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AbstractFailure patterns of mechanical components and A four step process is usually popular in the field of
materials can be observed by surface deformations. Structural Health Monitoring and damage detection. The
Preventive maintenance always minimizes the failure first three steps are connected and involve the detection of
patterns and here is a method proposed which not only the presence, the location and the severity of damage, while
minimizes the failures but also analyses the life expectancy the fourth step, related to the prediction of service life is
of such components and materials. Image processing using usually a separate problem by itself.
Matlab Tool Boxes is emerging as a perfect simulation Machine vision systems provide quality control and real-
platform and by writing simple codes one can see its effect time feedback for industrial processes, overcoming physical
which can be analyzed by ease. The paper proposes a limitations and subjective judgment of humans. In this
robust image processing technique and is developed on paper, the image processing techniques for developing low-
Matlab platform. cost machine vision system for surface deformation
KeywordsLight Interferometer, Non-Destructive inspection is explored. By developing image processing
Techniques, Optical NDT, Surface Deformation, SVD. techniques, and minimal hardware, a low-cost flexible
system is developed. The system acquires the image data
I. INTRODUCTION and this image isprocessed and then a custom classification
Failure analysis is thought to be finite elemental analysis as system algorithm accepts or rejects the mechanical element
far as mechanical components and materials are considered. or material.
Added to it is non-destructive technique which ways back to
1879 and since then the topics evolved into a necessity in II. METHODOLOGICAL SURVEY
industry for quality, quantity analysis and valuations. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) [1] is defined as the
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is the process of inspecting, determination of the physical condition of an object without
testing, or evaluating materials, components or assemblies affecting that objects ability to fulfill its intended function.
for discontinuities, or differences in characteristics without Non-destructive testing techniques typically use a probing
destroying the serviceability of the part or system. energy form to determine material properties or to indicate
Today modern nondestructive tests are used in the presence of material discontinuities (surface, internal or
manufacturing, fabrication and in-service inspections to concealed). The methods and techniques used in NDT
ensure product integrity and reliability, to control measure physical properties or non-uniformity in physical
manufacturing processes, lower production costs and to properties of materials as well. Variations or non-
maintain a uniform quality level. During construction, NDT uniformities in physical properties may or may not affect
is used to ensure the quality of materials and joining the usefulness of a material, depending upon the particular
processes during the fabrication and erection phases, and in- application under consideration. Nondestructive testing is
service NDT inspections are used to ensure that the the testing of materials, for surface or internal flaws or
products in use continue to have the integrity necessary to metallurgical condition, without interfering in any way with
ensure their usefulness and the safety of the public. the integrity of the material or its suitability for service. The
technique can be applied on a sampling basis for individual