Tiny emergency light circuit

How it works
As Figure 1; Tiny emergency Light circuit use a few parts include the two AA
nickel-metal hydride batteries, for store enough energy to drive a small lamp.

Figure 1 The tiny emergency light circuit

It works like the general emergency light; it fixtures are used to automatically
provide lighting in the event of a power outage.

1. The charger section electrical energy storage in normal conditions.

2. The controller to drive the lamps light up when is power outage.

The tiny emergency light are also special, do not uses the relay to ON-OFF the
lamp. But use the transistor, it acts as the switch ON-OFF instead, may be called
a solid-state emergency light was.

Working began from AC power is fed into the circuit.

To fuse F1 as a blocker than the current flow may be caused by the mistakes of
the circuit.

The transformer T1 will reduce the AC voltage 220V to lower about 6 volts. The
AC low voltage will be rectified by diode D1 as half rectifier form. Then DC
voltage will flow to resistor R1 and D2 to the battery. The charger current of
circuit will set at 55 mA

When plugged into the circuit, the LEDs are not lit. Because the base lead of
transistor Q1 get Reverse Bias has higher voltage than the emitter leads. The
transistor will OFF own conduct. But when the power outage at the base leg
voltage is reduced.

He does not use the lamp because he does not have them, but he uses the red
super bright LED instead.
Since resistor R2 full down pull current makes transistor ON have current flow
from the battery. Makes LED glow up. The current from battery will do not
feedback to the transformer. Because there is diode D2 block the current by
connected the reverse bias between the battery and transformer.

Parts you will need

Q1___BD140__PNP transistor
C1____470uF 16V Electrolytic capacitors
R1____22 ohms 1W
R2____560 ohms
D1,D2___1N4007 Diode
T1______6V 0.5A transformer
and other