Urban Policy Analysis

Winter 2017
Monday Wednesday 4:30-5:50pm

Public Policy PBPL 24800/34800 Terry Nichols Clark

Sociology 20120 / 30120 322 SS, 773-702-8686 office
Political Science 256 312-842-5169 home until midnight
tnclark@uchicago.edu

Office Hours: Tuesday right after class, or by apt.

Teaching Assistants: Antoine Jones, antoinej@uchicago.edu (Office hours Tuesdays 12:30-2:50 PM, Stuart Hall)
Esma Ozel, esmaozel@uchicago.edu (Office hours Wednesdays 3 PM, Ex Libris Caf -
Regenstein Library)
Antoine Jones, antoinej@uchicago.edu

How does urban policy get made? Do leaders matter? Some see specific leaders, and their preferences, as key. If
leaders matter, then are business, political, or other kinds of leaders more important--and where, when, and why?
A second view is that capitalism, or more recently, global markets, make specific leaders irrelevant. A third view
is that leaders like mayors are growing weaker if not irrelevant since citizens, interest groups, and media have
grown so powerful. We examine theoretical statements of these views, comparative studies, and case studies of
specifics. But there is not a simple answer: some evidence supports each of the three views. Thus, as the course
proceeds we will give you some tools to sift through and interpret such conflicting evidence, as you will no doubt
confront similar conflicts in the future. The first half of the course develops the core ideas for a new perspective
on urban policy. It stresses consumption, amenities, and neighborhood scenes as redefining many past rules about
how cities work. These are still controversial, especially in exchanges among the LA school, a nascent New York
school, and the New Chicago school of urban research.

The course introduces you to core urban issues, whether your goal is to conduct research, interpret reports by
others, make policy decisions, or watch the tube and discuss these issues as a more informed citizen. One former
student suggested that we announce that each class will show you how at least one conception from the N.Y.
Times or CNN is wrong, and how you can reach a more informed interpretation. He also suggested that if we
dont you could get your money back, but the Universitys legal counsel advised against this.

We will engage major ongoing debates by joining discussions about new policies from such leaders as Obama,
Clinton, Black Lives Matter, and Donald Trump. Plus key mayors who have sought to implement related policies.
And citizens who may seem anonymous, but make a difference. Like what cities and neighborhoods voted for
Trump and why? Our focus is on linking policy debates with core social science analyses about what has worked,
or not, and why.

The course presents an overview of urban policy analysis, focusing on leadership patterns of public officials and
their implications for urban public policy, especially economic development. In the process we review the major
interpretations about how urban politics and leadership work in cities around the world today. What strategies
encourage or discourage development? Which specific cities and leaders have followed different sets of strategies
and with what consequences? What shifts in urban political cultures have accompanied different sets of policies?
Case studies of individual cities and comparative analyses across cities around the world will be used. Examples
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are drawn especially from Chicago, the most studied city in the world, because it used to illustrate such dramatic
examples of poverty, crime, gangs, violence, political corruption, and more. But it has recently become the
Leisure City on the Lakefront, where airports and school parking lots are converted into parks, and Navy Pier, the
Bulls, great restaurants, music, and theater. These draw more visitors than the Grand Canyon. What has happened
here and why? How much does this transformation follow a pattern also around the world? To answer, we draw
on work from the Fiscal Austerity and Urban Innovation (FAUI) Project, a study of more than 7,000 cities in 34
countries, that began in 1983, and has generated many counter-intuitive results from North America, Asia,
Europe, and Latin America. Data from Chicago and the international FAUI project are available for student
projects and papers. We also maintain contacts with many organizations in Chicago and can help arrange an
internship as part of a student project if you are interested.

We aim to post a recording of each class session in case you are not feeling well or are out of town. You can thus
listen to all sessions while jogging up the lakefront or traveling wherever you like. We do not take class
attendance and do not grade based on your being in class. We encourage active participation, but this can be via
personal class discussion, postings on the Chalk Discussion Board, or short memos. All help for 10 percent of the
grade based on participation.

Recordings are posted on Chalk, Under Labs/Lectures; past years sessions cover similar materials. Since the
swine flu epidemic, we also offer exams over the internet. So you can write the exams at home or wherever you
like and can use any of your notes and books.

This is a lecture/discussion course in the first half, Sections I through III, followed by the midterm. The second
half of the course is for applying/extending concepts from Sections I through III and the lecture format will shift
toward more student-oriented discussion. Many students revise and continue working on papers in subsequent
quarters, and some develop these into BA or MA papers. The course covers many urban and ethnic readings for
the PhD prelim exam in Sociology.

How to focus? Readings are labeled with one, two or three stars to indicate their importance for the course. Three
star readings are terrific meals. Recommended but less important readings are labeled Extra. This a short reading
list if you just read the starred works, the basics for exams. Most readings are optional, about specific areas that
may interest you. Explore and see!

Access: Most readings are on our Chalk site except for four books ordered at the Seminary Coop Bookstore:
Robert Dahl, Who Governs?; TN Clark and VH-Martinot, The New Political Culture; Clark, The City as an
Entertainment Machine? And D. Silver and TN Clark, Scenescapesall paperbacks and several as e-books.
Supplementary Readings are on a separate list; most on Chalk.

I. Leadership and Urban Development: Perspectives

*Dennis R. Judd, Theorizing The City, in Judd and Dick Simpson, Eds., The City, Revisited: Critical
Perspectives From Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press, 2010 (forthcoming). An overview of competing theoretical perspectives on the city, sometimes identified
with researchers from three cities: Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago.

A. Regimes/Leadership: Week 1

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***Robert A. Dahl, Who Governs? New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1961, chs. 1, 8, 9, 10, 19, 24, 27, 28. The
classic study of urban leadership.

***Clarence Stone, Regime Politics. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1989, ch. 8, pp. 169-178. See this
use of "regime" in practice.

**Terry Nichols Clark and Lorna Crowley Ferguson, City Money, New York, NY: Columbia University Press,
1983, introduction, ch. 1, 4, 8. Rather than assuming a universal pattern, City Money shows how cities differ
dramatically in leadership patterns and rules of the game.

*Dennis Judd and Michael Parkinson, eds., Leadership and Urban Regeneration. Newbury Park: Sage, 1990.
Read introductory and concluding chapters by the editors and one city chapter for fun, e.g. Liverpool.

B. Markets, National and Global: Week 2

***Paul E. Peterson, City Limits, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981, ch. 3, pp. 41-65. Stresses the
market: competition for scarce development funds limits cities in their policy options.

***Saskia Sassen, The Global City. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. Preface to the New Edition and
Overview, pp. xvii-xxiii and 3-15. Provocative statement about globalization. Scan the rest of the book.

Extra. Terry Nichols Clark, Old and New Paradigms for Urban Research, Urban Affairs Review, September
2000. Globalization undermines some urban paradigms and strengthens others, specified here. (internet)

Extra: Abu-Lughod, Janet. 1999. New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: Americas Global Cities. Pp. 399-426.
Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

C. Political Culture: Migration, and Ethnic History as the Past; Post-Industrial Politics as the Future:
Week 2

***Daniel J. Elazar, "The American Cultural Matrix, in D.J. Elazar and J. Zikmund, eds., The Ecology of
American Political Culture. New York: Cromwell, 1975, pp. 13-42. Scan papers by others, esp. Patterson.
Cultural migration streams from Europe and across the US help define distinct rules of the game in different
cities today. Elazar has extended this to be world wide.

***Terry Nichols Clark and Vincent Hoffmann-Martinot, eds., The New Political Culture. Boulder, CO:
Westview Press, 1998, chs 1-4.

D. Urban Innovation: New Ideas Drive Cities Economically and Culturally: Week 2

***Richard Florida, Cities and the Creative Class. City and Community. Vo.2, Issue1, March 2003. This has
core ideas in books by Florida, such as The Rise of the Creative Class, Cities and the Creative Class, Whos
Your City? Raises controversial ideas about tolerance and gays as drivers of high tech growth. Read more for
detail, or visit his dramatic website and You Tube videos where you can see him discuss ideas with many city
leaders: www.creativeclass.com.

***Terry Nichols Clark and Coauthors, Can Tocqueville Karaoke? Bingley, UK: Emerald, 2014, esp. pp. 1-35.

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Paperback, hardback, Kindle ebook from Amazon. U-tube 7 min. video overview of book:
http://youtu.be/u6WzQ7rWxD8 Two classic theories from Tocqueville and Jane Jacobs
fall flat in Asia; why, and how improve our thinking? Adding the arts is one key as it links
with citizens, not just elites.

E. Consumption and Urban Scenes: Week 3

**Terry Nichols Clark, ed. The City as an Entertainment Machine, Research in Urban Policy, Vol. 9, Oxford:
JAI Press/Elsevier, 2003; Paperback 2011, Lexington Books, esp. chs. 1, 2 and 3, scan rest. Ch 3 shows that
opera, juice bars, and bicycle events do attract some kinds of residents to cities, but that others, like retired
persons, are attracted more by mountains, water, and moderate temperature. Ch. 2 outlines propositions to make
sense of all this.

** Daniel Silver and Terry Nichols Clark, Scenescapes. University of Chicago Press. 2016. Paperback and e-
book. Chaps 1-2 are an overview, read at least one chapter from 4 to 7 about specifics of jobs, home, and
politics. From Disney Heaven to Baudelaires River Styx, we explore how new scenes drive development. This
is an international project of 10 books and much in progress. Overviews and more international work are at
/www.tnc-newsletter.blogspot.com/ and http://scenescapes.weebly.com.

*Edward L. Glaeser, Jed Kolko, Albert Saiz, Consumer City, National Bureau of Economic Research, Working
Paper 7790, July 2000, www.nber.org/papers/w7790 Cities are for both production and consumption; non-market
transactions are sometimes more important than market transactions.

Richard Lloyd, Neo-Bohemia. London: Routledge. 2005. Ethnography of the main arts neighborhood in
Chicago, Wicker Park, and how artists made it hot; but prices rose so much that most artists had to move out.

Elizabeth Currid, The Warhol Economy (Princeton UP). Sensitive ethnography of NYC nightlife and how it spurs
contacts and artistic creativity in fashion, music, and art.

II. What Happened to the Power Elite? The Community Power Tradition: Weeks 3 and 4

*Max Weber, "Class, Status, and Power", in Willis Hawley and Frederick M. Wirt, eds., The Search for
Community Power, second edition, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1974, pp. 11-25. Leadership may
emerge from several distinct bases.

*Robert S. and Helen M. Lynd, "Middletown's X Family" in Hawley and Wirt, pp. 41-51. The American
radical/neo-Marxist roots of community power in the 1930s.

**Floyd Hunter, "Community Power Structure," in Hawley and Wirt, pp. 52-65. The classic business
dominance view, with a new method in the 1950s.

*Wallace Sayre and Herbert Kaufman, "Governing New York City," in Hawley and Wirt, pp. 79-86. Dispersed
influence - contrast with Caro's Great Man interpretation below.

*Edward C. Banfield, Political Influence, New York: Free Press, 1961, pp. 15-29, 159-262 (231). The classic on
Chicago politics and decision-making. How the first Mayor Daley did it all (or knew how to avoid problems).

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*Rowan Miranda, "Containing Cleavages: Parties and Other Hierarchies," in Terry Nichols Clark, ed., Urban
Innovation Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994, pp. 79-104. This tests the Chicago argument of Banfield and
others about a strong party suppressing spending using a national sample of US cities.

**Terry Nichols Clark, ed., Community Structure and Decision-Making. San Francisco and Chicago:
Chandler/SRA, 1968, pp. 15-23, 45-81, 91-126. This book shifted the focus of community power work from
case studies to comparative analyses, helping transcend the elitist-pluralist debate of Hunter and Dahl.

Exam 2ed session of Week 4, covers Parts I and II of Syllabus

III. Transformations in the Urban Context: the End of Government Growth, Cuts in Intergovernmental
Grants, Breakup of Class Politics and the Classic Left and Right: Week 5

*Aaron Wildavsky, Budgeting: A Comparative Theory of Budgetary Processes. New Brunswick, NJ:
Transaction Publishers, 1986, ch. 6, 182-218. While incrementalism and good government by city managers
served well in some cities through the early 60s, they fell in the wake of taxpayer's revolts, grant cuts, inflation,
and new rules of the game.

**Clark and Ferguson, City Money, chs. 5-7. Shows the emergence of black power, then militant unions and
other social movements in the early 70s, then the taxpayer's revolt and grant cuts in the late 70s. How each left
distinct impacts on city leadership and policies. And how historical periods can be quantitatively demarcated.
Paves the way to current trends and conflicts among such cultures.

**Rufus P. Browning, Dale Rogers Marshall, David H. Tabb, Protest is Not Enough. Berkeley: Univ of
California Press, 1984, pp. 37-43. Shows the fall of Bay Area city manager "non-partisanship" as blacks and
Hispanics mobilized with major impacts.

*Terry Nichols Clark, ed., Urban Innovation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994, pp. 1-78; 105-145. Identifies a
New Political Culture emerging in some cities, and contrasts it with class and race/ethnic politics.

Extra: Bowles, Samuel, and Gintis, Herbert. Democracy and Capitalism. 2nd ed. New York: Basic Books,
1987, pp. 14-26. A quasi-philosophy of new social movements.

IV. New Patterns of Leadership and Policy: Weeks 5 and 6

Perspectives

*Walter Benjamin, Paris, Capital of the Nineteenth Century, in The Arcades Project. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 1999, pp.14-26; for a close commentary on Benjamin see Rolf Tiedemann, Dialectics at a
Standstill, pp. 929-945. Starting from a Marxist perspective, Benjamin stresses that a continual search for new
forms of consumption (of fine umbrellas, hats, dresses, and more) drives urban growth and social conflict.

*Aaron Wildavsky, "A Cultural Theory of Leadership," in Bryan Jones, ed., Leadership and Politics. Lawrence,
Kansas: The University Press of Kansas, 1989, ch. 5, pp. 87-113. Placing leadership in a cultural context.

*Paul Schumaker, Critical Pluralism, Democratic Performance, and Community Power. Lawrence, KS:
University Press of Kansas, 1991. pp. 50-55, 60-67, 141-145. Two critical findings: 1. citizens support

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development, 2. support for development is a quite separate dimension from more common "liberal-
conservative" issues.

Contrasting Types of Cities and Leadership Patterns: Weeks 6-7

*Ferman, Barbara, Challenging the Growth Machine. Lawrence: The University Press of Kansas. 1996.Esp.
Chs. 1 and 8, pp. 1-18, 135-152. On why Chicago is different from Pittsburgh; her answers speak directly to
several big theoretical questions.

Extra. Steven Elkin, City and Regime in the American Republic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987, ch
4, pp. 61-82 on change in Dallas, business, and reform government.

Extra. Todd Swanstrom, The Crisis of Growth Politics. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1985. Ch. 10, pp.
225-252, 294-296. Cleveland: Mayors Kucinich and Voinovich, countering traditional growth strategies.

Extra. Terry Nichols Clark, ed., Trees and Real Violins: Building Post-Industrial Chicago, draft MS. Read
Introduction and scan chapters that interest you. The last chapter is The New Chicago School--
Not New York or LA, and Why It Matters for Urban Social Science.

Extra. Ferman, Barbara and William Grimshaw, "The Politics of Housing Policy," in Kenneth K. Wong and
Terry Nichols Clark, eds., Politics of Policy Innovation in Chicago, Research in Urban Policy, Vol. 4,
Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 103-128.

Extra. Robert Caro, The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York. New York: Alfred Knopf,
1974, pp. 926-928. A loose and colorful study that makes a strong argument. We will review some evidence to
see how convincing it is.

Extra. Donald Rosdil, "The Context of Radical Populism in US Cities," Journal of Urban Affairs, Vol. 13, 1991,
pp. 77-96. How a handful of radical or "progressive" mayors differ from the rest. Update is his book: The
Cultural Contradictions of Progressive Politics. NY: Routledge, 2013.

Extra. James Norquist, The Wealth of Cities. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1998, chs. 1-2, pp. 1-45. Strong
statement about new politics, featuring concrete local polices that mesh with global markets. Openly critical
of traditional welfare-state approaches that make cities dependent on higher governments. Many examples from
U.S. cities. Author is several-term Mayor of Milwaukee, the first major city to use school vouchers.

Extra. Harald Baldersheim, Michael Illner, Audun Offerdal, Lawrence Rose, and Pawel Swianciwicz, eds.,
Local Democracy and the Processes of Transformation in East-Central Europe. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1996,
esp. Ch 5, pp. 161-196. On radical privatization, defending the local welfare state, and other small questions,
drawn from our colleagues studying localities in Hungary, Poland, and the Czech and Slovak Republics. Other
chapters fill in other themes, but one chapter gives you a flavor of the situation.

Extra. Norman Walzer, ed., Local Economic Development. Boulder: Westview, 1995. The first book on local
development policies in countries around the world, esp. W. Europe, Russia, and the US. Results show marked
contrasts: where and why green-ecology issues rise is one area of dramatic differences. Like Baldersheim
volume, emerges from FAUI Project. Scan to see what themes interest you.

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Extra. Antonia Maria Ramirez, Clemente J. Navarro, Terry Nichols Clark. Mayors and Local Governing
Coalitions in Democratic Countries: A Cross-National Comparison. Local Government Studies, 34, 2, 147-178,
April 2008. Most extensive analysis to date on growth machine, business, political leadership for mayors across
Europe and US; extensive review of propositions and results from others.

V. Patterns of Urban Growth and Decline, and Ethnic Relations: Week 7

This section includes works from the Sociology Ph.D. preliminary exam, which are thus highly recommended
for Sociology Ph.D. students. Others can scan and read as they so choose. Consider all readings in this section
as Extra. The entire section is thus in italics.

Extra: The following readings are from Urban Patterns: Studies in Human Ecology (rev. ed., 1982), edited by
George A. Theodorson. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Burgess, Ernest W. "The Growth of the City: An Introduction to a Research Project." (pp. 35-41)
Hoyt, Homer. "The Patterns of Movement of Residential Rental Neighborhoods." (pp. 42-49)
Duncan, Otis Dudley. "From Social System to Ecosystem." (pp. 123-128) Firey, Walter. "Sentiment and
Symbolism as Ecological Variables." (pp. 129-136)

The following readings are from Metropolis: Center and Symbol of Our Times. 1995, edited by Philip Kasinitz.
New York: New York University Press.
Wirth, Louis. "Urbanism as a Way of Life." (pp. 58-82)
Simmel, Georg. "The Metropolis and Mental Life." (pp. 30-45)
Gans, Herbert. "Urbanism and Suburbanism as Ways of Life." (pp. 170-195)
Jacobs, Jane. "The Uses of Sidewalks." (pp. 111-129)

Fischer, Claude. 1981. Public and Private Worlds of City Life. American Sociological Review 46:306-316.

*------. 1995. The Subcultural Theory of Urbanism: A Twentieth-Year Assessment. American Journal of
Sociology 101: 543-577.

Wellman, Barry and Barry Leighton. 1979. "Networks, Neighborhoods, and Communities: Approaches to the
Study of the Community Question." Urban Affairs Quarterly 14:363-390.

Castells, Manuel. 1996. The Space of Flows, pp. 376-428 in The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford
Blackwell.

Baldassare, Mark. 1992. "Suburban Communities." Annual Review of Sociology 18:475-494.

Bryan S. Turner, "Cosmopolitan Virtue: Loyalty and the City" in Democracy, Citizenship, and the Global City,
edited by Engin F. Isin. London: Routledge, 2000, pp. 129-147.

Lieberson, Stanley, and Mary C. Walters. 1988. From Many Strands: Ethnic and Racial Groups in
Contemporary America. New York: Russell Sage, 1988, ch. 8, pp. 247-268.

Waters, Mary C. 1990. "Flux and Choice in American Ethnicity" (pp. 16-51), "Class, Neighborhood, and
Ethnicity" (pp. 90-114), "The Costs of a Costless Community" (pp. 147-168). In Ethnic Options: Choosing
Identities in America. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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Wilson, William Julius. 1987. The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press (chs. 1-3. pp.1-92).

Massey: Douglas. 1990. American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. American
Journal of Sociology 96: 329-357.

Portes, Alejandro, and Ruben G. Rumbaut. 1990. Immigrant America: A Portrait. Berkeley: University of
California Press. Ch. 3 (pp. 57-93), 7 (pp. 222-246).

Baldassare, Mark. 1992. "Suburban Communities." Annual Review of Sociology 18:475-494.

Castells, Manuel. 1996. "The Space of Flows," pp. 376-428 in The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford
Blackwell.

Dear, Michael. March 2002. "Los Angeles and the Chicago School: Invitation to a Debate." City and
Community 1:1 5-33.

Ellen, Ingrid Gould. 2001. Sharing America's Neighborhoods: The Prospects for Stable Racial Integration.
Harvard University Press . Chapters 2, 3, pp. 12-59.

Goering, John and Judith Feins. 2005. Choosing a Better Life? Evaluating the Moving to Opportunity Social
Experiment. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press. Chapters 1, 4, and 11.

Lefebrve, Henri. 2000. "The Specificity of the City." Chapter 7 in Writings on Cities. Cambridge: Blackwell.

Quillian, L., and D. Pager. 2001. "Black neighbors, higher crime? The role of racial stereotypes in evaluations
of neighborhood crime." American Journal of Sociology 107(3): 717-67.

Sampson, Robert J., Jeffrey D. Morenoff and Thomas Gannon-Rowley. 2002. "Assessing Neighborhood
Effects: Social Processes and New Directions in Research." Annual Review of Sociology 28:443-478.

VI. Economic Development Impacts: Weeks 8 and 9

Extra. Logan, John, and Harvey Molotch. 1987. Urban Fortunes. Berkeley: University of California Press. Ch.
1, pp. 1-12; ch. 3 recommended. Scan for their theory stressing markets, business leadership, and maximizing
land value.
Extra: Logan, John R., Rachel Bridges Whaley, Kyle Crowder. 1997. "The Character and Consequences of the
Growth Regimes: An Assessment of 20 Years of Research," Urban Affairs Review, 32, 5 (May):
603-630. Seriously questions the adequacy of regimes and growth machines in explaining urban
development, nods toward slow growth and consumption dynamics.

Extra. Edward G. Goetz, "Type II Policy and Mandated Benefits in Economic Development," Urban Affairs
Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 2, Oct 1990, pp. 170-190.

Extra. Richard Feiock, "The Effects of Economic Development Policy on Local Economic Growth," American
Journal of Political Science, Vol. 35, No. 3, August 1991, pp. 643-655.

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Arts and Culture in Urban Development

Carl Grodach and Daniel Silver, Eds., The Politics of Urban Cultural Policy. Routledge, 2012. Full book free at
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33085

T.N. Clark et al. Can Tocqueville Karaoke? How the Arts and Culture Can Transform Politics and the
Economy. Research in Urban Policy, 157-220, book listed above.

Ann Markusen, Greg Shock, Matina Cameron, The Artistic Dividend Revisited, 2004 Humphrey School PDF.
Explores ways to capture impacts of the arts and culture on development with mainly Census data.

Mark Stern et al, Univ of Pennsylvania, suggest, focusing especially on low income and minority areas, that
more development occurs in neighborhoods with more cultural activities. www.sp2.upenn.edu/siap, esp.
Working Paper #17

Terry Nichols Clark with Richard Lloyd, Kenneth K. Wong, and Pushpam Jain, Amenities Drive Urban
Growth: A New Paradigm and Policy Linkages, in Clark, ed. The City as an Entertainment Machine, ch. 12, pp
291-322.

*Review from above Clark et al. Can Tocqueville Karaoke? How the Arts and Culture Can Transform Politics
and the Economy. Research in Urban Policy, Glaeser et al Consumer City and Richard Florida, Rise of the
Creative Class, Smart cities compete less for jobs and more for talented residents. How? With amenities like
bike paths. Bowling alleys correlate with urban population decline!

Extra. Lois Wille, At Home in the Loop. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996. Ch 15, pp. 185-
201.Chicagas worst slums are gone; the most dangerous, dirtiest, neighborhoods are in rapid transformation.
Why and how? A sharp look at the miracle? of Chicagos Near South Side in the last decade; how did it ever
occur?

Extra. Gerald D. Scuttles, The Man-Made City. Chicago: Univ of Chicago Press, 1990, pp 122-133. Chicago:
city of big projects. Considers bigger projects in years before Lois Willes book.

Extra. Anthony M. Orum, Power, Money & the People. Austin: Texas Monthly Press, 1987. pp. 312-315, 338-
341. A wild-west development boom in the 1980s in Austin, Texas: note the two distinct sources. Contrast with
huge changes in Floridas account of Austin.

Exam and Paper Alternatives for the Course

To provide more flexibility to students, four alternatives are open. You can: 1) only write a paper; 2) do the
paper and midterm; 3) paper and final or 4) do the paper, midterm and final 5) only midterm and final (no
paper). Each option uses a different set of weights for the final grade, as shown. You will learn most if you
choose option 4, which is recommended but not required for all. Option 1 is open only to graduate students or
undergraduates upon special petition (prepare a short note). Submit a petition and reason in writing or email to
TN Clark and the TA if you propose an alternative.

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If mom requires a B average, and you are worried, give us a note, and we can give you a B or better, or instead
of a letter grade, an R or P, if you dont quite reach a B after we grade all exams. Keep mom happy!

You can always do a memo or two, or a short paper that will only improve your grade, the amount depending no
how much work you do. More products from you will only be evaluated n a way that ratchets up your grade, so
when in doubt do more.

Other grade options: A for audit or R for registration credit only (no requirements), or P for Pass, for which you
must complete at least two exams or a paper, or all three. It is acceptable to give the instructors a note indicating
that you would like us to record a letter grade, for instance, of B- or better, or a P if the letter grade would be
below B-.

% Weight for final grade class/and or Chalk Discussion Board participation=10% in all options

Class &
Midterm Final Paper Chalk
1. paper only 90 10
2. paper and midterm 30 60 10
3. final and paper 30 60 10
4. midterm & final 40 50 10
5. paper, midterm & final 25 30 35 10

Test Format

The midterm and final exams will be distributed via UChicago email to your University email address. The exam will be distributed in
Adobe PDF format. Students will complete the test in a Microsoft Word (or compatible) document and saved as a .doc, .docx or .rtf
document. At the end of the test period, students will email the Word document to the Professor and the TA(s). Exams will contain two
parts: a short answer (identification) section and an essay. Directions for the test will be given to students several days ahead of the
tests.

Final Exam
The final exam will be held the Wednesday March 15 from 4-6 PM CST.
Make-up Exam
There will be no make-up exam for the midterm. In lieu of a make-up Final, there will be an Early Final exam open for students who
wish to take it. The early final will be given out to registered students immediately after the last class of the quarter (Wednesday Week
10). Details will be posted on Chalk in Week 3. Students who are due to graduate at the end of Winter Quarter contingent on passing
this class should prepare to take this earlier exam.
Course Paper.
Student who are approved to complete course papers will be graded on their course paper and a BRIEF (5 minute) Powerpoint or Prezi
presentation that highlights the key ideas of their paper. Presenters will then field questions from the class for 5-7 minutes. These
presentations will be due in Week 10.
Final papers are due Wednesday of Tenth Week. Please email copies to both Prof Clark and the TA. Optional: Leave two hardcopies
in the Sociology Department, 3rd Floor, Social Science Research Bldg.

Please submit a copy of your paper to keep on file for future students. Many past papers are available now. A list of titles is available
to help you review past topics. If you prefer not to make your paper available, please inform us on the top of the paper when you
submit it.

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Extra Credit Memos

For extra credit points for the midterm and final, students can write brief topic memos (3-5 pages double spaced) on a topic related to
this course. Students may complete up to two (2) memos ahead of each test. Each memo is worth 5/100 points, so 2 completed memos
can yield up to 10 points on each exam. These memos will be the primary way for you to earn the grade you want in addition to keep
up with the readings and participating in class discussion. Memos for midterm extra credit are due ahead of the midterm; memos for
final exam extra credit are due on Wednesday of Week 10.

Dates for Winter 2017 Fall:

Midterm: Thursday Wednesday of the 4th week-January 25-,- covers Parts I and II of Syllabus

Paper proposal (about 1 page) due: Thursday Wednesday of the 35th week

Paper outline (about 10 pages) due: Thursday Wednesday of 7th week

Paper due Tuesday Monday of Tenth Week.

The class on Tue Wednesday of Tenth Week, will be a question and answer session reviewing the whole
course.

The final exam: usually Thursday of Tenth Week,Wednesday March 15, 2017, covers all parts of the course.

Please submit a copy of your paper that (normally, unless you prefer not) we can keep on file for future
students. It is best to submit hard copies to both instructors as well as sending email attachments (preferably
in MS Word) to both. Selected past papers on the Chalk course site.

The Course Paper

Two Options are available. For both we suggest preparing a one page outline for reactions by the
instructors before you undertake the bulk of the work on the paper.
Option 1 - Broad Topic Possible. The paper should in some way build on the material in the course, but
in Option 1 we are relatively broad and tolerant in topic selection. Papers may be as different as analyzing a
single concept in depth (like urban amenities and how they impact development), contrasting two cities
concerning how their leaderships operate, or assessing how the course readings help address a particular issue
of concern to you, like urban development in Japan.
Option 2 - More Focused Paper. One key lesson of this course is to consider social context--an
important lesson for both social science and general education. Many generalizations are sometimes correct,
e.g. for one city: businessmen comprise a coherent power elite, blacks support radical politics, class conflict
has disappeared, etc. To support or oppose such generalization, debaters typically look for dramatic supporting
cases and ignore exceptions. By contrast, social science is in principle committed to generalized explanations,
which implies the necessity of linking single cases to more general patterns.
To achieve these goals in this course, we include readings from case studies of single cities,
comparative studies of many cities, and studies that join the two. Could your paper should join the two?
Yes if you choose some phenomenon, topic, or policy area that can be studied 1. in Chicago and 2.
using some of the national (or occasionally international) urban data that we have available. For example,
what is the impact of different media on urban development decisions? This can be studied through reviewing
past work on Chicago (esp. books on this reading list) to form your own analytical perspective and to see what
they say about the press, reading some newspapers to see what evidence they may provide about their role in
some decisions, interviews with some thoughtful informants, plus any other creative method you can think of.
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Then you can analyze the impact of the press on economic development decisions using one or more of the
comparative urban data sets below.
Think about starting with a bit of exploratory ethnography around Chicago or a place you know well
already e.g. if you had a summer job in a mayors office. Think about how to join it to some core ideas in the
course. How can you challenge or extend what others have written? How about citizens and social media and
how they differ internationally? Maybe think of some meetings you could attend and make some video shots.
These could start with a memo and go on to a paper, or not. Your choice.
1. Urban Amenities / Scenes Project. These are data from Scenescapes and 9 other books that we
discuss in the first course section. One update is adding the 2016 Trump/Clinton election results to local areas
data. Wonderfully rich information is available from electronic yellow pages, downloads of websites, many
creative compilations, plus Census and other standard sources. We encourage you to take advantage of these
new, challenging materials. It is fine to combine them with other sources like news papers or ethnographic
materials. More details will be discussed in class. Many data files are on the Chalk course site that you can
explore with Excel, Spss or other programs. The Yellow pages and bizzip are basics via Excel, while
Merge34.DS in Spss (or for Stata, R, etc.) has about 2500 variables used in Scenescapes.
2. Fiscal Austerity and Urban Innovation Project files. Questionnaire similar to that at the end of Clark
and Ferguson, City Money (the actual questionnaires are published in Susan Clarke, ed., Urban Innovation
and Autonomy. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1990.) Questionnaires and information about the survey are also on
the FAUI web site: www.src.uchicago.edu/depts/faui. Key variables are on files Core40.sys, Core50.sys, and
Mayor4.sys for US data. A key composite file is NPC67.sys. Pooled international data are summarized in The
International Mayor. These data can be downloaded over the Internet from our FTP site (not the website); ask
for specifics.
3. Goetz urban development survey, with focus on "linked development"- see his UAQ paper and anti-
growth movements; careful, N is low for further analysis
4. California League of Cities survey of growth management and controls. Probably to use as adjunct
to other national surveys as this is just California, but Cal is great place to survey growth control.
5. Feiock economic development survey - in his paper above - but probably this is less appropriate for
most purposes than the others.
6. Schumaker survey of new social movements and other pressures on local government agencies
7. General Social Survey of US citizens on wide range of issues
8. World Values Survey of citizens in some 20 countries
Past examples of student papers are on Chalk. Many of the books for the course started with student
papers. Some used these same sources you can build on in new way, if you like.
You can work individually or with other students on either the Chicago portion or the
national/international analysis, in conducting your fieldwork and data analysis, as well as in writing the paper.
But if you write together, be very explicit about the role of each in the overall project. It is probably easier for
this reason to work together closely if you so choose, but to write separate course papers.
No prior knowledge of computers or these programs is required as a course prerequisite, but if you
have no experience to date, working with other students who have more experience should help.
In past years, some students have chosen to prepare a major paper (BA, MA, etc.) starting with this
course. To facilitate such work, if you like you may register for another course in Winter or Spring, and use the
paper for the grade. E.g. Global Local Politics or Political Sociology.
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Short Paper/Memo: The normal paper is about 20 pages double spaced, but you may also submit a
series of memos, commenting on readings or any topics related to the course, or a shorter paper (such as 10
pages), if you also take the exams. Send us tentative topic/outline in advance for feedback if you want to do
short paper or memos.
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