1.

TH E
H EFFER N A N
G R O U P
Student Name:
P .O . B o x 1 1 8 0
S u r r e y H ills N o r t h V I C 3 1 2 7
P hone 03 9836 5021
Fax 03 9836 5025
in f o @ t h e h e f f e r n a n g r o u p .c o m .a u
w w w .t h e h e f f e r n a n g r o u p .c o m . a u

SPECIALIST MATHEMATICS

TRIAL EXAMINATION 2

2015

Reading Time: 15 minutes

Writing time: 2 hours

Instructions to students
This exam consists of Section 1 and Section 2.
Section 1 consists of 22 multiple-choice questions and should be answered on the detachable
answer sheet on page 26 of this exam. This section of the paper is worth 22 marks.
Section 2 consists of 5 extended-answer questions, all of which should be answered in the
spaces provided. Section 2 begins on page 10 of this exam. This section of the paper is worth
58 marks.
There is a total of 80 marks available.
Where more than one mark is allocated to a question, appropriate working must be shown.
An exact answer is required to a question unless otherwise stated.
Unless otherwise stated, diagrams in this exam are not drawn to scale.
The acceleration due to gravity should be taken to have magnitude g m/s 2 where g 9.8 .
Students may bring one bound reference into the exam.
Students may bring into the exam one approved CAS calculator or CAS software and, if
desired, one scientific calculator. Calculator memory does not need to be cleared.
Formula sheets can be found on pages 23-25 of this exam.

This paper has been prepared independently of the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment
Authority to provide additional exam preparation for students. Although references have been
reproduced with permission of the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority, the
publication is in no way connected with or endorsed by the Victorian Curriculum and
Assessment Authority.

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015

This Trial Exam is licensed on a non transferable basis to the purchasing school. It may be
copied by the school which has purchased it. This license does not permit distribution or
copying of this Trial Exam by any other party.
 2

SECTION 1

Question 1

The axes intercepts of the ellipse with equation x 2 10x 25y 2 100y 100 0 are
located at

A. (0,2) only
B. (0,1)and(0,3) only
C. (0,2)and(5,0) only
D. (3,0)and(7,0) only
E. (0,1),(0,3),(3,0)and(7,0) only

Question 2
For the graph of the function with rule f ( x) x 2 , it is not true to say that
x2

A. all of its asymptotes pass through the origin

B. f(x) xforx R\{0}
C. there is one straight and one curved asymptote
D. f ( x) 0forx R
E. there is one point of discontinuity

Question 3
4

The curve defined by x 3sec( ) 1andy
cot( )
can be written in Cartesian form as

( x 1) 2 y 2
A. 1
3 4
( x 1) 2 y 2
B. 1
9 16
C. y 2 ( x 1) 2
1
4 3
D. ( x 1) 2 y 2
1
3 4
E. ( x 1) 2 y 2
1
9 16

Question 4

The function f has the rule f ( x) a sin 1 (bx 1) , the domain [6,0] and the range
[ , ] . Therefore,

1
A. a
andb 3
2
1
B. a 2andb
3

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 3

1
C. a 2andb
3
D. a 4andb 3
E. a 4andb 3

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 4

Question 5

If the complex number z has modulus 3 and lies on the imaginary axis of an Argand
diagram then z could be equal to

A. 3i
B. 3i
C. 3i
D. 3i
E. 1 3i

Question 6



Let z cis .
3
i
The imaginary part of z is
3

3
A. i
2

3
B.
2
C. 1
2 3
D. i
2 3
E. 3

Question 7

3
z
Given the two complex numbers z1 acis( ) and z 2 bcis( 2 ) , the argument of 1 is
z2

3
A.
2
3
B.
2
2
C.
2
D.
E. 5

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 5

Question 8

The solutions to the equation z 2 2 2 3i have principal arguments of

2
A. and
3 3
5
B. and
6 6

C. and
6 6
4
D. and
3 3
7
E. and
6 6

Question 9

The circle with equation z 3i 2 intersects twice with the line that has the equation

A. Re(z) 1
B. z 3 z i
C. Im( z ) 1
D. z 3i z i
E.
z 1 z 3i

Question 10

A cylindrical tank is filled with liquid to a depth of h metres so that the volume of liquid
V m 3 in the tank is given by V 5h . Liquid flows into the tank at the rate of 0.1m3 per
hour and leaks out at the rate of 0.02 h m 3 per hour.

A differential equation that relates the variables h and t is

dh 1 1
A.
dt 50 h

dh 5 h
B.
dt 250

dh 5 h
C.
dt 250h

dh
D. 5 (0.1 0.02 h )
dt

dh 0.1 0.02 h
E.
dt 5 h

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 6

Question 11
y

The differential equation that could represent the direction field shown above is

dy 1
A.
dx x
dy 1
B.
dx x2
dy 1
C.
dx y2
dy 1
D. 2
dx x y
dy 1
E.
dx x y

Question 12

dy
For the differential equation x 2 y 3 x , y 1 when x 2 . If Eulers method is used
dx
with a step size of 0.1, then the approximation for y when x 2.2 is

A. 2
B. 3.312
C. 3.512
D. 3.4
E. 4

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 7

Question 13

2
x 1
Using a suitable substitution,
1
1 2x
dx can be expressed as

5
1 u3
A.
4
3
u
du

2
1 u 1
B.
2 1
u
du

C.
1
u ( u 3)du

2
u2
D. 4
1
u
du

5
u3
E.
3
u
du

Question 14

A particle is acted on by a force of 8 newtons acting in a direction due west and a force of 10
newtons acting in a direction S30E.
The magnitude, in newtons, of the resultant force acting on the particle is

A. 6
B. 180 80 3
C. 180 40 3
D. 2 21
E. 2 31

Question 15

3 2 3
The position vector of a particle is given by r~ (t ) ( 2t 3) ~i t ~j (1 t ) k~ , t 0 .
The magnitude of the acceleration of the particle in m/s 2 at t 2 is
A. 2 10
B. 19 2
C. 38
D. 2 181
E. 598

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 8

Question 16

Given that the angle between the vectors a~ 2 ~i 2 ~j 2 k~ and b~ 2 ~i 2 ~j 2 k~ is ,

then sin( ) is
29
A.
5
21
B.
5
C. 21
5
D. 2
5
E. 3
5

Question 17

The velocity vector of a particle that starts its journey at the origin, is given by

v~ ( t ) e 3t ~i 4 j sin(t ) k~ , t 0.
~

The position vector of the particle is given by

e 3t
A. r~ (t) i 4 j cos(t) k~
3 ~ ~
3t
e
B. r~ (t) i cos(t) k~
3 ~
C. r~ (t) 3e 3t i~ cos(t) k~
e 3t 1
r~ (t ) i 4t j (1 cos(t )) k~
D. 3 ~ ~

e 3t 1
E. r~ (t) i 4 j cos(t) k~
3 ~ ~

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 9

Question 18

An object of mass 3kg is connected to two light inextensible strings which hold it in
equilibrium. One of the strings is horizontal and is attached to a wall.
The other string is at an angle of 30 to the vertical and is attached to the ceiling.
c e ilin g

w a ll 30

3 k g o b je c t

The tension in the horizontal string, in newtons, is

A. 3
B. 3
C. 3 3
D. 3g

E. 3g

Question 19

A light inextensible string passes over a smooth pulley.

Two particles of mass m kg and 3m kg are attached to the ends of the string.

m kg 3m kg

The system is released from rest.

The speed of the 3m kg particle will be 24.5m/s after

A. 1.25 seconds
B. 2 seconds
C. 2.5 seconds
D. 3 seconds
E. 5 seconds

Question 20

A particle of mass 4kg is moving in a straight line with a velocity of 6m/s when it is acted on
by a force of 9 newtons acting in the opposite direction to the motion of the particle.
The particle will come to rest after travelling a further distance of

A. 8m
B. 16m
C. 20m
D. 24.5m
E. 40.5m

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 10

Question 21

The velocity-time graph is shown below for a particle travelling in a straight line with
velocity v m/s at time t seconds.
v
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O t
-1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-1 0

For t 2,10 the velocity of the particle is given by v (t ) (t 6) 2 9 .

The distance travelled, in metres, by the particle for t 0,10 is
10
A.
3
46
B.
3
160
C.
3
170
D.
3
226
E.
3

Question 22

A particle moves in a straight line with an acceleration, in m/s 2, given by a 3 x 2 where x

is its displacement, in metres, from a fixed origin at O.
If the particle is at rest at O, then the particle will also be at rest where

A. x 3 only
B. x 3 only
C. x 3 only
D. x 3 only

E. x 3 only

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 11

SECTION 2

Question 1 (11 marks)

A curve is defined by the parametric equations x t

2
t
2
1andy t
t
wheret R\{0} .
( x 1) 2 y 2
a. Show that the Cartesian equation of the curve is 1.
8 8
2 marks

b. Find the values of t when the gradient of the curve is 2.

3 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 12

( x 1) 2 y 2
c. Sketch the graph of 1, showing clearly the asymptotes and any
8 8
axes intercepts.

3 marks

y

6
5
4
3
2
1
x
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6

( x 1) 2 y 2
The region enclosed by the graph of 1 and the line x 5 is rotated about
8 8
the x-axis to form a solid of revolution.

d. Find the volume of this solid of revolution.

3 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 13

Question 2 (13 marks)

Let z1 3 i .

a. Express z1 in polar form.

2 marks

b. Verify that z1 is one root of the equation z 4 8 8 3i .

1 mark

p
c. If Arg ( z1 ) , p R , find all the possible values of p.
2
2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 14

Line L lies in the complex plane and has the equation z 2z1 z .

d. i. Show that the Cartesian equation of L is given by 3x y 4 .

2 marks

2
ii. Show that z1 satisfies the relation z 2z1 z .
3

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 15

e. i. Sketch L and the graph of Arg( z ) on the argand diagram below.
6
2 marks
Im (z)
5

5 R e(z)
-5 O

-5

ii. The area in the first quadrant enclosed by the y-axis and the graphs of L and

Arg ( z ) , is equal to the area enclosed by the graphs of L,
6

Arg( z ) and Re( z ) k where k 2 . Find the value of k.
6

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 16

Question 3 (12 marks)

The position vectors of two drones R and S, relative to a tower at O, are given respectively by

r~ ( t ) sin(t ) ~i cos(t ) j and s~ ( t ) cos(t ) ~i 3 sin(t ) j , t0

~ ~

The unit vectors i~ and ~j are directed to the east and north of O respectively.
The displacement components are measured in kilometres and time, t, is measured in hours.

2 y2
a. Show that the Cartesian equation of the path of drone S is x 1.
3
2 marks

The path followed by drone R is shown on the set of axes below.

x
-1 1

-1

b. Sketch the path followed by drone S on the set of axes above.

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 17

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 18

c. Find the starting position of each of the drones, expressing them in Cartesian
coordinates.

2 marks

d. Show that the drones never meet.

2 marks

e. Find the speed of drone R, in km/hr, at t 3.

1 mark

f. Find the magnitude of the acceleration of drone R, in km / hr 2 , at t 2 .

1 mark

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 19

1
g. Show that at t , the drones are travelling in directions that are perpendicular to
2
each other.

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 20

Question 4 (10 marks)

In a high rise development, the number of apartments, N, that are sold t days after a marketing
N 50 t
campaign begins is modelled by the equation tan 4, t 0 .
100 30

a. Find the number of apartments that are pre-sold, that is, sold before the marketing
campaign begins. Express your answer to the nearest integer.

1 mark

b. According to this model, what is the limiting number of apartments that can be sold.
Express your answer to the nearest integer.

1 mark

dN N 50 t
c. Using implicit differentiation to find , verify that tan 4
dt 100 30
2 N 50 dN
satisfies the differential equation cos 0.3 0.
100 dt

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 21

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 22

The graph of the function N (t) has a point of inflection at the point (a,b) .
Also, an alternative form of the differential equation given in part c., is

dN 10

dt N 50 .
3 tan 2 1
100

d 2N
d. Using this alternative form of the differential equation or otherwise, find and
dt 2
hence find the values of a and b.

4 marks

e. Sketch the graph of the function N (t) on the set of axes below for t [0,500] .
2 marks

N

350
300
250
200
150
100
50
t
100 200 300 400 500

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 23

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 24

Question 5 (12 marks)

A mass of 7kg is on a smooth plane inclined at degrees to the horizontal where 90 o.

It is connected by a light inextensible rope which passes over a smooth pulley, to a mass of
3kg which is hanging vertically, as shown in the diagram below.

7kg

3kg

a. i. Write down an equation of motion for the mass of 7kg when it is moving
down the plane.

1 mark

ii. Write down an equation of motion for the mass of 3kg when it is moving
vertically upwards.

1 mark

g (7 sin( ) 3)
iii. Show that a .
10

1 mark

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 25

iv. If the system is to be in equilibrium, find the value of expressed in

degrees correct to one decimal place.

1 mark

v. If the 3kg mass is to be moving vertically upwards, find the possible values
of expressed in degrees correct to one decimal place.

1 mark

The smooth inclined plane is replaced with a rough plane that is inclined at an angle of 30 to
the horizontal as shown in the diagram below.

7kg

3kg

30

The coefficient of friction between the rough plane and the 7kg mass is 0.106.
The 3kg mass and the 7kg mass are at rest.

b. Show that the 7kg mass is not on the point of moving down the plane.
2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 26

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 27

The rope breaks.

c. Find the acceleration of the

i. 7kg mass down the slope giving your answer in m/s 2, correct to the nearest
0.01m/s2.

2 marks

ii. 3kg mass vertically downwards.

1 mark

The distance that the 7kg mass has to travel down the inclined plane to reach the horizontal
surface is three times the distance that the 3kg mas has to travel vertically to reach the
horizontal surface.

d. Using your answers to part c., find the ratio of the speed of the 3kg mass to the speed
of the 7kg mass as they each reach the horizontal surface after the rope breaks.

2 marks

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 28

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 29

Specialist Mathematics Formulas

Mensuration
1
area of a trapezium: ( a b)h
2
curved surface area of a cylinder: 2rh
volume of a cylinder: r 2 h
1 2
volume of a cone: r h
3
1
volume of a pyramid: Ah
3
4 3
volume of a sphere: r
3
1
area of a triangle: bc sin A
2
a b c
sine rule:
sin A sin B sin C
cosine rule: c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cos C

Coordinate geometry
( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2
ellipse: 1 hyperbola: 1
a2 b2 a2 b2
Circular (trigonometric) functions
cos 2 ( x) sin 2 ( x) 1
1 tan 2 ( x) sec 2 ( x) cot 2 ( x) 1 cosec 2 ( x)
sin( x y ) sin( x) cos( y ) cos( x) sin( y ) sin( x y ) sin( x) cos( y ) cos( x) sin( y )
cos( x y ) cos( x) cos( y ) sin( x) sin( y ) cos( x y ) cos( x) cos( y ) sin( x) sin( y )
tan( x) tan( y ) tan( x) tan( y )
tan( x y ) tan( x y )
1 tan( x) tan( y ) 1 tan( x) tan( y )
cos(2 x) cos 2 ( x) sin 2 ( x) 2 cos 2 ( x) 1 1 2 sin 2 ( x)
2 tan( x)
sin( 2 x) 2 sin( x) cos( x) tan(2 x)
1 tan 2 ( x)
function sin 1 cos 1 tan 1
domain [1, 1] [1, 1] R

range 2 , 2 [0, ] ,
2 2

Algebra (Complex numbers)

z x yi r (cos i sin ) rcis
z x2 y2 r Arg z
z1 r1
z1 z 2 r1r2 cis( 1 2 ) cis( 1 2 )
z 2 r2
z n r n cis( n ) (de Moivres theorem)
Mathematics Formula Sheets reproduced by permission; VCAA 2014. The VCAA
does not endorse or make any warranties regarding this study resource. Current
and past VCAA VCE exams and related content can be accessed directly at
www.vcaa.vic.edu.au

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 30

Calculus

d n
dx

x nx n 1 x
n
dx
1 n 1
n 1
x c, n 1

dx

d ax
e ae ax
1
e ax dx e ax c
a
d 1
log e ( x) 1 dx log e x c
dx x x
d 1
sin(ax) a cos(ax) sin( ax) dx cos(ax) c
dx a
d 1
cos(ax) a sin(ax) cos ( ax) dx sin( ax) c
dx a
d 1
tan(ax) a sec 2 (ax) sec 2 (ax) dx tan(ax) c
dx a
d
dx

sin 1 ( x)
1

1 x
dx sin 1 c, a 0
1 x2 2
a x 2 a
d
dx

cos 1 ( x)
1

1
dx cos 1
x
c, a 0
1 x2 a2 x2 a
d

tan 1 ( x)
1
2
a
2
x
dx tan 1 c
dx 1 x2 a x a

d dv du
product rule: (uv) u v
dx dx dx
du dv
v u
quotient rule: d u
dx 2 dx
dx v v
dy dy du
chain rule:
dx du dx
dy
Eulers method: If f ( x), x0 a and y 0 b,
dx
then x n 1 x n h and y n 1 y n hf ( x n )
d 2 x dv dv d 1 2
acceleration: a 2
v v
dt dt dx dx 2
1 1
constant (uniform) acceleration: v u at s ut at 2 v 2 u 2 2as s (u v)t
2 2

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 31

Vectors in two and three dimensions

r x i y j z k
~ ~ ~ ~

r~ x y z 2 r
2 2 r1 . r2 r1 r2 cos x1 x 2 y1 y 2 z1 z 2
~ ~

d r~ dx dy dz
r i j k
~ dt dt ~ dt ~ dt ~

Mechanics

momentum: p m v~
~

equation of motion: R
~
m a~
friction: F N

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2

 32

S P E C IA L IS T M A T H E M A T IC S

T R IA L E X A M IN A T IO N 2

M U L T IP L E - C H O IC E A N S W E R S H E E T
S T U D E N T N A M E : .......................................................................................

IN S T R U C T IO N S
F ill in th e le tte r th a t c o r re s p o n d s to y o u r c h o ic e . E x a m p le : A C D E

T h e a n s w e r s e le c te d is B . O n ly o n e a n s w e r s h o u ld b e s e le c te d .

1. A B C D E 12. A B C D E

2. A B C D E 13. A B C D E

3. A B C D E 14. A B C D E

4. A B C D E 15. A B C D E

5. A B C D E 16. A B C D E

6. A B C D E 17. A B C D E

7. A B C D E 18. A B C D E

8. A B C D E 19. A B C D E

9. A B C D E 20. A B C D E

10. A B C D E 21. A B C D E

11. A B C D E 22. A B C D E

THE HEFFERNAN GROUP 2015 Specialist Maths Trial Exam 2