Dr.

NAVALAR NEDUNCHEZHIYAN COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING
Tholudur, Cuddalore (Dt) 606 303.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK

Subject Code/Subject: EC1016 / WIRELESS NETWORKS

Name : S.SOMNATH SUNDAR Designation : ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

Dept : ECE Semester : VIII

UNIT I
PHYSICAL AND WIRELESS MAC LAYER ALTERNATIVES
Wired transmission techniques: Design of wireless modems Power efficiency Out of band
radiation Applied wireless transmission techniques Short distance base band transmission
VWB pulse transmission Broad modems for higher speeds Diversity and smart receiving
techniques Random access for data oriented networks Integration of voice and data traffic.

PART-A (1 MARKS)
1. Modem stands for
(a) A type of secondary memory (b) Modulator demodulator
(c) Mainframe operating device memory (d) none of the above
2. Typical bandwidth of optical fibers is
(a) Order of GHz (b) Order of KHz (c) Order of Hz (d) None of the above
3. A large number of computers in a wide geographical area can be efficiently connected by
(a) Twisted pair lines (b) Coaxial cables (c) Communications satellites
4. Which of the following topologies is not of broadcast type?
(a) Star (b) Bus (c) Ring (d) None of the above
5. Which technology was used in the first generation wireless cellular systems?
(a) FDMA (b) TDMA (c) FM (d) CDMA
6. What motivated service providers to seek new and improved technological transmission applications for
second generation systems
(a) Availability of excess frequency spectrum (b) Excess capacity
(c) To obtain increased propagation coverage (d) To accommodate the increased number of
subscribers
7. Which of the following was not a feature of the first major improvement in cellular transmission
technology?
(a) Upgrade from FM technology to FDMA technology
(b) Use of a complex system of channelization with 30 kHz channels
(c) Use of cell sectored directive antennas and complex frequency reuse planning
(d) Increase the height of cellular antennas

Department of ECE Wireless Networks

8. Computer to computer communication is:
(a) Simplex (b) Duplex (c) Half Duplex (d) All
9. Which of the following is the fastest media of data transfer
(a) Co-axial Cable (b) Untwisted Wire (c) Telephone Lines (d) Fibre Optic
10. Time synchronization is necessary in
(a) FDM (b) TDM (c) WDM (d) Quadrature multiplexing
11. The number of point to point links required in a fully connected network for 50 entities is
(a) 1250 (b) 1225 (c) 2500 (d) 50
12. For a non-blocking cross bar configuration, taking N as the number of subscribers, there will be
______number of cross points and _______number of switches for establishing connections when all the
subscribers are engaged.
(a) N/2, N2 (b) N2, N/2 (c) 2N, N2 (d) N/2, N3
13. Echo suppressor is detrimental to full duplex operation because
(a) It disables one of the two pairs in a four-wire trunk line when a signal is detected on the other pair.
(b) It enables one of the two pairs in a four-wire trunk line when a signal is detected on the other pair.
(c) It activates both the pairs of a four-wire trunk line.
(d) It is independent of line conditions
14. Telephone companies normally provide a voltage of __________to power telephones.
(a) +24 volts DC (b) -24 volts DC (c) +48 volts DC (d) -48 volts DC
15. The situation when both transmitter and receiver have to work in tandem is referred to as
(a) Parallel (b) serial (c) synchronous (d) asynchronous
16. Common channel signaling______________
(a) Uses the speech or data path for signaling (b) Does not use the speech or data path for signaling.
(c) Needs no additional transmission facilities (d) Finds it difficult to handle signaling during speech
17. A large numbers of computers in a wide geographical area can be efficiently connected using
(a) Twisted pair lines (b) coaxial cables (c) Communication satellites
18. Which transmission mode is used for data communication along telephone lines?
(a) Parallel (b) Serial (c) Synchronous (d) Asynchronous
19. A sample rate of ________is required for a good quality representation of telephone conversation.
(a) 4500 times per second (b) 700 integer sample points per minute.
(c) 50 times per second per mile of distance travelled (d) 8000 times per second
20. The ________is a circuit-switched network, while the ______is a packet-switched network.
(a) Telephone, ATM (b) SONET and FDDI
(c) Satellite, Telephone (d) FDDI and SONET

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
b a c c c d c b d b
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
c b a d c c d b c a

PART-B (2 MARKS)
21. Define diversity concept?
If one radio path undergoes a deep fade, another independent path may have a strong signal. By having more
than one path to select from, both the instantaneous and average SNRs at the receiver may be improved often by as
much as 20dB to 30dB.

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22. What is diversity?
Diversity is used to compensate for fading channel impairments and is usually implemented by using two
or more receiving antennas. Diversity improves transmission performance by making use of more than one
independently faded version of the transmitted signal.
23. Define spatial diversity?
The most common diversity technique is spatial diversity, whereby multiple antennas are strategically
spaced and connected to a common receiving system. While one antenna sees a signal null, one of the other antenna
may see a signal peak, and the receiver is able to select the antenna with the best signals at any time
24. What are the techniques used to improve the received signal quality?
Equalization, Diversity, Channel coding
25. What are the advantages of UWB pulse transmission? (MAY/JUNE 2009)
i)The spectral height of the UWB signal is very low because a small transmission power is spread over a
large bandwidth,
ii) Because of its wide bandwidth and large duty cycle the UWB signal isolates multipath components
resulting in a stable received power signal with minimal fading effects.
26. What types of access technologies are used for the following systems? (NOV/DEC 2009)
(a)AMPS (b) GSM (c) IMT 2000
AMPS-FDMA/FDD (Frequency Division Multiple Access/ Frequency Division Duplexing)
GSM-CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
IMT 2000-W-CDMA (Wideband- Code Division Multiple Access)
27. State some of the features of CDMA
* Users of CDMA share the same frequency.
* CDMA has soft capacity limit.
* Multipath fading may be substantially reduced
* Channel data rates are very high
28. Define efficiency of TDMA
The efficiency of a TDMA is a measure of the percentage of transmitted data that contains information as
opposed to providing overhead for the access scheme.
29. What are the features of TDMA?
* TDMA shares a single carrier frequency with several users, where each user makes use of non-overlapping
time slots.
* Data transmission occurs in bursts.
* Handoff process is much simpler
* Duplexers are not required, since transmission and reception occurs at different time slots.
30. What are the nonlinear effects in FDMA?
In FDMA, many channels share the same antenna at the base station. The power amplifiers are nonlinear
which causes signal spreading in the frequency domain and generate inter modulation frequencies. It is undesirable
and can result in interference

PART-C (16 MARKS)

31. Define the time diversity, frequency diversity and space diversity. Explain how diversity is used in rake
receiver. (NOV/DEC 2009)
32. Explain the multicarrier, multisymbol, multirate OFDM Modulation followed in broadband modems for
higher speeds. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

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33. Illustrate Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with suitable
examples. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
34. Discuss the modulation schemes followed in high speed modems for spread spectrum technology.
(MAY/JUNE 2009)
35. Explain the time diversity technique of DSSS and the RAKE receiver. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
36. Explain how to integrate Voice in Data oriented Network. Also explain a method to cope with voice packet
jitter. (NOV/DEC 2009)

UNIT II
WIRELESS NETWORK PLANNING AND OPERATION
Wireless networks topologies Cellular topology Cell fundamentals signal to interference ratio
calculation Capacity expansion techniques Cell splitting Use of directional antennas for cell
sectoring Micro cell method Overload cells Channels allocation techniques and capacity
expansion FCA Channel borrowing techniques DCA Mobility management Radio resources
and power management securities in wireless networks.

PART-A (1 MARKS)
1. Using_________each connected device is assigned a time slot whether or not the device has anything to
send.
a) WDM b) FDM c) TDM d) STDM
2. A/An ______network is typically a company network that connects multiple company locations into a
single network.
a) local area b) enterprise c) campus wide d) protocol.
3. Ethernet 10 Base 2 is an example of ______network topology.
a) Bus b) Ring c) Star d) Mesh
4. The bandwidth requirement of a telephone channel is
a) 3 KHz b) 15 KHz c) 5 KHz d) 25 KHz
5. Maximum channel utilization in a LAN is defined by frame time (tf) and propagation time (tp). It is
defined by
a) tp t f b) t f tp c) 1 t f tp d) t f tp t f
6. The function of ARQ in a network protocol is to:
a) Auto request b) Acknowledge c) Address request d) Abort
7. Engaged tone is generated in the:
a) Telephone instrument of calling subscriber b) Telephone instrument of called subscriber
c) Exchange d) Repeater
8. One Erlang is equal to
a) 3600 CCS b) 36 CCS c) 60 CCS d) 24 CCS
9. The analog signal needs to be sampled at a minimum sampling rate of:
a) 2fs b) 1/(2fs) c) fs/2 d) 2/fs
10. In a time division space switch the size of the control memory is N and its Width:
a) Log10M b) LogeM c) LogNM d) Log2M
11. In a single stage network:
a) There is no redundancy b) There is redundancy
c) Alternative cross points are available d) Alternative paths are available

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12. Signaling transfer point (STP) exist in
a) Strowger exchange b) SS7 c) Local area network d) PABX
13. ARQ is transmitted in the event of:
a) Loss of signal b) Error in received data
c) Improve reliability d) during time out
14. A distributed network configuration in which all data/information pass through a central computer is
a) Bus network b) Star network c) Ring network d) Point to point network
15. An important terminal that is required between DTE and PSTN is
a) Server b) MODEM c) Relay d) Network card
16. Traffic Handling Capacity is given by
a) b) Switching capacity / Theoretical maximum load
c) Theoretical maximum load / switching capacity d) Theoretical maximum load + switching capacity
17. An off-hook signal will repeat for a/an ________duration
a) finite b) infinite c) 40 seconds d) 80 seconds
18. Human voice is centered around ________Hz.
a) 200-400 b) 280-3000 c) 400-600 d) 1400-1800
19. Using_________each connected device is assigned a time slot whether or not the device has anything to
send.
a) WDM b) FDM c) TDM d) STDM
20. When a switch capacity is full, calls coming into that switch are said to be____.
a) Open b) shorted c) blocked d) shunted

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
c b a a d a c a a a
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
a b b b b b a b c c

PART-B (2 MARKS)

21. What is co channel interference?

The interference between the signals from co channel cells is called as co cannel interference.
22. Define co-channel reuse ratio.
It is defined as the ratio between the distances between the centers of nearest co channel cells to the radius
of the cell. Q = D/R
23. Define adjacent channel interference.
Interference resulting from signals which are adjacent in frequency to the desired signal is called adjacent
channel interference.
24. What is blocked call clear system (BCC)?
In a system, a user is blocked without access by a system when no channels are available in the system. The
call blocked by the system is cleared and the user should try again .This is called BCC system.
25. What is blocked call delay system?
If a channel is not available immediately, the call request may be delayed until a channel becomes available.
26. Define cell splitting.
Cell splitting is the process of subdividing congested cells into smaller cells each with its own base stations
and a corresponding reduction in antenna height and transmitter power. It increases the capacity of cellular system.

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27. What is meant by overlaid cell concept in cell splitting? (MAY/JUNE 2009)
The overlaid cell concept can be used to increase the capacity of a cellular network. Here, channels are
divided among a larger macro cell that coexists with a smaller microcell contained entirely within the macro cell.
The same BS serves both the macro and microcells.
28. Explain Cell Breathing in CDMA networks. (NOV/DEC 2009)
In CDMA the boundary of a cell is not fixed and depends on where the Eb/Nt values is reached. For example,
consider the uplink Eb/Nt value that is absorbed at a BS. As the number of traffic channels on the uplink is increased,
this value also increased and that the hand off boundary shifts closer to the BS. This effect is called Cell Breathing.
29. Mention the circumstances that prefer temporary channel borrowing in cellular networks. (MAY/JUNE
2009)
Temporary channel borrowing techniques deals with short term allocation of borrowed channels to cells.
Once a call associated with the borrowed channel is completed the channel is returned to the cell from which it was
borrowed.
30. Find the number of simultaneous users for a cellular topology if W is the total available spectrum, B is
the bandwidth needed per user, N is the frequency reuse factor and M is the number of cells required to
cover an area. (NOV/DEC 2009)
Find the number of simultaneous users for a cellular topology if W is the total available spectrum, B is the
bandwidth needed per user, N is the frequency reuse factor and M is the number of cells required to cover an area.
The number of simultaneous users is given by, n=m (W/N)/B
31. What is sectoring?
Sectoring s a technique for decreasing co-channel interference and thus increasing the system performance
by using directional antennas.

PART-C (16 MARKS)

32. With necessary diagrams explain the mobility management process. (NOV/DEC 2009)
33. Discuss on the power control mechanisms of wireless networks. (NOV/DEC 2009)
34. Explain how cell splitting and lees micro cell zone concept improves the capacity of a cellular system.
(NOV/DEC 2009)
35. Assume that we wanted to deploy an analog FM AMPS system with half band of 15 KHz rather than the
existing 30 KHz. Also assume that in analog FM, the carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I) requirement is
inversely proportional to the square of the bandwidth (4 time increase in C/I for dividing the band into two)
(i) What is the required C/I in dB for the 15MHz channel if the required C/I for the 30 KHz systems in 18dB?
(ii)Determine the frequency reuse factor N needed for the implementation of this 15 KHz per user analog
cellular system.
(iii) If a service provider had a 12.5MHz band in each direction (up-link and down-link) and it would install
30 antenna sites to provide its service, what would be the maximum number of simultaneous users (capacity)
that the system could support in all cells? Neglect the channels that are used for control signaling.
(iv) If we use the same antenna sites but a 30 KHz per channel system with N=7(instead of the 15 KHz) what
would be the capacity of the new system? (MAY/JUNE 2009)
36. We have installed cellular system with 100 sites, a frequency reuse factor of N=7, and 500 overall two-
way channels:
(i) Give the number of channels per cell, total number of channels available to the service provider, and the
minimum carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I) of the system in dB.
(ii)To expand the network, we decide to create an underlay-overlay system where the new systems uses a
frequency reuse factor of K=3. Give the number of cells assigned to inner and outer cells to keep a uniform
traffic density over the entire coverage area. Answer the above two questions with N=12. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

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 UNIT III
WIRELESS WAN
Mechanism to support a mobile environment Communication in the infrastructure IS- 95
CDMA forward channel IS-95 CDMA reverse channel Pallert and frame formats in IS-95, IMT-
2000 Forward channel in W-CDMA and CDMA-2000 Reverse channels in W-CDMA and
CDMA-2000 GPRS and higher data rates Short Messaging Service in GPRS mobile application
protocols.

PART-A (1 MARKS)
1. A computer communication technology that provides a way to interconnect multiple computer across short
distance is
a) LAN b) MAN c) WAN d) Wireless network
2. Wide area networks (WANs) always require
(a) High bandwidth communication source link (b) High speed processors
(c) Same type (d) None of the above
3. MAC is the abbreviation for:
a) Multimedia access control b) Media access control
c) Mobile access control d) Master access point control
4. The CCITT standard bandwidth for speech is:
a) 20000 Hz b) 15000 Hz c) 7000 Hz d) 3400 Hz
5. Maximum channel utilization in a LAN is defined by frame time (tf) and propagation time (tp). It is defined
by
a) tp t f b) t f tp c) ( ) 1 + t f tp d) ( ) t f tp + t f
6. The function of ARQ in a network protocol is to:
a) Auto request b) Acknowledge c) Address request d) Abort
7. Tool that is used to transfer data/files among computers on the Internet
a) FTP b) Archie c) TCP d) Gopher
8. MAC address helps in
a) Multimedia access. b) Media access c) mobile access d) master access point
9. Traffic Intensity can be measured in
a) Erlangs b) CCS c) CM d) All of the above
10. Trunks are the lines that run between
a) Subscribers and exchange b) Switching system and power plant
c) Local area network d) Switching stations
11. Packet switching is used for
a) Credit card verification b) Automated Teller Machine
c) The internet and the World Wide Web d) All of the above
12. The RTS and CTS frames in CSMA/CA ____ solve the hidden station problem. The RTS and CTS frames
in CSMA/CA ____ solve the exposed station problem.
a) can; cannot b)cannot; can c)can; can d)cannot; cannot
13. A two stage non-blocking network requires twice the number of switching elements as the single stage non-
blocking network.
a) TRUE b) FALSE
14. The larger the Grade of Service, the worse is the service given
a) TRUE b) FALSE
15. A certain amount of side tone is essential in telephone communication
a) TRUE b) FALSE

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16. Sky wave Communication is prone to fading
a) TRUE b) FALSE

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
a d b d d a d d
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
b d d c a a a a

PART-B (2 MARKS)
17. What is GSM?
The Global System for Mobile (GSM) is an ETSI (European Telecommunication Standard Institute) for 2G
digital cellular with international roaming. It is a complete standard for pedagogical purposes. It is also an integrated
voice-data service that provides the number of services beyond cellular telephone.
18. What do you mean by forward and reverse channel?
Forward channel is a radio channel used for transmission of information from base station to mobile. Reverse
channel is a radio channel used for transmission from mobile to base station.
19. What is the function of control channel? What are the types?
Control channel is used for transmission of call setup, call request, call initiation & Control. Types are forward
control channel, reverse control channel.
20. What are VLR and HLR? Where they are physically located and why we need them? (NOV/DEC 2009)
VLR-Visitors Location Register
HLR-Home Location Register.
VLR is a temporary database software for identifying the subscribers visiting inside the coverage area and its located
in the Network and Switching Sub- system (NSS)
HLR is a database software that handles the management of the mobile subscriber account and its located in the
Network and Switching Sub- system (NSS)
21. Is CDMA an access method or an air-interface? Justify your answer. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
CDMA is both an access method and an air interface. The rest of the network and system is similar to TDMA
but there are differences in terms of handling the power control and employing soft handoffs.
22. What is meant by Capacity on demand principle in GPRS networks? (MAY/JUNE 2009)
Its states that the capacity allocation for GPRS is based on the actual need for packet transfers. GPRS does not
require permanently allocated physical channels. It offers permanent connections to the internet with volume based
charging that enables a user to obtain a less expensive connection to the internet.
23. Distinguish between CDMA and W-CDMA?

CDMA2000 W-CDMA
It employs 1.2288 Mcps It employs 3.84 Mcps
Synchronous operation Asynchronous operation
Frame length-20ms Frame length-10ms
24. What are the types of GSM services?
Teleservices, Bearer services, Supplementary services
25. What is GPRS?
GPRS is an enhancement of the GSM. It extends data capabilities of GSM and provides connection to external
packet data network through the GSM infrastructure with short access time to network for independent short packets.

Department of ECE Wireless Networks

26. Distinguish soft handoff and hard handoff. (NOV/DEC 2009)

Soft Handoff Hard Handoff

When a reliable link has been established with the
new BS, the mobile stops communicating with
the previous BS, and communication is fully
established with the new BS.
It eliminates clicking and Ping-Pong problem.
In which BSC monitors the received signal from
the BS and at the appropriate time switches the
connection from one base station to another.
During Handoff a click problem appears to the
users.

PART-C (16 MARKS)

27. Draw the GSM protocol architecture and explain the call establishment in GSM using the logical channels.
(NOV/DEC 2009)
28. Explain the forward and reverse channels of WCDMA. (NOV/DEC 2009)
29. Explain the GSM services and the reference architecture of GSM cellular networks. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
30. Explain the registration mechanism to support a mobile environment. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
31. Explain the IS-95 CDMA forward channel in detail. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
32. Explain the IS-95 CDMA reverse channel in detail. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

UNIT IV
WIRELESS LAN
Historical overviews of the LAN industry Evolution of the WLAN industry Wireless Home
Networking IEEE 802.11 The PHY layer MAC layer Wireless ATM HYPER LAN
HYPER LAN 2.

PART-A (1 MARKS)
1. IEEE has defined the specifications for a wireless LAN, called _______, which covers the physical and data
link layers.
a) IEEE 802.3 b) IEEE802.5 c) IEEE802.11 d) IEEE802.2
2. In IEEE 802.11, a ___ is made of stationary or mobile wireless stations and an optional central base station,
known as the access point (AP).
a) ESS b) BSS c) CSS
3. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS without an AP is called a _________.
a) an ad hoc architecture b) an infrastructure network c)either a)or b)
4. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS with an AP is sometimes referred to as ____________.
a) an ad hoc architecture b) an infrastructure network c)either a)or b)
5. In IEEE 802.11, communication between two stations in two different BSSs usually occurs via two ________.
a) BSSs b) ESSs c) APs d) none of the above
6. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________ mobility is either stationary (not moving) or moving only inside a
BSS.
a) no-transition b) BSS-transition c) ESS-transition d) none of the above
7. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________mobility can move from one BSS to another, but the movement is
confined inside one ESS
a) no-transition b) BSS-transition c) ESS-transition d) none of the above
8. In IEEE 802.11, a station with ________ mobility can move from one ESS to another
a) no-transition b) BSS-transition c) ESS-transition d) none of the above

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9. In IEEE 802.11, _______ is an optional access method that can be implemented in an infrastructure network
(not in an ad hoc network).
a) DCF b) PCF c) either (a) or (b) d) neither (a) nor (b)
10. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one station in a BSS to another without passing through the
distribution system, the address flag is _____
a) 00 b) 01 c)10 d)11
11. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is coming from an AP and going to a station, the address flag is
a) 00 b) 01 c) 10 d) 11
12. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one AP to another AP in a wireless distribution system, the
address flag is _____
a) 00 b) 01 c) 10 d) 11
13. The IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs defines two services: ______ and ______
a) BSS; ASS b) ESS; SSS c) BSS; ESS d) BSS; DCF
14. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the DCF sub layer is _________.
a) ALOHA b) CSMA/CA c) CSMA/CD d) none of the above
15. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the PCF sub layer is ______.
a) Contention b) controlled c) polling d) none of the above
16. In IEEE 802.11, the ______ is a timer used for collision avoidance.
a) NAV b) BSS c) ESS d) none of the above
17. In IEEE 802.11, the MAC layer frame has ______ fields
a) four b) five c) six d) none of the above
18. In IEEE 802.11, the addressing mechanism can include up to ______addresses
a) four b) five c) six d) none of the above

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
a a b d c a b a a
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
c c d a a b c d a

PART-B (2 MARKS)

19. What are the challenges faced by the WLAN industry?

1. Complexity and cost
2. Bandwidth
3. Coverage
4. Interference
5. Frequency administration.
20. What is a HAN? (MAY/JUNE 2009)
The HAN provides an infrastructure to interconnect a variety of home appliances and enable them to access
the internet through a central home way.
21. Draw the typical frame format of wireless ATM. (NOV/DEC 2009)

Wireless header ATM header(5 bytes) ATM payload(48 Wireless trailer

bytes)

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22. What is the functional requirement of HIPERLAN-1?
The requirements are i) Data rates of 23.529Mbps ii) coverage of up to 100m iii) multi-hop and ad hoc
networking capability iv)support of time bounded services v) support of power saving
23. What are the difference between the 802.11 and HIPERLAN-2? (NOV/DEC 2009)
The difference between the 802.11 and HIPERLAN-2 is that HIPERLAN-2 provides two alternatives for
passing the information for handover to the new AP. In the first approach new AP retrieves connection status and
association information from the MT. In the second approach MT provides the old AP address to the new AP, and
the information is exchanged over the wire between the old and new APs.
24. What is HIPERLAN?
The HIPERLAN stands for High Performance Radio LAN; it is a standard for high-speed wireless local
networks. It is having ad hoc architecture, a multichip topology is considered that also allows overlay of two
WLANs.
25. Write the function of MAC and MAC management layers?
The function of MAC sub layer are to define the access mechanisms and packet formats, the MAC
management sub layer defines roaming support in the ESS, power management and security.
26. State the relationship between HYPERLAN-2 and WATM. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

Description WATM HYPERLAN-2

Frequency 5.2GHz 5GHz
Medium access Reservation With slotted Centralized scheduling
Aloha
QOS Worst case QOS estimate to ATM/802.1p/RSVP
be used
Data rate 24Mbps 54Mbps
27. Draw the typical frame format of the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet frame format.

Preamble Start DA(2 SA(2 Length Data(0- Pad(0- Checksum(4)

(7) delimiter(1) or 6) or 6) of 1500) 46)
data(2)

28. Draw the frame format of MAC management.

Frame control
Duration
DA
SA
BSSID
Sequence Control
Frame body
FCS

PART-C (16 MARKS)

29. Explain the MAC management sub layer in terms of handoff and power management. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
30. Explain the reference model and protocol entities of WATM. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
31. Discuss the HIPERLAN-1 PHY and MAC layers in detail. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

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32. Discuss the DLC layer of HIPERLAN-2 in detail. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
33. What is PIF, DIF and SIF time intervals and how they are used in IEEE 802.11? (NOV/DEC2009)
34. Explain the difference between the carrier sensing in 802.11 and 802.3. (NOV/DEC 2009)
35. With the required diagram explain the HYPERLAN-1 architecture and MAC layer. (NOV/DEC 2009)

UNIT V
WPAN AND GEOLOCATION SYSTEMS
IEEE 802.15 WPAN Home RF Bluetooth Interface between Bluetooth and 802.11 Wireless
geo location technologies for wireless geo location Geo location standards for E.911 service.

PART-A (1 MARKS)

1. Bluetooth is a ______technology that connects devices (called gadgets) in a small area.

a) Wired LAN b) wireless LAN c) VLAN d) none of the above
2. A Bluetooth network is called a ________.
a) piconet b) scatternet c) bluenet
3. In Bluetooth, multiple ________ form a network called a _________.
a) scatternet; piconets b) piconets: scatternet
c) piconets: bluenet d) bluenet; scatternet
4. A Bluetooth network consists of _ primary device(s) and up to ____ secondary devices.
a) one; five b) five; three c) two; six
5. The RTS and CTS frames in CSMA/CA ____ solve the hidden station problem. The RTS and CTS frames in
CSMA/CA ____ solve the exposed station problem.
a) can; cannot b) cannot; can
c) can; can d) cannot; cannot
6. In Bluetooth, the current data rate ____Mbps
a) 2 b) 5 c) 11 d) none of the above
7. In Bluetooth, the _______ layer is roughly equivalent to the physical layer of the
a) Internet model b) radio c) baseband
8. The access method in Bluetooth is ________.
a) FDMA b) TDD-TDMA c) CDMA
9. In Bluetooth, the _____ link is used when avoiding latency (delay in data delivery) is more important than
integrity (error-free delivery).
a) SCO b) ACL c) ACO d) SCL
10. In Bluetooth, the _____ link is used when data integrity is more important than avoiding latency.
a) SCO b) ACL c) ACO d) SCL
11. Bluetooth uses ______method in the physical layer to avoid interference from other devices or other
networks.
a) DSSS b) FHSS c) FDMA
12. The IEEE 802.11a, uses _________.
a) FHSS b) DSSS c) OFDM
13. The IEEE 802.11g, uses _________.
a) FHSS b) DSSS c) OFDM
14.The original IEEE 802.11, has a data rate of_____Mbps
a) 1 b) 6 c) 11 d) 22
15. IEEE 802.11a, has a data rate of_____Mbps.
a) 1 b) 2 c) 6 d) none of the above

Department of ECE Wireless Networks

16. IEEE 802.11b, has a data rate of_____Mbps.
a) 1 b) 2 c) 5.5 d) none of the above
17. IEEE 802.11g, has a data rate of_____Mbps.
a) 1 b) 2 c) 11 d) 22
18. The IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs use ________ types of frames.
a) four b) five c) six d) none of the above
19. Ethernet uses
a) Bus topology b) Ring topology
c) Mesh topology d) None of the above
20. Wide area networks (WANs) always require
a) High bandwidth communication source link b) High speed processors c) Same type

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
c d a a b c d a b c
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
a b a b c a b c b b

PART-B (2 MARKS)
21. What is IEEE 802.15 WPAN?
The 802.15 WPAN group is focused on development of standards for short distance wireless networks used
for networking of portable and mobile computing devices such as PCs, PDAs, cell phones, printers, speakers,
microphones and other consumer electronics.
22. What are the functional requirements of IEEE 802.15 WPAN?
The functional requirements are
1. Power management: Low power consumption
2. Range: 0-10 meters
3. Speed: 19.2-100 kbps
4. Small size: .5 cubic inches without antenna
5. Low cost relative to target device
23. What is Home RF?
The mission of the Home RF working group is to provide the foundation for a broad range of interoperable
consumer devices by establishing an open industry specification for wireless digital communication between PCs and
consumer electronic devices anywhere in and around the home.
24. Mention the role played by L2CAP in Bluetooth networks. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
The logical link control and adaptation protocol (L2CAP) provides connection-oriented and connectionless
data services to the upper layer protocol, these services include protocol multiplexing, segmentation and reassembly,
and group transactions for data packets up to 64KB in length.
25. What is Bluetooth? Give its data rate. (NOV/DEC 2009)
Bluetooth is an open specification for short range wireless voice and data communications that was originally
developed for cable replacement in personal area networking to operate all over the world. It has a lower data rate.
26. What is wireless geo location system?
The term location based service is used to denote services provided to mobile users based on their geographic
location, position, or known presence. These are based on a geo location infrastructure and system put in place to obtain
location information of users.

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27. Mention the technologies of wireless geo location systems.
The three techniques used in wireless geo location systems are
1. Direction based technique
2. Distance based technique.
3. Finger printing based technique.
28. What is the difference between TDOA and TOA in GPS? (MAY/JUNE 2009)

TDOA TOA
Defines Time Difference Of Arrival Defines Time Of Arrival
Defines hyperboals Defines circles
It does not require the knowledge of the transmit It require the the knowledge of the transmit time
time from the transmitter from the transmitter

29. What does ITS refers?

Intelligent transportation system refer to the ability to autonomously navigate vehicles while making use of the
latest traffic information, road conditions, travel duration and so on.
30. What is the use of Telematics?
The term Telematics is used to imply the convergence of telecommunication and information processing, and
it has since then evolved to refer to automobile systems that combine the GPS location mechanism with wireless
communications.

PART-C (16 MARKS)

31. Explain the four states that a Bluetooth terminal can take. (NOV/DEC 2009)
32. What is the difference between the MAC protocol used by Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11? (NOV/DEC 2009)
33. Explain the different technologies in wireless geo location. (NOV/DEC 2009)
34. Explain the frame format followed in Bluetooth technology. (MAY/JUNE 2009)
35. Discuss the connection management followed in Bluetooth technology. (MAY/JUNE 2009)

Department of ECE Wireless Networks