CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Community exposure became another way for health care providers to expand
the scope of health care services to the community. It has been practice for many
decades that heath care providers must not only stay at the hospitals and/or clinics, but
also must able to reach to the communities most especially those that are merely have
inaccessibility to health care services. Through this, it has helped maintain health and
wellness of the individual member of community and improved quality life.
Mostly, health care providers must also able to identify risk or problems within the
communitys environment that can affect the maintenance of health. According to Hung
Y. Fan, et.al., in his book entitled Community Health Nursing, community health nurses
often emphasize primary prevention activities that address environmental health
because many environmentally induced illnesses are preventable through risk
management activities. Community health nurses often conduct a systematic review of
risks known as quantitative risk assessment. Risk is the probability of injury, diseases, or
death for individuals or populations exposed to hazardous substances.
He added that community health nurses often participate in exposure
assessments following the development of a case or suspected cluster of diseases. Also
they often called to conduct comprehensive exposure assessments in homes or
occupational settings. Strong interview, observation, and family assessment skills are
needed by nurses to collect theses data in a clear and systematic manner. Clues to
potential solutions to environmental risks may occur during the course of community or
home assessments.
On the other hand, family Assessment became another way to evaluate a certain
family and its members on how they support and provide in order to maintain individual
health and wellness and also how they contribute to the development of each member
as an individual in the society. Also, it aims to recognize the familys concerns that might
bring great impact on each individual members wellbeing.
The Early Childhood Technical Assistance Center (2013) described family
assessment where in family members are invited to share information, on a voluntary
basis, to help service providers understand their concerns, priorities and resources
related to supporting their child's development and learning and any other issues the
family may want help to address. Identifying the family concerns and priorities helps the
 CHAPTER II
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Geography
Mintal is situated in Davao Del sure, Region 11, Philippines. Its geographical
coordinates are 7 5 35 North and 125 30 8 East. Its land areas is 300,000 kilometer
square. The barangay is bounded by Catalunan Grande in the east, Catalunan
Pequeno and Bago Oshiro on the south, and Mulig Manambulan anf Tagakpan on the
north.

Topography

Natural and Physical Characteristics

Mintal indeed is a locality filled with rich culture coming from roots of its profound
history. Mintal, flourished and was the first place in Davao to be known as Little Tokyo
characterized mainly by its progress in the fields of agriculture, industry and commerce.
 CHAPTER III
A. FAMILY STRUCTURE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND DYNAMICS

Family Members Age Sex Civil Relationship Position Residece of each

Statu to the head in the family member
s of the family family
1. Amihan, Bartolome Jr. 41 M Deceased
y/o
2. Amihan, Joenalyn C. 38 F W 1
y/o
3. Amihan, Joven C. 15 M S S 2
y/o
Purok 2, Tapay St.,
4. Amihan, Khevin Jay C. 13 M S S 3
Mintal, Davao city
y/o
5. Amihan, James Llyod C. 10 M S S 4
y/o
6. Amihan, Je Anne C. 8 y/o F S D 5
7. Conde, Cloe J. 7 y/o F S Adopted-D 6

Descriptive Essay:

The Amihan Family is currently living at Purok 2, Tapay St., Brgy. Mintal, Davao
city. The familys first house was built near the main road of Brgy. Mintal and they
transferred at Tapay St., because Mr. Bartolome Amihans mother who is gave the lot to
him.
Mr. Bartolome Amihan, Jr. died at the age of 44 years old due to Hypertension
last August 1, 2015. The widowed wife of Mr. Bartolome was Mrs. Joenalyn Conde
Amihan, 38 years old. She was left to take care of their 4 biological offspring and one
adopted daughter. She was also the one who is dominant in terms of decision-making,
especially in matters of health care even when Mr. Bartolome was still alive. Their eldest
son was Joven C. Amihan is 15 years old. Next is Khevin Jay C. Amihan who is already
13 years of age. James Lloyd C. Amihan was the third son and is already 10 years of

CHPATER IV
B. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
 Highest
Family Member Education Occupation Income Place of work
Completed
Elementary
1. Amihan, Bartolome Jr. Level Deceased

2. Amihan, Joenalyn C. High School Bread Seller 250 (everyday); Relocation Area of
monthly Php Brgy. Mintal
7500

3. Amihan, Joven C. Grade 8 Part-time 250 (every Tugbok

farm boy Sunday)

4. Amihan, Khevin Jay C. Grade 7 N/A N/A N/A

5. Amihan, James Lloyd C. Grade 3 N/A N/A N/A

6. Amihan, Je Anne C. Grade 2 N/A N/A N/A

7. Conde, Cloe Jovita Kinder 2 N/A N/A N/A

CHAPTER V
C. HOME AND ENVIRONMENT

1. Housing
Housing is one if the traditional areas of concern for public health, though it has
been relatively neglected over recent decades. But housing is important for many
 aspects of healthy living and well-being. The home is important for psychological
reasons as well as its protection against the elements, but it can also bet the source
of wide range of hazards (physical, chemical, biological). It is the environment in
which most people spend the majority of their time. A significant development in
recent years has been the development of the Housing Health and significant
development in recent years has been the development of the Housing Health and
Safety Rating System which provides a health-based assessment of housing-related
hazards. Increasingly in unstable economic conditions, the affordability of housing
and the potential for the individuals to lose their home because of debts.

The total floor area of the Amihan familys house is 19.2 sq. m. Their multi-purpose
room which is the living room is usually used by 5 children and is adequate or not
crowded. The house has three (3) rooms. The Room 2 is occupied by Joven and
Khevin Jay Amihan. After the computation of Total space requirement and compared to
the Total Floor Area, the result was not crowded. Room 2 is just enough for the two
person. Room 1 is currently occupied by Mrs. Amihan herself and the rest of her
offspring and her adopted daughter. After the computation the room was not and is just
enough for the 4 person. Room 3 was not occupied since the one who use to occupy
the room who is their grandfather has transferred to the house of one of their relatives.
Their multi-purpose room which their living room was sometimes used as their resting
place and all of the family members are able to use the place. After computation, the
room turned out to be not crowded and is enough for the 6 members of the Amihan
family.
According to James Krieger and Donna L. Higgins of American Public Health
Association (2002), poor housing conditions are associated with a wide range of health
conditions, including respiratory infections, asthma, lead poisoning, injuries, and
mental health. Addressing housing issues offers public health practitioners an

CHAPTER VI
D. HEALTH STATUS OF EACH FAMILY MEMBER

1. Current Significant Illnesses (last 6 months)

 Name Current Treatment Person Hospitalization
Significant Applied Consulted (Date/MD/Name
Illnesses/ of the hospital)
Diseases
(health
complaint)
1. Amihan, Joenaly C. Lower back pain Exercise N/A N/A
2. Amihan, Joven C. N/A N/A N/A N/A

3. Amihan, Kheven Jay Leg pain Massage N/A N/A

C.
4. Amihan, James N/A N/A N/A N/A
Lloyd C.
5. Amihan, Je Anne C. Foot and mouth Take Dr. N/A
disease medicine Villanuevea
6. Conde, Cloe J. Suffered muscle Massage N/A N/A
pain

Descriptive essay:

According to Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2003), Health status is a holistic
concept that is determined by more than the presence or absence of any disease. It is often
summarized by life expectancy or self-assessed health status, and more broadly includes
measures of functioning, physical illness, and mental wellbeing.
The table represents the health status of each member of Amihan family. The mother,
Mrs. Joenlyn Amihan has been experiencing back pain for two months now. She said, this
may be due to her work which is selling bread that includes standing for most of the time but
at the same time she is also worried that she might have complications in her kidney and for
her to prevent and reduce the pain she is experiencing, she exercises and as much as

CHPATER VII
PROBLEM PRESENTATION

Cues/Data Family Diagnosis

Single-parent
Mrs. Joenalyn Amihan is a widowed
1. Inability to make decisions with
wife; she was the only one supporting
respect to taking appropriate
her 5 children and providing their
health action due to failure to
 needs; death of husband. breakdown problems into
manageable units.
2. Inability to recognize the
magnitude of the problem and
its effects towards individual
health.

Low income
1. Inability to make decisions with
Mrs. Joenalyn Amihan is a high school
respect to taking appropriate
graduate; did not attend any programs
actions due to lack of
of any department or institution of the
knowledge or insight as to
government such as TESDA that help
alternative courses of action
low-waged and/or unemployed
opens to them.
individuals to improve livelihood status; a. Lack of knowledge on
her daily salary is Php 250.00. community services.

Open drainage as health threat:

The familys waste water from their 1. Inability to provide a home
kitchen sinks flows through a small environment conducive to
pipe then to a canal. health maintenance and
personal development due to
inadequate financial resources
specifically financial resources.

CHAPTER VIII
PRIORITIZATION
Single-parent

Criteria Computation Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of the
3/3 x 1 1 It is a wellness potential under
problem
readiness for enhanced capability
 because based on the clients
performances and competencies with
expression of clients desire to
achieve higher level of state on
health promotion and maintenance.
It that does not require immediate
attention.

2. Modifiability of 2/2 x 2 2 The problem is easily modifiable

the problem since the Mrs. Amihan has the
knowledge to enhance her condition
and since the health providers
resources are available; she can help
Mrs. Amihan on effective managing
of time in order for her to take care
her 5 five children; she can also help
the other members of the family to
develop skills for them to help Mrs.
Amihan in the daily chores and other
responsibilities within the house.

3. Preventive
3/3 x 1 1 Developing other members skills on
Potential
helping Mrs. Amihan in other
responsibilities within the house will:
CHAPTER IX
FAMILY CARE PLAN

Malnutrition

Goal:
The school-aged members of the family will increase their weight by at least 1-2 lb. per
month after the intervention.
Objectives:
The family will be able to know the nature and extent of the condition.
The family will be able to feed the family members according to prescribe quality and
quantity of food.
 The family will be able to apply all the measures to prevent imminent infection in the
malnourished members.

Hypertension

Goals:
The family member will be able to maintain normal blood pressure at least between
120/80 and 110/70.
Objectives:
The family will have the knowledge on the nature and magnitude of the condition.
The family will be able to know different healthy habits to maintain normal blood
pressure.
The family will be able to avoid eating unhealthy foods that can cause for the
condition to worsen.

Inadequate rest and sleep

Goals:
The family member will have at least 7-8 hours of sleep a day and can possibly
have a half to one hour of rest per day.

CHAPTER X

CONCLUSION
The Amihan family is currently living at Barangay Mintal, Davao city. The family is
composed of 7 members before the death of one family member and who is also the
head of the family, Mr. Bartolome Amihan, Jr. He died due to unattended abnormal
increase of blood pressure or hypertension. Now, the family was left to Mrs. Joenalyn
Amihan to take care with 5 children. The youngest among her offspring is Joven Amihan,
15 years of age, next is Kheven Jay Amihan, aged 13 years old, James Lloyd, 10 years,
Je Anne who is 8 years and lasty, Cloe Conde, 7 years old and the adopted daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Amihan. Due to the loss of Mrs. Joenlyns husband, her family can now be
considered as a single-parent family. She receives Php 250.00 a day as a bread seller
of a bakery shop located at Barangay Mintal just adjacent to Camella Homes
subdivision. Her income is so low that sometimes not enough to support the needs of
her family. She is also currently experiencing great stress due to the death of her
husband, role changes within the family and other family problems such as Joven
change of physical and psychological changes which is adolescence, Due to great
stress, her health is at risk because it may worsen her hypertension and she is already
experiencing inadequate rest and sleep. She was diagnosed with hypertension when
she was 30 years old and it is said that too much stress that would certainly can cause
for blood pressure to increase.
Meanwhile, her sons, Joven, Kheven Jay and James Lloyd have normal Body
Mass Index (BMI) and are fortunate to not have experience severe diseases and/ or
infections for the past six months. Partly because Joven and Kheven are part of ta
football team of Mintal Comprehensive National High School. According to Marlana Jean
Shile and Katie Howard of Sutter Health, playing sports helps you stay in shape, teaches
you how to organize your time, boosts friendships, and builds relationships with your
peers and adults. Through athletics, you gain skills that can best be acquired on a court,
track, or field and participating in sports improves your health in many ways. To be a
good athlete, you must take care of yourself. This gets you thinking about what to eat
and how to treat your body to achieve peak performance levels. However, her two young
girls are underweight are currently experiencing malnutrition, especially Cloe. Cloe has
a3rd degree malnutrition. Due to Mrs. Joenalyns work, she cant fully monitor what the
younger ones eat because she leaves the house early. She prepares them packed lunch