Technical Report 3 Marafi N

LateralSystemAnalysisand
ConfirmationDesign
St.JosephHospitalofOrangePatientCare
Center&FacilityServiceBuilding

NasserMarafi

2007
December3rd
STRUCTURALOPTION
ProfessorAndresLepage
TechnicalReport3

LateralSystemAnalysisandConfirmationDesign
St.JosephHospitalofOrangePatientCareCenter&FacilityServiceBuilding
NasserMarafi
ExecutiveSummary
Thefollowingreportanalyzesthemainlateralforceresistingsystemanddeterminesthe
controllinglateralforceswhichareseismicinthiscase.TheanalysiswasdoneinETABSandwas
alsocheckedusinghandcalculationstoensureaccuracyofthecomputermodel.Whencheckingthe
serviceabilityandstrengthcapacityofthestructuralmembers,wefindthatallcriteriaaremet
accordingtoASCE705code.Thisreportalsoconcludesthatthestructureismorerigidthan
expectedbyASCE705andisjustifiedaccordingly.Pleaserefertoappendixforcalculations,and
anyadditionalcomputeroutputandhandcalculationsareavailableuponrequest.
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TableofContents
ExecutiveSummary................................................................................................................................................................2
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................................5
StructuralSystems..................................................................................................................................................................6
LateralResistingSystem..................................................................................................................................................6
Foundationsystem...........................................................................................................................................................10
Identificationofotherstructuralelements............................................................................................................10
CodesandMaterialProperties.........................................................................................................................................11
CodesandReferencedStandards...............................................................................................................................11
MaterialStrengthRequirements................................................................................................................................11
BuildingLoads........................................................................................................................................................................12
LiveLoads............................................................................................................................................................................12
DeadLoads..........................................................................................................................................................................12
WindLoads..........................................................................................................................................................................13
WindLoadCriteria...........................................................................................................................................................13
WindPressures.............................................................................................................................................................14
ForceduetoWind.......................................................................................................................................................14
ShearDuetoWind.......................................................................................................................................................15
OverTurningMomentduetoWindPressure..................................................................................................15
SeismicLoads.....................................................................................................................................................................16
SeismicLoadCriteria..................................................................................................................................................16
BuildingWeightandMass........................................................................................................................................17
DistributionofSeismicLoads.................................................................................................................................17
LoadCombinations``.................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................18
LateralAnalysis......................................................................................................................................................................20
Torsion..................................................................................................................................................................................21
InherentTorsion..........................................................................................................................................................21
AccidentalTorsion.......................................................................................................................................................21
StoryDrift............................................................................................................................................................................23
ModalPeriod.......................................................................................................................................................................24
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SpotChecksofframingelements...............................................................................................................................25
OverturningMoment.......................................................................................................................................................28
Conclusion................................................................................................................................................................................29
Appendix...................................................................................................................................................................................30
DeadloadCalculations...................................................................................................................................................30
WindCalculations.............................................................................................................................................................31
SeismicCalculations........................................................................................................................................................33
BuildingWeightCalculations..................................................................................................................................35
ETABSModeling................................................................................................................................................................37
RelativeStiffnessCalculations................................................................................................................................37
CenterofRigidityCalculations...............................................................................................................................38
CenterofMassCalculations.....................................................................................................................................38
ComparisonwithETABSoutput............................................................................................................................38
AssignedBuildingMass.............................................................................................................................................39
SteelFrameMemberSpotChecking....................................................................................................................40
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Introduction
St.JosephHospitalofOrangePatientCareCenter&FacilityServiceBuildingistobebuiltwithin
SaintJosephHospitalCampusservingthehealthcareneedsoftheOrangecountycommunityin
Orange,CA.ThePatientCareCenterislinkedtothemainhospitalthroughanundergroundtunnel
andthroughalobbytofurtherservethepatientsneeds.Thebuildingconsistsoffourstorieswith
basementthatgives252,712squarefootofadditionalhospitalspace.Thebuildingsis
approximately2850by1980onLevel1and2andthenthefloorplanisreducedto2400by
1980onLevel3,4andtheroof.
Themainentrancetothelobbyisconnectedtotheadjacenthospitalreceptionarea.ThePatient
CareCenterconsistsofoperatingroomstoexpandthesurgicalcapacityofthemainhospital.
Operatingroomsareequippedwithlatestinnovativetechnologyandmedicalequipment.Tohelp
furtherservethemainhospital,thePatientCareCenteralsohasadditionalroomforincoming
patientsandroomsforpatientsrequiringintensivecare.
ThePatientCareCenterhasacentralsterileplantlocatedonthebasementlevelwithMEP
equipment.Thefirstlevelofthehospitalconsistsofsurgicalrooms,administrativeroomsandthe
lobby.Theupperfloorsareseparatedbythecentralcourtyardlocatedonlevel2.Thewestside
consistsofpatientroomsandtheeastsideconsistsofintensivecareunits.Theremaining
mechanicalequipmentislocatedontherooflevel.

Figure1.ComputerrenderingofPatientCareCentersNorthelevation.
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StructuralSystems
LateralResistingSystem
Thelateralsystemconsistsof6setsofbracedframeslocatedbothalongtheNSandEWplanes.It
rangesfrom2baystoaslongas6baysframingverticallytotheroofofthestructure.Thesebraces
aresupportedbyshearwallsatbasementlevel.ThebracedframesaretypicallyXbracingwhilea
wholesetrunningEWisdiagonallybraced.Bothconfigurationsareconsideredconcentrically
bracedframes.XBracedframesareaTSshapedwithagussetplateslippedinandwelded.The
gussetplateisthenweldedontothecolumnandbeam,allowingthebracetobuckleoutofplaneto
dissipateenergyattimeofanearthquake.WhilediagonallybracedmemberconsistsofaWShape
sectionwhichhasitswebandflangesweldedtoaplatewhichareallthenweldedontothegusset
plate.Theplatesattachedtotheflangeareslippedinthegussetplateandwelded.Thefollowing
twofiguresrepresentaconnectiondetailtothebracedframes.

Fig3.DiagonalBraceConnectionDetail.

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Fig4.XBraceConnectionDetail

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Thefollowingfigurerepresentsthelateralsystemlabeledonlevel1.Thelateralsystemconsistsof
concentricallybracedframes.Thereare6groupsofbracedframesaltogether,andtwotypes,one
consistsofdiagonalbracingwhiletheothersareallXbracedframes.

Fig5.1stFloorplanlabelingallbracedframes

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Consistofdiagonalmembers,memberssizesrangefromW14x90onlevel4,toW14x211onlevel
1.Bracedframesaresupportedbyshearwallslocatedonthebasementfloorandtiedintoa50
continuousfooting.TheentirebraceframeforBF1andBF2is1500wide.

Fig6.BF1BracedFrameElevation
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BF3XBracedMembers
ConsistofXbracedmembers;membersareusuallysteeltubes.TherearetwoW14x145runningas
diagonalmembersoneachendbayonlevel1.AllbracedframesbutBF6aresupportedbyshear
wallslocatedonthebasementfloorandtiedintoa50continuousfooting.BF6issupportedbya
50continuousfootinglocatedatlevel1.TheentirebracedframeforBF3,BF4,BF5,andBF6is
900wide.

Foundationsystem
Gravitycolumnsatthebasementlevelaresupportedbyconcretefootings.Thesefootingsrange
depthfrom16to36andtheirsizerangesfrom20x20to160x160.Whiletheshear
wallsaresupportedbycontinuousdeepfootingstypically50deepand70widefromeachface
ofthewall.Themajorityofthefoundationisconsideredshallowasadvisedbythegeotechnical
engineer.Whilethemainentrancecanopyissupportedbypilescapseachconnectedto4piles.
Identificationofotherstructuralelements
Thereareseveralareasinthebuildingthatwerenotdiscussedindepthinthisreport.These
includetheundergroundtunnelconnectingtotheadjacenthospital,thecanopyatthebuildings
mainentrance.Otherstructuralelementslikecheckingthebracedsystemconnectionsandthe
foundationsystemwherenotdiscussedinthisreportbutwillbeanalyzedandjustifiedinlater
reports.
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CodesandMaterialProperties
CodesandReferencedStandards
Thefollowingtableshowsthecodesthatwereadoptedinthisreportandcodesthatwere
implementedbythedesigner.
Codesadoptedbythisreport Codesadoptedbythedesigner
2007CaliforniaBuildingCode Title24,Part12001CaliforniaBuildingCode
ASCE705 1997UniformBuildingCodewithCalifornia
amendments
ACI31805
13thEditionoftheAISCManualofSteel
Construction
MaterialStrengthRequirements
Theserequirementscorrespondtothegeneralstructuralnotesontheplans.
Concrete Strength Density
Footings 4000psi 150pcf
BasementWalls 4000psi 150pcf
CompositeConcreteLightWeight 3000psi 110pcf
CompositeConcreteNormalWeight 4000psi 150pcf
SlabonGrade 4000psi 150pcf
DrilledConcretePiles 4000psi 150pcf
Reinforcing(Steel) ASTM706Grade60
SteelDeck I(in4) S(in3)

3x18GADeck 1.203 .767

StructuralSteel ASTM Fu(ksi) Fy(ksi)
WideFlangeShapes(WFShapes,W14andlarger) A992 65 50
WFShapes,W12x14,W10x12,W8x12andsmaller A992 65 50
Plates A572,Gr50 65 50
ConnectionPlates A36 58 36
PipeColumns A53GradeB 80 40
TubeSections A500GradeB 58 40
Bolts A325N,A490SC Fnt=90 Fnu=48
BoltsinConcrete A307,A3548C Fnt=45 Fnu=24
Angles,ChannelandWTShapes A36 58 36

Foundation
AllowableBearing(GravityLoads) 4000psf(BasementFootings)
2500psf(GroundFloorFootings)
EquivalentFluidPressure 30pcf(unrestrainedwalls)
23pcf(unrestrainedwalls)
PassiveEarthPressure 300pcf
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BuildingLoads
LiveLoads
LiveloadsaredeterminedinaccordancewithASCE705.
Occupancy Designers 2007CBC
UniformLiveload(psf) UniformLiveloads(psf)
Roof 20 20
PatientRooms 801 40
OperatingRooms,Laboratories 801 60
Corridors 801 100
Storage 120 125
ComputerRooms 100 100
ElevatorMachinesRooms 1251
PublicAreas,Assemblies 100 100
MechanicalRooms 1501 50
RoofGardens 100 100
Office 801 50
1Designersvalueusedforsimplicityreasons.
DeadLoads
RefertoAppendixfordeadloadcalculations.MaterialweightsaretakenfromtheASCE705
ChapterC3.
LVL1 LVL2 LVL3 LVL4 ROOF
ConcreteTopping 75 44 44 44 94
SteelDeck(18Gage) 3 3 3 3 3
SuperImposed 12 12 12 12 25
Partitions 20 20 20 20
TotalDeadLoad 110 79 79 79 122
*Unitsinpoundspersquarefoot
Level2Courtyard PAVER PLANTERW/TREES PLANTER

ConcreteTopping 94 94 94
SteelDeck(18Gage) 3 3 3
SuperImposed 22 552 342
Topping 80
TotalDeadLoad 200 649 439
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WindLoads
WindLoadCriteria
BelowisalistofassumptionmadefordeterminingwindloadcalculationsbasedonASCE705.
Refertoappendixforcalculations.
WindLoadCalculation
LocalityFactorsandBuildingDescription
BasicWindSpeed V 85 h 75 Bldg.Height
winddirectionalityfactor Kd 0.85 NS
ImportanceFactor I 1.15 B 285
WindwardWall Cp 0.8 L 210
LeewardWall Cp 0.5 h/L 0.3571
SideWall Cp 0.7 EW
TopographicFactor Kzt 1 B 210
Period T 0.47 L 285
Internalpressurecoeff. GCpi 0.18 h/L 0.2632
BHoriz.Dim.normaltowinddir.
LParallelDim.normaltowinddir.
Thetablesbelowsummarizethepressures,loadsandshearsfromthewindloadcalculations.Refer
toAppendixforadditionalinformation.
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WindPressures
Refertopage13,forBandLinthedirectionspecified.Refertoappendixforadditionalcalculations.
Pressure(psf)
NS
Level Elevation TribHeight Height Windward Leeward Sideward
MechRoom 238.5 6 75 18.54 13.04 16.71
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 18.02 13.04 16.71
Level4 211.5 15 48 17.23 13.04 16.71
Level3 196.5 15 33 16.22 13.04 16.71
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 14.74 13.04 16.71
Pressure(psf)
EW
Level Elevation TribHeight Height Windward Leeward Sideward
MechRoom 238.5 6 75 18.78 13.19 16.91
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 18.24 13.19 16.91
Level4 211.5 15 48 17.44 13.19 16.91
Level3 196.5 15 33 16.41 13.19 16.91
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 14.91 13.19 16.91
ForceduetoWind
Force(kips)
NS EW
Level Elevation TribHeight Height NSDir EWDir NSDir EWDir
MechRoom 238.5 6 75 54.02 28.58 40.28 21.31
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 119.50 64.30 89.10 47.95
Level4 211.5 15 48 129.42 71.44 96.48 53.28
Level3 196.5 15 33 125.09 71.44 93.24 53.28
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 130.64 78.58 97.36 58.61
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ShearDuetoWind
Shear(kips)
NS EW
Trib
Level Elevation Height Height NSDir EWDir NSDir EWDir
Mech
Room 238.5 6 75 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 54.02 28.58 40.28 21.31
Level4 211.5 15 48 173.52 92.87 129.37 69.26
Level3 196.5 15 33 302.94 164.31 225.86 122.54
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 428.02 235.75 319.10 175.82
Total 558.7 314.3 416.5 234.4
OverTurningMomentduetoWindPressure
OverTurningMoment(ftK)
NS EW
Level Elevation TribHeight Height NSDir EWDir NSDir EWDir
MechRoom 238.5 6 75 4051.22 2143.18 3020.70 1598.35
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 7528.66 73.83 1849.80 1032.73
Level4 211.5 15 48 6212.04 77.47 1891.62 1147.48
Level3 196.5 15 33 4127.89 71.59 1689.42 1147.48
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 2351.61 69.32 1552.74 1262.23
TotalOTM 24271.4 2435.4 10004.3 6188.3
PleasenotethatOverTurningMomentiscomputedatgroundlevel.
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SeismicLoads
SeismicLoadCriteria
BelowisalistofassumptionsmadefordeterminingthebuildingsseismicloadsbasedonASCE705.
Siteclassinformationalcomesfromthegeotechnicalreport.Althoughthegeotechnicalreport
includesresponsespectraformaximumcapableearthquakesintendedtorepresentthe1000year
event;thespectrumswerenotusedsincetheywereintendedtobeusedwithUBC.WhileASCE7
05uses2%exceedencein50yearsforthe2500yearearthquakewhichwasnotspecifiedinthe
geotechnicalreport.Thereforethebuildingslongitudeandlatitudecoordinateswhereusedto
determinetheseismicdesignvalueswiththeUSGSwebsite.
OccupancyCategory IV
ImportanceFactor(IE) 1.5
MappedSpectralResponseAccelerations Ss =1.378gr
S1=.497
SiteClass D
SiteClassFactors Fa=1
Fv=1.5
SMS=Fa(Ss) 1.378
SM1=Fv(S1) .7455
SDS=2/3(SMS) .92
SD1=2/3(SM1) .497
SeismicResponseCoefficient(Ct) .02
PeriodCoefficient(x) .75
BuildingHeight(hx) 630
Coefficientforupperlimit(Cu) 1.4
Approx.PeriodT=(Cu)(Ct)(hx)x .626
PeriodTbfromETABSModel .48
TLLongPeriod 8
SeismicDesignCategory D
ResponseModificationFactor(R) 6(SpecialSteelConcentricallyBracedFrames)
SeismicResponseCoefficient(Cs) .23
OverStrengthFactor(o) 2
Refertothelateralresistingsystemcheckforverticaldistributionofseismicforcesandbaseshear
calculationsonpageXX.
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BuildingWeightandMass
BuildingsWeightandMass
Floor W(kips) Area(ft^2) W(psf) Mass/ft^2
Roof 5393.40 39400.00 136.888 4.25
Level4 3566.00 39400.00 90.508 2.81
Level3 3566.00 39400.00 90.508 2.81
Level2 8089.20 53438.00 151.375 4.70
Level1 6466.87 53438.00 121.016 3.76
DistributionofSeismicLoads
VerticalDistributionofSeismicForces
Floor hx(ft) W(kips) hxkWx Cvx Fx(kips) Vx(kips) Mx(ftK)
Roof 63.00 5393.40 1896398 0.51 2407.26 0 151657.45
Level4 48.00 3566.00 853371 0.23 1083.26 2407.26 51996.32
Level3 33.00 3566.00 502202 0.13 637.49 3490.52 21037.12
Level2 18.00 8089.20 483188 0.13 613.35 4128.01 11040.34
Level1 0.00 6466.87 0 0.00 0.00 4741.36 0.00
Total 20615 3735159 BaseShear 4741 OverturningMoment 235731
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LoadCombinations
ThefollowingloadcombinationsweretakenfromASCE705section2.3.2.
1. 1.4(D + F)
2. 1.2(D + F + T )+ 1.6(L + H)+ 0.5(Lr orS orR)
3. 1.2D + 1.6(Lr orS orR)+ (L or0.8W)
4. 1.2D + 1.6W + L + 0.5(Lr orS orR)
5. 1.2D + 1.0E + L + 0.2S
6. 0.9D + 1.6W + 1.6H
7. 0.9D + 1.0E + 1.6H
Sincethefollowingstatementsaresatisfied,theloadcombinationswithseismicforcesareonly
takenintoconsiderationintheanalysis.
1.6(BaseShearforWindLoads)<(BaseShearforSeismicLoads)
1.6(OverTurningMomentforWindLoads)<(OverTurningMomentforSeismicLoads)
EarthquakeLoadEwereinvestigatedbasedonASCE705Section12.4.2,andthefollowingload
combinationswereused.
5.(1.2+0.2SDS)D+Qe+L+0.2S
7.(.9.2SDS)D+Qe+1.5H
WhereSDS=.92,computedonpage14.RedundancyFactor()wastakentobe1.SeePage22for
justification.
ASCE705section12.5determinesthedirectionoftheloadingsforSeismicDesignCategoryDtobe
taken100%percentoftheforcesforonedirectionplus30%intheperpendiculardirection.
Withalltheseprovisionsthefollowinglistofloadcombinationsweretakenaccountforinthe
analysis.
LoadCombinationName LoadCombination
EQ1 1.38D+EQX+.3EQY+L
EQ2 1.38D EQX+.3EQY+L
EQ3 1.38D+EQX .3EQY+L
EQ4 1.38D EQX .3EQY+L
EQ5 1.38D+.3EQX+EQY+L
EQ6 1.38D .3EQX+EQY+L
EQ7 1.38D+.3EQX EQY+L
EQ8 1.38D .3EQX EQY+L
EQ9 .72D+EQX+.3EQY
EQ10 .72DEQX+.3EQY
EQ11 .72D+EQX .3EQY
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EQ12 .72DEQX .3EQY

EQ13 .72D+.3EQX+EQY
EQ14 .72D.3EQX+EQY
EQ15 .72D+.3EQX EQY
EQ16 .72D.3EQX EQY
LoadCombinationswithoverstrengthfactor.
Whencheckingaxialforcesincolumns,thefollowingloadcombinationswereusedaccordingto
ASCE705Section12.4.3.2.Withtheoverstrengthfactoroequalto2accordingtoTable12.21
5.(1.2+0.2SDS)D+oQe+L+0.2S
7.(.9.2SDS)D+oQe+1.5H
Thefollowingtwoloadcombinationsweretakenaccountfor,whencheckingforcolumnsrunning
intheEWdirectionandNSdirection.EQ17willcontrolforcolumnsrunningintheEWdirection,
andEQ18willcontrolforcolumnsrunningintheNSdirection,basedonpreviousanalysisresults
fromloadcombinationsEQ1EQ16.
LoadCombinationName LoadCombination
EQ17 1.38D+2EQX+.6EQY+L
EQ18 1.38D+.6EQX+2EQY+L
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LateralAnalysis
ThelateralanalysiswasdoneusingETABS.Thefollowinglistsofitemsweremodeledandlistsof
assumptionsweremade.
TheMainLateralResistingSystemwasonlymodeledconsistingofallthebracedframe
baysinthestructure.Thematerialpropertiesandframesectionsinthosebayswere
modeledaccordingtothestructuraldrawings.
ARigidDiaphragmwasmodeledateveryfloorwiththelateralloadbeingassignedtothe
diaphragm.
Lateralforceswereappliedtothecenterofmasswiththeappropriateeccentricityratio.
Seetorsioncalculationsonpage21formoreinformation.
ThemassofthestructurewasassignedtoaNullShellPropertyateachfloor.Thisgivesus
anapproximateperiodfromthemodalanalysis.Pleaseseeappendixfortheassignedmass
ateachleveltotheETABSmodel.
TributaryDeadandLiveLoadswereassignedtoeachbeamframe.
ProperLoadCombinationswereassigned,SeePage18forreference.
Infinitespringstiffnesswasassignedinthexandytranslation,andzrotationona1stfloor
node,mimickingzeromovementaboutthexandyandrotationaboutthezduetothe
existenceofabasement.
Thefollowingfigurerepresentsa3DviewoftheETABSmodel,withthenullshellarea,andlateral
resistingframesshown.

Fig9.3DETABModel

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Torsion
AccordingtoASCE705section12.8.4.2,diaphragmsthatarenonflexiblearerequiredtoaccount
forInherenttorsionMtandAccidentalTorsionMta.
InherentTorsion
SincetheLateralforcesareappliedtothecenterofmassandthecenterofrigidityiscalculatedin
theETABSmodel,thiswillaccountforinherenttorsion.Ahandcalculationforthecenterofrigidity
andcenterofmasswasdonetoverifytheaccuracyoftheETABSmodel.SeeAppendixfor
calculations.
AccidentalTorsion
Theanalysiswasfirstrunwiththeseismicloadsrunninginthexandyassignedtothecenterof
mass+5percentaccidentaltorsion.Thefollowingcalculationwasdonetocalculatetheamplified
accidentaltorsionaccordingtoASCE705section12.8.4.2.
FromEQX,thedisplacementsare;
a=.415,b=1.3
Thereforeavg=(1.3+.415)/2=.858
Ax=[1.3/(1.2)(.858)]=1.59Controls
FromEQY,thedisplacementsare;
a=.629,b=1.72
Thereforeavg=(1.72+.629)/2=1.1745
Ax=[1.7/(1.2)(1.17)]=1.49
5%(AccidentalTorsion)(1.59)=7.95%
Thereforea8%displacementeccentricityratiotothecenterofmasswasappliedtoeachlevel
wherethelateralloadswereapplied.Theanalysiswasthenrunagainandthestorydriftfromthe
controllingloadcombinationwastakenforcomparisontotheallowablestorydrift.
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RedundancyFactor
AftertheETABSanalysiswasperformed,thelateralforcestakenbyeachbracedframewere
calculated.Thefigurebelowrepresentsthepercentagecontributionofthetotalappliedseismic
forceinthexandydirectionofeachbracedframeatlevel1.Pleaserefertoappendixforthehand
calculationsofrelativestiffnessforcomparisonwiththeETABSmodel.
Fig10.DistributionofLateralForcesamongframesplan.
SinceBF1isresistingmorethan33%ofthebaseshear,requirementsperASCE70512.3.4.2must
bemetorelsetheredundancyfactormustbetakentobe1.3insteadof1.0.ASCE705section
12.3.4.2.astatesthataremovalofanybraceintheframeshallnotresultina33%reductioninstory
strength.Aquickspotcheckisdoneasfollows:
BF1consistsof5braces;removalofonewouldresultinabout20%decrease.SinceBF1istaking
66%,20%of66%=13%.Thereforea13%decreasewouldresultinaremovalofonebracedframe
whichislessthan33%.ThiscomplieswithSection12.3.4.2.athereforearedundancyfactorof1.0
canbeused.
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StoryDrift
StoryDriftwascomputedfromtheoutputoftheETABSmodelfromthestrengthleveldesign
earthquakeloadsEQXandEQY,thefollowingcriteriawasusedtodeterminetheallowablestory
drift.
ImportanceFactor(IE) 1.5
DeflectionAmplification(Cd) 5
AllowableDeflection a=0.01hsx
StoryDrift =(StoryDriftRatio)(hsx)(Cd)/(IE)
StoryDrift
Story hx(ft) AllowableDrift(in) StoryDrift(in) StoryDriftRatio(in/in)
Roof 15.00 2.70 0.73 0.001209
Level4 15.00 2.70 0.87 0.001444
Level3 15.00 2.70 0.86 0.001438
Level2 18.00 3.24 0.75 0.001039
Thestrengthleveldesignearthquakeforceinthexdirectioncontrols,thereforeitsdriftratiowas
takenintoconsiderationwhencomparingittotheallowablestorydrift.Thefollowingresultsshow
thatthestorydisplacementsareallwithintheallowabledisplacement.Thestorydriftsareverylow
comparedwiththeallowablethisisduetoastifflateralresistingsystem.
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ModalPeriod
TheETABSmodelsfirstperiodforthestructureisat0.4696seconds.Comparedtothecalculated
periodbasedonASCE705section12.8.2.1whichisat.626seconds;theETABSmodeltellsusthat
thebuildingisstifferthanapproximationbytheASCEcode.Thismightbebecausethedesigner
usedtheUBCcodetodesignthebuilding,orthatthedesignerassumedaredundancyfactorof1.3
tobeconservativewhenfirststartingthedesign,andthereforeendedupwithastiffstructure.
Thefollowingisa3Dviewofthefirstmode,whichshowsthatthebuildingisexcitedinthey
direction.
Fig11.3DModalPeriod

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SpotChecksofframingelements
UsingAISCSteelManualTable41,thefollowingAvailableStrengthAxialCompressionCapacities
arecomputedtocheckforbraceswhichareconnectedwiththemomentsreleasedinitslocalxand
y.
Member Type KL cPn Pu Pu/cPn

HSS10x10x5/8 Brace 23.4 603 343 .57
HSS8x8x5/8 Brace 21.2 420 296 .70
W14x109 Brace 33.5 617 584 .95
W14x132 Brace 33.5 757 700 .92
W14x211 Brace 35 1280 902 .70
ThefollowingchecksforsteelcolumnsaredoneusingthesteelframedesigninETABS;ahand
calculationwasdonetoverifythisanswer.Refertoappendixforcomparison.Pleasenotethatthe
loadcombinationsforthecolumndesignarewithoverstrengthfactor.
Member GridLocation MemberType KL Demand/CapacityRatio

W14x145 B3 Column 18 .645
W14x311 B7 Column 18 .77
W14x398 C2 Column 18 .565
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Thefollowing3DfigurerepresentstheDemandCapacityRatiogivenbyETABSwhendoingthe
steelframedesignusingloadcombinationsEQ1toEQ16.Pleasenotethatthoseloadcombinations
areforallbeamsandbraces.
Fig12.3DDemandCapacityRatioview.
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ThefollowingfigurerepresentstheDemandCapacityRatiogivenbyETABSwhendoingthesteel
framedesignusingloadcombinationsEQ17andEQ18.Pleasenotethatthoseloadcombinations
areforallcolumns.Mostcolumnsarebetween.5and.7demandcapacityratiowhichmeansthat
thedesignerdesignedforastrongcolumnwithweakbracesduetotheoverstrengthfactorapplied
whendesigningcolumns.
Fig13.3DDemandCapacityRatioview.
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OverturningMoment
Thebuildingsoveralloverturningiscalculatedbytakingtheshortestdistancefromthecenterof
masstotheedgeofthebuildingintheclosestdirectionandmultiplyingitwiththeweightofthe
wholestructure.Iftheresultantislessthantheoverturningmomentfromseismicforces,thenthe
buildingdoesnotuplift.Thisisdoneinboththexandydirections,andtheresultsshowthatno
upliftwilloccuratthebuildingsedgeduetooverturning.
Althoughwhenoverturningresistingmomentiscalculatedbasedonthedistancefromthecenterof
masstothecenterofrigidityinthexandydirectionoverturningmomentdocontrol.Therefore
upliftforcewillexistinthecolumnsofthelateralresistingsystem.PleaserefertoAppendixfor
calculations.
WhencheckingtheETABSmodel,someloadcombinationsresultinanupliftforceontheedge
columnsofthebracedframe.Butwhenlookingatthefoundationofthelateralresistingsystem,the
designerresolvedthisissuebyimplementingshearwallswithacontinuousfootingatthebasement
level.FurthercheckscanbedoneusingSAFEtoensurethattheoverturningmomentisaddressed.
ThefollowingfigurerepresentstheaxialforcesinthememberswiththeloadcombinationEQ17.
Pleasenotewhenlookingatupliftinthesoil,adifferentloadcombinationswouldneedtobeused
forallowabledesign,specifiedinASCE705section2.4.
Fig14.ElevationoftheAxialforcediagram.

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Conclusion
Thisreporthasprovidedabetterunderstandingofthelateralresistingsystemanditsbehavior
withseismicforces.HandcalculationsweredonetoverifytheaccuracyoftheETABSmodel.
RelativeStiffness,centerofmassesandcenterofrigiditieswerecomputedmanuallyandcompared.
TheETABSmodelwasthenusedtocheckthesteelframesandcomputedemandcapacityratios,
whichwerealsoverifiedwithhandcalculations.
Thisreportrevealedtheimportanceofusingacomputermodeltoanalyzeanddesignthelateral
system.Thefastandeffectiveanalysisprocesscomparedtodoingallhandcalculationisamajor
advantageofusingcomputermodels.Computermodelsalsogenerate3Danimationsofdeflections
andmodalexcitationsofthestructurewhichshowsthebuildingsbehaviorandcanbeusedto
addresstorsionalanddeflectionsissueswhencheckingthedesign.
StorydriftiswithintheallowablelimitaccordingtotheASCE705code.Thesteelmembersareall
withintheircapacities.Itcanbeconcludedthatthesteelbraceshaveahigherdemandcapacity
ratiocomparedtothecolumnsthereforewillbuckleoryieldbeforethecolumns.Thistellsusthat
thedesignerdesignedforastrongcolumnweakbraceconceptduetotheoverstrengthfactors
specifiedbycode.Sothatduringamajorearthquakethestructurewouldyieldthebracesfirstand
dissipateenergywithoutcausingmajordamagetothecolumnswhichmaycausefurther
catastrophicdamagesiffailing.
TheperiodofthestructureinETABSiswaybelowtheapproximateperiodcomputedbyASCE,
whichtellsusthatthelateralresistingsystemisverystiffthanexpected.Thismaybebecausethe
structurewasdesignedusingtheUBCcodewhichmayhavetakendifferentassumptionswhen
computingseismicforces.Thedesignermighthavealsousedtheredundancyfactorof1.3when
initiatingdesigntobeconservative.Furtheranalysiswouldberequiredtodetermineifamore
flexiblestructurecanbeusedsothatweincreasedriftbutnotpasstheallowablelimitwhilereduce
theperiodhencereducingtheseismicbaseshearcoefficient.
Whendoingcenterofrigidityandcenterofmasscalculation;thebracedframesthatresistlateral
loadsintheydirection,resisttheloadsequallyhencehaveequalstiffnessthroughout.Butwhen
lookingatthebracedframesresistingthelateralloadsinthexdirectionwegetthatoneresist66%
andtheotherresist33%ofthetotalload.Thisunequalrelativerigidityresultsinadditionaltorsion
tothestructure,whichwouldaddtorsionalsheartothestructure.Thisissuecanbeaddressedby
doingcomparisontothearchitecturaldrawingsfirst;seeingifitwouldpossibletouseHSSXbraces
insteadofWShapesorreducethesizesoftheWshapeshencereducestiffness.
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Appendix
DeadloadCalculations
LightweightConcrete(3.25top,3Deck) 44psf
NormalWeightConcrete(6top,3Deck) 94psf
NormalWeightConcrete(4.5top,3Deck) 75psf
SteelDeck(18Gage) 3psf
Glazing 12psf
Partitions 20psf
MetalPanels 14sf
PrecastPanels 68psf
SuperImposed:
Indoors 12psf
Roof 25psf
CourtyardPlanter 350psf*
CourtyardTree+Planter 350psf*
*Designersvalueusedinstead.
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WindCalculations
WindLoadCalculationSpreadSheet
LocalityFactorsandBuildingDescription
BasicWindSpeed V 85 h 75 Bldg.Height
WindDirectionalityFactor Kd 0.85 NS
ImportanceFactor I 1.15 B 285
WindwardWall Cp 0.8 L 210
LeewardWall Cp 0.5 h/L 0.3571
SideWall Cp 0.7 EW
TopographicFactor Kzt 1 B 210
Period T .47 L 285
Internalpressurecoeff. GCpi 0.18 h/L 0.2632
BHoriz.Dim.normaltowinddir.
LParallelDim.normaltowinddir.
GustEffectFactorFlexibleStructure
Table62
ExposureC alpha 9.5
Zg 900
0.10526
Bhat 1
alphaline 0.15385
bline 0.65
c 0.2
l 500
line 0.2
Zmin 15 45 or.6h*Calc.assumes.6halwayscontrols
GustEffectFactorCalculations
Vz 84.99366595
Lz 531.9976564
n1 1
N1 6.259262387
NS EW
Rh 0.21602 n 4.059126 Rh 0.216 n 4.0591
RB 0.06273 n 15.42468 RB 0.0841 n 11.366
RL 0.02594 n 38.04989 RL 0.0192 n 51.639
Beta 0.01
Rn 0.043611365
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R 0.179002936 R 0.206672765
gr 4.189475724
Iz 0.189924168
Q 0.818520081 Q 0.837655817
gq&gv 3.4
Gf 0.851287088 Gf 0.864740748
Level Elevation TribHeight Height Kz qz qh

MechRoom 238.5 6 75 1.19 21.54 21.54
Roof 226.5 13.5 63 1.15 20.76 21.54
Level4 211.5 15 48 1.08 19.61 21.54
Level3 196.5 15 33 1.00 18.12 21.54
Level2 181.5 16.5 18 0.88 15.95 21.54
Forwindpressures,forces,storyshears,andoverturningmoments.Seepage14.
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SeismicCalculations
VerticalDistributionofSeismicForces
Floor hx(ft) W(kips) hxkWx Cvx Fx(kips) Vx(kips) Mx(ftK)
Roof 63.00 5393.40 1896398 0.51 2407.26 151657.45
Level4 48.00 3566.00 853371 0.23 1083.26 2407.26 51996.32
Level3 33.00 3566.00 502202 0.13 637.49 3490.52 21037.12
Level2 18.00 8089.20 483188 0.13 613.35 4128.01 11040.34
Level1 0.00 6466.87 0 0.00 0.00 4741.36 0.00
Total 20615 3735159 BaseShear 4741 OverturningMoment 235731
k 1.415 I 1.5
Cs 0.23 R 6
V=Cs*W 4741.3 Sds 0.92
Sd1 0.497

CuTa 0.626
T 0.4696
TL 8
Cs 0.23
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StoryDrift
Story hx(ft) AllowableDrift(in) StoryDrift(in) StoryDriftRatio(in/in)
Roof 15.00 2.70 0.73 0.001209
Level4 15.00 2.70 0.87 0.001444
Level3 15.00 2.70 0.86 0.001438
Level2 18.00 3.24 0.75 0.001039
ImportanceFactor 1.5
Cd 5
BuildingsWeightandMass
Roof 5393.40 39400.00 136.888 4.25
Level4 3566.00 39400.00 90.508 2.81
Level3 3566.00 39400.00 90.508 2.81
Level2 8089.20 53438.00 151.375 4.70
Level1 6466.87 53438.00 121.016 3.76
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BuildingWeightCalculations
WeightofBuilding
Floor Component Weight(psf) Area Weight(Kips)

LVL1
Beams 231
Girders 168
Columns 132
CurtainWall 218
CompositeDeck 75 53438 4007.85
Paritions 20 53438 1068.76
SuperImposed 12 53438 641.256

TotalWeight 6467
LVL2
Beams 231
Girders 168
Columns 132
CurtainWall 218
CompositeDeck 47 37000 1739
Paritions 20 37000 740
Courtyard CompositeDeck 94 7200 676.8
SITree 552 110 60.72
SIPlanters 342 271 92.682
Lvl2Roof CompositeDeck 47 12000 564
Topping 18 12000 216

TotalWeight 8089
LVL3
Beams 151
Girders 94
Columns 180
CurtainWall 218
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TotalWeight 3566
LVL4
Beams 151
Girders 94
Columns 180
CurtainWall 218

TotalWeight 3566
ROOF
Beams 234
Girders 116
AHU 25 7200 180
0
PentHouse PentHouse 170 620 105.4
TotalWeight 5393
Pleasenotethatadditionalweightcalculationsareavailableuponrequest.

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ETABSModeling
RelativeStiffnessCalculations
ThesecalculationsareforcomparisonwiththeETABSmodel,toverifythattherelativestiffness
calculatedmatchtheETABSmodel.
ETABSoutputforearthquakeloadintheX,statesthatBF1takes66%whileBF2takes33%ofthe
totalshear@Level1.
BF1@Level1Consistsof:
(5)W14x211Braces(A=62in2)
LengthofBrace=35
Atanangleof31degreesfromthefloor
BF2@Level1Consistof:
(10)HSS10x10x5/8(A=21in2)
LengthofBrace23.4
Atanangleof50.2degreefromthefloor
Notethatstiffnessthatiscontributedfromthecolumnsisneglected.
Using
ForBF1
(5Braces)[62(cos(30.96)2)]/35=6.5,therefore6.5/(3.67+6.5)=64%relativestiffness
ForBF2
(10Braces)[21(cos(50.2)2)]/23.4=3.67,therefore3.67/(3.67+6.5)=36%relativestiffness
TherelativestiffnesspercentagesareclosetotheETABSoutput,thereforeitissafetousethe
ETABSoutputrelativestiffnesstocomputethecenterofrigidity.
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CenterofRigidityCalculations
Relativerigidityistobetakenastheshearforceresistedbythebraceframeandisproportionalto
thestiffness.
CenterofRigidity@Level2
DistancefromZero
Frame Reference RelativeRigidity (Rx)y (Ry)x
EW(x)(ft) NS(y)(ft) Rx Ry
BF1 0.00 169.00 3154.00 0.00 533026.00 0.00
BF2 0.00 0.00 1572.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BF3 30.00 0.00 0.00 1225.00 0.00 36750.00
BF4 120.00 0.00 0.00 1178.00 0.00 141360.00
BF5 180.00 0.00 0.00 1147.00 0.00 206460.00
BF6 270.00 0.00 0.00 1177.00 0.00 317790.00
Total 4726.00 4727.00 533026.00 702360.00
Yr 112.76 ft
Xr 148.62 ft
CenterofMassCalculations
CenterofMass@Level2
Unit
Weight Dist.fromzeroreference
Element Length Width Weight Wx(ftk) Wy(ftk)
(kips)
(k/sf) x(ft) y(ft)
AreaA 270 198 0.151 8072 135 99 1089782 799174
AreaB 29 30 0.151 131 15 184 1971 24106
AreaC 29 30 0.151 131 175 184 22990 24106
Total 7809.72 1064822 750961
xm= 136.35 ft
ym= 96.16 ft
ComparisonwithETABSoutput
Thefollowingresultsareapproximatelyequaltothecomputedcenterofmassandcenterof
rigidity.
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Story Diaphragm XCCM YCCM XCR YCR

LEVEL1 D1 136.963 97.574
LEVEL2 D2 136.497 96.144 149.156 105.116
LEVEL3 D3 141.226 98.754 144.822 92.595
LEVEL4 D4 141.226 98.754 142.841 89.972
ROOF DROOF 141.226 98.754 141.636 86.933
AssignedBuildingMass
ThefollowingtableshowstheassignedbuildingmasstothenullshellpropertyintheETABSmodel.
AssignedBuildingsMass
Roof 5393 33656 160 4.98
Level4 3566 33656 106 3.29
Level3 3566 33656 106 3.29
Level2 8089 51708 156 4.86
Level1 6467 52578 123 3.82
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SteelFrameMemberSpotChecking
ThefollowingrepresenttheETABSsteelframespotchecking,thiswillbecomparedwithhand
calculationstoensurecorrectness.
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SteelFrameHandCalculation
ColumnLocatedatgridB7.
W14x311,L=18
ETABSanalysisstatesthattheloadcombinationEQ17Control.Withthefollowingloading:
P=2080kips
Mx=348ftk
My=17ftf
FromAISCSteelManualTable61
p=.295xE3
bx=.398xE3
by=.70xE3
FromAISCSteelManualTable41
cPn=3390kips
SincePr/Pc=2080/3390=.61>.2thereforeuseequationH11a.
pPr+bxMx+byMy<1.0
(.295e3)(2080)+(.398e3)(348)+(.70e3)(17)=.76,approximatelyequaltoETABSwhichis.77,
thereforeoktousesteeldesignanalysisinETABS.
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OverTurningMoment
OTMfromseismicforces=235,731ftk
BuildingWeight=20,615Kips
CenterofMassintheXdirection=136from(0,y)
CenterofMassintheYdirection=96from(x,0)
CenterofRigidityintheXdirection=149from(0,y)
CenterofRigidityintheYdirection=105from(x,0)
Bx=270
By=198
CheckingOverturningintheXDirection@shortestdistancetoEdgeofBuilding
235,731<(270136)(20,615)=2,762,410ftk,ThereforeOK
CheckingOverturningintheYDirection@shortestdistancetoEdgeofBuilding
235,731<(96)(20,615)=1,979,040ftk,ThereforeOK
Thereforenoupliftoccursatthebuildingedge.
CheckingOverturningintheXDirection@centerofrigidity
235,731<(149136)(20,615)=267,995ftk,ThereforeOK
CheckingOverturningintheYDirection@centerofrigidity
235,731>(10596)(20,615)=185,535ftk,ThereforenotOK
Theoverturningmomentwillcausesomecolumnstoupliftatthelateralresistingsystem.
42|P a g e

Technical Report 3 Marafi N

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LateralSystemAnalysisand

SteelDeck I(in4) S(in3)

Level2Courtyard PAVER PLANTERW/TREES PLANTER

EQ12 .72DEQX .3EQY

Member Type KL cPn Pu Pu/cPn

Member GridLocation MemberType KL Demand/CapacityRatio

Level Elevation TribHeight Height Kz qz qh

Floor Component Weight(psf) Area Weight(Kips)

SuperImposed 12 37000 444

Story Diaphragm XCCM YCCM XCR YCR

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