StrengthofMaterialsSolutions

Problem#1
x 10500 psi, Tensile
y 5500 psi
xy 4000 psi
3 0
Principalstresses:
2
x y x y
1, 2 xy2
2 2
Substitutevaluesfromaboveyields:
1 11444 psi
2 6444 psi
Themaximumshearstressisdeterminedbythesetwoprincipalstressesas:
Max( max,12 , max,13 , max,23 )
1 2 3 2 3
max,12 max,1,3 1 max,23
2 2 2
11444 6444
max 8944 psi
2
Notethattheothermaximumshearstressesarelessthanthisvalue.

Problem#2

Thetotalstrainis:
L 0.05
total t 0.0005
L 100
Thistotalstrainisequalto:
F
t M T T
EA
Substituting:
t 0.0005
E 30 * 10 6
A 1
6.5 * 10 6
T 100
andsolvingforFweget:
F=4500lbs
Thestressis4500psicompressive.
Problem#3
2000lb

6ft
Q

20000lb

4.5ft 4.5ft

The2000lbscreatesabendingstressatQthatistensileandisequalto:
Mzy
x
Iz
Where
M z 2000 * 4.5 * 12
d
y 2
2
d 4
Iz
64
Substitutingintothebendingformula,weget
x 17188 psi
Thestressduetotheaxialloadiscompressiveandisequalto:
F 20000
x' 1591 psi
A ( 2) 2
Thetotalstressis:
17188 1591 15600
Problem#4
 D a
c
b 7/8

y
3/8

1.5

Locationofcenteroid:
Ay 2 Aa y a Ab y b
1.125 y 2(.375)(.75) .375(.5)
y 0.667
Theareamomentofinertia:
I z 2I a I b
1
Ia (.25)(1.5) 3 .375(.75 .667) 2
12
1
Ib (1.5)(.25) 3 .375(.667 .375 .125) 2
12
Theansweris:
I z 0.158 in 4
ThestressatDis:
M z c 10000 * (0.833)
57200 psi
Iz 0.158
notethatc=1.50.667=0.833

Problem#5:Curvedbeam

Theneutralaxisradiusis:
r r 42
rn o i 2.8854
ln(ro / ri ) ln( 4 )
2
Thestressatinnerradius(criticalpoint)is:
M (rn ri ) 30000( 2.8854 2)
i 57945 psi
eAri (3 2.8854)(2)(2)
Thereisalsoanaxialstressof5000psiactingonthecrosssectionmaking
thetotalstressbecome
total 62945 psi

Problem#6:Torsionalstresses

Themaximumtorsionalshearstressis:
Tr 16T 16(2000 * 6 *12)
11460 psi
J d 3 (4)3
FormProblem#3,thenormalstressonthesurfaceis15600psi.Thestate
ofstressisshownbelow:

xy

Theprincipalstressesarecalculatedasbeforeusing:
2
x
1, 2 x xy2 21662 and 6062 psi
2 2

ThemaximumshearstressatpointQis:
21662 6062
max 13860 psi
2

Problem#7
 30

20

Theforcesintheupperportion(Fu)andlowerportion(FL)are:
KU KL
FU F FL F
KU K L KU K L
Where
EA EA
KU and KL
30 20
Substitutingintotheforceexpressions:
1
30 2
FU F (800) 320 lbs
1 1 5

30 20
3
FL F 480
5
Themaximumstressis(480/0.5)=960psi

Problem#8

4ft 6ft

Thetorqueisdividedaccordingtotorsionalstiffnesses.Inthiscasetheleft
supportspicksus(6/10)=0.6ofthetorqueandtherightsupporttakes0.4of
thetorque.
Problem#9

ybar

Crosssection
yc

Thestressis
VQ

IZb
Findingthecentroidisasbefore:
2 * 4 * (2 4 1)
y 3.5
2( 2 * 4)
Theareamomentofinertiais:
1 1
I (2)(4) 3 (2)( 4)(3.5 2) 2 (4)(2) 3 (2)(4)(5 3.5) 2 49.3
12 12
Qis
Q ( 2)(4)(5 3.5) 12
and
VQ V (12)
11 V 90.4 lbs
I Z b 49.3(2)

Problem#10
 Y

VQ 250 * (1 * 6)(4.5)
11.8 psi
IZb 285.6(2)

Problem#11

Forthisthinwalledtube:
T 200 *1000
34.6 Mpa
2 At 2(38 * 38) 2
Theangleofrotationis:
TSL 200 *1000 * ( 4 * 38) * 50 *10
2
0.011 rad
4 A Gt 4(38 * 38) 2 * 79 *103 * 2
0.66 deg .

Problem#12

Thecriticalpointistheinnerradius.Thetangentialstressis:

Po Pi
Pi ri 2 Po ro2 ri 2 ro2 2

t r
ro2 ri 2

Settingr=riandPi=0weget
 2ro2 2(0.875) 2
t Po 2 2 11200 * 45733 psi
ro ri 0.8752 0.6252
Thestateofstressissimplejustthistangentialstresswhichisalsothe
principalstress.Fromtheory,weknowthattherearenoshearstresseson
thesesurfaceswhenthestresselementinorientedwithradialedges.

Thefactorofsafetyis:
57000
SF 1.25
45733

Problem#S13

Thecriticalpointistheinnerradius.Usingtheformula:
3 r 2 r 2 1 3 2
t 2 ( )(ri 2 ro2 i 2o r )
8 r 3
3 .24 1 3(.24)
t (3320)(216.7) 2 ( )(12.5 2 75 2 75 2 (12.5) 2 )(10 6 )
8 3 .24
t 714963 pa

Problem#S14

Theinterfacepressureis:
E r (ro2 R 2 )( R 2 ri 2 )
P
R 2 R 2 (ro2 ri2 )
Theradialinterferenceis0.013mm.Substitutingallthenumbers:

E 207 * 10 3 R 20 ri 0 ro 40

TheanswerisP=50.4Mpa.

Problem#S15and#S16

12

6
1000 1000

#S15 #S16

Problem#S15:Usingtheimpactformulaandsimplifyingforh>>:

2hk 2 * 1 * 2.5 * 10 6
Fe W
(1000) 70.7 * 10 3 lbs
W 1000
AE 1 * 30 * 10 6
K 2.5 * 10 6
L 12

Thestressis70.7ksi.

Problem#S16:Thetwobarsformapairoftwospringsinseries.The
equivalentspringis:
 K1 K 2 AA E 1( 2) 30 *10 6
Ke 1 2 ( ) ( ) 33.3 * 10 6 lb / in
K 1 K 2 A1 A2 L1 1 2 6

2hk 2 * 1 * 3.33 * 10 6
Fe W
(1000) 81.6 * 10 3 lbs
W 1000
max 81.6 ksi

Problem#17

Thearea,momentofinertia,andradiusofgyration:

d 4 (1.5) 4
A r 2 1.767 and I .2485
64 64
I
and k .375
A

Theslendernessratiois:
l 60
160
k .375

ThelimitfortheuseofEulerversusJohnsonformulais:

l 2 2 CE 2 2 (1)(30 * 10 6 )
93.3
k 1 Sy 68000

Sincetheslendernessratioislargerthanthelimit,theEulerformulaapplies:

2 EI 2 (30 *10 6 )(.2485)

Pcr C 20438
L2 60 2
ThefactorofSafetyis:

SF=20438/5655=3.6

b)Forthiscase:
 A 0.60 I 0.0288 k 0.219

Theslendernessratiois:

l 18
82
k 0.0288
.60
WehavetousetheJohnsonFormula:

SyL
2
1 1 68000 *18 2
Pcr A S y 0.6 68000 ( ) 24975 lbs
2k CE 30 *10 6
2 (.219)

24975
SF 4.42
5655

Problem#S18:BasedonDET:

Tr 16T 16 * 20000
12732.4 psi
J d 3 (2) 3
.58S y .58 * 50000
FS 2.27
12732.4

BasedonMST:
.5 S y
FS 2

Problem#S19

Forthiscastiron:

S ut 30000 0.211 .26 lbs / in 3

Thecriticalpointistheinnerradius
3 2 r 2 r 2 1 3 2
t 2 ( )(ri ro2 i 2o r )
8 r 3
.26 3 .211 1 3(.211) 2
t ( ) 2 ( )(2 * 5 2 32 (3) )
386 8 3 .211
t .0147 2
Sincethisisaprincipalstressandtheotherprincipalstressiszero(radial
stressiszeroontheinnerradius),weequatethisstresstoSut.

0.0147 2 30000
1428 rad / sec 13600 rpm

Problem#S21

Thequestioninthisproblemisthefactorofsafetyagainsteventualfatigue
failure.Firstwecalculatethemaximumnominalshearstress:
Tr 56(103 )(10)
35.6 Mpa
J
(20) 4
32

Wewouldapplythefatiguestressconcentrationfactortothenominalstress
togettheactualstress
1.48(35.6) 52.8 Mpa
TheneedtofindtheVonMisesstressandcompareittostrength
v,a 3 2 91.4 Mpa

Onthestrengthside,theestimateoftheendurancelimitoftherotating
bendingfatiguespecimenishalfofthetensilestrengthforsteels:
Se' (0.5)518 259 Mpa
Applyingthecorrectionfactorstoestimatetheendurancelimitofthispart:
Se (0.9)(0.78)(256) 182 Mpa
Thefactorofsafetyis:
182
n 2
91