirable, especially for portable and personal
components. TABLE 3 lists the root-mean-square (RMS) mobile applications.
position errors and percent error reduction compared
CONCLUSIONS
The CRADA effort between AFIT and Locata
Single- Corporation took Locatas commercially successful,
Correlator Traditional 2.4-GHz systems and proceeded to investigate the
Satellite PRN element
beamforming beamforming
reference feasibility of applying this new correlator beamforming
technology to GNSS receivers. The CRADA focused
PRN02 4.44 0.66 0.53
on demonstrating an easily modified GNSS receiver to
PRN06 1.89 0.64 0.41 potentially deliver a low-cost solution for mitigating
multipath specifically targeting short delay and
PRN12 1.12 0.54 0.37 carrier multipath. The results presented here show
PRN19 2.37 0.77 0.50 that the multipath rejection performance nearly equals
that of a traditional beamforming GNSS receiver.
TABLE 2 De-trended CmC standard deviations in meters. Considering the simpler architecture of a correlator
|
beamforming GNSS receiver, applications that can
significantly benefit from this technology include
stationary GNSS monitoring installations such as those
used in satellite-based and ground-based augmentation
systems and GNSS receivers for autonomous vehicles
and UAVs in high multipath areas such as urban
canyons.
The application of more rigorous calibration
techniques will likely improve correlator beamforming
performance in a GNSS receiver even further. Moreover,
combining this technique with more advanced gated-
correlator approaches such as the double-delta correlator
could improve multipath mitigation performance
further still. The credible advantages that correlator
beamforming affords GNSS receivers in terms of
size, weight, power and cost and full beamforming-
level multipath mitigation performance is worthy of FIGURE 15 3-D position error as a function of time (same color key as
additional investigation and technology development, Figure 14).
especially for emerging applications such as autonomous
vehicles and UAVs that have a requirement to operate of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation,
frequently in severe multipath environments such as held Sept. 1216, 2016, in Portland, Oregon. The authors
cities. thank all those who helped and supported the work
presented in this article. Specifically, we thank Lt. Col.
DISCLAIMERS Phillip Corbell Ph.D. (AFIT professor) for his review and
The views expressed in this article are those of the valuable feedback of the correlator beamforming section
authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of this article. We also thank Rick Patton (ANT Center
of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, coordinator) for supporting equipment installation and
or the United States Government. data-collection efforts. The authors would also like to
acknowledge and thank Locata Corporation for the
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS excellent support and assistance provided throughout
This article is based, in part, on the paper Correlator all CRADA activities.
Beamforming for Multipath Mitigation at Relatively
Low Cost: Initial Performance Results presented at ION SANJEEV GUNAWARDENA is a research assistant professor of
electrical engineering with the Autonomy and Navigation Technology
GNSS+ 2016, the 29th International Technical Meeting (ANT) Center at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), Wright-
Patterson AFB, Ohio. His research interests include RF design, digital
systems design, high-performance computing, software-defined
North Error East Error Down Error radio (SDR) and all aspects of GNSS receivers and associated signal
Method processing.
RMS L RMS L RMS L JOHN RAQUET is a professor of electrical engineering and the director
[m] [%] [m] [%] [m] [%] of the ANT Center at AFIT. He has been involved in navigation-related
research for more than 25 years.
Single-
MARK CARROLL is a research engineer with AFITs ANT Center. He
element 2.29 1.34 6.41 received his B.S. and M.S. in computer engineering from Miami
reference University, Oxford, Ohio, in 2012 and 2014, respectively. His current
research includes multi-GNSS algorithms, SDRs and other GNSS-
Correlator related research and development in support of the Air Force
0.58 75 0.56 58 1.44 78
beamforming Research Laboratory.
Traditional
0.40 83 0.39 71 0.89 86 MORE ONLINE
beamforming
Further Reading
TABLE 3 3D RMS position error and percent error reduction with respect For references related to this article, go to gpsworld.com and click on "More" in
the navigation bar, then on "Innovation."
to single-element antenna.
|
MOBILEUPDATE
S-GPS May Increase Smartphone LBS Accuracy
U
nited Kingdom-startup with location-based services (LBS).
Focal Point Positioning has D-Tail is a human motion modeling
unveiled two new positioning system that can accurately track
technologies. S-GPS and D-Tail users in three dimensions using the
represent step changes in consumer inertial sensors in their smartphones
GPS processing and smartphone or wearable devices. The result is a
indoor positioning, the company said. precise trace of the users motion,
S-GPS is a new signal processing, better than the detail and accuracy
sensor fusion and machine learning provided by dead-reckoning and Wi-Fi
scheme that dramatically improves the fingerprinting techniques.
accuracy and availability of satellite- complex urban environments. D-Tail is designed to improve the
based positioning signals, the company The improvements have t he performance and accuracy of activity
said. capability to address challenging tracking apps and LBS analytics.
The patent-pending technology navigation problems such as locating Focal Point Positioning is starting
provides increased sensitivity and emergency mobile phone calls, to engage with chipset manufacturers
multipath mitigation capabilities that navigating autonomous vehicles to deploy t he te chnolog ies in
allow modern smartphones to maintain through dense urban environments, smartphones, according to founder
accurate GPS fixes deep indoors and in and improving consumer interaction and CEO Ramsey Faragher.
Reyak Integrates u-blox APP GIVES USERS A SAFETY HALO

into Router Platform Virtual Halo is a personal protection app for the iPhone and Apple Watch,
R
eyax Technology, an industrial aimed at increasing safety around the world.
and telematics systems provider The app has three key features. SOS is designed as a personal panic button.
for aftermarket telematics, has When pressed in the iPhone app or
launched a new industrial router platform on the Apple Watch, an emergency
that incorporates cellular, short-range and notification is sent by the Virtual
GNSS modules from u-blox. Halo cloud to the users emergency
The RYW2000 4G LTE and Wi-Fi hot- contacts, providing the nearest street
spot router platform uses the EVA-M8M, address and a link to the users loca-
a tiny concurrent GNSS module, a TOBY-L2 tion on their map.
cellular LTE module that offers throughput The Check In feature lets emer-
of up to 150 Mb/s with LTE Cat.4, and an gency contacts know the user is OK;
ELLA-W131 2.4-GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth optionally, the user can include a
module. custom message and location.
The RY W2000 router platform is With the Going Out feature, ad-
designed for industrial and telematics ap- venture sports enthusiasts let the app
plications where performance, reliability know their intended destination and
and conformance to changing environmen- when theyll be back. If they dont
tal conditions are critical. disable the app by their preset time,
The new router platform RYW2000 in- the Virtual Halo service sends a text
cludes a router platform card for industrial to their emergency contacts letting
and telematics applications and measures them know the user went out, the activity they were participating in, that
50.95 x 30 millimeters. Its operating condi- they expected to be back by the specific time and that they havent returned;
tion and power are DC 3.3V-5.5V. it also provides the users last known location.
|
MOBILEUPDATE
R&S Simulator Tests Russias Emergency Call System

ew c ar s f or t he Ru ss ian ERA-GLONASS emergency call system
N
system.
market must be equipped
with the automatic ERA-
GLONASS emergency call
For certification of these in-vehicle

fulfills the accuracy requirements of
the specification.
In case of an emergency, the call
system should not only correctly
transmit position data according to a
systems, both conformance and specified protocol to the public safety
performance tests are mandatory, in answering point, but position data
line with the Russian GOST R 55534 must also be accurate so that the first
specification. with an R&S CMW500 wideband radio responder can locate the accident
For both t ypes of tests, the communication tester, GNSS simulator vehicle quickly.
Russian Certification Center Svyaz- an d t he a ss o ciate d ap pli c at i on ERA-GLONASS module
Certificate uses standard-compliant software. manufacturer s and test houses
test solutions from Rohde & Schwarz. Now, for the newly required per- can use the R&S SMBV100A during
M anuf ac t ur e r s an d co mp o n e nt formance test, the center is using the pre-tests to create reliable and
suppliers can use the same test GNSS simulator in the R&S SMBV100A reproducible conditions similar to
solution in pre-tests to speed up vector signal generator. those in official certification tests,
certification for their products. Accuracy Requirements. During according to Rohde & Schwarz, to
The R&S SMBV100A was first used performance testing, it is verified minimize the risk of failing tests during
in the mandatory conformance test, whether the GNSS receiver of an certification.
G P S W O R L D B U Y E R S G U I D E .C O M
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|
DEFENSEUPDATE
Autonomous Vehicles, Drone Swarms a Go

S
oldier-borne sensors, leader-
follower cargo-hauling
technology and tiny, handheld
unmanned aircraft are in the forefront
of new technologies planned for U.S.
warfighters, according to Maj. Gen.
Robert M. Bo Dyess.
In October 2016, the deputy
director of the U.S. Army Capability
Integration Center told AUVSIs
Unmanned Systems Defense audience
that developing tools and systems
demanded by soldiers is key. He cited a
recent demonstration exercise, in which
soldiers responded enthusiastically to
Three drones work together to beam back information about an enemys location and
small, backpackable UAS that would block their radar signals. (Photo: DARPA)
let them see over the next hill or fence.
The Army also is developing up to 2041.The document will show conceived as fast and resistant to heavy
autonomous ground systems to industry what the Pentagon wants winds. They could be kicked out the
combat both low-tech guerilla and so companies can, if they choose, back of a fighter jet moving at Mach
militia groups as well as high-tech adjust their internal research and 0.9, as they did during an operational
combatants from organized industrial development (R&D) activities. exercise in Alaska in 2015, or thrown
powers. A contested electromagnetic Swarms. One area not much into the air by a soldier in the middle
spectrum is emerging as a critical explored by industry is swarming of the Iraqi desert.
battlefield in the contemporary and technology. Hordes of flying, thinking One consultant said a human
future warscape, Dyess said. armed robots would autonomously operator may not be able to compete
Roadmap. The U.S. Department of coordinate, altering attack strategies with a fully autonomous system that
Defense (DoD) will publish a new in mid-mission and pushing through identifies, analyzes and geolocates a
unmanned systems roadmap in the to strike targets kamikaze-style. target, especially in such a scenario
first quarter of 2017, covering plans Swarming micro-drones are where the swarm is moving rapidly.
Ground Robots. The Army has put
a robotic vehicle into an accelerated
acquisition program. The squad
mission support transport robot
(SMET) is designed to carry heavy loads
for troops. SMET is a 1,000-pound
tracked or wheeled platform carrying
rucksacks, water or ammunition. A
SMET version was recently tested in
Afghanistan.
The SMET also has been chosen
as a pilot program for a new way to
do acquisitions that could shave time
off development and fielding of new
technologies, with industry involved
The autonomous squad mission support transport robot (SMET) is designed to carry heavy from the start in specifications and
loads for troops. (Photo: U.S. Army) requirements.
|
DEFENSEUPDATE
Mayflower Provides Anti-Jam Upgrade to Submarines

M a y f l ow e r C o m mu n i c a t i o n s ,
subcontractor to Lockheed Martin
Sippican, is applying its Submarine
Anti-Jam GPS Enhancement (SAGE)
to the U.S. Navy Multifunction Mast
Antenna System (OE-538B) upgrade to
improve submarine communications
a nd me e t Nav i gat ion Wa r f a re
(NAVWAR) requirements.
T h e S AG E w a s d e v e l o p e d
specifically for submarine platforms
to support U.S. Navy requirements
for GPS anti-jam. The SAGE is a high-
performance and low size, weight and
power (SWaP) cost-effective antenna
system that will enable the submarine
fleet to operate in GPS contested or
denied environments.
It can supply clean GPS signals to
multiple GPS receivers from a single
antenna and is compatible with C/A, U.S. Navy submarine antenna arrays are being upgraded. (Photo: U.S. Navy) Inset:
SAASM P(Y) and M-code receivers. The SAGE (NavGuard 501) GPS anti-jam unit.
Raytheon, DARPA Work to Protect NEW REPORT COVERS GLOBAL

Power Grid Against Cyber Attack MILITARY GPS DEVICE MARKET
The Pentagons Defense Advanced Research Projects GPS-enabled devices render large amount of assistance to
Agency (DARPA) has awarded Raytheon multiple contracts a countrys armed forces on battlefields. In modern-day
to research and develop technologies that will detect combat scenarios, the need to be technically advanced and
and respond to cyber attacks on the U.S. power grid the ability to achieve precision strikes with minimal losses
infrastructure. are taking center stage.
The contracts, which total $9 million, were awarded This has resulted in greater use of GPS-guided devices
under DARPAs Rapid Attack Detection, Isolation and and weapons by soldiers, which are considered in a new
Characterization Systems program. report by Research and Markets.
Raytheon BBN will create technologies to enhance In Global Military GPS Device Market 20162020,
situational awareness by providing early warning of an analysts forecast the global military GPS device market to
impending attack and detecting adversary spoofing of grow at a compound annual growth rate of 3.69 percent
power grid data collection and communication. These between 2016 and 2020. To calculate the market size, the
technologies will also maintain situational awareness in report considers the expenditure of each of the three major
the immediate aftermath of an attack. world regions to acquire these military GPS devices for
The company will also examine methods to maintain enhanced performance of warfighters.
secure emergency communication networks in the The report has been prepared based on an in-depth
aftermath of an attack. Raytheon BBNs approach seeks market analysis with inputs from industry experts. It cov-
to isolate affected organizations from the internet and ers the market landscape and its growth prospects over
establish a secure emergency network to coordinate power the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of
restoration without depending on external networks. the key vendors. Go to www.researchandmarkets.com.
|
MACHINECONTROLUPDATE
Vertical RTK Aids Ag Accuracy

V
e r t i c a l a c c u r a c y f or
agriculture can be
improved with a new real-
time kinematic (RTK)
system for grade control.
VerticalPoint RTK provides
significantly enhanced vertical accuracy
and stability of standard single-baseline
RTK systems, reducing the downtime
and costly delays for agriculture land
improvement contractors, according
to maker Trimble, who launched the
patent-pending system in December.
VerticalPoint RTK is available
in North America and Australia
as an unlock on the Trimble FmX
integrated and TMX-2050 displays.
It also works in combination with the Reducing vertical errors in leveling using RTK can increase productivity in challenging
Trimble FieldLevel II system, which environments at any time of year.
streamlines the surveying, designing
and leveling steps required for land increase to approximately 95 percent. compatible with Trimbles TMX-2050
leveling projects. In addition, this increase in uptime display and FmX integrated display.
The VerticalPoint RTK system occurs even in the most challenging The system can efficiently maintain
includes two stationary supplemental environments and at any time of year, grade control over time, minimize op-
rovers for live, dynamic data collection. Trimble said. erator cost, and provide live dynamic
When vertical accuracy inconsis- Part of Trimbles Water Manage- data collection with maximum vertical
tencies occur, agriculture contractors ment solutions, VerticalPoint RTK is accuracy, according to Trimble.
must wait to restart leveling until the
vertical signal is once again accurate,
and in some instances even rework WHY VERTICAL MATTERS
portions of the field that were incor- Inconsistent vertical GPS accuracy, may have to stop and wait. I cant
rectly leveled before the vertical signal which results from a variety of get onto the next job since Im
inconsistency was discovered. atmospheric and other interference waiting for the vertical accuracy to
VerticalPoint RTK significantly sources, caused inefficiency be where it needs to be.
reduces vertical design errors in and significant time delays for Lawfield said the vertical accuracy
leveling and land forming projects, Lawfield Land Leveling, a custom capabilities of VerticalPoint RTK
Trimble said, which can occur land-leveling business in Catron, allows a project from bulk
from inconsistent vertical GPS Missouri. hauling to finish passes to be
signals resulting from atmospheric On average during the summer more efficient.
interference. With VerticalPoint months, we may see five to six The more accurate bulk hauling
RTK, contractors can experience an hours a day where we dont have is, the less work to be done while
approximate 25 percent increase in the level of vertical GPS accuracy finishing, he said. VerticalPoint
overall uptime. that we need to complete finish RTK is consistent and repeats
The industry experiences about passes, said company owner Jarrett elevation, so it has virtually
75 percent uptime; however, with Lawfield. At times, all we lack is a eliminated the times when we are
VerticalPoint RTK uptime can finish pass, and then we very well unsure of the vertical GPS accuracy.
|
MACHINECONTROLUPDATE
FARMSTAR SERVICE IMPROVED

The Farmstar service has been further improved through
use of new satellite imagery.
Farmstar, a service of Airbus Defence and Space and
ARVALIS Institut du vgtal, helps thousands of French
farmers reduce costs and increase yields. It combines satel-
lite, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and aircraft geospatial
imagery with agronomic expertise.
New images acquired by the SPOT 6 and SPOT 7 satellites
will make it possible to issue intra-field recommendations
for areas as small as 1 hectare. Also, new interactive advice Agricultural areas near the Seine estuary, during the 2014
is provided for nitrogen input at the 1-centimeter ear stage. crop season, captured by SPOT 5 satellite.
Automatic and manual modulation files are accessible to
all farmers via the Farmstar web portal. An additional tool optimizes how this two-fold yieldprotein content objective
for calculating the nitrogen input at the 1-centimeter ear is addressed.
stage enables this input to be broken down and adjusted for The new developments follow a difficult year of poor me-
wheat, barley and triticale crops. teorological conditions, so French farmers are looking to
Nitrogen specifications. The nitrogen fertilization rec- save on farm inputs while continuing to manage their crops
ommendations now take into account the objectives of the sustainably and with a focus on environmental protection.
governments protein plan for wheat quality, thanks to new The number of farmers signed up for the service has risen
nitrogen requirement specifications for soft wheat, which over the past 15 years, to 18,000 farmers in 2016.
Free Educational Webinars

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Recent webinars available on demand include:
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|
/ REMOTE SENSING
NASAs Mini GNSS Satellites to Predict Weather
S
urrey Satellite Technol-
ogys Space GNSS Re-
ceiver Remote Sensing
Instrument (SGR-ReSI)
is the primary payload
onboard NASAs CYGNSS constella-
tion, launched Dec. 15 from Cape Ca-
naveral Air Force Station in Florida.
The Cyclone Global Navigation
Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission
is part of the NASA Earth System
Science Pathfinder Program that
aims to improve extreme weather
prediction by studying how tropical
cyclones form.
GNSS-R. The CYGNSS space At 510 km above the Earths surface, the eight CYGNSS microsatellite
segment consists of a constellation observatories are deployed in pairs. (Image credit: University of Michigan)
of eight micro-satellites, each
carrying the Surrey SGR-ReSI as As a constellation of eig ht evaporation into the atmosphere.
the observatory payload in the spacecraft, CYGNSS will do what The latent heat in the water vapor
form of a delay Doppler mapping a single craft cant in terms of is then released into the atmosphere
instrument. The instrument measuring surface wind speeds inside by condensation and precipitation.
collects ocean surface roughness hurricanes and tropical cyclones at The CYGNSS observatories will
data using a technique called GNSS high time-resolution, to improve continuously monitor surface winds
reflectometry (GNSS-R), providing our ability to understand and predict across Earths tropical hurricane
CYGNSS with a new method for how these deadly storms develop, belt. Each satellite is capable of
looking inside hurricanes. Wind said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate capturing four wind measurements
speed will be estimated from the data. administrator for NASAs Science per second, adding as many as 32
Earth Science Constellation. CYGNSS Mission Directorate. wind measurements per second for
is NASAs first Earth science small The CYGNSS mission is expected the entire constellation.
satellite constellation, designed to to lead to more accurate weather
help improve forecasts of hurricane forecasts of wind speeds and storm
intensity, hurricane tracks and surges.
storm surges. CYGNSS will measure Its constellation of eight microsat-
previously unknown details crucial ellite observatories will measure sur-
to accurately understanding the face roughness of the worlds oceans,
formation and intensity of tropical with data collected used to calculate
cyclones and hurricanes. surface wind speeds and provide a
better picture of a storms strength collecting data: Each CYGNSS
and intensity. microsatellite receives direct GPS signals to
Inner Core. The intense rain in locate the observatory, as well as signals
eyewalls blocks the view of the reflected off the ocean surface to determine
inner core by conventional satellites. wind speed. The specular point is where
the scattering originates if the surface is
CYGNSS can penetrate the eyewall to perfectly smooth. With a roughened surface,
gather data about a storms intense the scattering originates from a diffuse
inner core. The inner core engine region called the glistening zone, centered
Break-away of a CYGNSS micro satellite. of the storm extracts energy on the specular point.(Image: University of
(Image: Southwest Research Institute) from the warm surface water via Michigan)
|
ROBUST POSITIONING FROM VISUAL-INERTIAL AND GPS
G
PS positioning in urban scenarios is challenging
because of large numbers of non-line-of-sight outlier
measurements. We propose a robust positioning
algorithm that combines GPS observations with
visual-inertial odometry information to handle such outliers.
We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in a
simulation scenario with close to 80% outliers. In experiments
in a mild urban-canyon environment, our approach reduces the
95th percentile horizontal positioning error by 66% compared
to a GPS-only solution.
Motivation. GPS performance drastically degrades if large
parts of the sky are obstructed. This occurs for example in
urban-canyon scenarios, where GPS positions may be off by
as much as 50 m. These large positioning errors are prohibitive
in applications such as autonomous vehicles and advanced
driver assistance systems (ADAS).The large positioning errors
in urban canyons are mainly caused by non-line-of-sight
(NLOS) observations and multipath effects. Such observations
result when the line-of-sight (LOS) path from the receiver to a
satellite is blocked, and the receiver instead erroneously tracks Part of the drive trajectory in downtown Somerville.
a reflected version of the satellite signal.
Summary of Results. We propose a low-cost method to
detect and remove such NLOS outliers by combining GPS
pseudorange measurements with visual inertial odometry (VIO)
measurements. These measurements are complementary: GPS
pseudoranges provide absolute positioning information; VIO
measurements, constructed from camera frames and inertial
measurements, provide high-accuracy relative positioning.
We develop a robust and efficient, tightly-coupled GPS+VIO
positioning algorithm, able to work under extremely challenging
conditions. For example, in scenarios with close to 80% of GPS
measurement outliers or with only intermittent satellite visibility.
Even under these extreme conditions, the proposed algorithms
are able to produce reliable and accurate position estimates.
Problem Setting. The overall positioning system consists of a
GPS module and a VIO module. The GPS module provides raw
pseudorange and Doppler range-rate measurements. The VIO
module consists of a camera along with inertial sensors such
as an accelerometer and a gyroscope. The output of the VIO
processing engine are vectors of velocities and displacements Part of the walk trajectory, passing through a building,
where GPS is unavailable.
expressed in the local camera coordinate frame.
We will not go into the details of the VIO design, rather we reference to the GPS frame of reference. This requires estimation
will use it as a black box that provides us with the velocities. The of the rotation matrix relating the VIO frame and the GPS frame.
goal is to integrate the pseudorange measurements across time Once this transformation is completed, the second stage is to
using the highly accurate velocities from the VIO to detect and perform outlier detection and to estimate the rover position.
discard the measurements corrupted by NLOS errors. By Urs Niesen,Venkatesan N. Ekambaram, Jubin Jose, Lionel
The positioning algorithm consists of two stages. In the Garin and Xinzhou Wu, Qualcomm Research. Presented at ION
first stage, we transform the velocities from the VIO frame of GNSS+, September 2016.
|
RTK WITH TIGHT COUPLING OF SIX LOW-COST SENSORS
Performance of RTK positioning, a fusion of GNSS and inertial sensors, in the city center of Munich. Inset: ANavS Multi-Sensor Module with
GNSS receiver (green), 3D accelerometer/ 3D gyroscope and 3D magnetometer (red) and barometer (yellow).
A
t i g ht c oupl i ng of G N S S and i ne r t i a l shift for each reflected signal, and include it in our sensor
measurements is needed for both accurate and fusion. The magnetometer measurements provide rough
reliable positioning. The use of multi-GNSS is attitude information, which makes them very valuable for
recommended to obtain a sufficient number of robust GNSS attitude ambiguity fixing.
visible satellites in any outdoor environment. We verified the performance of our sensor fusion in a test
We perform a joint GPS/ GLONASS ambiguity fixing and a drive on a parking lot. The fixed phase residuals were in the
tight coupling of GNSS, 3D accelerometer, 3D gyroscope, 3D order of a few centimeters for both GPS and GLONASS,
magnetometer, barometer and thermometer measurements. which indicates a very precise position estimation. The
As GLONASS uses FDMA, double difference ambiguities proposed algorithms reduced the horizontal 95th-percentile
are no longer integer-valued. We derive a transformation error from 8.49 m (for a standard GPS-only solution) down
for the GLONASS double difference ambiguity term, that to 3.96 m a 66% improvement. In order to combine
recovers the integer property and maintains a full-rank the GPS and VIO measurements as described in the last
system. The obtained transformation maps the real-valued paragraph, the data need to be brought into the same
double difference ambiguity terms into integer-valued reference frame. We develop a novel method to perform this
double difference ambiguity terms and a common single change of reference frame. The proposed approach combines
difference ambiguity term, that is treated as a real-valued a quaternion reformulation of the problem together with a
parameter. semidefinite relaxation technique.
Low-cost GNSS antennas cannot suppress multipath By Patrick Henkel, Technische Universitt Mnchen and
and, therefore, require an estimation of multipath errors. Houcem Hentati, Advanced Navigation Solutions ANavS,
We provide a precise model for multipath that considers an Munich, Germany. Presented at ION GNSS+, September
individual amplitude, code delay, phase shift and Doppler 2016.
|
MARKET WATCH
OEM 2
CASE STUDY this receiver is actually more likely and how to correct for those factors.
<< Continued from page 46. to be used as a base station, said It works for stakeouts and recovering
Geck, typically set up in a port for points; the unit directs the user to the
system becomes available, well be construction or other maritime next point graphically, saving time.
ready for it too. operations. Not a closed system, it For surveyors in obstructed areas,
RTK, Correction Sources. Hemispheres works with Atlas, other protocols like position reliability will often degrade.
Athena RTK engine, is designed to Surveyors are aware of this, but
process the new signals with high- its hard to compensate when they
accuracy performance. In addition to dont have information about just
traditional RTK correction methods I put mine on top whats happening with accuracy.
using NTRIP and UHF/900 MHz of a two-meter SureFix uses proprietary algorithms
radios, Hemisphere also provides and various inputs to give a quality
Atlas, its own L-band correction
pole and dropped indicator for particular points, for
service: subscription-based, flexible, it onto concrete confidence when shooting in difficult
available over the Earths landmass, and dirt, and I multipath conditions, or telling a
from approximately 200 reference surveyor to slow down to get the
stations, providing up to sub- also tried it out in required precision. This improves
decimeter accuracies via L-band wet weather fieldwork and can eliminate trips
satellites or over the Internet. back to the field to correct errors.
The new receiver was also designed
worked fine! C ar l s on S of t w are l e ve r a ge d
with a built-in UHF radio, and its 30+ years in land surveying,
multiple wireless communication while Hemisphere GNSS added
ports to enable corrections via radio, TrimTalk, and with external radios manufacturing experience and GNSS
cellular modem, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or that can be connected as needed. and RTK expertise. The result is a
serial connections. Productivity. For surveyors, Carlson compact receiver, BRx6 from the
Base Station Capacity. The receiver specified a compass and a tilt sensor former and S321 from the latter, tuned
can serve as both rover and base so the receiver knows if the pole is for the requirements and workflows
station. For our marine clients, vertical, how its oriented horizontally, of customers daily projects.
ADVERTISER INDEX: COMPANIES FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE

ADVERTISER PAGE(S) ADVERTISER PAGE(S)
CAST NAVIGATION INSIDE FRONT COVER RACELOGIC 7
COMNAV TECHNOLOGY 13 SBG SYSTEMS 15
GENEQ 53 SEPTENTRIO 11
IP-SOLUTIONS 9 SKYDEL/TALEN-X 49
KCS BV INSIDE BACK COVER SPIRENT FEDERAL 5
MUNICH SATELLITE NAVIGATION SUMMIT 18 TELEORBIT 47
NOVATEL S2-S3, S24, BACK COVER UNICORE COMMUNICATIONS 51
|
SEEN HEARD
GAME-PLAYING RESEARCH
A dementia research experiment in the form of a video game indicates the ability to
navigate declines consistently after the teenage years. University College London
scientists harnessed data from 2.4 million people who downloaded Sea Hero Quest,
a nautical adventure to save an old sailors lost memories. The game anonymously
records the players sense of direction and navigational ability as they work their way
through the levels. The results could help make an early-detection dementia test.
COSMIC TRASH INCINERATION
JAXA is testing a way to destroy space junk.
The prototype Kounotori Integrated Tether
Experiments
TRACKING HIGH-VALUE AIR CARGO (KITE) arrived at
Amerijet has approved Starcom Systems the International
Kylos Air GPS tracking device for cargo Space Station
aboard its aircraft. Kylos Air allows for Dec. 12, allowing
close monitoring of high-value air cargo, engineers to test
temperature sensitive products and the mechanisms,
equipment. The units go into airplane mode including GPS,
while in the air, but communicate the moment that guide a
they exit the aircraft, helping minimize the tether-equipped
ramp time of sensitive cargo. The cargo can spacecraft to
be tracked on smartphones, desktops or drag junk to burn up in the atmosphere.
other platforms.
DRONE DISPUTE
In December, a Chinese navy submarine rescue vessel
launched a small boat and seized an unmanned underwater
vehicle (UUV), deployed by oceanographic survey ship
USNS Bowditch. The Pentagon said the Chinese ship ignored
TRACKING DOWN UNDER
repeated demands from the Bowditch to return the vehicle.
Australian Agricultural Company is using pocket-
The incident took place in international waters about 50
sized GPS beacons on four remote cattle stations in
miles northwest of Subic Bay in the Philippines. The Chinese
a trial program to track and monitor staff working in
government returned the drone a few days later.
remote areas. On the massive stations, staff often
work areas where phones and UHF radios dont
work. The GPS devices can beam distress signals
to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority for an
immediate search-and-rescue response.
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38s 35s 2s 1 serial 9600 40 to +85 <37 mA typical 20C

na na na na na 9600 40 to +85 ext <20 mA - 3V 30 mA - 5V na

na na na na na 9600 40 to +85 ext <20 mA - 3V 30 mA - 5V na

JANUARY 2017 WWW.GPSWORLD.COM G P S W O R L D S21

S22 G P S W O R L D WWW.GPSWORLD.COM JANUARY 2017