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the construction method, we found out that the fuse clips are glued to the back of the chassis using
hot glue. As I mention earlier, hot glue will not be so stable and effective compare to nails. So,
we-contractors suggest to use the nails to secure the fuse clip on the back of the chassis.
In conclusion, this tender submission has provided adequate and solid evidence to the Lex Corp to
prove how proficient and skillful our contractors are. Furthermore, our company also set a
timeframe through the Gantt Chart to ensure that we can finish this project in time and also in an
orderly manner. Thus, we believe that we-Kio Rover Enterprise has the most qualification to be
contracted as the contractor to Lex Corp to construct the Mars Rover prototype for them.
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Table of Content
1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Design Package Review ............................................................................................................ 1
2.1 Understanding of the Design ............................................................................................ 1
2.2 Understanding of the Construction Method ..................................................................... 3
2.2.1 Main Body ................................................................................................................ 3
2.2.2 Axles ......................................................................................................................... 3
2.2.3 Wheels....................................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Client Brief Compliance................................................................................................... 3
2.3.1 Dimensional Constraints ........................................................................................... 3
2.3.2 Materials of Construction ......................................................................................... 4
2.3.3 Conceptual Constraints ............................................................................................. 4
2.3.4 Impact and Cushioning Constraints .......................................................................... 5
2.3.5 Cost of Materials ....................................................................................................... 5
3.0 Problems and solution ............................................................................................................... 7
4.0 Addressing Tender Evaluation Criteria .................................................................................. 11
4.1 Complexity.............................................................................................................................. 11
4.1.1 Adapting with surroundings ......................................................................................... 11
4.1.2 Able to handle stress and challenges ........................................................................... 11
4.2 Punctuality .......................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.1 On time......................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.2 Accuracy ...................................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Professionalism ................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.1 Emails and message etiquette ...................................................................................... 12
4.3.2 Communicate in English .............................................................................................. 13
4.3.3 Personal presentation and materials preparation.......................................................... 13
4.4 Teamwork ........................................................................................................................... 14
4.4.1 Proper coordination amongst team members ............................................................... 14
4.4.2 Innovativeness.............................................................................................................. 14
4.5 Construction Skills .............................................................................................................. 15
4.5.1 Ability to build the prototype with efficiency.............................................................. 15
4.5.2 All measurement must be taken with absolute precision and accuracy ....................... 15
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4.5.3 Ability to come up with solutions to problems ....................................................... 15
4.6 Responsibility ..................................................................................................................... 16
4.6.1 The ability to act independently and make decisions .................................................. 16
4.6.2 An obligation to behave correctly towards or in respect of ......................................... 16
5.0 Appendices .............................................................................................................................. 17
5.1 Appendix A - WPR and MOM ........................................................................................... 17
5.2 Appendix B - Emails ........................................................................................................... 22
5.3 Appendix C - Screenshots of text messages ....................................................................... 25
5.4 Appendix D - Photos and Certificate .................................................................................. 27
5.5 Appendix E - Peer Feedback and Team Dynamics Report................................................. 32
6.0 Updated Design Package ........................................................................................................ 36
7.0 Reference List ......................................................................................................................... 53
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1.0 Introduction
This document contains KIO Rover Enterprises tender submission for the construction of
Empacts Mars Rover prototype. It addresses the design criteria proposed as part of the design
package of the Lex Corp.
According to the overall view of the Mar Rover, the design in simple and easy to
understand. We understand that the movement of the vehicle only can move back and forth and no
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power sources are used to control it. It only can move when we exert a force onto it. No turning is
needed during the testing of Mars Rover. Hence, the vehicle should move in a straight line. We-
constructors proposed a suggestion to modify the wheels by covering the wheels with a layer of
popped balloon around the circumference. This helps the wheels to have enough traction to move
the vehicle smoothly without sliding on the floor (McCoy, 2010 p. 18). In addition, a load will be
put on top of the chassis during testing day. The load is easily visible in a distance, that fulfilled
the requirements of the Mars Rover Design Requirements.
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2.2 Understanding of the Construction Method
2.2.1 Main Body
The main body of the Mars Rover is made out of wooden board. The dimension of wooden
board (1) which was the chassis of the vehicle is cut into (19.5130.4) cm by using saw. Then,
wooden board (2) which was cut out with a dimension of (1330.4) cm is then glued to the
wooden board (1) at the front wheel area. Next, cut two piece of wooden board (3) with dimension
(530.4) cm and stick them horizontally onto wooden board (2), leaving a gap in between the
two wooden boards (3). This function as a holder to hold the upper part of the bottle. Lastly,
prepare two wooden board with dimension of (3.530.4) cm and glued it horizontally at the
midpoint of the chassis that is wooden board (1) leaving a gap in between them. This function as
a holder to hold the rear part of the water bottle.
2.2.2 Axles
Divide the wooden board (1) [19.5cm] into three parts [around 8.33cm per part]. Mark the
measurements and place the chopstick on the marks on the wooden block. Next, a length of 6.5cm
from the end of each side is measured and marked down. This is to make sure that the chopsticks
m symmetrical to one another. The fuse clips are then fixed on that position using glue stick. After
that, insert the chopsticks through the opening of the fuse clips. Two fuse clips are used for one
chopstick to ensure stabilization. Attached the other two fuse clips on the other side of the board
too.
2.2.3 Wheels
The Mars Rover contains 4 wheels. The front wheels are smaller in size compared to the
rear wheels. Each wheel is made up of two CDs which are attached together with cellophane tape.
For the front and rear part of the wheels, we need a total of 8 bottle caps. The function of the bottle
caps is to hold the discs so that it will not slip away easily. So first, for the front part of the wheels,
we need to insert a bottle cap facing outwards, then the smaller size CDs which was already been
attached together was inserted after the bottle cap. Lastly, a bottle cap facing inwards was inserted.
Repeat the steps for the rear part of wheels. Then the wheels of the car is done.
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2.3.2 Materials of Construction
According to the Mars Lander/Rover Design Requirements, there are no specific materials
required to construct the vehicle. However, there is a cost limit that is RM30 when pricing the
materials using the spreadsheet provided on blackboard. In addition, 3D printed components are
permitted provided that the total 3D cost is less than 25% of the theoretical prototype cost (as
determined by the spreadsheet).
In construction stage, recycled materials are recommended and this may result in a higher
performance level (Appendix A). The actual cost is calculated by considering the cost incurred by
the contractors.
From this point, the Lex Corp has uses certain recycled materials and non-recycled materials as
follow. Price is included:
1 piece wooden board (19.5130.4)cm RM2.00
1 piece wooden board (1330.4)cm RM1.60
2 pieces wooden board (530.4)cm RM2.00 for 2
2 pieces wooden board (3.530.4)cm RM1.50 for 2
8 bottle caps RM0.80 for 8-
recycled
2 chopsticks RM0.50 for 2
8 Discs RM3.20 for 8 -
recycled
4 fuse clips RM1.00 for 4
5 glue sticks RM3.00 for 5
200mm Cellophane tape RM0.80 for
200mm
1 600ml mineral water bottle -Provided by
Curtin University
From the materials stated above, we-contractors from Lex Corp would like to give some
suggestion in order to reduce the cost of the project by changing some materials to recycled
materials. For instance, chopsticks can be obtained from one of our contractors (Sim Wen Sen) as
he has many leftover chopsticks from his previous birthday party. Furthermore, the glue stick can
be obtain from one of our contractors (Lim Khai Ching) , as she has many leftover from her
previous project.
Overall, Lex Corp has fulfilled the requirements stated in the Clients Brief as their cost of their
building material doesnt exceeds RM30.
2.3.3 Conceptual Constraints
Referring to the Mars Lander/Rover Design Requirement, the vehicle must follow these
rules during testing. This includes the capability of rolling down a slope between 30-45 degrees
for 2 metres, and falling through a vertical drop of 1 metre and must land and stay on its wheels.
The vehicle also has to be able to travel in a straight line without any manual control. Due to the
nature of the project, the vehicle is required to carry a 600ml water bottle which will be provided
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by Curtin University on the testing day. This load must be loaded onto the top of the prototype,
with no complex assembly required. The load must be easily visible from 1m distance.
For this criterion, Lex Corp has designed their Mars Rover which can move in a straight line
without any manual control. Based on the design and construction of the Mars Rovers wheel and
axle, there is no other components that allow the vehicle to turn left and right. Hence, the vehicle
can only move in straight line which is either front or back without any help. But, Lex Corp didnt
take the vertical fall into consideration while designing the Mars Rover. So, we-contractors
proposed some suggestion to ensure that no damage and the load will still be in position after the
fall.
Regarding this criterion, Lex Corp has designed their vehicle which has already fulfilled
the requirements stated above. The vehicle does not have any power sources to activate and control
the car for example motor. Thus, the overall movement of the vehicle is caused by the gravitational
force while sliding down the slope.
Based on Table 1.0, the total cost estimation of Lex Corp is RM16.40, which has fulfilled
the above criteria which is provided by the Mars Lander/Rover Design Requirements. The
company has clearly stated the quantity and price of the materials for the construction of the Mars
Rover. The table of the materials is listed in Table 1.0.
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Materials Quantity Price Source
Wooden board (19.5130.4) cm 1 RM2.00 Hardware Shop
Wooden board (1330.4) cm 1 RM1.60 Hardware Shop
Wooden board (530.4) cm 2 RM2.00 Hardware Shop
Wooden board (3.530.4) cm 2 RM1.50 Hardware Shop
Bottle caps 8 RM0.80 Recycling materials
Chopsticks 2 RM0.50 Recycling materials
Discs 8 RM3.20 Provided by designer
Fuse clips 4 RM1.00 Provided by designer
Glue sticks 5 RM3.00 Hardware Shop
Cellophane tape 200mm RM0.80 Hardware Shop
Table 1.0 List of Materials
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3.0 Problems and solution
After several discussion and meetings between Lex Corps designer and Kio Rovers
contractor, we have planned to make some modification and improvement towards Lex Corp Mars
Rover design. However, the Lex Corp only accept few of the suggestion we-contractor have made,
and some of it was rejected. Below are the problems and suggestions that are proposed by the
contractor of Kio Rover Enterprise.
Problem 1
The vehicle has to go through a free fall about 1 metre and the load carried has to stay in
position after landing. At this point, the design of the Mars Rover of Lex Corp does not secure the
load, that means the load will fall off during or after landing.
Solution 1
Place a safety belt across the load to prevent the load from falling out during the vertical
fall as shown in Diagram 1. This problem had already been resolved as the designers of Lex Corp
accept this suggestion.
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Problem 2
According to the design of Lex Corp, the wheels are made up of CDs, that means that it
has less friction to turn around while sliding down the slope, and maybe will affect the vehicle to
not move in a straight line.
Solution 2
Wrap the wheels with balloon as shown in Diagram 2 to increase the friction with the
ground. First, cut the balloon based on the dotted lines. Then use the middle part of the cut balloon
and try putting it on the CD. This problem had already been resolved but the designers choose to
use duct tape instead of balloon.
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Problem 3
According to the construction method of Lex Corp, the wooden board 2 is attached to
wooden board 1 by using hot glue. After doing some research, we-constructor found out that hot
glue is not stable when to use on wooden board. It might be loosened if undergo any collision, that
means will cause minor damage to the vehicle.
Solution 3
We proposed that wooden board (2) should be nailed onto wooden board 1 as shown in
Diagram 3 to be more secure. From this point, it can withstand the impact given while landing on
the ground and the wooden boards will not separate easily.
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Problem 4
According to the construction method of Lex Corp, the fuse clip is glued to the back part
of the chassis, that is wooden board (1). Hot glue does not secure completely on wood.
Solution 4
We proposed to place the fuse clip as the diagram below. Then the fuse clip is secured on
wooden board 1 by putting a screw in the middle hole of the it. This can ensure the axles wont
come off easily when receiving an impact.
Diagram 4
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4.0 Addressing Tender Evaluation Criteria
4.1 Complexity
4.1.1 Adapting with surroundings
Certain job requirements require a steep learning curve and the ability to be adaptable to
all circumstances. The criteria identify the ability of contractors and designers to be flexible and
constantly reviewing the situation with the objective of collaborating to achieve project completion
within the specified given duration.
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4.2 Punctuality
4.2.1 On time
Time management is vital for completing ones tasks efficiently. Contractors must be
capable in organising their intimate life and assignment separately to prevent crushing into one
another. Finishing jobs on time without postponing is a must for a contractor.
4.2.2 Accuracy
Contractors must not only know how to plan a good timetable but also conduct the jobs at
the exact time according to the timetable. Complete their tasks precisely without contravene the
original plan.
4.3 Professionalism
4.3.1 Emails and message etiquette
Proper emails and messages etiquette must be observed at all times between tenderers and
designers. The rule of thumb is that all correspondences must be respectful and use of rude or
offensive language should be avoided at all cost. Exception is given for short text messaging which
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can be informal, nonetheless, proper address and the sender must refrain from using non-
derogatory remarks. Professionalism in communication must be upholded in the highest regard.
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Addressing Personal presentation and materials preparation criteria:
For this criterion, we-contractors from Kio Rover Enterprise achieve it by wearing
appropriate clothing to attend the meeting. Besides, we sent the agenda of the meeting (Appendix
B) to all of the designers of Lex Corp one day before the meeting. This let the designers to be clear
about the meeting purpose and have time to prepare for the materials needed for the meeting.
4.4 Teamwork
4.4.1 Proper coordination amongst team members
To ensure that the project will be successful, contractors need to keep an open mind and
resolve conflict or misunderstandings amicably when it happens. Contractors are advised to follow
company procedures to resolve these types of conflicts. By following these procedures, all parties
will be using the proper channels to improve coordination among team members.
4.4.2 Innovativeness
Innovation is to be encouraged as it will allow us to explore new way of doing things.
Nonetheless, contractors should formally propose the improvements to be reviewed and approved
by the designers. This will ensure that the overall design does not deviate from the original vision
of the designers.
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4.5 Construction Skills
4.5.1 Ability to build the prototype with efficiency
Tenderers should leverage on their past experiences to produce the prototype car within the
project timeframe. In all tasks, tenderers should always periodically review the requirements to
ensure that the optimum number of resources are utilized to maximize productivity and efficiency.
4.5.2 All measurement must be taken with absolute precision and accuracy
Addressing all measurement must be taken with absolute precision and accuracy criteria:
As shown in Appendix D, I have done a project which is building world historical
monuments using recycled cans. While building the monuments, all measurements must be taken
skilfully and accurately in order to complete a successful project. I repeated the measurements to
make sure the measurements are correctly marked down. This raise the successful rate to complete
the project.
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Addressing ability to come up with solutions to problems criteria:
For this criterion, we-contractors from Kio Rover Enterprise provide solutions to the
problems arose in the design package of Lex Corp as you can see at 2.0 Problems and Solutions
or in Appendix B.
4.6 Responsibility
4.6.1 The ability to act independently and make decisions
Tendering contractors are required to be self-sufficient and be able to act independently to
make the correct decision on all matters in relation to the project. Safety is of the top most
importance and contractors should ensure that no persons are at risk from injury. Tenderers should
also be responsible for proper project planning and to take ownership of any issues that arises and
not look for someone to blame.
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5.0 Appendices
5.1 Appendix A - WPR and MOM
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Week 2: Weekly Progress Report
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Week 3: Minutes of Meeting and Weekly Progress Report
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Week 4: Minutes of Meeting and Weekly Progress Report
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Week 5: Minutes of Meeting and Weekly Progress Report
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5.2 Appendix B - Emails
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Communication between
contractors and designers
through email
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5.3 Appendix C - Screenshots of text messages
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Conversation between the contractors and Lex Corps designers via text messages
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5.4 Appendix D - Photos and Certificate
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Physics Exhibition, Group 2E7, Foundation of Engineering Semester 2 2016.
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World Historical monuments
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Petronas Ambassadors Project
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5.5 Appendix E - Peer Feedback and Team Dynamics Report
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6.0 Updated Design Package
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7.0 Reference List
McCoy, Kristin. (2010, July 29-31). Mousetrap Cars. Retrieved from
http://mesa.eng.uci.edu/Resources/Students/Mousetrap_Car_General.pdf
Khalpeash Premlall, Jenmarie Jill Engan, Kian Chung Thien, Han Quan Khor, Wasilwa Michael
Wakoli, Belal Saeed Alkhadro. 2017, April 9. Lex Corp Design Package.
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