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TOPICSLIST

LIZARDBRAINBIRDBRAINRABBITBRAIN BIOLOGFACTS
ECONOMICZOOLOGY
COMPARATIVEANATOMY CHICKEMBRYOLOGY
GENITICSONLINE
IMMUNOLOGY
ORIGINOFLIFEORGANIC
EVOLUTION
INVERTEBRATES
CHORDATES
VERTEBRATES
COMPARATIVEVERTEBRATE
ANATOMY
ZOOGEOGRAPHY
CHROMATOGRAPHY
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REPTILEBRAIN
BIRDBRAIN
MAMMALBRAINSIMILARITIESANDDIFFERENCES

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BRAINOF
BRAINOFCALOTES BRAINOFCOLUMBA
ORYCTOLAGUS
(GARDENLIZARD) (PIGEON)
(RABBIT)
1.Mammalianbrainis
1.Brainoflizardis
1.Avianbrainismuchmore verylargeandismost
relativelysmallandsimple
developed. advancedinthe
inproportiontothebody.
animalkingdom.
2.Brainisprotected
threemeninges.They
2.Brainisprotectedby
areouterthickdura
twomeninges.Theyare
2.Sameasincalotes. mater,innerthinpia
outerthickduramaterand
materandarchanoid
innerthinpiamater.
membraneinbetween
thetwomeninges.
PROSENCEPHALON
3.Olfactorylobesare
3.Olfactorylobesarelarge 3.Theoactorylobesare
moredistinctlyvisible
diferentiatedintoan verysmallandgreatly
ontheventralsideof
olfactorytractorpeduncle coveredbythecerebral
thecerebral
andolfactorybulb. hemispheres.
hemispheres.
4.Eachlobehas
olfactorypeduncle&
4.Thereisnotuberculum olfactorybulb.The
4.Therearenotuberculum
ofolfactorium.Olfactory peduncleendsbehind
ofolfactoriumandolfactory
lobesareenclosedby inaslightlyrenewed
ventricle
olfactoryventricle. elevationthe
tuberculumof
olfactorium.
5.Cerebralhemispheres 5.Cerebral
areovalwithnarrow hemispheresare
5.Cerebralhemispheres
anteroposteriorends. triangularinshape
areverylargeandform
Thesearemedially andverylargeand
abouthalfofthebrain.
separatedbyamiddorsal formabouthalfofthe
fissure. brain.
6.Cerebral
6.Cerebralhemispheresdo 6.Cerebralhemispheres
hemisphereslargely
notcoverolfactoryand largelycoverolfactorybbes
coverolfactorylobes
opticlobesbutpartly anddiencephalon.Thesedo
diencephalon&optic
overlapthediencephalon. notoverlapopticlobes.
lobes.
7.Cerebral
hemispheresareand
7.Thereisnocorpus 7.Thereisnocorpus connectedwithother

callosum. callosum. byahorizontal
transverseband
corpuscallosum.
8.Posteriorendof
corpuscallosumbends
8.Fornixisabsent. 8.Fornixisabsent.
downandextends
forwardasfornix.
9.Thesurfaceofcerebral 9.Thesurfaceofcerebral 9.Eachcerebral
hemispheresissmoothand hemispheresissmoothand hemisphereis
arenotdifferentiated,into arenotdifferentiatedinto differentiatedintofour
lobes. lobes. lobesFrontal,

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parietal,Temporal&
Hippocampal.
10.Cerebralcortexisnot 10.Cerebralcortexis
10.Sameasincalotes.
welldeveloped. welldeveloped.
11.Corporastriataare 11.Corporastriataarevery 11.Corporastriata

quiteconspicuous. conspicuous. arelessconspicuous
12.Lateralventriclesare 12.Lateralventricles
12.Sameasincalotes.
unbranched. arebranched.
13.Diencephalonis
13.Diencephalonisasmall 13.Diencephalonisvisible comparativelysmall
roundedareapressed ontheventralsideand andcompletely

betweenthecerebrumand dorsallycoveredby coveredwith
midbrain. cerebralhemispheres. backwardextensionof
cerebralhemispheres.
14.Theroofof
14.Diencephelonroofis diencephalonisthin
thinandformsanterior 14.Sameasincalotes. andhighlyvascular
choroidplexus. andformstheanterior
choroidplexus.
15.Epiphysialapparatus
possessananterior 15.Epiphysialapparatus 15.Sameasin

parietalbodyandposterior possesspinealbodyas. columba.
penialbody.
16.Opticthalamiare
16.Opticthalamiare 16.Opticthalamiarewell connectedtogetherby
presentbutmiddle developedbutthereisno athickbandofgrey
commissureislacking. middlecommissure. mattercalledas
middlecommissure.
17.Pinealeyeispresent. 17.Absent. 17.Absent.
18.Asmall,rounded
body,thecorpus
18.Corpusalbicansis
18.Absent. albicansorcorpus
absent.
mamillarepresent
behindpituitarybody.
MESENCEPHALON
19.Opticlobesare
19.Twoopticlobesare smallandfourin
19.Twoopticarelargeand
ovalandarepresent numberandformas
presentlaterallytoform
dorsallytoformcorpora corporaquadrigemina
corporabigemina.
bigemina whicharecoveredby
cerebellum.
20.Thecruracerebriatthe
20.Cruracerebriarewell 20.Cruracerebriare
floorofmidbrainare
developed. highlydeveloped.
poorlydeveloped.
21.Opticlobesare
21.Opticlobesarehollow 21.Optocoelsaremuch
solidandwithout
withoptocoels. reduced.
optocoels.
RHOMBENCEPHALON
22.Cerebellumispoorly 22.Cerebellumis 22.Cerebellumis
developedanditisinthe comparativelymore verywelldeveloped
formofaflattenedridgeat developedanddividedinto anddividedintotwo
theanteriorendofmedulla twolateralandamedian laterallobesanda
oblongata. lobe. medianlobe.
23.Cerebellumsurfaceis 23.Cerebellumsurfaceis
23.Sameasinbird.
smooth. foldedallover.
24.Cerebellumis
differentiatedintofive
24.Cerebellumis
lobesamedianlarge
differentiatedintothree
centrallobeor
24.Cerebellumisnot lobesamedianlarge,oval
vermis,apairof
differentiatedintolobes. centrallobeorvermisand
smallerlaterallobes
pairofverysmalllateral
andapairofstill
floccularlobes.
smallerfloccular
lobes.
25.Ponsvaroliiare
presentandconnect
25.Ponsvaroliiareabsent.25.Sameasincalotes.
thelateralpartsofthe
cerebellum.
26,Whitematter
formstreelikearbor
26.Thereisnoarborvitae.26.Sameasincalotes. vitaeingreymatter
canbeseeninthe
sectionofcerebellum.
27.Medullaoblongatais
27.Medullaoblongatais 27.Sameasin
notoverlappedbythe
overhungbycerebellum. cloumba.
cerebellum.
28.Ithasadistinctventral 28.Ventralflexureis
28.Sameasincalotes.
flexure. absent.
29.Ventralfissureand 29.Sameasincalotes. 29.Thereisamedian

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ventralpyramidsare ventralfissure
absent. borderedbytwo
narrowbandsthe
ventralpyramids.
30.Apairofoblong
patchescorpora
30.Corporatrapezoidea 30.Corporatrapezoideaare
trapezoideaare
arenotformed. lacking.
presentjustbehind
ponsvarolii.
31.Theroofof
31.Theroofofmedullais 31.Theposteriorchoroid
medullais
thinandvascularwhich plexusiscompletely
exceptionallythinand
formstheposteriorchoroid coveredwiththe
formstheposterior
plexus cerebellum.
choroidplexus.
32.Athintransparent
membraneVelum
medullaeanterius
formstheroofover
32.Velummedullae 32.Velummedullaei
theanteriorpartof
anteriusisnotformed. absent.
thefourthventricle.
Thisconnectsthe
opticlobeswiththe
cerebellum.
33.Athintransparent
membraneVelum
33.Velummedullae medullaeposterius
33.Sameasincalotes
posteriusisabsent. formstheroofover
hindpartofthefourth
ventricle.

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TOPICS

AMPHIBIA ANIMALBREEDING AQUACULTURE AVES BIOLOGYGEN

CEPHALOCHORDATA CHICKEMBRYOLOGY CHORDATA

COMPARATIVEANATOMY CYCLOSTOMATA DENTITIONMAMMALS

EVOLUTION FISHES GENETICS IMMUNITY MAMMALS POULTRY

REPTILES UROCHORDATA ZOOGEOGRAPHY

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