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1.1. SPECIFICATIONS FOR AN EFFECTIVE ARC-FLASH

ANALYSIS.

Arc-Flash Hazard Analysis:

1. The arc-flash hazard analysis shall be performed according to the IEEE

1584 equations that are presented in NFPA 70E, Annex D.

2. The analysis and report shall be a performed by a professional engineer

with a minimum of 5 years experience performing arc-flash hazard
analysis.

3. Perform the study with the aid of digital computer program that has
integrated arc-flash analysis that retrieves short circuit values and
protective device clearing times and uses these values for the
calculations.

4. Under rated equipment as identified in the short-circuit study shall have

corrective action for insufficient ratings incorporated into the analysis.

5. The flash protection boundary and the incident energy shall be calculated
at all significant locations in the electrical distribution system as defined by
NFPA 70 (NEC) Section 110.16. Additionally, transformers, enclosed
circuit breakers, safety disconnect switches and other equipment shall be
evaluated for all voltage levels up to the limit of the IEEE 1584 standard,
where work could be performed on energized parts.

6.

Required PPE shall be based on incident energy as the working distance

for each location based on NFPA 70E 2015 Edition.

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7. Arc-flash boundary distances shall be calculated considering incident

energy of 1.2 calories/cm as the boundary level.

8. Ground overcurrent relays should not be taken into consideration when

determining the clearing time when performing incident energy
calculations.

9. The short circuit calculations and the corresponding incident energy

calculations for multiple system scenarios must be compared and the
greatest incident energy must be uniquely reported for each equipment
location. Calculations must be performed to represent the maximum and
minimum contributions of fault current magnitude for all normal and
emergency operating conditions. The minimum calculation will assume
that the utility contribution is at a minimum and will assume a minimum
motor contribution (all motors off). Conversely, the maximum calculation
will assume a maximum contribution from the utility and will assume the
maximum amount of motor to be operating. Calculations shall take into
consideration the parallel operation of synchronous generators with the
electric utility, where applicable.

10. Locations where incident energy levels exceed 40 calories/cm 2 shall be

identified and where possible, mitigation proposed to reduce the incident
energy below this level. If mitigation to the required level cant be
achieved, these areas shall noted and a reason stated.

Note: The required maximum incident energy noted here may be required
by site specific requirements to be lower. Some facilities require incident
energies do not exceed 8 cal/cm2.

11. Locations where temporary mitigation equipment is used (ie. maintenance

mode switch) shall have separate calculations made to determine the
incident energy levels with this equipment active. Separate labeling shall

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be produced that clearly identifies the different mode and PPE

requirements.

12. The incident energy calculations must consider the accumulation of

energy over time when performing arc flash calculations on buses with
multiple sources. Iterative calculations must take into account the
changing current contributions, as the sources are interrupted or
decremented with time. Fault contribution from motors and generators
should be decremented as follows:

12.1. Fault contribution from induction motors should not be

considered beyond 3-5 cycles.

12.2. Fault contribution from synchronous motors and generators

should be decayed to match the actual decrement of each as
closely as possible (e.g. contributions from permanent magnet
generators will typically decay from 10 per unit to 3 per unit after 10
cycles)

13. For each equipment location with a separately enclosed main device
(where there is adequate isolation between the line side terminals of the
main protective device and distribution bus), the calculations for each
incident energy and flash protection boundary shall include both the line
and load side of the main breaker or the system modeled to treat these as
separate locations.

14. For equipment locations with integral main devices that are not isolated
from the distribution bus, the main device shall be ignored for the
calculations or the performed only on the line side of the main breaker.

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15. Miscoordination must be checked among all devices with the branch
containing and a sufficient number of upstream devices such that
calculations utilize the fastest device to compute the incident energy for
the corresponding location. Where possible, protective device settings
shall be adjusted to minimize miscoordination. Locations where
miscoordination exists shall be identified in the report

16. Arc flash calculation shall be based on the actual overcurrent protective
device clearing time. A maximum clearing time of two seconds (based on
IEEE 1584-2002 section B.1.2) shall be used. For locations where it is not
physically possible to move outside of the flash protection boundary in
less than two seconds during arc flash event, the actual clearing time for
the specific location shall be used.

17. Preliminary studies shall be performed prior to equipment being released

for construction to identify and implement corrective action required to
meet the maximum incident energy requirements.

18. Final studies shall be performed representing the as-built configuration of

the system.

19. Summarize results of system study in a final report. The following shall be
included in the report:

19.1. Description, purpose, basis, scope of study and single line

diagram of that portion of power system which is included within
scope of study.

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19.2. Tabulations of incident energy, boundary and required PPE

level for each location analyzed.

19.3. A definition of terms and guide for interpretation of computer

printout.

19.4. Arc-Flash labels for all locations analyzed as required by

NFPA 70 Section 110.16. The labels shall comply with ANSI Z535
and include all data required by NFPA 70E 2015 Edition. The
labels shall be of a size that is easily readable and be of a durable
weather proof design suitable for outdoor exposure for a minimum
of five years.

For existing system, the collection of field data is also required and should be
included in the specifications.

Field Data Collection for Power Systems Studies:

1. The field data shall be collected by personnel familiar with the data
requirements to perform power system studies and be trained and have
appropriate personnel protective equipment to safely collect the data.
Field data collection personnel should be familiar with NEC requirements
such that obvious violations of the NEC can be documented.

2. The existing one-line(s) shall be marked up to reflect the system

configuration at the time the data is collected. If an existing one-line
drawing does not exist, the field data shall include enough information so
that an accurate one-line drawing can be created.

3. The data collected shall be entered into a tabulated format that includes:

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3.1. Manufacturers nameplate data for all equipment and protective

devices within the scope of work. This must include type, ampacity
and interrupting ratings.

3.2. Trip type, and as-found settings for adjustable protective devices.

3.3. Size, type, quantity, conduit type and length of all conductor runs
within the scope of work.

3.4. Impedance data for all transformers and generators.

3.5. Utility source data that includes maximum and minimum fault duties
(3-phase and line-ground) and X/R ratios.

3.6. Last documented date of maintenance testing as required my NFPA

70E and NETA standards.

3.7. Identify locations of egress that in the event of arc-flash event would
take more than 2 seconds.

4. Documentation of any condition-based concerns that would impact the

ability of the system to safely operate during normal and fault conditions.

5. Documentation of any NEC violations observed during the field data

collection.
This document is intended to be used as a sample scope of work and Southwest Energy Systems is not responsible for any damages or losses as a result of any
information contained in this document.

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Southwest Energy Systems LLC

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