Manufacturing Process

of
Ceramic Tiles
One of the largest groups of materials with
the properties of nonmetals and all are
made by firing or burning, often including
silicates and metal oxides.

Cheap in terms of its starting materials. Floor Tiles

Compared to metals, lightweight and retain

their strength up to 1000C where metals
tends to fail.

They have electrical, optical, and magnetic

properties of value in the computer and Ceiling Tile
electronic industries.

Tiles are generally manufactured using

ceramic or stone.

Wall Tile
 Ball
Raw Weighing
Milling
material

Powder Spray
Vibrating
Storage Dryer Screen
(SILO) and
HomoTank

Dry
Horizontal
Pressing Glazing
Dryer

Silk Screen
Roller Heart Kiln Printing
 The traditional ceramics
Talc
industry is largely based on
various combinations of clay
minerals, feldspar and silica. Talc

The mineral raw materials used

in the ceramic industry are
mainly inorganic, nonmetallic,
crystalline solids formed by
complex geologic processes. Sili
Silica
Clays have the ability to form
clay-water composition and to
maintain their shape and
strength during drying and firing

Clay
 Raw Materials

Continuous Ball Mill

Service Tanks

Slip Tank

Spray Drier
 The mixing of raw materials takes place with the help of
alumina pebbles.

This ball mill continuously rotates.

This rotation helps the pebbles to grind the raw

materials.

The grinded raw materials are mixed with water to

obtain slurry

Slurry Continuous ball

 This service tank rotates continuously
so that it wont allow highly viscous
slurry to set.

In the vibration chamber filtration of

sand and stone takes place with the
help of huge vibrators.

The slurry free from sand and stone

enters into slip tank

The slurry in the slip tank is continuously

rotated in order to prevent setting of slurry as it
is highly viscous.
 Powder Storage
Powder storage silos Silos
- The powder prepared after spray drying is stored in
large tanks called silos.
Powder Feeding
Powder distribution hopper Conveyors
- Here upon requirement the dimension of mould is
set
Powder Distribution
Pressing Hopper
- In the press, the powder is pressed into the compact
brittle tiles which contains 6% moisture
Pressing
Tile ejection
- After pressing the tile is ejected from the die with the
help of hydraulic pistons
Tile Ejection

Roller conveyor turner

- The tiles are inverted in order to remove the dust
Roller Conveyor
on the upper surface of the tile Turner
HYDRAULIC PRESS
The powder is loaded from the silos
into the press.

The ram employs a forward and

backward stroke mechanism to load
powder into the mould.

The powder is pressed into the dies

for compaction.

The pressing of powder is done by the

hydraulic circuit which is in turn
controlled by the pumps.

The oil in the press cylinder is

changed after every 1500 hrs
 Brushing

Air Blower

Coolers

Glaze
Application

Printing
Glaze line
Kiln Layout
 Tiles are generally used for covering roofs, floors, walls and ceilings.
They are commonly made of ceramic or stone.
Major Part of the manufacturing process involves powder metallurgy.
The raw materials are mixed in correct proportion and sent to ball mill
for slurry preparation.
The slurry is then passed to spray drier for making into fine powder.
This powder is compacted in a hydraulic press of required dimensions.
The primary tile is glazed and printed, and sent to a kiln for an
increase in strength.
The final tile is sent for auto sorting and packaging and then for
dispatch.