Appendix 1: Physics formulae for relationships The relationships listed below will not be provided for students either in the form given or in rearranged form (i) the relationship between average speed, distance and time: distance moved average speed time taken (ii) the relationship between force, mass and acceleration: force = mass x acceleration hangein velocity timetaken acceleration= (il) momentum = mass x velocity momentum = m x y (iv) the relationship between density, mass and volume: (v) the relationship between force, distance and work work done = force « distance moved (vi) the energy relationships: energy transferred = work done kinetic energ x mass x speed? 1 gravitational potential energy = mass x gx height (vil) the relationship between mass, weight and gravitational field strength weight = mass x gravitational field strength (vill) the relationship between an applied force, the area over which it acts and the resulting pressure: force area pressure =(ix) 0) (xi) (xii) (xi) (xiv) ow) (xvi) (xvii) the relationship between the moment of a force and its distance from the pivot moment = force x perpendicular distance from the pivot the relationships between charge, current, voltage, resistance and electrical power: charge = current x time voltage = current x resistance electrical power = voltage x current the relationship between speed, frequency and wavelenath: wave speed = frequency x wavelength input (primary) voltage _ _ primaryturns output(secondary) voltage secondary turns the relationship between refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction sini sinr the relationship between refractive index and critical angle is 1 sine= — efficiency = useful eneray output total energy output the relationship for pressure difference: pressure difference = height x density x g pahxpxg input power = output power Volp = Ves for 100% efficiency