Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
On
STANDARD CHARTERED BANK
Submitted by
Brijesh Kumar Singh
……………………………………………………………………………….
Batch: 2009-2011
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Finally, I would also like to thank all my dear friends for their kind
cooperation, advice and encouragement during the long and arduous task of
preparing this report and carrying out the project.
At last but not the least, who are always at the top of my heart, my
dear family members whose blessings, inspiration and encouragement have
resulted in the successful completion of this project.
DECLARATION FORM
I hereby declare that the Project work entitled, Standard Chartered Bank Saving Account
Comparison, Insurance and Mutual Fund submitted by me for the partial fulfillment of the Post
Graduate Program (PGP) to IILM Institute for Higher Education, is my own original work and
has not been submitted earlier either to IILM or to any other Institution for the fulfillment of
the requirement for any course of study. I also declare that no chapter of this manuscript in
whole or in part is lifted and incorporated in this report from any earlier / other work done by
me or others.
Place : Gurgaon
Signature of Student
Address: _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
PREFACE
India is a developing country and we all know that banking sector plays a very
important role. In development with the increasing use of banking and finance
in every field, new trends in their technology and modern use are being
evolved day to day to meet the requirements. In fact “BANKING” has become
the need of today.
The purpose of PROJECT REPORT is to expose the students in the market and
in the field of banking, finance and investments and to develop the ability in
the students to deal with all types of customers.
Learning is not possible in solitude and has to have the support and able
guidance of some people around us in various roles and capacities. The
satisfaction and euphoria that accompanies the successful completion of any
task would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it
possible because success is the epitome of hard work, undeterred missionary
zeal, fast determination, and consideration.
Contents
Overview of the Banking System..............................................................6
History of Standard Chartered................................................................16
Standard Chartered Bank in India...........................................................17
Saving account........................................................................................37
Saving Account in Standard Chartered Bank..........................................37
Comparison of various bank’s Service and Charges with Standard
Chartered Bank.......................................................................................41
Conclusion...............................................................................................53
Insurance................................................................................................54
Unit Linked Insurance Plan.....................................................................56
ULIP in Standard Chartered Bank...........................................................58
CONCLUSION ABOUT MARKET POTENTIAL OF ULIPS.............................62
Mutual funds...........................................................................................63
ULIP Vs. Mutual Funds............................................................................78
SWOT Analysis OF Standard Chartered Bank.........................................85
CONCLUSIONS.........................................................................................86
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCREASING MARKET SHARE OF STANDARD
CHARTERED BANK...................................................................................87
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ULIPS............................................................91
LIMITATIONS...........................................................................................93
REFRENCES..............................................................................................94
Until the 1950s, banking in India was carried on by a large number of banks,
many of them quite small. India is still primarily an agricultural country, with
an economic and social structure based largely on the village. The integration
of banking has been impeded by poor communications, by illiteracy, and by
the barriers of language and caste.
Modern banking in India is said to be developed during the British era. In the
first half of the 19th century, the British East India Company established three
banks – the Bank of Bengal in 1809, the Bank of Bombay in 1840 and the Bank
of Madras in 1843. But in the course of time these three banks were
amalgamated to a new bank called Imperial Bank and later it was taken over
by the State Bank of India in 1955. Allahabad Bank was the first fully Indian
owned bank. The Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935 followed by
other banks like Punjab National Bank, Bank of India, Canara Bank and Indian
Bank.
Central Bank
The Reserve Bank of India is the central Bank that is fully owned by the
Government. It is governed by a central board (headed by a Governor)
appointed by the Central Government. It issues guidelines for the functioning
of all banks operating within the country.
a. State Bank of India and its associate banks called the State Bank Group
b. 19 nationalized banks
c. Regional rural banks mainly sponsored by public sector banks
Co-operative Sector
The co-operative sector is very much useful for rural people. The co-operative
banking sector is divided into the following categories.
IFCI
IDBI
ICICI
IIBI
NABARD
Banking in India is so convenient and hassle free that one (individual, groups
or whatever the case may be) can easily process transactions as and when
required. The most common services offered by banks in India are as follow:
Money Transfer: Banks can transfer money from one corner of the globe
to the other by issuing demand drafts, money orders or cheques.
Credit and debit cards: Most banks offer credit cards to their customers
which can be used to purchase products and services, or borrow money.
Lockers: Most banks have safe deposit lockers which can be used by the
customers for storing valuables, like important documents or jewellery.
Non Resident Indians or NRIs can open accounts in almost all Indian banks.
The three types of accounts that NRIs can open are:
The central bank of the country is the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Reserve
Bank of India was nationalized in the year 1949. The body of the central bank
consists of the Governor and four Deputy Governors, one Government official
from the Ministry of Finance, ten nominated Directors by the Government to
give representation to important elements in the economic life of the country,
and four nominated Directors by the Central Government to represent the
four local Boards with the headquarters at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and New
Delhi. Local Boards consist of five members each Central Government
appointed for a term of four years to represent territorial and economic
interests and the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks. The need for
bank is:
The Reserve Bank of India performs all the important functions of a central
bank.
Bank of Issue
The Bank has the sole right to issue bank notes of all denominations. The
distribution of rupee notes and coins and small coins all over the country is
undertaken by it as agent of the Government. The Reserve Bank has a separate
Issue Department which is concerned with the issue of currency notes. The
Reserve Bank of India is required to maintain gold and foreign exchange
reserves of Ra. 200 crores, of which at least Rs. 115 crores should be in gold.
The system as it exists today is known as the minimum reserve system.
Banker to Government
Government and to carry out their exchange remittances and other banking
operations. It makes loans and advances to the States and local authorities
The Reserve Bank of India acts as the bankers' bank. According to the
provisions of the Banking Companies Act of 1949, every scheduled bank was
required to maintain with the Reserve Bank a cash balance equivalent to 5%
of its demand liabilities and 2 per cent of its time liabilities in India. By an
amendment of 1962, the distinction between demand and time liabilities was
abolished and banks have been asked to keep cash reserves equal to 8.25%
per cent of their aggregate deposit liabilities. The minimum cash
requirements can be changed by the Reserve Bank of India.
The scheduled banks can borrow from the Reserve Bank of India on the basis
of eligible securities or get financial accommodation in times of need or
stringency by rediscounting bills of exchange. Since commercial banks can
always expect the Reserve Bank of India to come to their help in times of
banking crisis the Reserve Bank becomes not only the banker's bank but also
the lender of the last resort.
Controller of Credit
The Reserve Bank of India is the controller of credit i.e. it has the power to
influence the volume of credit created by banks in India. It can do so through
changing the Bank rate or through open market operations. It can ask any
particular bank or the whole banking system not to lend to particular groups
or persons on the basis of certain types of securities.
The Reserve Bank of India is armed with many more powers to control the
Indian money market. Each scheduled bank must send a weekly return to the
Reserve Bank showing, in detail, its assets and liabilities. This power of the
Bank to call for information is also intended to give it effective control of the
credit system. The Reserve Bank has also the power to inspect the accounts of
any commercial bank.
(d) It acts as the lender of the last resort by providing rediscount facilities to
scheduled banks.
Supervisory functions
In addition to its traditional central banking functions, the Reserve bank has
certain non-monetary functions of the nature of supervision of banks and
promotion of sound banking in India. RBI has wide powers of supervision and
control over commercial and co-operative banks, relating to licensing and
establishments, branch expansion, liquidity of their assets, management and
methods of working, amalgamation, reconstruction, and liquidation. The RBI
is authorised to carry out periodical inspections of the banks and to call for
returns and necessary information from them. The supervisory functions of
the RBI have helped a great deal in improving the standard of banking in India
to develop on sound lines and to improve the methods of their operation
Promotional functions
The Standard Chartered Group was formed in 1969 through a merger of two
banks: The Standard Bank of British South Africa founded in 1863, and the
Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China, founded in 1853.
The Standard Bank was founded in the Cape Province of South Africa in 1862
by John Paterson. Commenced business in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, in
January 1863.
The Chartered Bank was founded by James Wilson following the grant of a
Royal Charter by Queen Victoria in 1853.Chartered opened its first branches
in Mumbai (Bombay), Calcutta and Shanghai in 1858, followed by Hong Kong
and Singapore in 1859.
In 1986 a hostile takeover bid was made for the Group by Lloyds Bank of the
United Kingdom. When the bid was defeated, Standard Chartered entered a
period of change. Provisions had to be made against third world debt
exposure and loans to corporations and entrepreneurs who could not meet
their commitments. Standard Chartered began a series of divestments notably
in the United States and South Africa, and also entered into a number of asset
sales.
Since the early 90s, Standard Chartered has focused on developing its strong
franchises in Asia, the Middle East and Africa, using its operations in the
United Kingdom and North America to provide customers with a bridge
between these markets. Bank also focused on consumer, corporate and
institutional banking, as well as the provision of treasury services – areas in
which the Group has particular strength and expertise.
In the new millennium we acquired Grindlays Bank from the ANZ Group and
the Chase Consumer Banking operations in Hong Kong in 2000.
At the heart of our values lie diversity and inclusion. They are a
fundamental part of our culture, and constitute a long-term priority in
our aim to become the world's best international bank.
Strategic intent
Brand promise
Values
Responsive
Trustworthy
International
Creative
Courageous
Approach
Commitment to stakeholders
Customers
Our People
Communities
Investors
Regulators
Personal Banking:-
Through our global network of over 1,700 branches and outlets, we offer
personal financial solutions to meet the needs of more than 14 million
customers across Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
Private Banking:-
Wholesale Banking:-
SME Banking:-
SME Banking division offers a wide range of products and services to help
small and medium-sized enterprises manage the demands of a growing
business.
Term Loan
Express Trade
Trade Services & Working Capital
Business Installment Loan
International Trade Account
Loan/Overdraft Against Property
Islamic Banking:-
Online Banking:-
Mobile Banking:-
Standard Chartered Bank offer mobile banking to access your bank account
anytime and from anywhere in the world.
Actually my survey has done in Metro city where only 4 types of saving
account runs. “No frills” and “aaSaan account” are not for Metro cities.
2005 and 2006 were historic years as Bank achieved several milestones with
a number of strategic alliances and acquisitions that will extend our customer
or geographic reach and broaden our product range.
Standard Chartered PLC is listed on both the London Stock Exchange and the
Hong Kong Stock Exchange and is consistently ranked in the top 25 among
FTSE-100 companies by market capitalization.
Standard Chartered has a history of over 150 years in banking and operates in
many of the world's fastest-growing markets with an extensive global
network of over 1,400 branches (including subsidiaries, associates and joint
ventures) in over 50 countries in the Asia Pacific Region, South Asia, the
Middle East, Africa, the United Kingdom and the Americas.
Standard Chartered derives over 90 per cent of profits from Asia, Africa and
the Middle East. Serving both Consumer and Wholesale Banking customers
worldwide, the Bank combines deep local knowledge with global capability to
offer a wide range of innovative products and services as well as award-
winning solutions.
Trusted across its network for its standard of governance and corporate
responsibility, Standard Chartered takes a long term view of the consequences
of its actions to ensure that the Bank builds a sustainable business through
social inclusion, environmental protection and good governance.
They are:
Tackling financial crime – making sure that we have the right systems
in place to detect such things as fraud and money laundering and
exceed, rather than simply meet, increasingly stringent legal
requirements in this field
Great place to work – making sure that with our people, who represent
over 100 nationalities from over 50 countries, feel valued, included and
engaged. We're determined to attract, develop and retain the best
people and to leverage the strength the diversity of our people brings,
which is an incomparable advantage
Governance
The Corporate Responsibility and Community Committee sit at the top of this
structure alongside the Remuneration, Audit and Risk, and Nomination
Committees of our Board. It is supported by a Group Sustainability team,
steering groups for specific programmes and our branches and offices in each
country we operate in.
The Committee is chaired by Mervyn Davies, the Group Chairman, and meets
quarterly. It drives the Sustainability agenda at Standard Chartered and is
responsible for responding to issues coming out of new Sustainability
legislation, regulation, stakeholder guidance and reporting and for making
sure our activities are aligned with our overall business strategy. It also
ensures we publish a Sustainability report, supported by accurate data, each
year, in line with best practice.
Nine Steering Groups or Committees put the Bank's strategy into action, co-
ordinate Group-wide initiatives and provide policy recommendations to the
Board, its various committees or the Corporate Responsibility and Community
Committee. They are:
Diversity Council
Because our business is spread across the globe in very different market
places, each Country Head is responsible for identifying and responding to
local Sustainability issues. It is the responsibility of each business unit to
adhere to policies that have been set on a global basis. Where local standards
exceed group set policies, the higher standard is adopted.
Engagement
Our Business
Our Strengths
acquisition and asset management in the distressed and high yield market.
Our local market knowledge and workout skills offer value to our clients.
Saving account
The Standard Chartered aXcess Plus Account comes with a globally valid debit
- cum - ATM card which allows customers to aXcess all Standard Chartered
Bank ATMs and provides instant cash at all Visa Network ATMs in India and
abroad. This account provides unparalleled access to your money through a
variety of channels.
Highlights:-
Category Regular
Minimum AQB Rs. 60,000 if balance in linked saving
a/c is atleast Rs 10,000
Interest Rate 3.5%
Card offered ATM cum Debit Card
ATM Cards
Replacement of Pin Rs 50
Lost card re-issuance Rs 100
Some features:-
The unique SuperValue savings account from Standard Chartered is proof that
the best things in life come free. With an average quarterly balance of just Rs.
50,000, you get a host of services from Standard Chartered absolutely free.
Some features:-
This family account allows you to maintain your individual identity while
allowing you to tap your family's financial strength. Parivaar is a unique
Wealth Management Solution from Standard Chartered Bank that offers your
family flexibility, convenience and essential tools for wealth accumulation and
preservation.
Some features:-
Your family can maintain individual savings accounts with the benefit of
clubbing balances in grouped accounts.
The 2-in-1 account gives you the facility of linking your fixed deposits with a
savings or current account. In case of any shortfall in the savings or current
account, funds will be automatically swept in from the linked fixed deposits,
thus giving you a combination of both liquidity and higher returns.
And that’s not all either. In case you need to withdraw amounts in excess of
what is available in your savings or current account, we will break your
deposit for the exact amount you require. The rest of the deposit continues
earning the original high interest.
Some features:-
Standard
S.no Features Chartered Yes Bank Barclays HDFC
1 Avg.Quaterly Bal. 25,000 25,000 1,000 20,000
2 Rate of Interest 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% 3.50%
25(Per
3 Internet Banking Free Free month) Free
4 Doorstep Banking Free Free Free
5 Phone Banking Free Free 100 50
5 DDs in Yes
Bank Location
Free DD
&
up to 1
2 DDs in Lac Rs
Correspondin Per day
g bank in Bank
7 DDs n payorders Free Location --- Location
Quarterly
9 Statement Free Free Free Free
10 Monthly Statement Free Free Free Free
12 Pass Book Free Free Free
13 Duplicate Pass book 100
25 Txns PM
14 At Par Cheque Free Free 1 Lac PM 2 Lac PM
Gold
International Debit
Platinum International Card
15 Debit card Debit Car Silver Debit Card
1% Cash
1 % Cash back on
Back on all Shopping
17 Cash Back Txns --- --- Txns
2 Lacs ATM 50,000 1 Lac
& 2 lakh ATM & ATM & !
Debit Card Txns Shopping 50,000 Lac
21 Limit 25 Shopping Shopping
22 Account closure 500 50 500 100
23 Stop Payment
(a) Single cheque 100 100 100 50
(b) range of
cheques 200 100 100 100
16.1 Objective:-
To know the customers interests in saving account
To know the present scenario of saving account
To know what’s the service facility customer want.
To know the how much customers want to more facilities in using bank
account
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45 | P a g e
The second phase consisted of analyzing the primary data. The analysis
consisted of graphs and inferring results or trends from those graphs. Some
general conclusions could be drawn from the primary data.
Survey Analysis
1. Male Vs Female
Female
Percentage
No. of People
Male
In this survey total 60 persons participated. Out of 60, 54 are male and 6 are
female. If we take the people age group wise then 20-30(44%), 30-40(28%),
40-50(23%) and 50-60(5%). This shows that younger generation more attract
towards privatisation means private sector.
Others
Businessman
Percentage
Private No. of People
Government
Here we easily see that the 55% people are businessman and 40% are from
private jobs. And in income group 37% people are from income group 4.5 -5.5
lakh and the 30% are 3.5-4.5 lakh. So conclusion that here the majority of
businessman and private job person are interested in saving account.
No. of People
Standard
Chartered; 1
Other; 13
HDFC; 13
ABN-AMRO; 2
ICICI; 31
Here we find that the market potential of HDFC Bank is high because out of 60
people 31(51%) peoples have HDFC Saving Account. HDFC & Other are
equivalent. Where Standard chartered Bank has only 7.8% people.
42%
ATM Network
Service
24/7 Internet Banking
Others
8%
23%
12%
24%
Service
29%
ATM Network
Service
24/7 Internet Banking
Others
As far as the using features are concerned the people are more aggressive
towards the ATM Network then after they said about the Service and after the
service they looking for other. Other included new era service like Doorstep
Banking, Mobile Banking, and Online Banking. In survey I found that a person
usage ATM thrice and more times in a week. Its shows that how people
devoted about ATM Network and also for other
Services like Mobile banking, Doorstep Banking, Online Banking and etc.
Others
Services
Percentage
The overall analysis said that feature which people like in using bank is ATM
Network and after that other services like Door Banking, Internet Banking,
Online Banking, Mobile Banking and etc. Every person wants to each thing at
his Door because nobody wants to expense time.
Here overall percentage of preferring bank (if people want to open a new
saving account) is HDFC, 39% and Standard Chartered is 25%. It show the
how people go for using new feature and better Service. In this also people
want to go for a brand name which Standard chartered bank has.
8% 23%
Yes Bnak
HDFC 18%
Barclays 36%
7%
Yes Bank HDFC
18% 36%
Here I find that the age group of 20-30 preferred Brand Name like Standard
Chartered Bank which is 39%. Except the age group 40-50 all are prefer SCB.
The Second position occupied by HDFC Bank. The reason of why people prefer
Standard Chartered Bank and HDFC bank more. I am discussing in next chart.
10
6
ATM Network
5 Service
24/7 Internet Banking
4 Others
3
0
SCB HDFC Yes Bank Barclays Others
In this competitive world people do not want waste his time. So he/she is
more conscious about time and money saving. I found that in the above chart
people pay more attention on banking core services in the other hand they
also want everything at his/her home. They also want to utilise new banking
services like mobile alert, fund transfer through mobile, online banking, and
doorstep banking etc.
Conclusion
We all are well know that how much time is precious for everyone. Everyone
do not want waste his/her time single minute. In this competitive era world
are globalised. Due to globalisation every person want to be fastest. Standard
Chartered Bank also want to be no. 1 through the offer more and more
services.
I found that the potential of saving account is more than current account. As
we know that a saving account can be sole name or joint name. So, most
probably people have a saving account. People like saving account because its
service are beneficiary and due to competition more services offered by the
banks.
I found that in my survey people more eager about banking service whatever
bank charges for services. As i already said that people have not much time.
Show they utilise latest service which provided by the banks. In mean while
people also go for the brand name because thay want to show their standard.
Last but not least I found that age group 20-30 & 30-40years people more
conscious about ATM Network, Banking Services and Brand name.
Insurance
Life is a roller coaster ride and is full of twists and turns. We cannot take
anything for granted in life. Insurance policies are a safeguard against the
uncertainties of life.
Insurance is system by which the losses suffered by a few are spread over
many, exposed to similar risks. Insurance is a protection against financial loss
arising on the happening of an unexpected event. Insurance policy helps in not
only mitigating risks but also provides a financial cushion against adverse
financial burdens suffered.
Insurance policies cover the risk of life as well as other assets and valuables
such as home, automobiles, jewelry et al. On the basis of the risk they cover,
insurance policies can be classified into two categories:
Endowment Policy
Home Insurance
Health Insurance
Motor Insurance
Travel Insurance
Unit linked insurance plan (ULIP) is life insurance solution that provides for
the benefits of protection and flexibility in investment. The investment is
denoted as units and is represented by the value that it has attained called as
Net Asset Value (NAV). The policy value at any time varies according to the
value of the underlying assets at the time.
Life protection
Investment and Savings
Flexibility
Adjustable Life Cover
Investment Options
Transparency
Options to take additional cover against
Death due to accident
Disability
Critical Illness
Surgeries
Liquidity
Tax planning
The costs in ULIP are higher because there is a life insurance component
in it as well, in addition to the investment component.
As in all insurance policies, the risk charge (mortality rate) varies with
age.
The maturity benefit is not typically a fixed amount and the maturity
period can be advanced or extended.
ULIP products are exempted from tax and they provide life insurance.
Standard Chartered offers a wide range of Life Insurance Products from Bajaj
Allianz Life Insurance Company, one of India's leading Insurance companies.
The flexible Unit linked life insurance plans at Standard Chartered bank
provides the opportunity to participate in market-linked returns while
enjoying the valuable benefits of life insurance
Bajaj Allianz is a joint venture between Allianz AG one of the world's largest
insurance companies, and Bajaj Auto, one of the biggest 2 and 3 wheeler
manufacturers in the world. Bajaj Allianz is into both life insurance and
general insurance.
Allianz Group is one of the world's leading insurers and financial services
providers. Founded in 1890 in Berlin, Allianz is now present in over 70
countries with almost 174,000 employees.
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61 | P a g e
Partial withdrawals any time after three years from the commencement
of policy provided three full years’ premiums are paid.
You have three simple terms to choose from – 15, 20 and 25 yrs.
Tax Save
The charges paid for UL Critical Illness and UL Hospital Cash Benefit are
eligible for tax benefits as per Section 80(D) of the Income Tax Act.
the additional rider benefit charges (if any) are deducted through monthly
cancellation of units. Fund Management Charge is priced in the unit value.
Parameter Details
Minimum Age at Entry 0 years, risk commences at age 7.
(18 years in case of all Additional Rider
Benefits
Maximum Age at Entry 60 years (50 years in case of all Additional
Rider Benefits)
Minimum Maturity Age 18 years
Maximum Maturity Age 75 years
Additional Rider Benefit 65 years for all riders except UL WOP
Ceasing Age
Minimum Premium Rs. 10,000 per yearly instalment,
(for Male lives) Rs. 5,000 per half-yearly instalment,
Rs. 1,000 per monthly mode
Minimum Top Up Premium is Rs. 5,000
Minimum Premium Rs. 7,500 per yearly instalment,
(for Female lives) Rs. 3,750 per half-yearly instalment,
Rs. 750 per monthly mode
Minimum Top Up Premium is Rs. 5,000.
(Monthly mode for both male and female
lives is available through ECS and Salary
Saving Scheme only).
Minimum Sum Assured 0.5 * Policy Term * Annualized Premium
Maximum Sum Assured Multiplier * Annualized Premium
(Multiplier would depend on the age at entry
and
any riders chosen)
5. Another important finding was that time horizon was one of the factors
of concern while investing in ULIP and as per the analysis of the
questionnaire we found that a large proportion of our sample was
convenient with the time period of 4-7 years and then others were in
favor of a period not beyond 3 years. This implies that very less number
of people were comfortable with long time horizons.
6. Another very interesting finding from our data is that when we talk
about risk as an investment criterion then the female population which
already has or is interested in investing would favor either no risk at all
or low risk and low gain. Whereas the customers’ businessmen by
occupation and specifically from age group 21- 30 would favor either
moderate risk and moderate gain or rather go for a high risk and high
gain strategy. This result came completely in line with our expectations.
7. Considering the market share of the leading players it was found that
LIC rules when it comes to an age group of 50 plus due to the credibility
and trust it has gained in all past years. Where the other age groups
prefer to explore the leading private players where in our sample
Standard Chartered (Bajaj Allianz) and ICICI prudential make a clean
sweep. Other banks like HDFC were found with a limited proportion
only according to our findings.
8. Our analysis shows that though the product has been able to cater to a
number of benefits but still a lot of brand awareness is lacking and LIC is
posing the biggest threat followed by SBI life to the private players.
Mutual funds
funds sector remained the sole fiefdom of UTI till 1987 when a slew of non-
UTI, public sector mutual funds were set up by nationalized banks and life
insurance companies.
The year 1993 saw sweeping changes being introduced in the mutual fund
industry with private sector fund houses making their debut and the laying
down of comprehensive mutual fund regulations. Over the years, the Indian
mutual funds industry has witnessed an exponential growth riding piggyback
on a booming economy and the arrival of a horde of international fund houses.
1987 marked the entry of non- UTI, public sector mutual funds set up by
public sector banks and Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and General
Insurance Corporation of India (GIC). SBI Mutual Fund was the first non- UTI
Mutual Fund established in June 1987 followed by Canbank Mutual Fund (Dec
87), Punjab National Bank Mutual Fund (Aug 89), Indian Bank Mutual Fund
(Nov 89), Bank of India (Jun 90), Bank of Baroda Mutual Fund (Oct 92). LIC
established its mutual fund in June 1989 while GIC had set up its mutual fund
in December 1990. At the end of 1993, the mutual fund industry had assets
under management of Rs.47,004 crores.
With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indian
mutual fund industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund
families. Also, 1993
was the year in which the first Mutual Fund Regulations came into being,
under which all mutual funds, except UTI were to be registered and governed.
The erstwhile Kothari Pioneer (now merged with Franklin Templeton) was
the first private sector
Mutual fund registered in July 1993. The 1993 SEBI (Mutual Fund)
Regulations were substituted by a more comprehensive and revised Mutual
Fund Regulations in 1996. The industry now functions under the SEBI (Mutual
Fund) Regulations 1996.
The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign
mutual funds setting up funds in India and also the industry has witnessed
several mergers and acquisitions. As at the end of January 2003, there were
33 mutual funds with total assets of Rs. 1,21,805 crores. The Unit Trust of
India with Rs.44,541 crores of assets under management was way ahead of
other mutual funds.
In February 2003, following the repeal of the Unit Trust of India Act 1963 UTI
was bifurcated into two separate entities. One is the Specified Undertaking of
the Unit Trust of India with assets under management of Rs.29,835 crores as
at the end of January 2003, representing broadly, the assets of US 64 scheme,
assured return and certain other schemes. The Specified Undertaking of Unit
Trust of India, functioning under an administrator and under the rules framed
by Government of India and does not come under the purview of the Mutual
Fund Regulations.
The second is the UTI Mutual Fund Ltd, sponsored by SBI, PNB, BOB and LIC.
It is registered with SEBI and functions under the Mutual Fund Regulations.
With the bifurcation of the erstwhile UTI which had in March 2000 more than
Rs.76,000 crores of assets under management and with the setting up of a UTI
Mutual Fund, conforming to the SEBI Mutual Fund Regulations, and with
recent mergers taking place among different private sector funds, the mutual
fund industry has entered its current phase of consolidation and growth. As at
the end of September, 2004, there were 29 funds, which manage assets of
Rs.153108 crores under 421 schemes.
Mutual Funds employ the services of skilled professionals who have years of
experience to back them up. They use intensive research techniques to
analyze each investment option for the potential of returns along with their
risk levels to come up with the figures for performance that determine the
suitability of any potential investment.
Returns in the mutual funds are generally better than any other option in any
other avenue over a reasonable period of time. People can pick their
investment horizon and stay put in the chosen fund for the duration. Equity
funds can outperform most other investments over long periods by placing
long-term calls on fundamentally good stocks. The debt funds too will
outperform other options such as banks. Though they are affected by the
interest rate risk in general, the returns generated are more as they pick
securities with different duration that have different yields and so are able to
increase the overall returns from the portfolio.
9.3 Liquidity
Unlike the company fixed deposits, where there is little control with the
investment being considered as unsecured debt from the legal point of view,
the Mutual Fund industry is very well regulated. All investments have to be
accounted for, decisions judiciously taken. SEBI acts as a true watchdog in this
case and can impose penalties on the AMCs at fault. The regulations, designed
to protect the investors’ interests are also implemented effectively.
9.5 Transparency
Mutual Funds offer a relatively less expensive way to invest when compared
to other avenues such as capital market operations. The fee in terms of
brokerages, custodial fees and other management fees are substantially lower
than other options and are directly linked to the performance of the scheme.
Investment in mutual funds also offers a lot of flexibility with features such as
regular investment plans, regular withdrawal plans and dividend
reinvestment plans enabling systematic investment or withdrawal of funds.
Even the investors, who could otherwise not enter stock markets with low
investible funds, can benefit from a portfolio comprising of high-priced stocks
because they are purchased from pooled funds.
9.6 Charges
The Asset Management Companies (AMCs) managing the Mutual Funds levy a
load as a percentage of NAV at the time of entry into the Schemes or at the
time of exiting from the Schemes.
Entry Load - It is the load charged by the fund when an investor invests
into the fund. It increases the price of the units to more than the NAV
and is expressed as a percentage of NAV.
Exit Load - It is the load charged by the fund when an investor redeems
the units from the fund. It reduces the price of the units to less than the
NAV and is expressed as a percentage of NAV.
Cost of Churning/Turnover cost - It refers to the costs associated with
the churning (or changes made to the holdings) of the portfolio.
Portfolio changes have associated costs of brokerage, custody fees,
transaction fees and registration fees, which lower the returns. The
quantum depends on the management style of the fund manager.
Expense Ratio - The Expenses of a mutual fund include management
fees and all the fees associated with the fund's daily operations. Expense
Ratio refers to the annual percentage of fund's assets that is paid out in
expenses.
9.7 Tax
depending on the period of holding of the asset and are charged to tax at
different rates. Gains on mutual fund units held for a period of 12
months or more are long-term gains. These gains are taxable.
Dividend Distribution Tax – The Mutual Fund schemes distributing
dividends on their units to the investors attract a distribution tax as per
tax laws.
Securities Transaction Tax – AMCs managing the portfolio have to pay
STT on transaction (buying/selling) of different securities in the stock
market. Presently the tax rate is 0.025%.
Mutual Fund industry today, with about 34 players and more than five
hundred schemes, is one of the most preferred investment avenues in India.
However, with a plethora of schemes to choose from, the retail investor faces
problems in selecting funds. Factors such as investment strategy and
management style are qualitative, but the funds record is an important
indicator too. Though past performance alone cannot be indicative of future
performance, it is the only quantitative way to judge how good a fund is at
present. Therefore, there is a need to correctly assess the past performance of
different mutual funds. Quite simply then a fund generating more returns than
the other is considered better than the other. But this is just half the story.
The only caveat whilst using any risk-adjusted performance is the fact that
their clairvoyance is decided by the past. Each of these measures uses past
performance data and to that extent are not accurate indicators of the future.
No Guarantee - When the entire stock market goes down, the Mutual
Fund shares will also go down even if the portfolio is balanced though
the risk is low
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Open-end fund
Exchange-traded funds
Equity funds
o Capitalization
o Growth vs. value
o Index funds versus active management
Bond funds
Money market funds
Funds of funds
Hedge funds
Critics point out that high sales commission can sometimes represent a
conflict of interest, as high commissions benefit the sales people but
hurt the investors. Although in reality, "A shares", which appear to have
the highest up front load, (around 5%) are the "cheapest" for the
investor, if the investor is planning on 1) keeping the fund for more than
5 years, 2) investing more than 100,000 in one fund family, which likely
will qualify them for "breakpoints", which is a form of discount, or 3)
staying with that "fund family" for more than 5 years, but switching
"funds" within the same fund company
some funds illegally are gulity of market timing and that some fund
managers, also illegal, accept extravagant gifts in exchange for trading
stocks through certain investment banks, which presumably charge the
fund more for transactions than would non-gifting investment bank.
This practice, although done, is completely illegal.
The various factors where the ULIPs and Mutual Funds differ are as follows:
With these comparable there are certain factors where in these two differ.
Mutual funds are essentially short to medium term products. The liquidity
that these products offer is valuable for investors. ULIPs, in contrast, are
positioned as long-term products and going ahead, there will be separate
playing fields for ULIPS and MFs, with the product differentiation between
them becoming more pronounced. ULIPs do not seek to replace mutual funds,
they offer protection against the risk of dying too early, and also help people
save for retirement. Insurance has to be an integral part of one's wealth
management portfolio. Further, exposure of Indian households to capital
markets is limited.
2. Taxation
Since 1991 tax system in India has under gone a radical change, in line with
liberal economic policy and WTO commitments of the country. Some of the
changes are:
The fifth consecutive budget presented by the FM, Mr. P. Chidambaram ,was
also a dream one for the salaried class……..With the higher tax limits on the
income tax slabs ,the increased basic exemption limit for senior citizens
z,women and individuals in general, etc. the budget gives much relief to the
middle class as it aims at reducing their overall tax liability by a good
measure. Here we can take a look at the direct tax proposals and the impact
they will have on our finances.
The exemption limit for personal income tax has been enhanced to Rs. 1.80
lakh from the present Rs. 1.45 lakh for women (below the age of 65 years),Rs.
2.25 lakh from the present Rs.1.95 lakh for senior citizens and Rs.1.5 lakh
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from the present Rs.1.1 lakh for others. The revised tax slabs are as tabulated
on the next page.
The revision of the income slabs and the applicable rates of tax will result in
substantial savings for individuals across all income ranges. The following
table gives a comparative analysis of the post budget savings that will accrue:
After a glimpse at the above tables we can conclude that there is immense
saving potential for individual tax payers across all categories. The reduction
in tax liabilities aims at making lives easier for the middle class. It also tries to
enhance their purchasing power and, in the process gives impetus to demand
and growth of the industry
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Strong Brand Image Rigid Eligibility Criteria
Dedicated sales team Weak Customer
Value added services. Relations Management
Centralized Structure
High Average Quarterly
Balance
Limited number of ATM’s
and Branches. Poor
network.
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
Presence of very strong
competitors.
Large Untapped Market.
Aggressive marketing by
Distinguishable product (like
competitors.
Parivar Account).
Various investment Schemes
with high returns.
Conclusion
Competitor’s Analysis
1. Almost all the Banks offer similar features and facilities with their
Savings accounts, therefore for existing customers of Savings Account of
any Bank to shift to another Bank; this is very rarely the criteria or
reason.
Aggressive Marketing is the key to increasing the market share in this area,
since the market has a lot of potential both in terms of untapped market
1. The bank should try to improve the ATM Services, as it is one of the
major reasons for dissatisfaction among the customers as majority of
those who were dissatisfied where on account of non-availability of
cash in ATM,s and limited number of ATM’s.
2. The bank should also target the females for its saving Account especially
parivar accounts.
3. The bank should increase the number of ATM’s in the country as people
feel that the bank has very few ATM’s in the country.
4. The bank needs to make people aware about these products and the
basic benefits they can derive out of it. And also the differential features
of its savings account as compared to other banks.70% of the people did
not even know about the concept, benefits and features of its saving
accounts.
5. Also it was found in our analysis that the customers don’t really mind
keeping a high balance in their savings account and the bank should tap
this fact by keeping a higher AQB and reduce the charges of different
services which customers have a problem paying for. Only around 10%
of the customers considered it to be an important issue for deciding on
their banking preferences.
6. It was also found in our analysis that ATM is the most preferred
method of banking of most customers and the preference for credit
cards is low thus the bank should use this fact by giving free ATM cards
with its savings account instead of the not used credit card which
customers consider to be unwanted. More than 50% of the customers
banked through the ATM’s.
7. The bank should target individuals in the age group of 25+ for whom
maintenance of the AQB is not a problem and further increase the
number of free inter bank ATM transactions from 4 to 6 as the
customer rate this highly important a factor while opening a savings
account.
10. One very shocking result which has come out of our analysis is
that as the income of the customer rises his preference for our bank
falls, which is contrary to the bank’s objective thus the bank needs to
check on this result and work on factors responsible for the same which
could range from lack of concern shown by the bank to the fact that
people do not like the breech of privacy which private banks do my
making calls for other products of the bank on repetitive basis. Thus the
bank needs to respect this right of the customer and not make
unsolicited calls to them and also remember that they can no longer
survive by taking customers for a ride.
11. Though the bank offers free doorstep banking once a day this
fact is also not known to many customers or they still do not trust this
service what ever the reason the bank can popularize this service to
gain an edge over nationalized banks.
12. One complain which really came up during the course of our
market research was that most of the customers felt that the sales
agents who approach them on behalf of the bank our not qualified
enough to perform the task for this esteemed bank and thus we
recommend that college students or fresh graduates from reputed
colleges can be hired on part time basis for this job.
13. Our market research shows that women are a big target for the
bank as not only is there role in influencing investment decision in the
family increasing also there own potential has increased as a lot of them
are working these days. Also it has been seen that business men prefer
to open the savings account is his spouse’s name with the business
account in his name. The bank needs to capitalize on this by offering
schemes which are women friendly and also directing the
promotion towards them.
Limitations
Some of the limitations of the project are listed as below:
3. It was difficult to break the ice with the common people initially. It was
a daunting task to convince them to fill in the personal details of the
questionnaire where they have to mention the monthly income,
occupation etc.
References
Books:
Websites:
www.standardchartered.in
www.hoovers.com
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/07/04/stories/2005070
401261200.htm
www.wikipedia.org
www.mouthshut.com
www.financeindiamart.com
www.howstuffworks.com
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www.standardchartered.com
www.google.com
www.yesbank.com
www.hdfcbank.com
www.barclays.com
Personnel: