DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCES (M ATHEM ATICS)

Assignment No. 3
Title of Co urse: Discrete Structures
Course Code: AML4209
Topic Name: Logics , Lattice n Boolean

1. If you play golf during a thunderstorm, youll get hit by lightning. You didnt get hit by
lightning. Therefore, you didnt play golf during a thunderstorm
2. If I am literate, then I can read and write. I can read but I cant write. Thus, I am not literate.
3. Simplify the given expression
A(A + B) + (B + AA)(A + B)
4. The card you picked is either a Jack, a Queen or a King. The card you picked is not a
Jack. Therefore, the card you picked is either a Queen or a King.
5. Consider the following conditional statement:
If the flood destroy my house or the fires destroy my house, then my insurance company will
pay me.
Write the converse, inverse and contrapositive of the statement.
6. Prove that D48 is a lattice.
7. Prove the Boolean expression:
( ) ( ~) (~ ) =
8. Find the Boolean expression for the following system:

9. Write Boolean expression for switching Circuits

10. Simplify the given expression

. . + . .
+ . . + . .
11. Is D42 is complemented lattice?
12. Which of the following subsets of Lattice L represented by the Hasse diagram below are
sublattices of L? Justify your answer.
L1={0,a,b,1}, L2={0,a,e,1}, L3={a,c,d,1}, L4={0,c,d,1} ?

13. Is {S18, , v,, /, 18} Boolean algebra? Explain the reason.

14. Are the following lattices or not?Explain.

15. Find maximal, minimal, greatest(Last/Unit) element and least(First/Zero) element in

the following posets:

16. Prove or disprove the following equivalence,

~ p qp~ qq~ p
17. The following hasse diagrams represent the various focal points in Chandigarh. Help a person
to design his tour by finding maximal, minimal, greatest(Last/Unit) element and
least(First/Zero) element in the following posets:

5 4 c
g e c e
3 d
b b d
2 1 b c
a a

18. A student has used following commands in his program as an arguments.

Rhombus R is a square or a parallelogram.
Rhombus R is a parallelogram.
Therefore, Rhombus R is not a Square.
Determine whether the argument is valid. Justify your answer.
19. Draw Hasse Diagram of Relation R on A.
Where A={ 1,2,3,4,5} and

20. Find the atoms of D30, D42, Boolean Algebra B={(0,0),(1,0),(0,1),(1,1)}.

21. Write the Boolean expression for the following circuits

22. Consider the following open propositions over the universe

U 4,2, 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10
(): 4 , (): 2 = 25,R(x) :is a multiple of 2.
Find the truth values of
(i) ()()
(ii) ()[ ()]
23. Find the converse , inverse and contrapositive of the statement If 8x-2=14 then x=2
24. Simplify the given expression
AB + (AC) + ABC(AB+ C)
25. Consider the following argument and determine whether it is valid.Either I will get good
marks or I will not graduate. If I did not graduate I will go to Canada. I get good marks. Thus, I
would not go to Canada.
26. Translate the following into symbolic form and test the validity of the argument:
If 6 is even then 2 does not divide 7. Either 5 is not prime or 2 divides 7. But 5 is prime,
therefore, 6 is odd.
27. From the following formulae, find out tautology, contingency and contradiction.
a) ( )
b) ( ) ( )
c) ( ) ( )
28. Let L be a bounded distributive Lattice, then show that if compliment of an element in L exists
then it is unique.
29. What are the different types of quantifiers? Explain in brief. Show that
() (() ()) () () ()()
30. Output 1s appear in the truth table for these input conditions : ABCD = 0001; ABCD = 0110 ;
ABCD = 1110; Find the Sum of Products Equation.
31. Design a circuit (Given 3 inputs) which gives a high input when there is even number of low
inputs.
32. a) Write out the operations tables for {B22, -, , }
b) Draw the Hasse Diagram for {B22, -, , }
c) Find the atoms of this Boolean Algebra.
33. Let A={0,1} and f: A2 A , be defined by f(x,y) = (x y )v( x' y )v( x y ' )v( x' y ' ) i.e. f is in
complete DN form. Determine all values of f(x,y) where x,y A .
34. Construct the circuit given by the following function f = (a b' )v(a 'b) .
35. Construct a Boolean function of three variables , and that has an out put when exactly two
of the , , having values 0 and an out put 0 in all other cases.
36. Draw logic circuit diagrams for the following
i. ( + )( + )( + )
ii. +
37. Draw a 3 input circuit which gives a high input when there is even number of low inputs.
38. Represent the Boolean expression ( + )( + )( + ) with the help of NOR gate only.
39. Simplify: ( + )( + ) + +
40. In a Boolean algebra which of the following is not an atom
a) {2}
b) {18}
c) {2,18}
d) All of them
41. In D24, let the relation / (divide) be a partial ordering on D24.
a) Find all lower bounds of 8 and 12
b) Find glb of 8 and 12
c) Find least element of D24.
d) Determine lub of 8 and 12
e) Draw Hasse diagram for D24 with divide(/).
42. Which of the following posets figures are lattice, explain?
h
e e g
 d f
c f g
a f
c d c d
b d e
b d d
a b b c
a b c
a
a
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

43. Check whether D6, D10, D15,{5,10,15,30} are sub lattices of D30. Also draw Hasse diagram for
D30.
44. Show that the lattice (L3 3) of 3 tuples of 0 and 1 is complemented.
45. Consider the lattice L 1

d e
a3
b c

0
a) Which of the following are sublattices of L?

L1={0,b,c,1}, L2={0,b,e,1}, L3={0,b,a3,d,1},

b) Find complements ,if exits for b,c,a3

c) Is L is distributive
d) Is L is complemented lattice
46. Propositions p, q, r and s are defined as follows:
p is "I shall finish my Coursework Assignment"
q is "I shall work for forty hours this week"
r is "I shall pass Maths"
s is "I like Maths"
Write each sentence in symbols:
(a) I shall not finish my Coursework Assignment.
(b) I dont like Maths, but I shall finish my Coursework Assignment.
(c) If I finish my Coursework Assignment, I shall pass Maths.
(d) I shall pass Maths only if I work for forty hours this week and finish my Coursework
Assignment.
47. The following predicates are defined:
friend is " is a friend of mine"
wealthy is " is wealthy"
clever is " is clever"
boring is " is boring"
Write each of the following propositions using predicate notation:

a. Sue is wealthy and clever.

b. Jane is wealthy but not clever.

c. Both Mark and Elaine are friends of mine.

 d. If Peter is a friend of mine, then he is not boring.

e. If Jimmy is wealthy and not boring, then he is a friend of mine.

48. Prove that

i) p ( p q) q

ii) ( p q) (q r ) p r are tautologies

49. Formalize the following sentences:

a. If David comes to the party then Bruno and Carlo come too

b. Carlo comes to the party only if Angelo and Bruno do not come

c. David comes to the party if and only if Carlo comes and Angelo doesnt come

d. If David comes to the party, then, if Carlo doesnt come then Angelo comes

e. Carlo comes to the party provided that David doesnt come, but, if David comes, then

Bruno doesnt come

50. For the statement S: p q , explain the concept of inverse, converse and contrapositive of S with

the help of truth table.