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Matteson, A., Tomanic, J.P., Herron, M.M., Allen, D.F., Kenyon, W.E.
NMR relaxation of clay/brine mixtures
(2000) SPE Reservoir Evaluation and
Engineering , 3 (5), pp. 408-413. Cited 10 times.

Petrophysical Laboratories, Reservoir Evaluation Dept., Schlumberger-Doll

Research, Ridgefield, CT, United States

Abstract
Effective interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs in shaly
sands requires an understanding of the NMR contribution of clays. Of
particular importance is the role of clays in the rapidly relaxing part of the
NMR signal. In this study we measured the transverse relaxation time
spectrum (T2) of brine mixed with four clays (illite, smectite, kaolinite and
glauconite) as a function of compaction. The Larmor frequency was 2 MHz and
the echo spacing 0.16 ms. Mild compaction was achieved by centrifuging the
clay slurry at three successive pressures ranging from 1 to 125 psi. Highly
compacted samples were produced in a uniaxial press at six sequential
pressures ranging from 500 to 16,000 psi. Each clay/brine slurry and its
associated compacted sample showed a single peak in the T2 distribution
spectrum. A second peak, which could be interpreted as the 'clay-bound
water,' was never observed. The T2 peak position shifted to faster relaxation
times as compaction increased, in proportion to the pore volume-to-surface
ratio, V(p)/A(s). The single peak and V(p)/A(s) proportionality are consistent
with fast diffusion between the pore water and the monolayer of water on the
clay surface. Surface relaxivity varied among the four clay minerals;
glauconite, the clay with the highest magnetic susceptibility and iron content
had the largest surface relaxivity. These results have important implications
for the interpretation of NMR logs in shaly sands. Because of the effects of
compaction and to a lesser extent the iron content on a clay's T2 peak
position, it is not possible to independently determine clay type from some
characteristic relaxation time. These data also imply that it is not feasible to
estimate the cation exchange capacity from a single time cutoff of the T2
distribution without additional information such as laboratory measurements
or other log data.

Index Keywords

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brine, clay, hydrocarbon reservoir, nuclear magnetic resonance, sand, shale;

brine, clay, hydrocarbon reservoir, nuclear magnetic resonance, sand, shale

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Correspondence Address
Matteson A.; Petrophysical Laboratories, Reservoir Evaluation Dept.,
Schlumberger-Doll Research, Ridgefield, CT, United States; email:
matteson@ridgefield.sdr.slb.com

ISSN: 10946470
Language of Original Document: English
Abbreviated Source Title: SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng.
Document Type: Article
Source: Scopus

Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Scopus is a registered

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