SECTION 4.

- Joint and Solidary Obligations

Art. 1207. The __________ of __________ or more __________ or of __________ or more __________ in
__________ and the same __________ does __________ __________ that __________ __________ of the
former has a __________ to __________, or that __________ __________ of the latter is __________ to
__________, __________ __________ with the __________. There is a __________ __________ __________
when the obligation expressly so states, or when the law or the __________ of the __________ requires solidarity

Art. 1208. If from the law, or the nature or the wording of the __________ to which the preceding article refers the
contrary does __________ __________, the debt or __________ shall be __________ to be __________ into as
many __________ as there are __________ or __________, the __________ or __________ being considered
distinct from __________ __________, subject to the Rules of Court governing the multiplicity of __________.
(1138a)

Art. 1209. If the division is impossible, the right of the creditors may be prejudiced __________ by their collective
acts, and the debt can be ____________________ by proceeding __________ __________ the debtors. If
__________ of the latter should be insolvent, the others shall __________ be liable for his share (1139)

Art. 1210. The indivisibility of an__________ does __________ necessarily give rise to solidarity. Nor does
solidarity of itself imply __________. (n)

Art. 1211.solidarity may exist although the __________ and the __________ may __________ be bound in the
same manner and by the same period and condition. (1140)

Art. 1212.each __________ of the solidary creditors may do whatever may be __________ to the others, but
__________ anything which may be prejudicial to the latter. (1141a)

Art. 1213. A __________ __________ __________ _assign_____ his rights __________ the consent of the
others. (n)

Art. 1214. The __________may__________ __________ __________ of the __________ __________; but if any
demand, __________ or __________, has been made by __________ of them payment should be made to him.
(1142a)

Art. 1215novation, compensation, confusion or remission of the __________, made by __________ of the
__________ __________ or with __________ of the solidary debtors, shall extinguish the __________,
__________ without to the provisions of Article 1219.

The __________ who may have executed __________ of these __________, as well as he who collects the
__________, shall be __________ to the others for the share in the __________ corresponding to them. (1143)

Art. 1216. The __________may proceed against __________ __________ of the __________ __________ or
some or __all________ of them simultaneously. The demand made __________of them shall __________ be an
obstacle to those which may subsequently be __________ __________ the others, so long as the __________ has
not been fully collected(1144a)

Art. 1217.payment made by __________ of the __________ __________ extinguishes the__________. If

__________ or more __________ __________ __________ to __________, the __________ may __________
which __________ to accept.

He who __________ the __________ may __________ from his __________ __________the __________ which
__________ to __________, with the interest for the ______________________________. If the __________ is
____________________the __________ is __________, ____________________for the
____________________may be demanded.
When __________ of the ______________________________, because of his insolvency, __________ his
__________ to the ____________________the__________, such __________ shall be __________ by
__________his __________, in proportion to the debt of each. (1145a)

Art. 1218.__________ by a ____________________shall ____________________him to reimbursement from his

__________if such __________ is ____________________the __________ has prescribed or become illegal (n)

Art. 1219. The ____________________by the __________of the __________ which ____________________ of
the ____________________does __________release__________the latter from his responsibility towards the
__________, in case the __________ had been totally paid by __________ of them before the __________was
effected. (1146a)

Art. 1220. The __________of the whole obligation, obtained by __________ of the ____________________, does
not entitle him to reimbursement from his __________. (n)

Art. 1221. If the thing has been lost or if the __________ has ______________________________ the fault of the
____________________, the __________ shall be extinguished.

If there was fault on the __________ of ____________________of them, __________ shall be __________ to the
__________, for the price and the payment of __________ and __________, ____________________to their
____________________the guilty or negligent debtor.

If through a ____________________, the __________ is __________ or the __________ has

____________________ after__________ of the ____________________has incurred in delay through the
__________ or ____________________ upon __________ by the __________, the provisions of the preceding
paragraph shall __________. (1147a)

Art. 1222. A ____________________may, in __________ filed by the __________, avail himself of

____________________which are derived from the __________ of the __________ and of those which are
personal to him, or pertain to his ____________________. With respect to those which ____________________to
the __________, he may ____________________thereof only as regards that __________ of the __________ for
which the latter are __________. (1148a)

SECTION 5. - Divisible and Indivisible Obligations

Art. 1223. The __________ or __________ of the __________ that are the object of obligations in which there is
______________________________and ______________________________does ____________________or
modify the provisions of Chapter 2 of this Title. (1149)

Art. 1224. A joint individual obligation gives rise to indemnity for __________ from the ____________________of
the __________ does ____________________with his undertaking. The __________ who may have been
__________ to fulfil their __________ shall not contribute to the
____________________the____________________of the __________ of the __________ or of the __________
of the __________ in which the ____________________. (1150)

Art. 1225. For the __________ of the preceding articles, __________ to ______________________________and
those which are ____________________of partial performance shall be deemed to be __________.

When the __________ has for its object the execution of a ____________________of accomplishment of
__________, the __________ of __________ by ____________________, or ____________________ which by
their nature are__________ of ____________________, it shall be divisible.

However, even though the object or service may be physically divisible, an__________ is __________ if so
provided by __________ or intented by the __________.
In ________________________________________, __________ or __________ shall be __________ by the
__________ of the prestation in ______________________________. (1151a)

SECTION 6. - Obligations with a Penal Clause

Art. 1226. In __________ with a ____________________, the penalty shall substitute the indemnity for damages
and the __________ of __________ in case of __________, if there is ____________________ to the
__________. Nevertheless, __________shall be __________ if the ____________________to __________ the
__________ or is __________ of fraud in the fulfillment of the __________.

The __________ may be ____________________when it is __________ in accordance with the provisions of this
Code. (1152a)

Art. 1227. The _________________exempt himself from the performance of the __________ by __________ the
__________, save in the __________where this __________ has been ___________reserved for him.
__________ can the ____________________the__________ of the __________and the __________ of the
__________ at the ____________________, unless this __________ has been ____________________him.
However, if __________ the __________ has decided to __________ the __________ of the __________, the
__________ thereof should become ____________________ his __________, the __________ may be
__________. (1153a)

Art. 1228.__________ of _____actual damages__________ by the __________ is ____________________in

order that the penalty may be demanded. (n)

Art. 1229. The __________ shall equitably reduce the penalty when the ____________________has been partly
or irregularly complied with by the __________. Even if there has been no performance, the penalty may also be
__________ by the __________ if it is iniquitous or unconscionable. (1154a)

Art. 1230. The nullity of the penal clause does ____________________with it that of the ____________________.

The __________ of the ______________________________ with it that of the ____________________. (1155)

CHAPTER 4
EXTINGUISHMENT OF OBLIGATIONS
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Art. 1231obligaations are extinguished_:

(1) By __________ or __________:

(2) By the __________ of the ____________________:

(3) By the __________ or __________ of the __________;

(4) By the __________ or __________ of the __________of __________ and __________;

(5) By __________;

(6) By __________.

Other __________ of __________ of __________, such as __________, __________, __________ of a

____________________, and __________, are governed elsewhere in this Code. (1156a)
 SECTION 1. - Payment or Performance

Art. 1232.payment_____________________________the delivery of money but also the performance, in

______________________________, of an__________. (n)

Art. 1233. A __________ shall __________ be __________ to have been __________ unless the tthing_ or
service _ in which the ____________________ has been ____________________or __________, as the case
may be. (1157)

Art. 1234. If the __________ has been _________performed______in _good faith______________, the
__________may __________ as though there had been a strict_and ___complete_fulfillment,
______________________________ by the __________. (n)

Art. 1235. When the ____________________the__________, __________ its __________ or __________, and
________________________________________or __________, the __________ is
______________________________with. (n)

Art. 1236. The __________ is ____________________to ____________________or performance by a

____________________who has ____________________in the __________ of the __________, unless there is a
__________ to the __________.

Whoever __________ for __________may demand 0 from the __________ what he has __________, except that
if he ____________________the __________ or __________ the __________ of the __________, he can
____________________insofar as the __________ has been __________ to the __________. (1158a)

Art. 1237.____________________on__________of the ____________________the__________ or __________

the __________ of the __________, ____________________the __________ to __________ him in his
__________, such as those __________ from a mortgage, guaranty or penalty (1159a)

Art. 1238.____________________by a ____________________who does ____________________to be

__________ by the __________ is __________ to be a donation which requires the ____________________. But
the __________ is in any case valid as to the __________ who has accepted it. (n)

Art. 1239. In __________to__________, ____________________by __________who

____________________have the ____________________of the ____________________and capacity to alienate
it shall __________ be __________, ____________________to the provisions of Article 1427 under the Title on
"____________________." (1160a)

Art. 1240.__________ shall be __________ to the person in whose favour the__________ has been constituted
or his successor in interest or ______________________________ to received it. (1162a)

Art. 1241.__________ to a __________ who is __________ to __________ his __________ shall be __________
if he has __________ the ____________________, or insofar as the __________ has been __________ to him.

____________________to a ____________________shall also be __________ insofar as it has redounded to the

__________ of the crditor Such __________ to the ______________________________be __________ in the
following cases:

(1) If __________ the payment, the ______________________________the____________________;

(2) If the ____________________the__________to the third person

 (3) If by the ______________conduct______, the __________ has been __________ to __________ that
the____________________had __________ to __________ the payment (1163a)

Art. 1242.____________________in good faith to____________________in possession of the credit shall release
the __________. (1164)

Art. 1243.____________________to the __________ by the ____________________the latter has been

____________________to __________ the debt shall __________ be valid (1165)

Art. 1244. The __________ of a ______________________________ the __________ to __________ a

____________________, although the latter may be of the same value as, or more valuable than that which is due

In ______________________________or ______________________________, an__________ or

____________________be substituted by ____________________or ____________________the
____________________. (1166a)

Art. 1245dation in payment whereby __________ is __________ to the __________ in satisfaction of a

__________ in money shall be __________ by the __________ of __________. (n)

Art. 1246. When the ____________________in the __________of an__________ or ____________________,

whose quality and circumstances have __________ been __________, the ______________________________a
__________ of ____________________. neither can the ____________________a __________ of
____________________. The __________ of the __________ and ____________________shall be taken into
consideration (1167a)

Art. 1247. Unless it is ____________________, the ______________________________by the __________ shall

be for the __________ of the __________. With __________ to ____________________, the Rules of Court shall
__________. (1168a)

Art. 1248. Unless there is an____________________to that __________, the ____________________be

____________________to __________ the __________in which the ____________________. __________ may
the__________be required to ______________________________.

However, when the __________ is in ____________________and in ____________________, the

__________may __________ and the __________ may __________ the __________ of the
______________________________ for the __________ of the latter. (1169a)

Art. 1249. The __________ of __________ in __________ shall be __________ in the ____________________,
and if it is ____________________to __________ such __________, then in the __________ which is
____________________in the __________.

The __________ of ______________________________ to __________, or __________ of __________or

______________________________shall __________ the __________ of ____________________ when they
have been __________, or when through the __________ of the __________ they have been __________.

In the meantime, the ____________________from the ____________________shall be __________ in the

__________. (1170)

Art. 1250. In case an____________________or __________ of the ____________________should __________,

the __________ of the __________ at the __________ of the __________ of the __________ shall be the
__________of __________, unless there is an __________ to the __________. (n)

Art. 1251.__________ shall be __________ in the ____________________in the __________.

There being ______________________________ and if the __________ is to __________ a
____________________, the __________ shall be ____________________the __________ might be at the
__________the__________ was __________.

In __________ other case the __________ of __________ shall be the __________ of the __________.

If the ____________________ his __________ in ____________________or __________he has __________ in

__________, the ____________________shall be __________ by him.

These provisions are ____________________to __________ under the Rules of Court. (1171a)

SUBSECTION 1. - Application of Payments

Art. 1252. He who has ____________________of the ____________________ in __________ of __________

and the ____________________, may __________ at the __________ of __________ the __________, to which
of them the __________ must be __________. Unless the __________ so __________, or when the __________
of __________ is __________ by the __________for whose __________ the __________ has been __________,
__________ shall __________ be made as to __________ which are ______________________________.

If the ____________________from the __________ a __________ in which an__________ of the __________ is

__________, the former ____________________of the __________, unless there is a __________ for
__________ the __________. (1172a)

Art. 1253. If the ______________________________, __________ of the __________ shall __________ be

__________ to have been ____________________ the __________ have been __________. (1173)

Art. 1254. When the ____________________be __________ in __________ with the preceding rules, or if
____________________be __________ from other __________, the __________which is
____________________ to the __________, among those __________, shall be __________ to have been
__________.

If the____________________are of the ____________________and __________, the __________ shall be

__________ to __________ of them __________. (1174a)

SUBSECTION 2. - Payment by Cession

Art. 1255.The __________may __________ or __________ his __________ to his __________ in __________ of
his __________. This __________, unless there is __________ to the __________, shall
____________________the __________ from __________ for the ____________________of the
____________________. The __________which, on the __________ of the __________, are __________
between the __________and his __________ shall be __________by ____________________. (1175a)