LECTURE 1 AND 2

1. What are fascicles?

2. What are myofibrils?
3. What are the Z disks made of?
4. What are the A bands?
5. What are the I bands?
6. What is the M line for and where is it?
7. What is the H zone?
8. Describe the organisation of muscle
9. What is nebulins role and what happens in its absence?
10. What does titin do?
11. Describe the sliding filament hypothesis and provide one piece of
experimental evidence in support of it.
12. What do the basal lamina connective sheaths do?
13. What does desmin do?
14. What does Plectin and aB crystallines do?
15. What does dystrophin do? What happens in its absence? What does Laminin-
2 do?
16. Describe the cross bridge cycle including how it is initiated and terminated
indicating the role of calcium.
17. What is the function of the T tubular system what does it connect to the
muscle, and what is the role of the SR?
18. Describe E-C coupling
19 Catalogue the steps involved in skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation.
20. What is an isotonic contraction and an isometric contraction.
21. Explain what is happening during the active component in skeletal muscle
contraction.
22. Explain two mechanisms by which force output is controlled.
23. What differentiates fast and slow muscle fibres?
24. Explain the cellular mechanisms behind fatigue.
25. What are the dense bodies? And what do they do?
26. How is contraction regulated?
27. How is relaxation regulated?
28. Explain the formation and function of caveoli?
29. Describe some of the positions and roles played by smooth muscle in the
body
30. Draw a smooth muscle cell.
31. Draw a cardiomyocyte and explain how it differs in form and function from a
skeletal myocyte
32. Compare and contrast smooth and striated muscle
33. Explain what happens to cardiac myocytes after a heart attack.