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a. The child imitates the sounds and patterns which s/he hears around
her/him.
b. People recognize the childs attempts as being similar to the adult
models and reinforce (reward) the sounds by approval or some
other desirable reaction.
c. In order to obtain more of these rewards, the child repeats the
sounds and patterns so that these become habits.
d. In this way the childs verbal behavior is conditioned (shaped)
until the habits coincide with the adult models.
The behaviorists claim that the three crucial elements of learning are:
a stimulus, which serves to elicit behavior; a response triggered by
the stimulus, and reinforcement, which serves to mark the response
as being appropriate (or inappropriate) and encourages the repetition
(or suppression) of the response.