Chemicals in Action

Activity A. Chemical Reactions

Pg. 108-109
- KMT: KMT (Kinetic Molecular Theory) is a theory stating that all matter is made up of
particles in continuous random motion; temperature is a measure of the average speed of
the particles.
- Collision-reaction theory: A theory stating that chemical reactions involve collisions
and rearrangements of atoms or groups of atoms, and that the outcome of these collisions
depends on the energy and the orientation of the collisions.

Reaction Type Generic Equation Example

Synthesis A + B AB H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) 2HCl (g)
Decomposition AB A + B CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2
(g)
Single Displacement A + BC AC + B Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq)
FeSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
Double Displacement AB + CD AD + CB AgNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq)
AgCl (s) + KNO3 (aq)
Combustion AB + Oxygen Common CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) CO2 (g)
oxides of A and B + 2H2O (g)

- An incomplete combustion (Carbon monoxide instead of carbon dioxide) is when there is

not enough oxygen to allow the fuel to react completely with the oxygen to produce
carbon dioxide and water.

Notes:
Pg. 111 read
Pg. 113 - # 5-7

5. a) Four changes that can be used as evidence of chemical change include:

1. Change in colour
2. Production of gas
3. Change in temperature
4. New substance formed
b) Examples of the evidence of chemical change in everyday life:
1. Change in colour rusting of metal overtime
2. Production of gas Explosion of fireworks
3. Change in temperature Hand warmers produce heat from chemicals when exposed to air
4. New substance is formed Combustion when chemicals react and there is a release of energy

6. a) Reactant: The substances that combine in a chemical reaction

b) Product: The substances that are formed during a chemical change
c) Coefficient: A whole number indicating that the ratio of molecules or formula units of each
substance is involved in a chemical reaction
d) Balanced: Each side of a chemical equation must represent the same quantity of the
particular element

7. a) H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O (g) Balanced

b) 2 NaOH (aq) + Cu(ClO3)2 (aq) Cu(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaClO3 (aq) Balanced
c) Pb (s) + AgNO3 (aq) Ag (s) + Pb (NO3)2 (aq) Not Balanced
Pb (s) + 2 AgNO3 (aq) 2 Ag (s) + Pb (NO3)2 (aq) Now Balanced
d) 2 NaHCO3 (s) Na2CO3 (s) + CO2 + H2O (l) Balanced

Pg. 126- 128

#3
3. a) Zn (s) + CuCl2 (aq) Cu (s) + ZnCl2 (aq)
b) Br2 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) NR
c) Pb (s) + HCl (aq)
d) Cl2 (aq) + NaI (aq) I2 (aq) + NaCl (aq)
e) Ca (s) + H2O (s) H2 (s) + CaO (l)
f) Au (s) + ZnSO4 (aq) NR
g) Sn (s) + AgNO2 (aq) Ag (s) + SnNO3 (aq)
h) Al (s) + H2O (l) H2 (s) + AlO (l)
i) Br2 (aq) + MgI2 (aq) I2 (aq) + BrMg (aq)
Pre-Lab Prediction:
Least Reactive to Most Reactive:
Ag (Silver)
Cu (Copper)
Pb (Lead)
Sn (Tin)
Ni (Nickel)

2. Sn
Ni
Cu