Part 6: Hypothesis Tests

Class Data Set: skittles data Spring 2017.xlsx

Entire Project (only Part 6 is due now): Skittles Term Project.pdf

Submit a paper that includes the following:

Explain in general the purpose and meaning of a hypothesis test. (4 points)

A hypothesis test is a procedure for testing a claim about a property of a

population. The purpose of a hypothesis test is to find out the probability that a
specific hypothesis is accurate
A hypothesis test examines two opposing hypotheses about a population: the null
hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis is the statement
being tested indicating no change, effect, difference or relationship in the
population. The alternative hypothesis is the statement that you are trying to find
evidence to support. Based on the sample data, the test determines whether to
reject the null hypothesis.

Using values for the class data that you computed in Part 2 of the project and a 0.05
significance level, test the claim that 20% of all Skittles candies are red. Show all the
steps (neatly written and scanned, typed, or copied from StatCrunch) including:
the hypotheses with correct notation (4 points)
H0:P=.20
H1:P=.20
the conditions for performing the hypothesis test, along with checking that they
are methint: they are not all met! (5 points)
Simple Random Sample-This requirement was not met because our entire class
was assigned to purchase a bag of skittles we did not use chance or an objective
device to select people to purchase bags of skittles from the population to be
included in the sample. This was a convenience sample.

np(1-p) 10 3228(.20)(1-.20)=516.48 10
3228 Total skittles 662 Red skittles
 n<.05N The sample size of 3228 skittles is less than all of the skittles in the
population.
the test statistic (2 points)
Calc> Stat>Tests>1-PropZTest ( 0 : .2, X : 662, N = 3228, P rop :=/ p0 )
z0=.7216
the p-value (2 points)
Calc> Stat>Tests>1-PropZTest ( 0 : .2, X : 662, N = 3228, P rop :=/ p0 )
P=.4705
the appropriate decision about the null hypothesis and an appropriate conclusion
(4 points)
P=.4705 which is greater than .05 We do not reject the null hypothesis because
there is insufficient evidence to conclude that h1 is true.There is insufficient
evidence to conclude that the proportion of red skittles does not equal .20

Also describe the Type I and Type II errors for this test. (8 points)
Type I Error- Would conclude that the proportion of red skittles is not equal to .20
when it really is.
Type II Error- Would be that we fail to conclude that the proportion of red skittles
does not equal .20 when the proportion really does not equal .20.
Using values for the class data that you computed in Part 2 of the project and a 0.01
significance level, test the claim that the mean number of candies in a bag of Skittles is
more than 58. Show all the steps (neatly written and scanned, typed, or copied from
StatCrunch) including:
the hypotheses with correct notation (4 points)
H0: = 58
H1: > 58
the conditions for performing the hypothesis test, along with checking that they
are methint: they are not all met! (5 points)
The sample is obtained using a simple Random Sample or from a randomized
experiment.This requirement was not met because our entire class was assigned to
purchase a bag of skittles we did not use chance or an objective device to select
people. This is a convenience sample.
 The sample has no outliers and comes from a normal population
The sample values values are independent of each other n .05N
the test statistic (2 points)
Calc>Stats>Tests>T-Test
( 0 : 58, X =59.78 ,S x= 2.2 ,n= 54 , > 0)
t = 5.929
the p-value (2 points)
Calc>Stats>Tests>T-Test
( 0 : 58, X =59.78 ,S x= 2.2 ,n= 54 , > 0)
P=.0000
the appropriate decision about the null hypothesis and an appropriate conclusion
(4 points)
The logical decision is to reject the null hypothesis becuase .0000<0.01
There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean number of skittles per bag
is more than 58
Also interpret the p-value for this test. (4 points)
If the mean number of skittles in a bag is 58 then the probability of getting a
sample mean is 59.78 or more is .0000