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Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Android
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1.3 Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
The OHA is a group of hardware and software developers, including Google, NTT
DoCoMo, Sprint Nextel, and HTC
Goal
OHA have developed Android, the first complete, open, and free mobile
platform.
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1.4 Features
1. Application framework
3. Integrated browser
4. Optimized graphics
5. SQLite
6. Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats
device emulator
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1.5 Android Versions
Chapter 2:
Architecture
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Android operating system is a stack of software components which is roughly divided into
five sections and four main layers as shown below in the architecture diagram.
1. Linux kernel
2. Libraries
3. Android Runtime
4. Application Framework
5. Aplications
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It is the heart of android architecture that exists at the root of android architecture.
The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the
software stack.
2.1.2 Libraries
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On the top of Linux kernel, their are Libraries such as WebKit, OpenGL,
FreeType, SQLite, Media, C runtime library (libc) etc.
The WebKit library is responsible for browser support, SQLite is for database,
FreeType for font support, Media for playing and recording audio and video
formats.
2D and 3D graphics.
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In android runtime, there are core libraries and DVM (Dalvik Virtual Machine) which is
responsible to run android application.
1. Dalvik VM (translator between the application side and the operating system)
2. Core Libraries
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On the top of Native libraries and android runtime, there is android framework.
Android framework includes Android API'ssuch as UI (User Interface), telephony,
resources, locations, Content Providers (data) and package managers.
Activity Manager Controls all aspects of the application lifecycle and activity
stack.
Content Providers Allows applications to publish and share data with other
applications.
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2.1.5 Applications
a)Email client,
b)SMS program,
c)Calendar,
All the applications are written using the Java programming language.
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Android applications are compiled to Dalvik byte code
Compiled in Java
Loaded into
Linux OS
Chapter-3:
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Contents
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Feature Android Windows BlackBerry
mobile
company Google Microsoft RIM
An android component is simply a piece of code that has a well defined life cycle
Activity
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View
Intent Receiver
Service
Content Provider
Fragment
AndroidManifest.xml
3.3.1 Activity
Example
Compose screen
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Launch an activity
Broadcast a message
3.3.3 Service
Service is a background process that can run for a long time.There are two types of
services local and remote. Local service is accessed from within the application whereas
remote service is accessed remotely from other applications running on the same device.
Content Provider
Example
3.4 ADVANTAGES
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The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform
With the support of many applications, the user can change the screen display.
Supports all Google services: Android operating system supports all of Google
services ranging from Gmail to Google reader. all Google services can you have
with one operating system, namely Android.
3.5 DISADVANTAGES
Android Market is less control of the manager, sometimes there are malware.
Sometimes slow device company issued an official version of Android your own .
CONCLUSION
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I've learned through my research that Android is a much more diverse operating
system than iOS and Windows Phone Mobile.
Android has grown rapidly over the past 4 years becoming the most used
smartphone operating system in the world.It's because Android doesn't release 1
phone from 1 company with 1 new OS every year, but countless phones from
numerous companies, adding their own twist, throughout the year, developing
gradually day-by-day.
Android's ability to customize is unparalleled compared to Apple's and Microsoft's
software allowing the user to change and customize nearly every aspect of Android
which most iPhone and Windows 7 users wouldn't dream possible.I am not one to
say that Android is better or worse than one OS, but is unique and incomparable to
other mobile operating systems.
REFERENCES
1. http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html.
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2. http://android-developers.blogspot.com/
3. http://groups.google.com/group/android-developers?lnk=
4. http://forum.xda-developers.com/
5. http://blogs.computerworld.com/raphael
6. http://thedroidguy.com/
7. http://phandroid.com/
8. http://www.androidguys.com/
9. http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9178688/Android_news_reviews_more
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