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MODULE 6
HUMIDIFICATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
LECTURE NO. 5
Gs, TG+dTG L,
Y/+dY/, TL+dTL,
H/+dH/ HL1+dHL
Envelope II Envelope I
dz
Gs, TG L, TL
Y/, H/ HL
Let, L is the constant water flow rate (kg/m2s) and Gs is the air rate (kg dry
air/m2s). Across a differential thickness dz of the bed, temperature of water is
decreased by dTL and the enthalpy of air is increased by dH/.
Hence, change in enthalpy of water=L.cWL.dTL
and, change in enthalpy of air =Gs.dH/
Differential enthalpy balance over dz is L.cWL.dTL=Gs.dH/ (6.16)
Enthalpy balance over envelope I,
LcWL (TL TL1 ) Gs ( H / H1/ ) (6.17)
The equilibrium curve for air-water system on TL-H/ plane is the plot of enthalpy
of saturated air versus liquid temperature at equilibrium.
Rate of transfer of water vapor to air in the differential volume is
Gs dY / kY/ a(Yi / Y / ) (6.19)
h
kY/ a dz G/ (Ti TG ) (Yi / Y / )0 (6.21)
kY
kY/ a dz ( H i/ H / ) (6.25)
evaluation of the integral, we have to know the values H i/ (interfacial enthalpy) for
( H i/ H / ) h
L/ (6.32)
(TLi TL ) kY
A point (TL, H/) on the operating line meets the equilibrium line at the point (TLi,
H i/ ).
TL 0 z
dTL kY/ a kY/ a
TLi
( H i/ H / ) LcWL 0
dz
LcWL
z (6.33)
( H * / H / ) ( H * / H i/ ) ( H i/ H / )
q ( H * / H i/ ) q
q
K Y/ hL (TL TLi ) kY/
1 ( H * / H i/ ) 1
/ (6.37)
K Y/ (TL TLi ) kY
Equation (6.33) (Merkel Equation) is also expressed as:
T
KY/ a V L0
dTL
(6.38)
L TLi
(Hi H / )
/
The left hand side of the equation is called tower characteristic where, V is
active cooling volume/plan area.