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The image above is a population graph from the predator-prey game. Green indicates grass, blue indicates
rabbits, and red indicates wolves. The rapid growth in grass shown at the right of the graph is probably due to:
2.
Of the organisms depicted above, the one that would likely be found in the smallest number within the
ecosystem is the
A. ? northern pike
B. ? perch
C. ? bleak
D. ? osprey
E. ? freshwater shrimp
A. ? primary consumer
B. ? autotroph
C. ? omnivore
D. ? carnivore
E. ? herbivore
4. Most climate models predict that during this century, the average temperature
B. ? on land will increase, and the average ocean temperatures will decrease
C. ? on land will decrease, and the average ocean temperatures will increase
5.
The image above is a population graph from the predator-prey game. Green indicates grass, blue indicates
rabbits, and red indicates wolves. Wolves appear to have gone extinct because:
D. ? the y-intercept
7.
8.
The image above is a population graph from the predator-prey game. Green indicates grass, blue indicates
rabbits, and red indicates wolves. In this graph, the factor controlling the population of rabbits is:
A. ? competition from other herbivores
9.
In addition to helping to remove nitrogenous wastes, the plants in the aquarium provide the fish with
A. ? bacteria
B. ? carbon dioxide
C. ? nitrogen
D. ? oxygen
10. Organisms that obtain energy directly from photosynthesis are known as
A. ? heterotrophs
B. ? primary consumers
C. ? herbivores
D. ? autotrophs
11.
A. ? condensation
B. ? precipitation
C. ? evaporation
D. ? transpiration
12.
A. ? condensation
B. ? transpiration
C. ? evaporation
D. ? precipitation
13.
The land shown in the picture was once cultivated farmland. The process being shown here is
A. ? secondary succession
B. ? primary succession
C. ? extinction
D. ? invasion
15.
As the air temperature increases, the rate of process #3 _______________ and the rate of process #1
______________.
A. ? increases / increases
B. ? decreases / increases
C. ? decreases / increases
D. ? increases / decreases
16. Most people have pesticides and other environmental contaminants in their body. This is an example of
A. ? biomagnification
B. ? healthy eating
C. ? bioamplification
D. ? bioaccumulation
17.
The caterpillar pictured here has wasp pupae attached that will hatch and then consume the caterpillar. This
relationship is an example of
A. ? commensalism
B. ? mutualism
C. ? parasitism
D. ? sexual selection
18.
When the fish is provided with so much food that it cannot eat all of it, the excess food
C. ? kills bacteria
19.
The most efficient transfer of energy to the artic cod occurs when it feeds on
A. ? harbour seals
B. ? herbivorous zooplankton
C. ? carnivorous zooplankton
D. ? harp seals
20.
If the ecosystem above was contaminated with the pesticide DDT, the highest concentration of DDT would be
found in
B. ? small fish
C. ? pelicans
D. ? microscopic organisms
21. Ultimately, all of the energy in most food chains or food webs comes from
A. ? the sun
B. ? the producers
C. ? the oceans
D. ? the carnivores
A.
B.
altering habitat
D.
23. Check
A. ? carnivores
B. ? omnivores
C. ? producers
D. ? primary consumers
E. ? herbivores
A. ? hunting
B. ? loss of habitat
C. ? invasive species
D. ? global warming
C.
A. ? ocean water
B. ? limestone deposits
D. A foreign species of organism, introduced into a new ecosystem, will not become invasive unless
A.
B.
C.
D.
pregnant females are released
E.
E. Check
b. After a forest fire, the first signs of ecological recovery occur with the appearance of
A. ? trees
C. ? predators
D. ? large herbivores
B. Which of the following is the formula for determining the rate of growth of a population?
A. ? methane, CH4
B. ? water vapor
C. ? carbon dioxide, CO2
D. ? oxygen, O2
E.
Which of the following has only ONE food source depicted in this web?
A.
harp seal
B.
ringed seal
C.
polar bear
D.
artic char
E.
killer whale
F. Check
b.
According to the 10% rule, compared to the osprey, the perch has
B. Starlings, sparrows and other European birds were introduced into the United States during the 1890's, when
they were released in New York's Central Park by
A. ? mad scientists
C.
B. ? clumped dispersion
C. ? random dispersion
D. During a particularly hot summer, the smallest change in temperature would likely be noted in
A. ? oceans
B. ? temperate grasslands
C. ? deserts
D. ? temperate forests
E.
Assume that a human can choose from any of the three organisms above as a source of nutrition. Which of
the food sources provides the most efficient transfer of energy from the sun to us?
F. An organism whose removal from an ecosystem may cause the collapse of that ecosystem is known as a(n)
A. ? herbivore
B. ? tertiary consumer
C. ? keystone species
D. ? dominant predator
G.
In addition to carbon dioxide, what chemical compound is released into the atmosphere as a result of
processes #2 and #5
A. ? evapotranspiration
B. ? water, H2O
C. ? oxygen, O2
D. ? ammonia, NH3
E. ? phosphate, PO43-
I.
A.
producers
B.
autotrophs
C.
herbivores
D.
heterotrophs
E.
carnivores
J. Check
b.
On the African savanna, large herbivores such as elephant and giraffe would be found in
A. ? Trophic level D
B. ? Trophic level A
C. ? Trophic level B
D. ? Trophic level C
B.
Bees collect nectar from flowers, and serve as pollinators for the plants. This relationship is an example of
A. ? mutualism
B. ? predator-prey
C. ? parasitism
D. ? commensalism
C. As a population grows, factors that slow or limit the growth of the population include
A.
predation
B.
C.
disease and parasitism
D.
immigration
D. Check
b.
Ants are known to protect, or "tend" aphids from predators, and in return receive some nutrients from the
aphids. This relationship is an example of
A. ? commensalism
B. ? mutualism
C. ? parasitism
D. ? sexual selection
B. A relationship between two organisms of different species in which one benefits, while the other neither
benefits nor is harmed:
A. ? commensalism
B. ? symbiosis
C. ? parasitism
D. ? mutualism
C.
A. ? evaporation
B. ? condensation
C. ? precipitation
D. ? transpiration
D.
A. ? decomposition
B. ? photosynthesis
C. ? evapotranspiration
D. ? deamination
E. ? respiration
E.
Based on the diagram, the greatest amount of energy (and biomass) in a healthy ecosystem will be found in
the
A. ? secondary consumers
B. ? primary consumers
C. ? producers
D. ? tertiary consumers
F.
A. ? a predator-prey relationship
B. ? exponential growth
C. ? extinction
D. ? logistic growth
G.
A. ? transpiration
B. ? condensation
C. ? precipitation
D. ? evaporation
H.
If the ecosystem above was contaminated with the pesticide DDT, the highest concentration of DDT in fish and
pelicans would be found in
A. ? muscle
B. ? fat tissue
C. ? bone tissue
D. ? blood
I.
A. ? extinction
B. ? logistic growth
C. ? exponential growth
D. ? a predator-prey relationship
J.
In this diagram the predator is coded in ____________ and the prey is coded in ____________.
A. ? blue / red
B. ? red / blue
A.
contributing to global warming
B.
decreasing biodiversity
C.
D.
E.
L. Check
b.
A.
water
B.
glucose
C.
carbon dioxide
D.
oxygen
c. Check
d.
B. ? trophic level C
C. ? trophic level D
D. ? trophic level B
A.
cannabalism
B.
mutualism
C.
commensalism
D.
parasitism
C. Check
b. The process by which the volcanic island Surtsey has progressed from bare lava in 1963 to an island with
vegetation and animal life today is known as
A. ? secondary succession
B. ? primary succession
C. ? a climax community
D. ? an extinction event
B.
A. ? carnivores
B. ? decomposers
C. ? primary consumers
D. ? producers
C.
Wastes and dead organisms from this food chain will be fed upon by
A. ? herbivores
B. ? tertiary consumers
C. ? autotrophs
D. ? decomposers
D.
E.
A. ? deamination
B. ? photosynthesis
C. ? respiration
D. ? evapotranspiration
E. ? decomposition
F.
A.
water
B.
carbon dioxide
C.
oxygen
D.
glucose
G. Check
b.
The plant shown here is Russian thistle, better known as tumbleweed. It was accidentally introduced into the
United States in the nineteenth century in contaminated flax seed. The fact that it has spread throughout the
western United States suggests that
A.
B.
C.
D.
c. Check
d.
(From Reuters)A golden eagle picks the carcass of a wild boar that was killed by wolves in the 30 km (18
miles) exclusion zone around the Chernobyl nuclear reactor near the village of Babchin some 370 km (217
miles) southeast of Minsk February 3, 2008. Wildlife in the exclusion zone has been teeming despite radiation.
If one were to study organisms in the area, which of these indicates the probable order
of increasing concentrations of radiation in living tissue?
A. ? small fish
B. ? fungi
C. ? bacteria
D. ? plants
D.
A. ? producers
B. ? carnivores
C. ? consumers
D. ? heterotrophs
E.
A. ? capelin
B. ? herbiverous zooplankton
C. ? phytoplankton
D. ? polar bear
F.
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